An auxiliary spring that hydraulically compensates for the height drop due to the creep of the rubber body

Abstract

The present invention discloses an auxiliary spring that hydraulically compensates for height loss due to creep of a rubber body. The auxiliary spring comprises a rigid core shaft, a rubber body vulcanized and bonded to the outer periphery of the core shaft, a metal outer sleeve vulcanized and bonded to the outer periphery of the rubber body, and a support plate mounted horizontally on top of the metal outer sleeve, with a gap between the core shaft and the metal outer sleeve. The auxiliary spring also includes a hydraulic lifting device and a pressure liquid supply system. The hydraulic lifting device is disposed between the base and the auxiliary spring and comprises a vertically expandable hydraulic container. The hydraulic pressure in the pressure liquid supply system is greater than the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic container. When the rubber body creeps and descends to a set height, the pressure liquid supply system fills the hydraulic container with liquid, causing the hydraulic container to extend upward and lift the auxiliary spring, thereby compensating for the height loss of the auxiliary spring. This allows the air spring to maintain a desired height without increasing the internal pressure of the rubber airbag.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an air spring on a train bogie, in particular to an auxiliary spring which compensates for the height drop caused by creep of a rubber body in a hydraulic manner, and belongs to the technical field of train vibration reduction. Background Art

[0002] The air spring is mainly composed of an auxiliary spring at the bottom and a rubber airbag at the top.

[0003] The auxiliary spring has a rigid core shaft, the outer periphery of which is a rubber body vulcanized into one with the core shaft and stacked outward and upward. The rubber body has multiple layers of metal spacers vulcanized into one with the rubber body from the inside to the outside; the outer periphery of the rubber body is a metal jacket vulcanized into one with the rubber body; the top of the metal jacket is a support plate.

[0004] The top of the rubber airbag is an upper cover plate, and the outer periphery of the bottom surface of the upper cover plate and the outer periphery of the metal jacket are surrounded and sealed by an annular rubber bag to form a rubber airbag.

[0005] The bottom of the mandrel is the mounting base for the air spring.

[0006] Usually, in order to save materials and reduce weight, the core shaft is a hollow body that passes through from top to bottom.

[0007] Air springs are installed on bogies to support train carriages and are used to provide multi-directional vibration reduction for the car body during operation.

[0008] Since the auxiliary spring is located at the lower part of the rubber airbag, it bears all the load above the rubber airbag.

[0009] Originally, rubber is known to recover from deformation when subjected to loads, a property used to reduce vibration between various components. However, when applied to train auxiliary springs, the long-term pressure of the train carriages and the inherent properties of rubber can cause irreversible creep. This creep is accelerated by repeated overloads, causing the auxiliary spring to gradually decrease in height, ultimately reducing the overall height of the auxiliary spring. To ensure the overall height of the air spring remains at the preset level, a differential pressure valve is activated, inflating the rubber bladder via a proprietary air pressure system designed to adjust the overall height of the air spring. This increases the bladder's stiffness, compromising the train's vibration reduction performance. At the same time, the use of such inflation and pressurization increases the expansion pressure on the rubber bladder, making the rubber bladder itself and its joints with the upper cover plate and metal jacket more likely to burst, causing operational failures and shortening the service life of the air spring.

[0010] In addition to the above problems, the creep of the auxiliary spring rubber body will also cause the following adverse consequences:

[0011] 1. As the creep of the auxiliary spring rubber body becomes more and more serious, the elasticity of the auxiliary spring becomes worse and worse. This is also one of the important reasons why the vibration reduction effect of high-speed rail trains is much worse than before after a certain number of years of use.

[0012] 2. When deflated, the lower part of the hanging airbag will interfere with other components on the bogie, affecting the safe operation of the vehicle.

[0013] Through searching, no research specifically targeting the above-mentioned problem has been found. However, our company believes that effectively solving the problem of air spring height drop caused by creep of the auxiliary spring rubber body is of great significance for maintaining a good vibration reduction effect of the train in the long term, and has launched a series of related research for this purpose.

[0014] The present invention is suitable for eliminating the adverse effects of air spring creep on trains running in non-extremely cold areas. Summary of the Invention

[0015] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to timely implement height compensation for the height reduction of the air spring caused by the creep of the auxiliary spring rubber body.

[0016] In view of the above problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is:

[0017] An auxiliary spring that hydraulically compensates for height loss due to creep of a rubber body comprises a rigid core shaft, a rubber body vulcanized and bonded to the outer periphery of the core shaft, a metal outer sleeve vulcanized and bonded to the outer periphery of the rubber body, and a support plate mounted horizontally atop the metal outer sleeve, with a gap between the core shaft and the metal outer sleeve. The auxiliary spring also includes a hydraulic lifting device and a pressurized liquid supply system. The hydraulic lifting device is disposed between the base and the auxiliary spring and comprises a vertically expandable hydraulic container. The hydraulic pressure in the pressurized liquid supply system is greater than the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic container. When the rubber body creeps and descends to a set height, the pressurized liquid supply system fills the hydraulic container with liquid, causing the hydraulic container to expand upward and lift the auxiliary spring to compensate for the decreased height.

[0018] Furthermore, the hydraulic container is a closed elastic annular liquid bag, which has an inner annular space communicating with each other from top to bottom.

[0019] Furthermore, the pressure liquid supply system includes a liquid supply pipeline and a flow control device. The liquid supply pipeline includes a liquid supply main pipe and a liquid supply branch pipe. The liquid supply branch pipe connects the hydraulic container and the liquid supply main pipe. The flow control device is arranged on the liquid supply branch pipe to control the opening and closing of the liquid supply branch pipe.

[0020] Furthermore, the core shaft is a hollow body with upper and lower communicating spaces, and has a liquid pipe channel 1 that is radially connected to the inside and outside. The flow control device is installed in the core shaft, and the liquid supply branch pipe passes through the liquid pipe channel 1.

[0021] Furthermore, the pressure liquid supply system also includes a hollow support body, the lower part of the core shaft has a sleeve hole opening at the bottom along the axis, the upper part of the hollow support body is sleeved in the sleeve hole of the core shaft and can slide downward from the sleeve hole, the lower part of the hollow support body is located in the annular space of the annular liquid sac, and its lower end stands on the base, and the hollow support body is used to support and install the flow control device.

[0022] Further, the flow control device includes a button valve and a trigger mechanism, the button valve has a button switch at the top, and the trigger mechanism includes a pressure rod; the hollow support body has a cylindrical upper installation space, a middle installation space and a lower installation space connected to each other up and down, the lower installation space has a liquid pipe channel 2 that passes through the side wall of the hollow support body and is correspondingly connected to the liquid pipe channel 1 of the core shaft; the upper part of the core shaft is opened with a pressure rod hole that is connected to the upper installation space of the hollow support body along the axis; the lower end of the pressure rod is located in the upper installation space of the hollow support body, and the upper end extends upward through the pressure rod hole of the core shaft to the bottom of the support plate, the upper section of the button valve is located in the middle installation space, the button switch is located below the lower end of the pressure rod in the upper installation space and can be pressed by the downward pressure rod, the lower section of the button valve is located in the lower installation space, the liquid supply branch pipe is divided into an output section and an input section, the output section and the input section both pass through liquid pipe channel 1 and liquid pipe channel 2, and are connected with the button valve in the lower installation space.

[0023] Furthermore, the diameter of the middle installation space is smaller than the diameters of the upper installation space and the lower installation space, so that the side wall of the middle installation space protrudes radially and centripetally to form an annular boss located in the upper installation space; the trigger mechanism also includes a compression spring, which is placed on the upper end surface of the annular boss, and the pressure rod is pressed on the compression spring through the flange arranged on the outer periphery of the lower section.

[0024] Furthermore, the pressure liquid supply system also includes a hydraulic temporary storage container provided on the liquid supply branch pipe, and the output section of the liquid supply branch pipe is divided into output section 1 and output section 2; the output section 1 connects the button valve and the hydraulic temporary storage container, and is provided with a one-way valve 1 that only allows the liquid to flow in one direction from the button valve to the hydraulic temporary storage container; the output section 2 connects the hydraulic temporary storage container and the annular liquid sac, and is provided with a one-way valve 2 that only allows the liquid to flow in one direction from the hydraulic temporary storage container to the annular liquid sac.

[0025] Furthermore, the cavity of the hydraulic temporary storage container contains liquid at the bottom and gas at the top, and the communication ports between the output section 1 and the output section 2 of the liquid supply branch pipe and the hydraulic temporary storage container are both below the liquid level.

[0026] Furthermore, the upper end surface of the base is provided with an annular outer wall opening upward, the outer periphery of the bottom end of the core shaft is provided with an annular inner wall opening downward, the annular inner wall is sleeved within the annular outer wall, and the annular liquid capsule is located in a space formed by the connection between the annular outer wall and the annular inner wall;

[0027] The maximum hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic temporary storage container is set to be greater than the hydraulic pressure in the annular liquid sac when the train car is unloaded but less than the hydraulic pressure in the annular liquid sac when the train car is heavily loaded and encounters a maximum vertical load impact, and the hydraulic pressure in the liquid supply main pipe is equal to the maximum hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic temporary storage container.

[0028] Beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. As the rubber body of the auxiliary spring continuously creeps, the lifting device of the present invention can automatically and continuously perform height compensation, so that the air spring always maintains an ideal height. There is no need to additionally inflate and pressurize the rubber airbag to perform height compensation. This is beneficial for maintaining the elastic stiffness of the rubber airbag at the most ideal state, and can also reduce the risk of the rubber airbag bursting, thereby helping to extend the service life of the rubber airbag.

[0030] 2. Due to the setting of the compression spring, it objectively bears part of the overload impact load, reduces the ultimate pressure that the rubber body of the auxiliary spring originally has to bear, and can effectively delay the creep process of the rubber body.

[0031] 3. It can prevent the lower part of the hanging airbag from interfering with other parts on the bogie when it is deflated, thereby affecting the safe operation of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional view of an air spring having the auxiliary spring according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the auxiliary spring described in Example 1 with the rubber body and other components removed;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the base, annular liquid capsule and core shaft after being disassembled according to Example 1;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hollow support body described in Example 1;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the button valve and the hollow support body in Example 1 when not assembled;

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an air spring having the auxiliary spring described in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial schematic diagram of .

[0039] In the figure: 100, air spring; 1, rubber airbag; 2, base; 201, annular outer wall; 3, auxiliary spring; 301, core shaft; 3011, annular inner wall; 3012, liquid pipe channel 1; 3013, sleeve hole; 3014, pressure rod hole; 302, rubber body; 303, metal jacket; 304, support plate; 4. Annular liquid sac; 401. Space within the annulus; 5. Liquid supply main pipe; 6. Liquid supply branch pipe; 601. Output section; 6011. Output section one; 6012. Output section two; 6013. One-way valve one; 6014. One-way valve two; 602. Input section; 603. External sleeve; 7. Hollow support body; 701. Upper installation space; 702. Middle installation space; 703. Lower installation space; 704. Liquid pipe channel two; 705. Annular boss; 8. Push button valve; 801. Push button switch; 802. Mounting flange; 8021. Screw; 9. Pressure rod; 901. Flange; 10. Compression spring; 11. Hydraulic temporary storage container; 12. Liquid; 13. Gas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, auxiliary spring 3 is the main component of air spring 1. It is located below rubber airbag 1 and together with rubber airbag 1, it forms air spring 100. Air spring 100 has a mounting base 2 at its bottom. It is mounted on the bogie through base 2 to support the train car and provide vertical and horizontal vibration reduction during operation.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1As shown in FIG. 5 , an auxiliary spring that hydraulically compensates for height loss due to rubber creep comprises a rigid core shaft 301, a rubber body 302 vulcanized and bonded to the outer periphery of the core shaft 301, a metal jacket 303 vulcanized and bonded to the outer periphery of the rubber body 302, and a support plate 304 mounted horizontally on top of the metal jacket 303. A gap exists between the core shaft 301 and the metal jacket 303, and the support plate 304 is sealed and secured to the metal jacket 303 to ensure the airtightness of the rubber airbag 1. This auxiliary spring also includes a hydraulic lifting device and a pressurized liquid supply system. The hydraulic lifting device is located between the base 2 and the auxiliary spring 3 and includes a vertically expandable hydraulic reservoir. The hydraulic pressure in the pressurized liquid supply system is greater than the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic reservoir. When the rubber body 302 creeps and descends to a set height, the pressurized liquid supply system fills the hydraulic reservoir with liquid, causing it to expand and lift the auxiliary spring 3 upward to compensate for the descending height, thus maintaining the ideal height of the auxiliary spring when it is new. In this way, when the height of the auxiliary spring is reduced due to creep of the rubber body 302, there is no need to start the differential pressure valve to inflate and pressurize the rubber airbag, thereby avoiding excessive increase in the stiffness of the air spring 100, so that the train can always maintain an ideal vibration reduction state, and at the same time, it can also reduce the risk of bursting of the air spring 100 and increase the service life of the air spring 100.

[0044] The hydraulic container is a closed elastic annular liquid capsule 4 having an annular inner space 401 which is communicated with each other from top to bottom. The annular liquid capsule 4 is filled with liquid 12, and the height of the annular liquid capsule 4 is determined by the amount of liquid 12.

[0045] Since the present invention involves the flow of liquids, it may be adversely affected by freezing in extremely cold regions. Therefore, the present invention is suitable for use on trains traveling in non-extremely cold regions. However, if a liquid that maintains good fluidity in extremely cold temperatures is developed and applied to the present invention, this limitation does not apply.

[0046] The pressurized liquid supply system includes a liquid supply pipeline and a flow control device. The liquid supply pipeline includes a main liquid supply pipe 5 and a branch liquid supply pipe 6. The branch liquid supply pipe 6 connects the hydraulic reservoir to the main liquid supply pipe 5. The flow control device is installed on the branch liquid supply pipe 6 to control the opening and closing of the branch liquid supply pipe 6. The main liquid supply pipe 5 contains a liquid 12 that is always kept at a high pressure. The pressure of the liquid in the main liquid supply pipe 5 is greater than the pressure of the liquid 12 in the annular liquid sac 4, ensuring that the liquid in the main liquid supply pipe 5 can be injected into the annular liquid sac 4 when the branch liquid supply pipe 6 is opened.

[0047] The core shaft 301 is a hollow body with spaces communicating with each other from top to bottom, and it also has a liquid pipe channel 1 3012 communicating radially inside and outside. The flow control device is installed in the core shaft 301, and the liquid supply branch pipe 6 passes through the liquid pipe channel 1 3012.

[0048] The pressurized liquid supply system also includes a hollow support body 7. A mounting hole 3013, opening to the bottom, is defined along the axis of the lower portion of the core shaft 301. The upper portion of the hollow support body 7 is mounted within the mounting hole 3013 of the core shaft 301 and can slide downwardly out of the mounting hole 3013. The lower portion of the hollow support body 7 is located within the annular space 401 of the annular liquid sac 4, and its lower end is supported on the base 2. The hollow support body 7 is used to support and mount the flow control device. This allows the hollow support body 7 and the flow control device mounted therein to maintain their original height when the auxiliary spring 3 is raised, facilitating subsequent design.

[0049] The flow control device includes a button valve 8 and a trigger mechanism. Among them, the button valve 8 has a button switch 801 at the top. By pressing the button switch 801 downward, the valve can be opened, and releasing the button switch 801 can automatically close the valve. It is a prior art product with a large number of products on the market. The trigger mechanism includes a pressure rod 9; there are a cylindrical upper installation space 701, a middle installation space 702 and a lower installation space 703 that are connected to each other from top to bottom in the hollow support body 7, and the lower installation space 703 has a liquid pipe channel 2 704 that passes through the side wall of the hollow support body 7 and is connected to the liquid pipe channel 1 3012 of the core shaft 301; a pressure rod hole 3014 is opened on the upper part of the core shaft 301 along the axis line and is connected to the upper installation space 701 of the hollow support body 7; the lower end of the pressure rod 9 is located in the upper installation space 701 of the hollow support body 7, and the upper end is facing The pressure rod hole 3014 of the upper core shaft 301 extends to the bottom of the support plate 304, the upper section of the button valve 8 is located in the middle installation space 702, the button switch 801 is located below the lower end of the pressure rod 9 in the upper installation space 701 and can be pressed by the downward pressure rod 9, the lower section of the button valve 8 is located in the lower installation space 703, the liquid supply branch pipe 6 is divided into an output section 601 and an input section 602, the output section 601 and the input section 602 both pass through the liquid pipe channel 1 3012 and the liquid pipe channel 2 704 and are connected to the button valve 8 in the lower installation space 703.

[0050] The diameter of the middle installation space 702 is smaller than that of the upper installation space 701 and the lower installation space 703, so that the sidewall of the middle installation space 702 protrudes radially and centripetally to form an annular boss 705 located within the upper installation space 701. The trigger mechanism also includes a compression spring 10, which is positioned on the upper end surface of the annular boss 705. The compression rod 9 is pressed against the compression spring 10 by a flange 901 provided on the outer periphery of the lower section. Thus, when the support plate 304 presses the compression rod 9 downward, the compression rod 9 overcomes the resistance of the compression spring 10 and moves downward, causing the lower end of the compression rod 9 to press the button switch 801 downward, opening the button valve 8, and thus connecting the output section 601 and the input section 602 of the liquid supply branch pipe 6, thereby injecting liquid 12 into the annular liquid sac 4.

[0051] The button valve 8 is fixed in the hollow support body 7 as follows: a mounting flange 802 fixed to the button valve 8 is provided on the outer periphery of the button valve 8 , and the mounting flange 802 is fixed to the bottom end surface of the annular boss 705 by screws 8021 .

[0052] The annular sac 4 is mounted between the base 2 and the mandrel 301 as follows: an annular outer wall 201 with an upward opening is provided on the upper end surface of the base 2, and an annular inner wall 3011 with a downward opening is provided on the outer periphery of the bottom end of the mandrel 301. The inner wall 3011 is sheathed within the outer wall 201 and is axially slidable relative to the outer wall 201. The annular sac 4 is positioned within the space formed by the connection between the outer wall 201 and the inner wall 3011. This improves the docking stability between the base 2 and the mandrel 301 and radially limits the expansion of the annular sac 4 under high pressure, preventing it from expanding outwards.

[0053] To ensure smooth installation of the button valve 8 and its associated liquid supply branch pipe 6, at least a portion of the output section 601 and the input section 602 thereof are made of a high-pressure-resistant hose.

[0054] The application principle of this embodiment is:

[0055] Before the rubber body 302 creeps, even if the carriage pressing on the air spring 100 reaches a heavy-load state and encounters a downward maximum vertical load impact, the support plate 304 will not press the pressure rod 9 downward to cause the pressure rod 9 to move downward.

[0056] After the rubber body 302 creeps, the auxiliary spring 3 descends. The compression rod 9, supported on a height-invariable base by the compression spring 10 and the hollow support body 7, moves downward toward the upper end of the compression rod 9 as the auxiliary spring 3 descends. In this situation, if the carriage reaches a heavily loaded state and encounters a maximum downward vertical load, the support plate 304 contacts and depresses the compression rod 9, causing it to slide downward, overcoming the upward force of the compression spring 47. The lower end of the compression rod 9 presses downward on the pushbutton switch 801, opening the pushbutton valve 8. This opens the output section 601 and input section 602 of the liquid supply branch pipe 6, allowing the liquid supply main pipe 5 to inject liquid 12 into the annular liquid sac 4. When the maximum downward vertical load is released, the compression spring 47 pushes the compression rod 9 upward, releasing it and disengaging it from the pushbutton switch 801. The pushbutton valve 8 quickly closes again, halting the injection of liquid 12 into the annular liquid sac 4.

[0057] In order to avoid injecting too much liquid 12 into the annular liquid sac 4 at one time, the caliber of the liquid supply branch pipe 6 is designed according to calculation.

[0058] In order to reduce the overload impact on the rubber body 302 when the train car is heavily loaded, the strength of the compression spring 47 can be appropriately increased, which is conducive to delaying the creep process of the rubber body 302.

[0059] It should be noted here that in this embodiment, when encountering the maximum vertical load impact under heavy load conditions, the hydraulic pressure in the annular liquid sac 4 is very large. In order to enable the liquid supply main pipe 5 to inject liquid 12 into the annular liquid sac 4, the hydraulic pressure in the liquid supply main pipe 5 is very large and must be greater than the hydraulic pressure in the annular liquid sac 4.

[0060] To facilitate installation, external sleeves 603 are provided at multiple locations on the liquid supply branch pipe 6 for connecting adjacent pipe sections.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] like Figure 6 、 7 As shown, the difference from the first embodiment is that the pressure liquid supply system further includes a hydraulic temporary storage container 11 provided on the liquid supply branch pipe 6, and the output section 601 of the liquid supply branch pipe 6 is divided into an output section 1 6011 and an output section 2 6012; the output section 1 6011 connects the button valve 8 and the hydraulic temporary storage container 11, and is provided with a one-way valve 1 6013 on the output section 1 6011 to allow only one-way flow of liquid from the button valve 8 to the hydraulic temporary storage container 11; the output section 2 6012 connects the hydraulic temporary storage container 11 and the annular liquid sac 4, and is provided with a one-way valve 2 6014 on the output section 2 6012 to allow only one-way flow of liquid from the hydraulic temporary storage container 11 to the annular liquid sac 4. In the cavity of the hydraulic temporary storage container 11, the lower part is liquid 12 and the upper part is gas 13. The output section 1 6011 and the output section 2 6012 of the output section 601 of the liquid supply branch pipe 6 are connected to the hydraulic temporary storage container 11 at ports below the liquid level.

[0063] The maximum hydraulic pressure within the hydraulic temporary storage container 11 is set to be greater than the hydraulic pressure within the annular liquid sac 4 when the train car is unloaded, but less than the hydraulic pressure within the annular liquid sac 4 when the train car is heavily loaded and subjected to the maximum vertical load. Furthermore, the hydraulic pressure within the liquid supply manifold 5 is equal to the maximum hydraulic pressure within the hydraulic temporary storage container 11. The requirements for this arrangement are: when the hydraulic temporary storage container 11 reaches its maximum hydraulic pressure, the liquid supply manifold 5 is unable to fill the hydraulic temporary storage container 11 with liquid. After the hydraulic temporary storage container 11 reaches its maximum hydraulic pressure, the liquid within the hydraulic temporary storage container 11 can be filled into the annular liquid sac 4 when the heavy load and / or the maximum vertical load under heavy load conditions are released.

[0064] The operating principle is as follows: after the rubber body 302 creeps, the auxiliary spring 3 descends, and the support plate 304 fixed to the top of the auxiliary spring 3 moves downward toward the upper end of the compression rod 9. In this situation, if the carriage is overloaded and encounters a maximum downward vertical load, the support plate 304 will contact and depress the compression rod 9, causing it to slide downward, overcoming the upward elastic force of the compression spring 47. The lower end of the compression rod 9 presses the button switch 801 downward, opening the button valve 8, and thus opening the input section 602 and output section 601 of the liquid supply branch pipe 6. The high-pressure liquid in the liquid supply main pipe 5 is first charged into the hydraulic temporary storage container 11 through the input section 602, the button valve 8, and the output section 6011 of the output section 601. When the overload is released and / or the maximum vertical load under the overload condition is released, the liquid in the hydraulic temporary storage container 11 is recharged into the annular liquid bladder 4.

[0065] Compared with the first embodiment, the greatest advantage of this embodiment is that it can reduce the hydraulic pressure in the liquid supply main pipe 5, thereby reducing the requirements for the liquid supply equipment.

[0066] The above embodiments are only used to more clearly describe the present invention and cannot be regarded as limiting the scope of protection covered by the present invention. Any modifications in equivalent forms should be regarded as falling within the scope of protection covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. An auxiliary spring for compensating for height drop due to creep of a rubber body in a hydraulic manner, comprising a rigid core shaft (301), a rubber body (302) vulcanized and bonded to the periphery of the core shaft (301), a metal jacket (303) vulcanized and bonded to the periphery of the rubber body, and a support plate (304) horizontally mounted on the top of the metal jacket (303), wherein a gap is provided between the core shaft (301) and the metal jacket (303), and characterized in that: The hydraulic lifting device and the pressure liquid supply system are also included. The hydraulic lifting device is arranged between the base (2) and the auxiliary spring (3), and has a hydraulic container capable of vertical extension. When the rubber body (302) creeps and descends to a set height, the pressure liquid supply system fills the hydraulic container with liquid, so that the hydraulic container stretches upward to lift the auxiliary spring (3) to compensate for the height of the auxiliary spring. The hydraulic container is a closed elastic annular liquid bag (4), which has an inner ring space (401) that communicates with each other from top to bottom. The pressure liquid supply system includes a liquid supply pipeline and a control The liquid supply pipeline comprises a liquid supply main pipe (5) and a liquid supply branch pipe (6), the liquid supply branch pipe (6) connects the hydraulic container and the liquid supply main pipe (5), and the flow control device is arranged on the liquid supply branch pipe (6) to control the opening and closing of the liquid supply branch pipe (6); the core shaft (301) is a hollow body with a space communicating with each other up and down, and has a liquid pipe channel 1 (3012) communicating with each other radially inside and outside, the flow control device is installed in the core shaft (301), and the liquid supply branch pipe (6) passes through the liquid pipe channel 1 (3012); the pressure liquid supply system also includes a hollow branch pipe (301) The support body (7) has a sleeve hole (3013) opened at the bottom along the axis of the lower part of the core shaft (301), the upper part of the hollow support body (7) is sleeved in the sleeve hole (3013) of the core shaft (301) and can slide downward from the sleeve hole (3013), the lower part of the hollow support body (7) is located in the annular space (401) of the annular liquid capsule (4), and its lower end stands on the base (2), and the hollow support body (7) is used to support and install the flow control device; the flow control device includes a button valve (8) and a trigger mechanism, and the top of the button valve (8) has a button A switch (801), wherein the trigger mechanism comprises a pressure rod (9); the hollow support body (7) comprises an upper cylindrical installation space (701), a middle installation space (702) and a lower installation space (703) which are connected to each other from top to bottom; the lower installation space (703) comprises a second liquid pipe channel (704) which passes through a side wall of the hollow support body (7) and is connected to a first liquid pipe channel (3012) of the core shaft (301); the upper portion of the core shaft (301) is provided with a pressure rod hole (3014) along the axis thereof and is connected to the upper installation space (701) of the hollow support body (7);The lower end of the pressure rod (9) is located in the upper installation space (701) of the hollow support body (7), and the upper end extends upward through the pressure rod hole (3014) of the core shaft (301) to the bottom of the support plate (304). The upper section of the button valve (8) is located in the middle installation space (702). The button switch (801) is located below the lower end of the pressure rod (9) in the upper installation space (701) and can be pressed by the downward pressure rod (9). The lower section of the button valve (8) is located in the lower installation space (703). The liquid supply branch pipe (6) is divided into an output section (601) and an output section (602). ) and the input section (602), the output section (601) and the input section (602) both pass through the liquid pipe channel 1 (3012) and the liquid pipe channel 2 (704), and are connected to the button valve (8) in the lower installation space (703); the pressure liquid supply system also includes a hydraulic temporary storage container (11) provided on the liquid supply branch pipe (6), the output section (601) of the liquid supply branch pipe (6) is divided into an output section 1 (6011) and an output section 2 (6012); the output section 1 (6011) is connected to the button valve (8) and the hydraulic temporary storage container (11) , and a one-way valve (6013) is provided on the output section (6011) to allow only one-way flow of liquid from the button valve (8) to the hydraulic temporary storage container (11); the output section (6012) is connected to the hydraulic temporary storage container (11) and the annular liquid sac (4), and a one-way valve (6014) is provided on the output section (6012) to allow only one-way flow of liquid from the hydraulic temporary storage container (11) to the annular liquid sac (4); in the cavity of the hydraulic temporary storage container (11), the lower part thereof is liquid (12) and the upper part thereof is gas (13), and the supply The communication ports of the output section 1 (6011) and the output section 2 (6012) of the output section (601) of the liquid branch pipe (6) and the hydraulic temporary storage container (11) are all located below the liquid level of the liquid (12); the maximum hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic temporary storage container (11) is set to be greater than the hydraulic pressure in the annular liquid bag (4) when the train car is unloaded and less than the hydraulic pressure in the annular liquid bag (4) when the train car is heavily loaded and encounters the maximum vertical load impact, and the hydraulic pressure in the liquid supply main pipe (5) is equal to the maximum hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic temporary storage container (11).

2. The auxiliary spring for compensating for height loss due to creep of a rubber body by hydraulic pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the middle installation space (702) is smaller than the diameters of the upper installation space (701) and the lower installation space (703), so that the side wall of the middle installation space (702) protrudes radially and centripetally to form an annular boss (705) located in the upper installation space (701); the trigger mechanism also includes a compression spring (10), which is placed on the upper end surface of the annular boss (705), and the pressure rod (9) is pressed on the compression spring (10) through a flange (901) provided on the outer periphery of the lower section.

3. The auxiliary spring for compensating for height loss due to creep of a rubber body by hydraulic pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the base (2) is provided with an annular outer wall (201) opening upward, and the outer periphery of the bottom end of the core shaft is provided with an annular inner wall (3011) opening downward, the annular inner wall (3011) is sleeved inside the annular outer wall (201), and the annular liquid capsule (4) is located in a space formed by the connection between the annular outer wall (201) and the annular inner wall (3011).

Images