A method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling and blasting, and discloses a method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting, comprising the following steps: first, selecting an installation position for a wave-blocking curtain within a certain distance range from the borehole; second, assembling a protective wall, the protective wall consisting of a connector, a water retaining plate, and a mounting plate, wherein the mounting plate is screwed with a plurality of evenly distributed curved pipes, each of which is equipped with a water-blocking mechanism; and third, producing a wave-blocking curtain on site, wherein the wave-blocking curtain is connected by steel wire ropes using a plurality of protective walls and sunk to the bottom of the water. The method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting can set energy dissipation structures of different structures according to different blasting points, and by changing the direction of the water flow caused by the underwater shock wave, the shock wave can be attenuated and energy dissipated, and the energy dissipation structure can be used multiple times.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling and blasting, and in particular to a method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting. Background Art

[0002] When underwater rock drilling and blasting is carried out in water transport and hydropower projects, the blasting energy will generate shock waves in the water body. The overpressure of the shock wave will have adverse effects on aquatic organisms and underwater buildings (structures). For example, when blasting underwater reefs or obstacles near bridge piers, docks, farms, and fish protection areas, these protected objects may be damaged. In order to reduce the impact of underwater blasting shock waves;

[0003] At present, in order to reduce the impact of underwater blasting shock waves on the water environment and buildings, the commonly used method is to adopt micro-difference blasting technology to reduce the amount of explosives used at one time to reduce underwater shock waves. However, after the amount of explosives used at one time is reduced, the blasting efficiency is reduced, resulting in slow construction speed. Secondly, by introducing high-pressure gas into the water to form a continuously rising and dense bubble curtain, the bubble curtain uses the sudden change of wave impedance between media to hinder the propagation of shock waves. However, the bubble curtain is not ideal for attenuating the low-frequency and high-frequency energy in the shock wave. At the same time, multiple high-power air compressors are required to work simultaneously during the construction process to ensure the density and energy dissipation effect of the bubble curtain. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical problems solved

[0005] In response to the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting. The method has an energy dissipation structure with different structures that can be set according to different blasting points. The method can attenuate and dissipate the energy of the shock waves by changing the direction of the water flow caused by the underwater shock waves. The energy dissipation structure can also be used multiple times. The method solves the problems in traditional blasting technology such as the need to drill and load explosives multiple times, resulting in slow construction speed, and the problem that the bubble curtain has an unsatisfactory attenuation effect on the low-frequency and high-frequency energy of the shock waves. At the same time, multiple high-power air compressors need to work simultaneously during the construction process, resulting in high equipment energy consumption.

[0006] (2) Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Determine the drilling and blasting area. After installing explosives in the underwater borehole, connect the detonation network, prepare the main detonation line, and select the drilling and blasting area within a certain distance from the borehole.

[0009] Step 2: Fence the drilling and blasting area from the outside waters; fabricate a wave-blocking curtain on-site. The wave-blocking curtain consists of multiple protective walls connected by steel ropes and sunk to the bottom of the water. The surface portions of the protective walls are connected by floats to form a closed wave-blocking curtain. The wave-blocking curtain is used to weaken underwater shock waves.

[0010] Step 3: Measure blasting data; install a high-range shock wave pressure sensor inside the wave barrier curtain and a small-range shock wave pressure sensor outside the wave barrier curtain. After installing the wave barrier curtain and shock wave pressure sensor, connect the shock wave pressure sensor signal line to the shock wave tester on the drilling rig ship, connect the detonation main line to the detonator on the drilling rig ship, and start detonation;

[0011] Step 4: Control the underwater shock wave; adjust the number of wave-blocking curtains based on the blasting data.

[0012] Preferably, in step 2, when arranging the wave-damping curtains for the horizontal drill holes located on the side wall of the foundation pit, the wave-damping curtains are bent into an arc shape, and when arranging the wave-damping curtains for the vertical drill holes located at the bottom of the foundation pit, the wave-damping curtains are cylindrical in shape, and the number of wave-damping curtains is set according to the blasting intensity.

[0013] Preferably, the protective wall in step 2 is composed of a connector, a water retaining plate and a mounting plate, wherein a plurality of evenly distributed elbows are mounted on the mounting plate by screws, and a water blocking mechanism is mounted in each of the plurality of elbows, and a plurality of sleeves are mounted on the water retaining plate by screws, and a water guiding mechanism is mounted in each of the sleeves;

[0014] A plurality of connecting plates are fixedly connected at the edges of the water baffle and the mounting plate by bolts. The plurality of connecting plates, the water baffle and the mounting plate together constitute a detachable bearing frame for filling the buffer block. The connecting parts are installed between the water baffle and the mounting plate to reinforce the bearing frame, and the plurality of connecting parts cooperate with the steel wire rope to connect adjacent bearing frames.

[0015] Preferably, the water blocking mechanism is composed of a first water blocking plate and a second water blocking plate, both of which are fixed obliquely in the bent pipe and have a plurality of evenly distributed flow guide channels. A transverse plate is fixedly connected to the pipe opening at one end of the bent pipe, and a plurality of conduits are fixedly connected to the upper end of the transverse plate, and one end of the conduit passes through the side wall of the mounting plate and is threadedly connected to the first bent pipe. A return pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the bent pipe, and one end of the return pipe passes through the side wall of the mounting plate and is threadedly connected to the second bent pipe.

[0016] A pressure relief port is provided at the bending portion of the bent pipe, and a valve plate is hingedly connected to the pressure relief port via a hinge. The bent pipe is connected to the valve plate via a limiting mechanism.

[0017] Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes a pull rope, one end of the pull rope is fixedly connected to a connecting block, and one end of the connecting block is fixedly connected to the valve plate, a pulley is provided on one side of the pull rope, and the pulley is fixed to one side of the bent pipe, the other end of the pull rope passes through the side wall of the bent pipe and is fixedly connected to a cross bar, two guide rods are fixedly connected to the rod wall of the cross bar, a fixing frame is fixedly connected inside the bent pipe, one side of the fixing frame is sleeved with the two guide rods through a guide hole, a spring is sleeved on the rod wall of the guide rod, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to a disc, and the disc is fixed to one end of the guide rod, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing frame.

[0018] Preferably, the water guide mechanism consists of a spiral plate and a rubber cap, the spiral plate is fixed in the casing, and is used to change the direction of water flow and reduce the water flow speed, the rubber cap is fixed at one end of the casing, and is used to reduce the water flow speed for a second time, a plurality of evenly distributed drainage ports are opened on the side wall of the rubber cap, and a plurality of evenly distributed pressure relief holes are provided on the tube wall of the casing.

[0019] Preferably, a square frame is fixedly connected inside the curved pipe, a plurality of evenly distributed first elastic strips are vertically fixedly connected inside the square frame, a plurality of evenly distributed second elastic strips are horizontally fixedly connected inside the frame, and the second elastic strips are located between two adjacent first elastic strips, drainage channels are opened on both opposite sides of the curved pipe, and a plurality of guide plates are provided in the drainage channels.

[0020] Preferably, the side wall of the water baffle is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed first pressure relief ports, and the side wall of the mounting plate is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed second pressure relief ports, and the first pressure relief ports and the second pressure relief ports are staggered.

[0021] (3) Beneficial effects

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention fills a buffer block in the bearing frame, uses a spiral plate in the sleeve to change the direction of the water flow, uses the rubber cap to be deformed by the impact of the water flow to achieve energy dissipation, and then uses a water-blocking mechanism installed in the elbow to change the direction of the water flow again, so that the changed water flow collides with the shock wave, thereby achieving the effect of graded and multiple energy dissipation of the shock wave, thereby improving the effect of energy dissipation of the shock wave, and the energy dissipation structure can also be used multiple times.

[0024] 2. The water-blocking mechanism provided in the present invention can fully dissipate the energy of the water body during the flow. The water body that is finally discharged flows back to between the water baffle and the mounting plate under the action of the conduit and the return pipe, and under the action of the first bent pipe and the second bent pipe, the water flow is discharged perpendicular to the water baffle and the mounting plate. The discharged water flow collides with the shock wave, thereby achieving the effect of counter-energy dissipation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a protective wall in a method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 The present invention proposes a method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting. Figure 1 Side view of

[0027] Figure 3 The present invention proposes a method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting. Figure 1 Front view of

[0028] Figure 4 The present invention proposes a method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting. Figure 1 Right view of;

[0029] Figure 5 A method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting proposed by the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle casing and rubber cap;

[0030] Figure 6 A method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting proposed by the present invention Figure 5 sectional view of

[0031] Figure 7 A method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting proposed by the present invention Figure 1 Structural diagram of the middle water blocking mechanism;

[0032] Figure 8 The present invention proposes a method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting. Figure 7 sectional view of

[0033] Figure 9 The present invention proposes a method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting. Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle valve plate and the limiting mechanism;

[0034] Figure 10 A method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting proposed by the present invention Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the middle box;

[0035] Figure 11 A method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting proposed by the present invention Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle elbow, the first water blocking plate and the second water blocking plate;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a combined structure 1 of the wave-blocking curtain in a method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 13 This is the second combined structure of the wave-blocking curtain in the underwater shock wave control method for underwater drilling and blasting proposed by the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1. mounting plate; 2. conduit; 3. transverse plate; 4. elbow; 5. valve plate; 6. connecting plate; 7. sleeve; 8. first pressure reducing port; 9. water baffle; 10. connecting piece; 11. second pressure reducing port; 12. spiral plate; 13. return pipe; 14. second bent pipe; 15. guide plate; 16. pressure relief hole; 17. rubber cap; 18. drain outlet; 19. frame; 20. first water blocking plate; 21. second water blocking plate; 22. fixing frame; 23. disc; 24. guide rod; 25. spring; 26. pull rope; 27. pulley; 28. transverse bar; 29. ​​first elastic strip; 30. second elastic strip; 31. drain channel; 32. first bent pipe; 33. pressure relief port; 34. connecting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] Refer to the attached Figure 1-13 A method for controlling underwater shock waves during underwater drilling and blasting comprises the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Select the installation location of the wave-blocking curtain within a certain distance from the drill hole;

[0043] Step 2, assemble the protective wall. The protective wall consists of a connector 10, a water retaining plate 9 and a mounting plate 1, wherein a plurality of evenly distributed elbows 4 are installed on the mounting plate 1 by screws, and a water-blocking mechanism is installed in each of the plurality of elbows 4. A plurality of sleeves 7 are installed on the water retaining plate 9 by screws, and a water-guiding mechanism is installed in the sleeve 7. The water-guiding mechanism consists of a spiral plate 12 and a rubber cap 17. The spiral plate 12 is fixed in the sleeve 7 to change the direction of water flow and reduce the water flow speed. The rubber cap 17 is fixed to one end of the sleeve 7 to reduce the water flow speed for a second time. A plurality of evenly distributed drain ports 18 are provided on the side wall of the rubber cap 17, and a plurality of evenly distributed pressure relief holes 16 are provided on the pipe wall of the sleeve 7. The edges of the water retaining plate 9 and the mounting plate 1 are fixed by bolts. There are multiple connecting plates 6 connected in a fixed manner. Multiple connecting plates 6, water baffles 9 and mounting plates 1 together constitute a detachable bearing frame for filling buffer blocks. Connectors 10 are installed between the water baffles 9 and the mounting plates 1 to reinforce the bearing frame, and multiple connectors 10 are used in conjunction with steel wire ropes to connect adjacent bearing frames. The side walls of the water baffles 9 are provided with multiple evenly distributed first pressure-reducing ports 8, and the side walls of the mounting plates 1 are provided with multiple evenly distributed second pressure-reducing ports 11. The first pressure-reducing ports 8 and the second pressure-reducing ports 11 are staggered. The first pressure-reducing ports 8 reduce the contact area between the water baffles 9 and the shock wave. The water passing through the first pressure-reducing ports 8 is blocked by the buffer blocks in the bearing frame, thereby reducing the speed of the shock wave and effectively reducing the force of the shock wave on the protective wall.

[0044] Step 3: Make wave-blocking curtains on site. The wave-blocking curtains are made of multiple protective walls connected by steel wire ropes and sunk to the bottom of the water. The surface part of the protective wall is connected by floats to form a closed wave-blocking curtain. When arranging wave-blocking curtains for horizontal boreholes on the side wall of the foundation pit, the wave-blocking curtains are curved in an arc shape. When arranging wave-blocking curtains for vertical boreholes at the bottom of the foundation pit, the wave-blocking curtains are cylindrical. The number of wave-blocking curtains is set according to the blasting intensity.

[0045] In addition, in order to measure the blasting data, a high-range shock wave pressure sensor is installed inside the wave-blocking curtain, and a small-range shock wave pressure sensor is installed outside the wave-blocking curtain. If necessary, a small-range shock wave pressure sensor is also installed near the protected object to measure the shock wave pressure values ​​inside, outside, and near the protected object of the wave-blocking curtain. After the wave-blocking curtain and shock wave pressure sensor are installed, the shock wave pressure sensor signal line is connected to the shock wave tester on the drilling rig ship, and the detonation main line is connected to the detonator on the drilling rig ship. After all warning work is completed and it is confirmed that there are no safety hazards, detonation can be started.

[0046] The present invention assembles multiple connecting plates 6, water baffles 9 and mounting plates 1 by using bolts to form a detachable bearing frame for filling buffer blocks (not shown in the figure), and then uses screws to install multiple sleeves 7 on the water baffles 9, and uses the spiral plate 12 in the sleeve 7 to change the direction of the water flow, and part of the water flow is discharged through the pressure relief hole 16. At this time, the flow direction of the water flow caused by the shock wave is changed for the first time, which has a primary energy dissipation effect on the shock wave. When the water flows through the rubber cap 17, the rubber cap 17 is deformed by the impact of the water flow, and the flowing water is discharged through the drain port 18, thereby changing the direction of the water flow for the second time, which has a primary energy dissipation effect on the shock wave. It has the effect of secondary energy dissipation. In order to increase the energy dissipation effect of the shock wave in the water again, the elbow 4 is installed on the mounting plate 1 using screws, and the water-blocking mechanism installed in the elbow 4 is used to change the direction of the water flow again, so that the water flow after the change of direction collides with the shock wave, thereby hindering the propagation of the shock wave and achieving the effect of third energy dissipation. Secondly, the first pressure reducing port 8 provided on the water baffle 9 can reduce the contact area between the water baffle 9 and the shock wave, and the water passing through the first pressure reducing port 8 is blocked by the buffer block in the bearing frame, thereby achieving the effect of energy dissipation of the shock wave again, and can prevent the shock wave from damaging the wave-blocking curtain composed of the protective wall.

[0047] Example 2: Based on Example 1, the difference is that;

[0048] Refer to the attached Figure 7-11 The water blocking mechanism provided in step 2 is composed of a first water blocking plate 20 and a second water blocking plate 21. The first water blocking plate 20 and the second water blocking plate 21 are both fixed obliquely in the elbow 4 and have multiple evenly distributed diversion channels. A horizontal plate 3 is fixedly connected to the mouth of one end of the elbow 4. A plurality of conduits 2 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the horizontal plate 3. One end of the conduit 2 passes through the side wall of the mounting plate 1 and is threadedly connected to the first bent tube 32. A return pipe 13 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the elbow 4. One end of the return pipe 13 passes through the side wall of the mounting plate 1 and is threadedly connected to the second bent tube 14.

[0049] A pressure relief port 33 is provided at the bend of the elbow 4, and a valve plate 5 is hingedly connected to the pressure relief port 33 via a hinge. The elbow 4 is connected to the valve plate 5 via a limiting mechanism. A square frame 19 is fixedly connected to the elbow 4. A plurality of evenly distributed first elastic strips 29 are vertically fixedly connected to the square frame 19. A plurality of evenly distributed second elastic strips 30 are laterally fixedly connected to the frame 19, and the second elastic strips 30 are located between two adjacent first elastic strips 29. Drainage channels 31 are provided on opposite sides of the elbow 4, and a plurality of guide plates 15 are provided in the drainage channel 31.

[0050] The limiting mechanism includes a pull rope 26, one end of the pull rope 26 is fixedly connected to a connecting block 34, and one end of the connecting block 34 is fixedly connected to the valve plate 5, a pulley 27 is provided on one side of the pull rope 26, and the pulley 27 is fixed to one side of the curved pipe 4, the other end of the pull rope 26 passes through the side wall of the curved pipe 4 and is fixedly connected to a cross bar 28, two guide rods 24 are fixedly connected to the rod wall of the cross bar 28, a fixing frame 22 is fixedly connected inside the curved pipe 4, one side of the fixing frame 22 is sleeved with the two guide rods 24 through a guide hole, a spring 25 is sleeved on the rod wall of the guide rod 24, one end of the spring 25 is fixedly connected to a disc 23, and the disc 23 is fixed to one end of the guide rod 24, and the other end of the spring 25 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing frame 22.

[0051] The water-blocking mechanism provided in the present invention, when in use, when the water flow caused by the shock wave enters the curved pipe 4, the first elastic strip 29 and the second elastic strip 30 provided in the curved pipe 4 can dissipate the energy of the shock wave for the first time. At this time, part of the water flow that is blocked and decelerated is discharged through the drainage channel 31, and the other part passes through the gap between the first elastic strip 29 and the second elastic strip 30 and passes through the guide channel on the first water-blocking plate 20 and the second water-blocking plate 21. The inclined guide channel dissipates the energy and decelerates the water flow again, and then the water body flows back to between the water-blocking plate 9 and the mounting plate 1 through the conduit 2 and the return pipe 13. And under the action of the first bent tube 32 and the second bent tube 14, the water flow is discharged perpendicular to the water baffle 9 and the mounting plate 1, thereby being able to offset the shock wave and realize the effect of energy dissipation, and the water body is fully energy-dissipated during the flow, and when the water body flows too fast, the valve plate 5 arranged on the bent pipe 4 is forced to pull the pull rope 26, and the pull rope 26 is forced to pull the cross rod 28 to force the guide rod 24, and the guide rod 24 is forced to drive the disc 23 to squeeze the spring 25, thereby causing a gap to appear at the valve plate 5 and the pressure relief port 33 on the bent pipe 4, discharging excess water pressure, thereby reducing the impact force of the water flow on the water blocking mechanism.

[0052] It should be noted that the term "comprises" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0053] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Determine the drilling and blasting area. After installing explosives in the underwater borehole, connect the detonation network, prepare the main detonation line, and select the drilling and blasting area within a certain distance from the borehole. Step 2: Fence the drilling and blasting area from the outside waters; fabricate a wave-blocking curtain on-site. The wave-blocking curtain consists of multiple protective walls connected by steel ropes and sunk to the bottom of the water. The surface portions of the protective walls are connected by floats to form a closed wave-blocking curtain. The wave-blocking curtain is used to weaken underwater shock waves. Step 3: Measure blasting data; install a high-range shock wave pressure sensor inside the wave barrier curtain and a small-range shock wave pressure sensor outside the wave barrier curtain. After installing the wave barrier curtain and shock wave pressure sensor, connect the shock wave pressure sensor signal line to the shock wave tester on the drilling rig ship, connect the detonation main line to the detonator on the drilling rig ship, and start detonation; Step 4: Control the underwater shock wave; adjust the number of wave-blocking curtains according to the blasting data; The protective wall in step 2 is composed of a connecting piece (10), a water retaining plate (9) and a mounting plate (1), wherein a plurality of evenly distributed curved pipes (4) are mounted on the mounting plate (1) by screws, and a water blocking mechanism is mounted in each of the plurality of curved pipes (4), the water blocking mechanism being composed of a first water blocking plate (20) and a second water blocking plate (21), the first water blocking plate (20) and the second water blocking plate (21) being fixed obliquely in the curved pipe (4) and having a plurality of evenly distributed diversion channels, a transverse plate (3) being fixedly connected to the pipe opening at one end of the curved pipe (4), The upper end of the horizontal plate (3) is fixedly connected to a plurality of conduits (2), and one end of the conduit (2) passes through the side wall of the mounting plate (1) and is threadedly connected to a first bent tube (32). The side wall of the bent tube (4) is fixedly connected to a return tube (13), and one end of the return tube (13) passes through the side wall of the mounting plate (1) and is threadedly connected to a second bent tube (14). A pressure relief port (33) is provided at the bend of the bent tube (4), and a valve plate (5) is hinged to the pressure relief port (33) via a hinge. The bent tube (4) is connected to the valve plate (5) via a limiting mechanism. A plurality of sleeves (7) are mounted on the water baffle (9) by screws, and a water guide mechanism is mounted in the sleeves (7). A plurality of connecting plates (6) are fixedly connected at the edges of the water baffle (9) and the mounting plate (1) by bolts. The plurality of connecting plates (6), the water baffle (9) and the mounting plate (1) together form a detachable bearing frame for filling a buffer block. The connecting member (10) is mounted between the water baffle (9) and the mounting plate (1) to reinforce the bearing frame, and the plurality of connecting members (10) cooperate with a steel wire rope to connect adjacent bearing frames.

2. The method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting according to claim 1, wherein: In the step 2, when arranging the wave-blocking curtains for the horizontal drill holes located on the side wall of the foundation pit, the wave-blocking curtains are curved into an arc shape, and when arranging the wave-blocking curtains for the vertical drill holes located at the bottom of the foundation pit, the wave-blocking curtains are cylindrical. The number of wave-blocking curtains is set according to the blasting intensity.

3. The method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism includes a pull rope (26), one end of the pull rope (26) is fixedly connected to a connecting block (34), and one end of the connecting block (34) is fixedly connected to the valve plate (5), one side of the pull rope (26) is provided with a pulley (27), and the pulley (27) is fixed to one side of the curved pipe (4), the other end of the pull rope (26) passes through the side wall of the curved pipe (4) and is fixedly connected to a cross bar (28), and two guide rods (24) are fixedly connected to the rod wall of the cross bar (28), and a fixing frame (22) is fixedly connected inside the curved pipe (4), one side of the fixing frame (22) is sleeved with the two guide rods (24) through a guide hole, and a spring (25) is sleeved on the rod wall of the guide rod (24), one end of the spring (25) is fixedly connected to a disc (23), and the disc (23) is fixed to one end of the guide rod (24), and the other end of the spring (25) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing frame (22).

4. The method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting according to claim 1, wherein: The water guide mechanism consists of a spiral plate (12) and a rubber cap (17). The spiral plate (12) is fixed in the sleeve (7) and is used to change the direction of water flow and reduce the water flow speed. The rubber cap (17) is fixed at one end of the sleeve (7) and is used to reduce the water flow speed for a second time. A plurality of evenly distributed drainage ports (18) are provided on the side wall of the rubber cap (17). A plurality of evenly distributed pressure relief holes (16) are provided on the pipe wall of the sleeve (7).

5. The method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting according to claim 1, wherein: A square frame (19) is fixedly connected inside the curved pipe (4), a plurality of evenly distributed first elastic strips (29) are vertically fixedly connected inside the square frame (19), a plurality of evenly distributed second elastic strips (30) are horizontally fixedly connected inside the square frame (19), and the second elastic strips (30) are located between two adjacent first elastic strips (29), drainage channels (31) are provided on opposite sides of the curved pipe (4), and a plurality of guide plates (15) are provided in the drainage channels (31).

6. The method for controlling underwater shock waves in underwater drilling and blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the water retaining plate (9) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed first pressure relief ports (8), and the side wall of the mounting plate (1) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed second pressure relief ports (11), wherein the first pressure relief ports (8) and the second pressure relief ports (11) are arranged in an alternating manner.

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