Hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle hydrogen consumption and engine efficiency testing device and method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of new energy technology and proposes a device and method for testing hydrogen consumption and engine working efficiency of a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle. The device collects water and hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction during the operation of the fuel cell through a water collecting tank and a hydrogen collecting device; the mass of the water and the hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction is obtained by a weighing method; the mass of the hydrogen that participates in the chemical reaction is calculated based on the mass of the water; the hydrogen consumption is obtained by summing the mass of the hydrogen that participates in the chemical reaction and the mass of the hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction; at the same time, the engine working efficiency can be calculated based on the mass of the hydrogen that participates in the chemical reaction and the hydrogen consumption; the method of connecting an external hydrogen storage tank is avoided, the workload of the tester is reduced, and the problem of connecting high-precision electrical energy analysis equipment when testing the working efficiency of the fuel cell engine is avoided, thereby improving the test efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of new energy technology, and in particular relates to a device and method for testing hydrogen consumption and engine operating efficiency of a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells are a new generation of green energy power systems. The only energy produced by a hydrogen fuel cell engine, aside from the electrical energy required for the vehicle, is heat and water, helping to address energy crises and environmental pollution. With technological advancements, hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicles have gradually achieved mass production. However, due to the cost pressures associated with hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and refueling, hydrogen consumption and engine efficiency in hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicles have become a topic of concern for both automakers and their customers.

[0003] The inventors discovered that according to the current standards for measuring hydrogen consumption in fuel cell electric vehicles, there are currently three main methods for testing hydrogen consumption in commercial fuel cell vehicles: the pressure-temperature method, the mass analysis method, and the flow method. All three of these testing methods use external hydrogen storage tanks to achieve hydrogen supply and hydrogen consumption measurement during the test, which creates additional workload for testers. Furthermore, if the fuel cell engine's efficiency needs to be tested, high-precision electrical energy analysis equipment must also be connected, which reduces the test efficiency to a certain extent. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a device and method for testing hydrogen consumption and engine operating efficiency of hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicles. The hydrogen consumption test of a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle on a rotating drum or a fuel cell engine on a test bench can collect the generated water and hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction by full or partial collection. The hydrogen consumption during the collection time and the hydrogen utilization rate of the fuel cell engine can be obtained by weighing and a simple calculation formula, which can improve work efficiency and reduce safety hazards.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a device for testing hydrogen consumption and engine efficiency of a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle hydrogen consumption and engine efficiency testing device, comprising:

[0007] Tail exhaust collection pipe;

[0008] A water collecting tank is provided on the lower side of the tail discharge collecting pipe near one end of the collecting port; a drip pipe is connected between the water collecting tank and the tail discharge collecting pipe;

[0009] A pipeline dryer is provided at one end of the tail discharge collection pipeline away from the collection port;

[0010] The hydrogen collecting device is connected to the exhaust port of the tail exhaust collecting pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the tail exhaust collection pipe collection port is connected to the tail exhaust pipe of a fuel cell engine or a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle.

[0012] Furthermore, a first pressure sensor is provided at one end of the tail exhaust collection pipe close to the collection port, and a second pressure sensor is provided close to the pipeline dryer.

[0013] Furthermore, the tail discharge collection pipe includes a first horizontal section close to one end of the collection port, a vertical section connected to the first horizontal section, and a second horizontal section connected to the vertical section;

[0014] The first horizontal section and the vertical section are both provided with drip pipes connected to the water collecting tank.

[0015] Furthermore, an inverted funnel structure is provided on the vertical section, and a drip pipe is connected between the inverted funnel structure and the water collecting tank.

[0016] Furthermore, an air pump is provided at one end of the tail exhaust collection pipe close to the pipeline dryer.

[0017] Furthermore, the tail exhaust collection pipe, the water collecting tank, the pipeline dryer and the hydrogen collection device are all configured as separately disassembly structures.

[0018] Furthermore, the top of the hydrogen collection device is an open structure.

[0019] In order to achieve the above objectives, in a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for testing hydrogen consumption and engine efficiency of a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0020] A method for testing hydrogen consumption and engine operating efficiency of a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle adopts the hydrogen consumption and engine operating efficiency testing device for a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle as described in the first aspect, comprising: collecting water and hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction generated during the operation of the fuel cell through a water collecting tank and a hydrogen collection device; obtaining the mass of the water and the hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction by weighing; calculating the mass of the hydrogen that participates in the chemical reaction based on the mass of the water; and obtaining the hydrogen consumption by summing the mass of the hydrogen that participates in the chemical reaction and the mass of the hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction.

[0021] Furthermore, the engine efficiency is calculated based on the mass of hydrogen involved in the chemical reaction and the hydrogen consumption.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] In the present invention, on the basis of providing a tail exhaust collection pipe that can be connected to the tail exhaust pipe of a fuel cell engine or a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle, water generated during the operation of the fuel cell and hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction are collected through a water collecting tank and a hydrogen collection device; the masses of water and hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction are obtained by weighing; the mass of hydrogen participating in the chemical reaction is calculated based on the mass of water; the hydrogen consumption can be obtained by the sum of the mass of hydrogen participating in the chemical reaction and the mass of hydrogen not participating in the chemical reaction; at the same time, the engine operating efficiency can be calculated based on the mass of hydrogen participating in the chemical reaction and the hydrogen consumption; the method of connecting an external hydrogen storage tank is avoided, the workload of the tester is reduced, and the problem of connecting high-precision electrical energy analysis equipment when testing the operating efficiency of the fuel cell engine is avoided, thereby improving the test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings constituting a part of the specification of this embodiment are used to provide a further understanding of this embodiment. The schematic embodiments and descriptions of this embodiment are used to explain this embodiment and do not constitute an improper limitation on this embodiment.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Among them, 1. Fuel cell engine or hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle; 2. First pressure sensor; 3. Tail exhaust collection pipe; 4. Water collecting tank; 5. Central controller; 6. Air pump; 7. Second pressure sensor; 8. Pipeline dryer; 9. Hydrogen collection device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0029] Example 1:

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a hydrogen consumption and engine efficiency testing device for a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle, including a fuel cell engine or vehicle 1, a first pressure sensor 2, a tail exhaust collection pipe 3, a water collection tank 4, a central controller 5, an air pump 6, a second pressure sensor 7, a pipe dryer 8, and a hydrogen collection device 9;

[0031] In order to solve the problem that the traditional test method requires an external hydrogen storage tank and needs to be connected to a high-precision electric energy analysis device, in this embodiment, the water collecting tank 4 is arranged on the lower side of the tail discharge collecting pipe 3 near the collecting port; a drip pipe is connected between the water collecting tank 4 and the tail discharge collecting pipe 3; the pipeline dryer 8 is arranged at the end of the tail discharge collecting pipe 3 away from the collecting port, and is used to collect liquid water or water vapor not collected by the water collecting tank 4; the hydrogen collecting device 9 is connected to the exhaust port of the tail discharge collecting pipe 3, and a high hydrogen absorption organic compound hydrogen storage material or hydrogen storage alloy can be set in the hydrogen collecting device 9 to take advantage of It uses its hydrogen absorption properties to collect hydrogen that has not fully participated in the reaction. In some embodiments, the hydrogen collection device 9 can be implemented by conventional technology, which will not be described in detail here; the collection port of the tail exhaust collection pipe 3 is connected to the tail exhaust pipe of the fuel cell engine or the hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle 1, and the tail exhaust collection pipe 3 can be tightly connected to the tail exhaust pipe of the fuel cell engine or the hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle 1 through a rubber hose to ensure that no water or gas leakage occurs at the connection. The tail exhaust collection pipe 3 can collect all the vehicle tail exhaust and can also perform sampling and processing according to a certain proportion. The sampling and processing method is the same as the principle of full sampling. Specifically, on the basis of the tail exhaust collection pipe 3 being connected to the tail exhaust pipe of the fuel cell engine or the hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle 1, the water generated during the operation of the fuel cell and the hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction are collected through the water collecting tank 4 and the hydrogen collection device 9; then, the mass of the water and the hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction can be obtained by weighing; the mass of the hydrogen participating in the chemical reaction is calculated based on the mass of the water; the hydrogen consumption can be obtained by the sum of the mass of the hydrogen participating in the chemical reaction and the mass of the hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction; at the same time, the engine working efficiency can be calculated by the mass of the hydrogen participating in the chemical reaction and the hydrogen consumption; the method of external hydrogen storage tank is avoided, the workload of the tester is reduced, and the problem of connecting high-precision electrical energy analysis equipment when testing the working efficiency of the fuel cell engine is avoided, thereby improving the test efficiency.

[0032] The tail exhaust collection pipe 3 is used to collect water generated after the fuel cell reaction and unreacted hydrogen and air, and to direct the liquid water through a drip pipe to a water collection tank 4. The water collection tank 4 is used to collect the liquid water. During testing, the tail exhaust collection pipe 3 needs to be connected to the tail exhaust pipe of the fuel cell engine or hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle 1. The addition of the tail exhaust collection pipe 3 and the effects of the pipe dryer 8 and air pump 6 in the tail exhaust collection pipe 3 will directly change the exhaust gas exhaust capacity, thereby affecting the operating state of the fuel cell engine. To reduce the impact on the operating state of the fuel cell engine, in this embodiment, a first pressure sensor 2 is provided at the end of the tail exhaust collection pipe 3 near the collection port, and a second pressure sensor 7 is provided near the pipe dryer 8. The air pump 6 is provided at the end of the tail exhaust collection pipe 3 near the pipe dryer 8. Specifically, the first pressure sensor 2 and the second pressure sensor 7 can detect the exhaust pressure in real time. When the central control 5 detects a change in the exhaust pressure, the central control 5 can control the air pump 6 to adjust the exhaust pressure to balance the tail exhaust pressure, thereby preventing the test device from affecting the operating state of the fuel cell engine.

[0033] The first pressure sensor 2 and the second pressure sensor 7 are respectively arranged on the exhaust pipe and the exhaust collection pipe 3 of the fuel cell engine or hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle 1, respectively measuring the pipe pressure at their respective locations and transmitting real-time information to the central controller 5. The air pump 6 is arranged on the exhaust collection pipe 3 and can adjust the pipe pressure by starting and stopping and adjusting the speed. Based on the pipe pressure information monitored by the pressure sensors, the central controller 5 can send start / stop and speed adjustment commands to the air pump 6, thereby achieving linkage of the air pump 6, ensuring balanced exhaust pressure and preventing the testing device from affecting the operating state of the fuel cell engine.

[0034] According to the mass of the collected water, the mass of the hydrogen involved in the chemical reaction can be calculated. According to the mass of the hydrogen involved in the chemical reaction and the mass of the collected hydrogen, the hydrogen consumption can be calculated. In order to ensure the accuracy of the final detection of hydrogen consumption, it is necessary to ensure the accuracy of the mass of the collected water and the mass of the collected hydrogen. In order to improve the quality of the collected water and the accuracy of the hydrogen consumption calculation, in this embodiment, the tail collection pipe 3 is set to three sections, namely, a first horizontal section close to one end of the collection port, a vertical section connected to the first horizontal section, and a second horizontal section connected to the vertical section; wherein, The first horizontal section and the vertical section are both provided with a drip pipe connected to the water collecting tank. The design of the first horizontal section and the vertical section ensures the amount of water collected. At the same time, an inverted funnel structure is provided on the vertical section. A drip pipe is connected between the inverted funnel structure and the water collecting tank. The setting of the inverted funnel structure ensures the contact area between water vapor and the pipe wall, improves the condensation effect of water vapor, and further improves the water collection effect. At the same time, the hydrogen collection device 9 has an open structure. After the hydrogen is completely absorbed, the air can be discharged directly, thereby improving the purity of the collected hydrogen.

[0035] During the test, when calculating the hydrogen consumption and the engine working efficiency, the mass of the collected water, the mass of the hydrogen participating in the chemical reaction and the mass of the collected hydrogen are all required. This requires accurate weighing of each parameter by weighing method; in order to improve the flexibility of the experiment and ensure the weighing accuracy of each parameter, in this embodiment, the tail exhaust collection pipe 3, the water collecting tank 4, the pipe dryer 8 and the hydrogen collecting device 9 are all set as separately disassembled structures, that is, the tail exhaust collection pipe 3, the water collecting tank 4, the pipe dryer 8 and the hydrogen collecting device 9 are set as components that can be separately disassembled, which can realize the weighing of each parameter separately, ensuring the flexibility of the experiment and the weighing accuracy of each parameter. The equipment required for weighing requires an accuracy of up to 0.01g.

[0036] The water collecting tank 4 and the pipeline dryer 8 are both closed structures and are only connected to the tail discharge collection pipe;

[0037] The working process or method of this embodiment is as follows:

[0038] During the operation of the fuel cell, hydrogen reacts chemically with oxygen in the air under the action of the catalyst, and the generated water and hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction are collected. The water is completely collected through the tail discharge collection pipe 3, the water collecting tank 4 and the pipe dryer 8, and the hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction is completely collected through the hydrogen collection device 9. The masses of water and hydrogen are directly obtained by weighing. After obtaining the mass of the generated water, the mass of the hydrogen that participates in the chemical reaction can be calculated. The sum of the mass of the hydrogen that participates in the chemical reaction and the mass of the hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction is the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell engine or vehicle during the collection time. The collection time is generally set as the typical operating time of the vehicle in the energy consumption test on the drum or the typical operating time of the fuel cell engine in the energy consumption test on the bench.

[0039] This embodiment can obtain the mass of hydrogen participating in the chemical reaction during the collection time and the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell engine or vehicle, and can calculate the average working efficiency of the fuel cell engine during the collection time.

[0040] After obtaining the mass of the generated water, the mass of the hydrogen participating in the chemical reaction can be calculated. The sum of the mass of the hydrogen participating in the chemical reaction and the mass of the hydrogen not participating in the chemical reaction is the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell engine or the hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle 1 during the collection time. The collection time is generally defined as the typical operating time of a vehicle in an energy consumption test on a rotating drum or the typical operating time of a fuel cell engine in an energy consumption test on a bench.

[0041] Specifically, the reaction equation is:

[0042] 2H2+O2→2H2O+electricity+heat

[0043] The weight of the water (H2O) generated by the reaction is collected by the tail collection pipe 3, the water collection tank 4 and the pipeline dryer 8, and is weighed separately and summed up to be recorded as M(H2O). According to the relative atomic mass of the element, the mass M of the hydrogen involved in the chemical reaction can be obtained. 反应 (H2) = 1 / 9M (H2O). The hydrogen involved in the reaction is collected by the hydrogen collecting device 9 and weighed and recorded as M 未反应 (H2). Hydrogen consumption M 消耗 (H2)=M 反应 (H2)+M 未反应 (H2), that is, the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell engine or vehicle during the collection time is obtained.

[0044] The formula for calculating the engine efficiency during this period is:

[0045] η=M 反应 (H2) / M 消耗(H2)×100%.

[0046] After the test is completed, the tail exhaust collection pipe 3 can be disconnected from the fuel cell engine or hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle 1 under the same ambient temperature and humidity conditions, and the water contained in the ambient air or substances that are easily collected by the hydrogen collection device 9 can be removed using the same weighing method, and then the above test results can be corrected.

[0047] In summary, the hydrogen consumption test of a vehicle on a drum or a fuel cell engine on a test bench can collect exhaust substances in full or in part, and separate the generated water and hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction. The hydrogen consumption during the collection time and the hydrogen utilization rate of the fuel cell engine can be obtained by weighing and a simple calculation formula, thereby improving work efficiency and reducing safety hazards.

[0048] Example 2:

[0049] A method for testing hydrogen consumption and engine operating efficiency of a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle adopts the hydrogen consumption and engine operating efficiency testing device for a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle as described in the first aspect, comprising: collecting water and hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction generated during the operation of the fuel cell through a water collecting tank and a hydrogen collection device; obtaining the mass of the water and the hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction by weighing; calculating the mass of the hydrogen that participates in the chemical reaction based on the mass of the water; and obtaining the hydrogen consumption by summing the mass of the hydrogen that participates in the chemical reaction and the mass of the hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction.

[0050] The engine efficiency is calculated by the mass of hydrogen involved in the chemical reaction and the hydrogen consumption.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this embodiment and is not intended to limit this embodiment. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that this embodiment may be modified and varied in various ways. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this embodiment shall be within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

Claims

1. Hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle hydrogen consumption and engine efficiency test device, characterized by: include: Tail exhaust collection pipe; A water collecting tank is provided on the lower side of the tail discharge collecting pipe near one end of the collecting port; a drip pipe is connected between the water collecting tank and the tail discharge collecting pipe; A pipeline dryer is provided at one end of the tail discharge collection pipeline away from the collection port; A hydrogen collection device connected to the exhaust port of the tail exhaust collection pipe; A first pressure sensor is provided at one end of the tail exhaust collecting pipe close to the collecting port, and a second pressure sensor is provided close to the pipe dryer; an air pump is provided at one end of the tail exhaust collecting pipe close to the pipe dryer; The tail discharge collection pipe, the water collecting tank, the pipeline dryer and the hydrogen collection device are all configured as separately disassembled structures, so that each parameter can be weighed separately, thereby ensuring the flexibility of the experiment and the weighing accuracy of each parameter.

2. The hydrogen consumption and engine efficiency testing device for a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail exhaust collection pipe collection port is connected to the tail exhaust pipe of a fuel cell engine or a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle.

3. The hydrogen consumption and engine efficiency testing device for a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail discharge collection pipe includes a first horizontal section close to one end of the collection port, a vertical section connected to the first horizontal section, and a second horizontal section connected to the vertical section; The first horizontal section and the vertical section are both provided with drip pipes connected to the water collecting tank.

4. The hydrogen consumption and engine efficiency testing device for a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: An inverted funnel structure is provided on the vertical section, and a drip pipe is connected between the inverted funnel structure and the water collecting tank.

5. The hydrogen consumption and engine efficiency testing device for a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the hydrogen collecting device is an open structure.

6. A method for testing hydrogen consumption and engine efficiency of hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicles, characterized in that: A hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle hydrogen consumption and engine operating efficiency testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used, comprising: collecting water and hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction generated during the operation of the fuel cell through a water collecting tank and a hydrogen collecting device; obtaining the mass of the water and the hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction by a weighing method; calculating the mass of the hydrogen that participates in the chemical reaction based on the mass of the water; and obtaining the hydrogen consumption by summing the mass of the hydrogen that participates in the chemical reaction and the mass of the hydrogen that does not participate in the chemical reaction.

7. The method for testing hydrogen consumption and engine efficiency of a hydrogen fuel cell commercial vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The engine efficiency is calculated by the mass of hydrogen involved in the chemical reaction and the hydrogen consumption.

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