A model test device for simulating the formation of water inrush channel in working face fault

Abstract

The present invention provides a model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel of a fault on a working face, the model test device comprising: a test box, a top plate and a bottom plate are arranged in the test box; a fault splint system, the fault splint system is arranged between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the fault splint system is used to form a simulated fault; the fault splint system comprises a plurality of splints, and the thickness of the simulated fault is controlled by selecting the number of splints to be used; two adjacent splints are plugged and connected to each other, each splint is provided with a dovetail groove and a dovetail block extending in the vertical length direction, the dovetail groove and the dovetail block are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the splint; the dovetail block on one splint is inserted into the dovetail groove of the adjacent splint. The thickness and inclination angle of the fault splint system in the model test device can be adjusted, and can be applied to the research of fault simulation with different inclination angles and different thicknesses; and the cost is low and it can be reused.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of underground engineering geological disaster model tests, and in particular relates to a model test device for simulating the formation of a fault water inrush channel on a working face. Background Art

[0002] The problem of water inrush from the roof and floor has always been one of the major problems that plague the safe and efficient production of coal mines. Especially as coal mining gradually develops deeper, the geological conditions become more and more complex, and the development of faults leads to more and more accumulated variable properties in the underground rock mass. The threat of high-pressure water from the aquifers on the roof and floor of the coal seam is becoming increasingly serious, greatly increasing the difficulty of coal pillar mining in the working face and the danger of miners' work. It is difficult to effectively guide on-site construction under complex geological conditions using theoretical analysis. Therefore, a model test is urgently needed for effective analysis.

[0003] At present, in view of the phenomenon that coal pillar mining under roof or floor aquifer conditions faces many difficulties, most of the existing model test devices have the following common problems: First, the fault inclination and thickness are fixed, and it is difficult to adjust them flexibly; Second, the roof and floor aquifers are not combined, and only the coal pillar mining under the roof aquifer or floor aquifer conditions can be studied separately.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved technical solution to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel in a working face fault, so as to at least solve the problems that the inclination and thickness of the fault are fixed and difficult to adjust flexibly.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel in a working face fault, the model test device comprising:

[0008] A test box body, wherein a top plate and a bottom plate are arranged in the test box body;

[0009] A fault splint system, the fault splint system is arranged between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the fault splint system is used to form a simulated fault;

[0010] The fault splint system includes a plurality of splints, and the thickness of the simulated fault is controlled by selecting the number of splints to be used;

[0011] Two adjacent clamps are plugged into each other, and each clamp is provided with a dovetail groove and a dovetail block extending along the vertical length direction, and the dovetail groove and the dovetail block are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the clamp; the dovetail block on one clamp is inserted into the dovetail groove of the adjacent clamp.

[0012] The model test device simulating the formation of a water inrush channel on a working face fault as described above preferably has a plurality of pre-stored splints arranged in parallel along the thickness direction of the fault at the upper and lower parts of the splints, and the pre-stored splints are elastically connected to the splints in the vertical length direction of the splints, so that the pre-stored splints can always be in contact with the top plate and the bottom plate when the fault inclination changes.

[0013] As described above, the model test device simulating the formation of a water inrush channel on a working face fault, preferably, has a plurality of springs compressed between the pre-stored splints and the splints, and fixed rings are fixed at corresponding positions of the pre-stored splints and the splints, and the two ends of the springs are respectively connected to the pre-stored splints and the fixed rings on the splints; under the action of the elastic force of the compressed springs, the pre-stored splints at the upper part of the splints are pushed to contact with the top plate, and the pre-stored splints at the lower part of the splints are pushed to contact with the bottom plate.

[0014] As described above, in the model test device simulating the formation of a water inrush channel on a working face fault, preferably, limit plates are fixed on both sides of the splint in the width direction of the splint, and the limit plates are used to stop and limit the pre-stored splints at the upper and lower parts of the splint to ensure that the pre-stored splints are always parallel to the splint.

[0015] The model test device simulating the formation of a water inrush channel on a working face fault as described above is preferably provided with a rail groove extending in the left-right direction on both the top plate and the bottom plate, a plurality of fixed pulleys are installed in the rail groove in the left-right direction, the top of the upper pre-stored splint contacts the fixed pulley in the rail groove on the top plate, and the bottom of the lower pre-stored splint contacts the fixed pulley in the rail groove on the bottom plate.

[0016] The model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel on a working face fault as described above, preferably, the model test device also includes two sets of stranded wire retracting and releasing devices, the stranded wire retracting and releasing devices are used to adjust the inclination angle of the fault;

[0017] Two sets of twisted wire retracting and releasing devices are integrated on the top plate and the bottom plate respectively. The twisted wire retracting and releasing device on the top plate is used to control the left and right displacement of the top of the clamping plate, and the twisted wire retracting and releasing device on the bottom plate is used to control the left and right displacement of the bottom of the clamping plate;

[0018] The stranded wire retracting and releasing device includes multiple stranded wires, a stranded wire integrated box and a valve. The multiple stranded wires are connected to the top or bottom of a splint. The multiple stranded wires are gathered into a main wire through the stranded wire integrated box. The main wire is wound around the valve. The lengthening and shortening of the stranded wires can be controlled by turning the valve, so that the stranded wires pull one end of the splint to cause displacement movement.

[0019] In the model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel in a fault of a working face as described above, preferably, the valve is a spiral valve, and the main line is wound around the spiral valve;

[0020] A reserved hole is arranged on the test box, the spiral valve is installed on the outside of the test box corresponding to the reserved hole, and the stranded wire integrated box is installed on the inside of the test box corresponding to the reserved hole.

[0021] The model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel at a working face fault as described above is preferably provided with an upper pressure water tank above the top plate, wherein the upper pressure water tank contains pressurized water.

[0022] The model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel at a working face fault as described above is preferably provided with a lower pressure water tank below the bottom plate, wherein the lower pressure water tank contains pressurized water.

[0023] The model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel on a working face fault as described above, preferably, the model test device also includes a water pressure loading system, the water pressure loading system includes an adjustable pressure pump, a pressure gauge, a water pipe and a water tank;

[0024] The upper pressure water tank and the lower pressure water tank are connected to the adjustable pressure pump in the water tank through water pipes, and the pressure of water in the upper pressure water tank and the lower pressure water tank is adjusted by the adjustable pressure pump; the upper pressure water tank and the lower pressure water tank are both provided with pressure gauges, and the pressure gauges extend out of the test box for easy observation.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The thickness and inclination of the fault splint system in the model test device can be adjusted, and it can be applied to the study of fault simulations with different inclinations and thicknesses; it is low-cost and reusable. The model test device is equipped with pressure water tanks above the roof and below the floor, realizing the combined roof and floor aquifer conditions, and can simultaneously study the coal pillar mining under the condition of the coexistence of the roof aquifer and the floor aquifer. By adding tracer pigments to the water and observing the location of the water inrush channel, a simulation study of coal pillar mining with high accuracy and waterproofing is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. Among them:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a model test device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fault in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. clamping plate; 2. twisted wire; 3. valve; 4. test box; 5. upper pressure water tank; 6. lower pressure water tank; 7. pressure gauge; 8. water tank; 9. adjustable pressure pump; 10. top plate; 20. bottom plate; 11. pre-stored clamping plate; 12. limit plate; 13. spring; 14. fixed ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can be fixed connections or detachable connections; they can be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0033] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides a model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel of a working face fault, the model test device comprising: a test box 4, a top plate 10 and a bottom plate 20 are arranged in the test box 4; a fault splint 1 system, the fault splint 1 system is arranged between the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 20, and the fault splint 1 system is used to form a simulated fault; the fault splint 1 system comprises a plurality of splints 1, and the thickness of the simulated fault is controlled by selecting the number of splints 1 to be used; two adjacent splints 1 are plug-connected with each other, each splint 1 is provided with a dovetail groove and a dovetail block extending along the vertical length direction, and the dovetail groove and the dovetail block are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the splint 1; the dovetail block on one splint 1 is inserted into the dovetail groove of the adjacent splint 1.

[0034] Thus, two adjacent clamping plates 1 are plugged together, and the corresponding number of clamping plates 1 is selected according to the required fault thickness, so that faults of different thicknesses can be set according to the needs, thereby facilitating the study of faults of different thicknesses. Moreover, the adjacent clamping plates 1 in the present application can slide relative to each other along the vertical length direction, and then when the overall angle of the fault changes, the adjacent clamping plates 1 can slide relative to each other to make the entire simulated fault closer to a parallelogram, and such a setting can also make it easier to adjust the inclination of the fault.

[0035] A plurality of pre-stored splints 11 are arranged in parallel along the thickness direction of the fault at the upper and lower parts of the splint 1. The pre-stored splints 11 are elastically connected to the splint 1 in the vertical length direction of the splint 1 so that the pre-stored splints 11 can always be in contact with the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 20 when the fault inclination changes.

[0036] Providing multiple pre-stored splints 11 is similar to differentiating the pre-stored splints 11 into multiple small units. Such a configuration can facilitate the simulation of the fault when the inclination angle changes, and the multiple pre-stored splints 11 are in closer contact with the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 20. In this embodiment, the splints 1 and the pre-stored splints 11 are both made of high-strength acrylic plates.

[0037] A plurality of springs 13 are compressed between the pre-stored splint 11 and the splint 1, and fixed rings 14 are fixed at corresponding positions of the pre-stored splint 11 and the splint 1, and both ends of the spring 13 are respectively connected to the fixed rings 14 on the pre-stored splint 11 and the splint 1; under the elastic force of the compressed spring 13, the pre-stored splint 11 on the upper part of the splint 1 is pushed to contact with the top plate 10, and the pre-stored splint 11 on the lower part of the splint 1 is pushed to contact with the bottom plate 20.

[0038] By arranging a compression spring 13 between the pre-stored clamping plate 11 and the clamping plate 1 , the compression spring 13 pushes the pre-stored clamping plate 11 upward or downward, so that the simulated fault can better contact with the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 20 .

[0039] In the width direction of the splint 1 , limit plates 12 are fixed on both sides of the splint 1 , and the limit plates 12 are used to stop and limit the pre-stored splints 11 at the upper and lower parts of the splint 1 to ensure that the pre-stored splints 11 are always parallel to the splint 1 .

[0040] When the inclination angle of the simulated fault changes, the angle of the pre-stored clamp 11 changes accordingly. Due to the existence of the limit plate 12, it can be ensured that the pre-stored clamp 11 will not tip over under the action of gravity, thereby ensuring that the simulated fault stably forms a parallelogram structure and ensuring that the top and bottom of the simulated fault are in contact with the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 20 respectively.

[0041] In this embodiment, the length of the limit plate 12 is less than or equal to the vertical distance between the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 20, that is, the maximum length of the limit plate 12 is the vertical distance between the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 20. Such a setting ensures that when the fault splint 1 system is at a 90-degree angle in the horizontal direction, the limit plate 12 will not interfere with the top plate 10 or the bottom plate 20; at the same time, the length of the splint 1 plus the length of the two pre-stored splints 11 is less than the vertical distance between the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 20. By arranging a compressed spring 13 between the splint 1 and the pre-stored splint 11, the upper pre-stored splint 11 is pushed to contact with the top plate 10, and the lower pre-stored splint 11 is pushed to contact with the bottom plate 20.

[0042] A rail groove extending in the left-right direction is provided on both the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 20, and a plurality of fixed pulleys are installed in the rail groove in the left-right direction. The top of the upper pre-stored splint 11 contacts the fixed pulley in the rail groove on the top plate 10, and the bottom of the lower pre-stored splint 11 contacts the fixed pulley in the rail groove on the bottom plate 20.

[0043] By the contact between the pre-stored splint 11 and the fixed pulley, the pre-stored splint 11 can slide relative to the fixed pulley, thereby facilitating the fault splint 1 system to tilt at an angle between the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 20, thereby achieving the adjustment of the simulated fault dip angle.

[0044] The model test device also includes two sets of stranded wire 2 retracting and releasing devices, which are used to adjust the inclination of the fault; the two sets of stranded wire 2 retracting and releasing devices are respectively integrated on the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 20, the stranded wire 2 retracting and releasing devices on the top plate 10 are used to control the left and right displacement of the top of the splint 1, and the stranded wire 2 retracting and releasing devices on the bottom plate 20 are used to control the left and right displacement of the bottom of the splint 1; the stranded wire 2 retracting and releasing devices include multiple stranded wires 2, a stranded wire 2 integrated box and a valve 3, multiple stranded wires 2 are connected to the top or bottom of the splint 1, multiple stranded wires 2 are gathered into a main line through the stranded wire 2 integrated box, the main line is wound around the valve 3, and the extension and shortening of the stranded wire 2 can be controlled by turning the valve 3, so that the stranded wire 2 pulls one end of the splint 1 to cause displacement movement.

[0045] In this embodiment, the stranded wire 2 is connected to the first clamping plate 1, and the inclination of the entire fault clamping plate 1 system can be controlled by controlling the inclination of only one clamping plate 1.

[0046] The valve 3 is a spiral valve 3, and the main line is wound around the spiral valve 3; a reserved hole is provided on the test box 4, the spiral valve 3 is installed outside the test box 4 corresponding to the reserved hole, and the stranded wire 2 integrated box is installed inside the test box 4 corresponding to the reserved hole.

[0047] By rotating the valve 3 , the main line can be wound around the valve 3 or released from the valve 3 ; such operation is relatively simple and convenient, and can ensure the stable displacement of the splint 1 .

[0048] An upper pressure water tank 5 is provided above the top plate 10 , and the upper pressure water tank 5 contains pressurized water.

[0049] A lower pressure water tank 6 is provided below the bottom plate 20 , and the lower pressure water tank 6 contains pressurized water.

[0050] In this embodiment, the upper pressure-bearing water tank 5 and the lower pressure-bearing water tank 6 are both made of steel plates, and can be detachably mounted on the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 20 .

[0051] The model test device also includes a water pressure loading system, which includes an adjustable pressure pump 9, a pressure gauge 7, a water pipe and a water tank 8; the upper pressure water tank 5 and the lower pressure water tank 6 are connected to the adjustable pressure pump 9 in the water tank 8 through a water pipe, and the pressure of the water in the upper pressure water tank 5 and the lower pressure water tank 6 is adjusted by the adjustable pressure pump 9; the upper pressure water tank 5 and the lower pressure water tank 6 are both provided with a pressure gauge 7, and the pressure gauge 7 extends out of the test box 4 for easy observation.

[0052] In this embodiment, a proper amount of tracer pigment is filled in the water tank 8 to observe the specific position of the water inrush channel. The test box 4 is made of transparent tempered glass, so as to facilitate the observation of the water inrush situation.

[0053] When the model test device is used, one or more clamping plates 1 can be selected and plugged together according to the required thickness of the fault, so that the model test device can realize simulation experiments on faults of different thicknesses.

[0054] When the fault needs to be set at different inclination angles, the length of the stranded wire 2 connecting the top or bottom of the splint 1 can be adjusted by rotating the valve 3 at the top or bottom of the test box 4, so that the fault splint 1 system can present different inclination angles, allowing the model test device to realize simulation experiments on faults with different inclination angles.

[0055] The pressure water tank above the top plate 10 can penetrate water downward, and the pressure water tank below the bottom plate 20 can penetrate water upward. Since the two pressure water tanks are connected to the adjustable pressure pump 9, the water pressure in the pressure water tank can be adjusted by the adjustable pressure pump 9 to realize the simulation process of the formation of the water inrush channel of the working face fault under different water pressures; and by tracing pigments in the water, the formation process of the water inrush channel can be intuitively seen outside the transparent test box 4.

[0056] In summary, in the technical solution of a model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel on a working face fault provided by the present invention, the thickness and inclination of the fault clamp system can be adjusted, and can be applied to the study of fault simulations with different inclinations and thicknesses; and it is low-cost and reusable. This model test device is provided with pressure water tanks above the roof and below the bottom plate, realizing the combined roof and bottom aquifer conditions, and can simultaneously study the coal pillar mining under the condition of the coexistence of the roof aquifer and the bottom aquifer. By adding tracer pigments to the water and observing the location of the water inrush channel formation, a simulation study of coal pillar mining with high accuracy and water resistance is achieved.

[0057] It should be understood that the above description is merely exemplary and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the pending claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel in a working face fault, characterized in that: The model test device comprises: A test box body, wherein a top plate and a bottom plate are arranged in the test box body; A fault splint system, the fault splint system is arranged between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the fault splint system is used to form a simulated fault; The fault splint system includes a plurality of splints, and the thickness of the simulated fault is controlled by selecting the number of splints to be used; Two adjacent splints are plugged into each other, and each splint is provided with a dovetail groove and a dovetail block extending in the vertical length direction, and the dovetail groove and the dovetail block are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the splint; the dovetail block on one splint is inserted into the dovetail groove of the adjacent splint, and a plurality of pre-stored splints are arranged in parallel at the upper and lower parts of the splint along the thickness direction of the fault, and the pre-stored splints are elastically connected to the splint in the vertical length direction of the splint, so that when the inclination angle of the fault changes, the pre-stored splint can always be in contact with the top plate and the bottom plate, and when the pre-stored splint and the splint are connected There are multiple springs pressed between the plates, and fixed rings are fixed at the corresponding positions of the pre-stored splints and the splints, and the two ends of the springs are respectively connected to the fixed rings on the pre-stored splints and the splints; under the action of the elastic force of the compressed springs, the pre-stored splints at the upper part of the splints are pushed to contact with the top plate, and the pre-stored splints at the lower part of the splints are pushed to contact with the bottom plate, and in the width direction of the splints, limit plates are fixed on both sides of the splints, and the limit plates are used to stop and limit the pre-stored splints at the upper and lower parts of the splints to ensure that the pre-stored splints are always parallel to the splints.

2. The model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel in a working face fault according to claim 1, characterized in that: Rail grooves extending in the left-right direction are provided on both the top plate and the bottom plate, and a plurality of fixed pulleys are installed in the rail grooves in the left-right direction. The top of the upper pre-stored splint contacts the fixed pulleys in the rail groove on the top plate, and the bottom of the lower pre-stored splint contacts the fixed pulleys in the rail groove on the bottom plate.

3. The model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel in a working face fault according to claim 2, characterized in that: The model test device also includes two sets of stranded wire retracting and releasing devices, and the stranded wire retracting and releasing devices are used to adjust the inclination angle of the fault; Two sets of twisted wire retracting and releasing devices are integrated on the top plate and the bottom plate respectively. The twisted wire retracting and releasing device on the top plate is used to control the left and right displacement of the top of the clamping plate, and the twisted wire retracting and releasing device on the bottom plate is used to control the left and right displacement of the bottom of the clamping plate; The stranded wire retracting and releasing device includes multiple stranded wires, a stranded wire integrated box and a valve. The multiple stranded wires are connected to the top or bottom of a splint. The multiple stranded wires are gathered into a main wire through the stranded wire integrated box. The main wire is wound around the valve. The lengthening and shortening of the stranded wires can be controlled by turning the valve, so that the stranded wires pull one end of the splint to cause displacement movement.

4. The model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel in a working face fault according to claim 3, characterized in that: The valve is a spiral valve, and the main line is wound around the spiral valve; A reserved hole is arranged on the test box, the spiral valve is installed on the outside of the test box corresponding to the reserved hole, and the stranded wire integrated box is installed on the inside of the test box corresponding to the reserved hole.

5. The model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel in a working face fault according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper pressure water tank is arranged above the top plate, and pressurized water is contained in the upper pressure water tank.

6. The model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel in a working face fault according to claim 5, characterized in that: A lower pressure water tank is arranged below the bottom plate, and pressurized water is contained in the lower pressure water tank.

7. The model test device for simulating the formation of a water inrush channel in a working face fault according to claim 6, characterized in that: The model test device also includes a water pressure loading system, which includes an adjustable pressure pump, a pressure gauge, a water pipe and a water tank; The upper pressure water tank and the lower pressure water tank are connected to the adjustable pressure pump in the water tank through water pipes, and the pressure of water in the upper pressure water tank and the lower pressure water tank is adjusted by the adjustable pressure pump; the upper pressure water tank and the lower pressure water tank are both provided with pressure gauges, and the pressure gauges extend out of the test box for easy observation.

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