A permanent magnet motor

Abstract

The present application relates to a permanent magnet motor, and relates to the field of motors, comprising a motor body, an end cover, a rotating shaft, and fan blades. An elastic block is slidably connected to the rotating shaft, and a driving assembly is also provided on the rotating shaft. When the temperature of the motor body is higher than a preset value, the elastic block presses against the fan blades, and a reset member is provided on the rotating shaft. When the temperature of the motor body rises, the driving assembly expands due to heat and drives the elastic block to move closer to the fan blades. When the temperature of the motor body is higher than a preset value, the elastic block moves to press against the fan blades, so that the rotating shaft drives the fan blades to rotate through the friction generated between the elastic block and the fan blades, thereby consuming electrical energy to accelerate the flow of air around the motor body and improving the heat dissipation effect of the motor body. At low temperatures, the heat dissipation requirements of the motor can be met only by relying on the heat exchange between the motor and the low-temperature air. At this time, the fan blades and the rotating shaft are separated, and the rotating shaft cannot drive the fan blades to rotate to accelerate the flow of air, thereby reducing unnecessary energy consumption and achieving energy-saving effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of motors, and in particular to a permanent magnet motor. Background Art

[0002] A permanent magnet motor is a motor that generates a magnetic field through permanent magnets. It does not require excitation windings or excitation currents. It has excellent characteristics such as simple structure, small size, and light weight. It is widely used in daily life, national economy, industrial production, aerospace, and other aspects.

[0003] For example, the utility model patent with patent announcement number CN206332570U discloses a permanent magnet low-speed induction motor, including a casing, a stator is arranged in the casing, a rotor is arranged to rotate in the middle of the stator, a rotating shaft is passed through the rotor, a rear end of the casing is provided with a rear fan blade cavity connected to the outside world, a front end of the casing is provided with a front fan blade cavity connected to the outside world, the rear end of the rotating shaft is located in the rear fan blade cavity, the front end of the rotating shaft passes through the front fan blade cavity, the rotating shaft in the rear fan blade cavity is equipped with rear fan blades for blowing air to the outside of the casing, and the rotating shaft in the front fan blade cavity is equipped with front fan blades for blowing air to the inside of the casing. By arranging a pair of fan blades with the same blowing direction, the heat dissipation rate of the motor is accelerated and the heat dissipation effect of the motor is improved.

[0004] When using the above-mentioned permanent magnet motor, in winter, when the temperature is low, especially in the northern region, the temperature can drop below zero, the heat dissipation needs of the motor can be met only by the heat exchange between the motor and the low-temperature air. However, at this time, the shaft still drives the front and rear fan blades to rotate, consuming part of the energy to accelerate the air flow, resulting in unnecessary energy consumption, which needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the problem of unnecessary energy consumption caused by the rotating shaft driving the fan blades to rotate at low temperatures, the present application provides a permanent magnet motor.

[0006] The permanent magnet motor provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A permanent magnet motor comprises a motor body, an end cover arranged on the motor body, a rotating shaft and fan blades rotatably connected to the motor body, the fan blades are sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft and spaced apart from the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft, an elastic block is slidably connected to the rotating shaft, and the elastic block slides close to or away from the fan blades, and a driving component is also provided on the rotating shaft, and the driving component expands due to heat and drives the elastic block to move close to the fan blades, when the temperature of the motor body is higher than a preset value, the elastic block is pressed against the fan blades, and a reset member is provided on the rotating shaft, and the reset member is pressed against the elastic block so that the elastic block has a tendency to slide away from the fan blades.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when the temperature of the motor body rises, the drive component expands due to heat and drives the elastic block to move closer to the fan blades. The higher the temperature, the greater the degree of thermal expansion of the drive component. When the temperature of the motor body is higher than the preset value, the elastic block moves until it is pressed against the fan blades, so that the shaft drives the fan blades to rotate through the friction force generated between the elastic block and the fan blades, thereby consuming electrical energy to accelerate the airflow around the motor body and improve the heat dissipation effect of the motor body.

[0009] At low temperatures, the motor's heat dissipation needs can be met solely by the heat exchange between the motor and the low-temperature air. At this time, the fan blades and the shaft are separated, and the shaft cannot drive the fan blades to rotate to accelerate the airflow, reducing unnecessary energy consumption and achieving energy-saving effects.

[0010] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a thermal expansion and contraction block provided on the rotating shaft, a transmission rod rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and an elastic member provided on the rotating shaft, the thermal expansion and contraction block and the elastic block are respectively located on opposite sides of the rotating shaft of the transmission rod, and the distance between the thermal expansion and contraction block and the rotating shaft of the transmission rod is smaller than the distance between the elastic block and the rotating shaft of the transmission rod, the elastic member presses against the transmission rod so that the transmission rod presses against the thermal expansion and contraction block, the elastic block presses against the transmission rod, and the thermal expansion and contraction block expands due to heat so that the elastic block slides close to the fan blade.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, a thermal expansion and contraction block, a transmission rod and an elastic member are provided. When the temperature of the motor body rises, the thermal expansion and contraction block expands due to heat and drives the transmission rod to rotate. The transmission rod drives the elastic block to slide closer to the fan blades. The displacement of the thermal expansion and contraction block is amplified by the transmission rod, so that the elastic block can be pressed against the fan blades more quickly, thereby improving the sensitivity of the rotating shaft to drive the fan blades to rotate through the drive assembly, so as to dissipate heat from the motor body more timely when the temperature of the motor body is higher than the preset value.

[0012] Preferably, the thermal expansion and contraction block is located on a side of the elastic block close to the motor body.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the temperature of the motor body rises due to long-term operation, heat is transferred from the inside of the motor body to the rotating shaft. Since the thermal expansion and contraction block is located on the side of the elastic block close to the motor body, the thermal expansion and contraction block can sense the temperature change earlier and make corresponding changes, further improving the timeliness and sensitivity of the drive component to drive the fan blades to rotate.

[0014] Preferably, the elastic block includes a rigid portion slidably connected to the rotating shaft and an elastic portion provided on the rigid portion, the elastic portion is located on the outside of the rotating shaft, and the elastic portion is used to press against the fan blade.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, a rigid part and an elastic part are provided. When the elastic part is pressed against the fan blades to drive the fan blades to rotate along with the rotating shaft, the rigid part is pressed against the rotating shaft, thereby improving the structural strength of the elastic block and reducing the deformation and bending of the part of the elastic block extending from the rotating shaft during the rotation of the fan blades, which is beneficial to improving the service life of the elastic block.

[0016] Preferably, the fan blades include a rotating ring rotatably connected to the motor body and a plurality of blades provided on the rotating ring, the plurality of blades being circumferentially spaced along the outer circumference of the rotating ring, an extension piece being slidingly connected to the blade, the extension piece being located on the side of the blade away from the rotating ring, and the extension piece sliding toward or away from the rotating ring, and an elastic member 2 being provided between the blade and the extension piece.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, an extension piece and an elastic member are provided. When the rotating shaft drives the fan blades to rotate, if the rotating shaft rotates at a high speed and the motor body generates more heat, the temperature of the motor body will rise faster. At this time, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the fan blades causes the extension piece to extend in the direction away from the rotating ring, and the greater the rotating speed, the more the extension piece extends from the blade, thereby increasing the contact area between the fan blade and the airflow when the fan blade rotates, which can increase the wind force generated by the rotation of the fan blade, thereby accelerating the airflow, improving the heat dissipation effect of the motor body, and suppressing the temperature of the motor body from rising too quickly.

[0018] Preferably, a magnetic block is provided on the extension piece, and a permanent magnet is provided on the blade, and the permanent magnet is used to adsorb the magnetic block.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, a magnetic block and a permanent magnet are set. When the fan blades are not in use, the extension piece on the blade located below the rotating ring stretches the elastic part 2 under the action of gravity and extends out of the blade, which can easily cause elastic fatigue of the elastic part 2 and affect the elasticity of the elastic part 2. The magnetic block is adsorbed by the permanent magnet. Only when the centrifugal force is greater than the adsorption force between the permanent magnet and the magnetic block, the extension piece extends from the blade, reducing the situation where the extension piece stretches the elastic part 2 under the action of gravity and improving the stability of the elastic force of the elastic part 2.

[0020] Preferably, a plurality of protrusions are provided on the inner ring wall of the rotating ring, and the plurality of protrusions are distributed circumferentially along the inner ring wall of the rotating ring.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, a convex column is provided. When the elastic part is pressed against the fan blade, the convex column is embedded in the elastic part, thereby increasing the friction between the elastic part and the rotating ring, reducing the slippage between the elastic part and the rotating ring, and improving the stability of the fan blade driven by the rotating shaft.

[0022] Preferably, an air flow channel is provided in the motor body, the air flow channel is connected to the interior of the motor body, an air outlet is provided on the inner wall of the air flow channel, the air outlet passes through the outer wall of the motor body adjacent to the fan blade, a blocking block is slidably connected to the motor body, the blocking block is located in the air outlet and slides close to or away from the air flow channel, the blocking block is used to block the air flow channel, a through hole is provided on the blocking block, and an elastic member three is provided on the motor body, the elastic member three is pressed against the blocking block so that the blocking block has a tendency to slide close to the air flow channel.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, an air flow channel and a blocking block are provided. When the motor body is not in use, the blocking block is pressed against the inner wall of the air flow channel under the action of the elastic member three to block the air flow channel, thereby reducing the situation where debris enters the interior of the motor body. When the motor body is running and the temperature is higher than the preset value, the fan blades rotate to guide the air flow toward the motor body. The higher the temperature of the motor body, the faster the air flow speed on the surface of the motor body, so that when the air flow flows through the surface of the motor body, a negative pressure is generated on the surface of the motor body. Since some debris falls into the through hole and the mass of the debris is less than the mass of the blocking block, the debris will be sucked out of the through hole before the blocking block under the action of the negative pressure. Then, the blocking block slides away from the air flow channel under the action of the negative pressure, so that the air flow channel flows through the through hole and the outside of the motor body, and then the hot air inside the motor body is sucked out under the action of the negative pressure. At the same time, the air with relatively low temperature near the motor body enters the interior of the motor body through the gaps on the surface of the motor body, thereby promoting the heat dissipation of the motor.

[0024] Preferably, the blocking block includes a block body slidably connected to the air outlet and an elastic layer provided on the block body, wherein the elastic layer is located at one end of the block body close to the air flow channel.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution and setting an elastic layer, when the blocking block blocks the air flow channel, the sealing effect between the blocking block and the air flow channel is improved, thereby reducing the situation where small particles of debris enter the air flow channel, thereby reducing the situation where debris gets stuck in the internal parts of the motor body, and improving the stability of the motor body operation.

[0026] Preferably, a limiting groove is provided on the inner wall of the air flow channel, and the block includes a sliding portion slidably connected to the air outlet and a limiting portion provided on the sliding portion, and the limiting portion is slidably connected to the limiting groove.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, a limit block and a limit groove are set, and the limit block abuts against the inner wall of the limit groove, thereby limiting the movement range of the blocking block and reducing the situation where the blocking block moves away from the motor body under the action of negative pressure.

[0028] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0029] 1. When the temperature of the motor body rises, the drive assembly expands due to heat, driving the elastic block to move closer to the fan blades. When the temperature of the motor body is higher than a preset value, the elastic block moves to press against the fan blades, causing the shaft to drive the fan blades to rotate through the friction generated between the elastic block and the fan blades, thereby consuming electrical energy to accelerate the airflow around the motor body and improve the heat dissipation effect of the motor body. At low temperatures, the heat dissipation requirements of the motor can be met solely by heat exchange between the motor and the low-temperature air. At this time, the fan blades and the shaft are separated, and the shaft cannot drive the fan blades to rotate to accelerate the airflow, reducing unnecessary energy consumption and achieving energy-saving effects.

[0030] 2. By providing an extension piece and a second elastic member, when the temperature of the motor body is detected to be greater than a preset value, the elastic block is triggered to cause the shaft to drive the fan blades to rotate. Then, according to the rotation speed of the shaft, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the fan blades causes the extension piece to extend away from the rotating ring, thereby increasing the contact area between the fan blades and the airflow when rotating, accelerating the airflow, improving the heat dissipation effect of the motor body, and suppressing the rapid temperature rise of the motor body.

[0031] 3. By setting up the air flow channel and the blocking block, when the motor body is not in use, the blocking block is pressed against the inner wall of the air flow channel to block the air flow channel, thereby reducing the situation where debris enters the interior of the motor body. When the motor body is running and the temperature is higher than the preset value, the fan blades rotate to guide the air flow toward the motor body. The air flow generates negative pressure on the surface of the motor body. Under the action of the negative pressure, the blocking block slides away from the air flow channel, so that the hot air inside the motor body is sucked out under the action of the negative pressure, thereby promoting the heat dissipation of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application, mainly showing the structure of the fan blades;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The enlarged view of part A in the middle mainly shows the structure of the convex column;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram partially cut away at the motor body and fan blades of an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The enlarged view of part B in the middle mainly shows the structure of the elastic block;

[0037] Figure 6 for Figure 4The enlarged view of part C in the middle mainly shows the structure of the magnetic block and permanent magnet;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application partially cut away at the motor body and the blocking block;

[0039] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The enlarged view of part D in the middle mainly shows the structure of the blocking block.

[0040] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Motor body; 2. End cover; 3. Rotating shaft; 31. Receiving groove; 311. Limiting groove; 4. Fan blade; 41. Rotating ring; 42. Blade; 421. Slide groove; 5. Boss; 6. Elastic block; 61. Rigid part; 611. Main body; 612. Limiting protrusion; 62. Elastic part; 7. Reset member; 8. Driving assembly; 81. Thermal expansion and contraction block; 82. Transmission rod; 83. Elastic part one; 9. Extension piece; 10. Magnetic block; 101. Perforation one; 11. Permanent magnet; 111. Perforation two; 12. Elastic part two; 13. Air flow channel; 131. Air outlet; 1311. Limiting groove; 14. Block; 141. Block; 1411. Sliding part; 1412. Limiting part; 142. Elastic layer; 15. Through hole; 16. Elastic part three. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following is combined with Figure 1-8 This application is described in further detail.

[0042] The embodiment of the present application discloses a permanent magnet motor. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The permanent magnet motor includes a motor body 1, an end cover 2, a rotating shaft 3 and a fan blade 4. The end cover 2 is located on one side of the motor body 1 and is fixedly connected to the motor body 1. In actual use, the end cover 2 is generally fixed to the motor body 1 by a number of bolts.

[0043] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The rotating shaft 3 is rotatably connected to the motor body 1, and the opposite ends of the rotating shaft 3 pass through the opposite sides of the motor body 1 respectively. One end of the rotating shaft 3 is located between the motor body 1 and the end cover 2. The fan blade 4 is located between the motor body 1 and the end cover 2. The fan blade 4 includes a rotating ring 41 and a plurality of blades 42. The rotating ring 41 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 3 and is spaced apart from the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft 3. The rotating ring 41 is rotatably connected to the motor body 1, and the rotation axis of the rotating ring 41 coincides with the rotation axis of the rotating shaft 3.

[0044] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3A plurality of bosses 5 are fixed on the inner ring wall of the rotating ring 41 , and the bosses 5 are evenly spaced circumferentially along the inner ring of the rotating ring 41 . A plurality of blades 42 are evenly spaced circumferentially around the outer circumference of the rotating ring 41 and are fixedly connected to the rotating ring 41 .

[0045] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 The outer wall of the rotating shaft 3 defines a receiving groove 31, which is positioned correspondingly to the position of the rotating ring 41. A limiting groove 311 is defined on the inner wall of the receiving groove 31. An elastic block 6 is slidably connected to the rotating shaft 3. The elastic block 6 comprises a rigid portion 61 and an elastic portion 62. The rigid portion 61 comprises a main body 611 and a limiting protrusion 612. The main body 611 is slidably connected to the receiving groove 31 and slides toward or away from the rotating ring 41. The sliding direction of the main body 611 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3. In this embodiment, the rigid portion 61 is made of carbon steel.

[0046] See also Figure 5 The limiting protrusion 612 is located in the limiting groove 311 and is fixedly connected to the main body 611. When the main body 611 slides on the rotating shaft 3, the main body 611 drives the limiting protrusion 612 to slide and connect in the limiting groove 311. The inner wall of the limiting groove 311 abuts against the limiting protrusion 612, thereby limiting the limiting protrusion 612 and limiting the movement range of the main body 611, thereby preventing the main body 611 from sliding out of the accommodating groove 31.

[0047] See also Figure 5 A reset member 7 is fixed to the rotating shaft 3. The reset member 7 is located in the limiting groove 311 and on the side of the limiting protrusion 612 away from the bottom of the accommodating groove 31. The opposite ends of the reset member 7 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the limiting groove 311 and the limiting protrusion 612. The opposite ends of the reset member 7 are respectively pressed against the inner side wall of the limiting groove 311 and the limiting protrusion 612, so that the main body 611 has a tendency to slide away from the rotating ring 41. In this embodiment, the reset member 7 is a spring.

[0048] See also Figure 5 The elastic portion 62 is located outside the rotating shaft 3 and is located on a side of the main body 611 away from the bottom of the receiving groove 31 and is fixedly connected to the main body 611. The elastic portion 62 is used to press against the rotating ring 41. In this embodiment, the elastic portion 62 is made of silicone.

[0049] See also Figure 5 A driving assembly 8 is also provided on the rotating shaft 3. The driving assembly 8 includes a thermal expansion and contraction block 81, a transmission rod 82 and an elastic member 83. The transmission rod 82 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 3, and the rotation axis of the transmission rod 82 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating shaft 3.

[0050] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5The thermal expansion and contraction block 81 and the main body 611 are both located on the same side of the transmission rod 82, and the thermal expansion and contraction block 81 and the main body 611 are respectively located on opposite sides of the rotation axis of the transmission rod 82. The thermal expansion and contraction block 81 is located on the side of the main body 611 close to the motor body 1. The distance between the thermal expansion and contraction block 81 and the rotation axis of the transmission rod 82 is smaller than the distance between the main body 611 and the rotation axis of the transmission rod 82. The main body 611 is pressed against the transmission rod 82 under the action of the reset member 7. The thermal expansion and contraction block 81 is fixed in the rotating shaft 3. The elastic member 1 83 is located on the side of the transmission rod 82 away from the thermal expansion and contraction block 81 and is fixed in the rotating shaft 3. The elastic member 1 83 is pressed against the transmission rod 82 so that the transmission rod 82 is pressed against the thermal expansion and contraction block 81. In this embodiment, the thermal expansion and contraction block 81 is made of iron, and the elastic member 1 83 is a spring.

[0051] In actual use, when the temperature of the motor body 1 rises, the thermal expansion and contraction block 81 expands due to heat and pushes the transmission rod 82 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic member 83 to rotate, and the transmission rod 82 pushes the main body 611 to slide close to the swivel 41. The higher the temperature, the greater the degree of thermal expansion and contraction block 81 expansion due to heat, and the greater the angle of rotation of the transmission rod 82. When the temperature of the motor body 1 is higher than the preset value, the main body 611 drives the elastic part 62 to press against the swivel 41. At this time, the boss 5 is embedded in the elastic part 62, and the friction generated between the elastic part 62 and the swivel 41 drives the swivel 41 to rotate. When the temperature of the motor body 1 is lower than the preset value, the volume of the thermal expansion and contraction block 81 is not enough to make the elastic part 62 press against the swivel 41. At this time, the swivel 41 and the rotating shaft 3 are separated, and the rotating shaft 3 cannot drive the swivel 41 to rotate.

[0052] It should also be pointed out that in this application, the preset value is 40°C. In actual use, the material of the thermal expansion and contraction block 81 can be replaced according to actual needs to adjust the preset value.

[0053] See also Figure 4 and Figure 6 A sliding groove 421 is provided on the end surface of each blade 42 away from the rotating ring 41, and an extension piece 9 is slidably connected to each blade 42. The extension piece 9 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 421, and the extension piece 9 slides close to or away from the rotating ring 41. A magnetic block 10 is fixed on the outer side wall of the extension piece 9 near the bottom of the sliding groove 421, and a through-hole 101 is provided on the magnetic block 10. A permanent magnet 11 is fixed on the inner wall of the bottom of the sliding groove 421. The permanent magnet 11 is used to adsorb the magnetic block 10, and a through-hole 2 111 is provided on the permanent magnet 11. The position of the through-hole 2 111 corresponds to the position of the through-hole 101.

[0054] See also Figure 6Each blade 42 is secured with a second elastic member 12. This elastic member 12 is located within the chute 421 and on the side of the extension piece 9 near the bottom of the chute 421. The end of the elastic member 12 near the bottom of the chute 421 passes through the second perforation 111 and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the chute 421. The end of the elastic member 12 away from the bottom of the chute 421 passes through the first perforation 101 and is fixedly connected to the extension piece 9. When the permanent magnet 11 attracts the magnetic block 10, the second elastic member 12 is unstressed. In this application, the second elastic member 12 is a spring.

[0055] When the shaft 3 drives the fan blades 4 to rotate, depending on the rotation speed of the shaft 3, if the rotation speed of the shaft 3 is relatively high, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the fan blades 4 causes the magnetic block 10 to separate from the permanent magnet 11, and the extension piece 9 extends in the direction away from the rotating ring 41. Moreover, the greater the rotation speed, the more the extension piece 9 extends out of the blade 42, thereby increasing the contact area between the fan blade 4 and the airflow when the fan blade 4 rotates, thereby increasing the wind force generated by the rotation of the fan blade 4, accelerating the airflow, improving the heat dissipation effect of the motor body 1, and suppressing the temperature of the motor body 1 from rising too quickly.

[0056] If the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 3 is relatively low, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the fan blades 4 is smaller than the attraction between the magnetic block 10 and the permanent magnet 11, and the extension piece 9 does not move under the attraction between the magnetic block 10 and the permanent magnet 11. At this time, the airflow generated by the rotation of the fan blades 4 is sufficient to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the motor body 1, and reduces the elastic fatigue caused by the long-term stretching of the elastic part 2 12 caused by the extension piece 9 extending out of the blades 42, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the elastic part 2 12.

[0057] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8 The motor body 1 is provided with a plurality of air flow channels 13, which are all connected to the interior of the motor body 1. An air outlet 131 is provided on the inner wall of each air flow channel 13. The air outlet 131 is away from the end of the corresponding air flow channel 13 and penetrates the outer wall of the motor body 1 adjacent to the fan blade 4. The air outlet 131 is located near the end cover 2 of the motor body 1 (see FIG. Figure 1 ), a limiting groove 1311 is defined on the inner wall of each air outlet 131 .

[0058] See also Figure 8A plurality of blocking blocks 14 are slidingly connected to the motor body 1. The number and position of the blocking blocks 14 correspond one-to-one to the number and position of the air outlet holes 131. The blocking blocks 14 are located in the corresponding air outlet holes 131. The blocking blocks 14 are used to block the air flow channel 13. The blocking block 14 includes a block body 141 and an elastic layer 142. The block body 141 includes a sliding portion 1411 and a limiting portion 1412. The sliding portion 1411 is slidingly connected to the corresponding air outlet hole 131, and the sliding portion 1411 slides close to or away from the corresponding air flow channel 13. A through hole 15 is opened at the end of the sliding portion 1411 away from the air flow channel 13. The through hole 15 penetrates the sliding portion 1411 along the sliding direction of the sliding portion 1411.

[0059] See also Figure 8 The limiting portion 1412 is located in the limiting groove 1311 and is fixedly connected to the corresponding sliding portion 1411. When the sliding portion 1411 slides in the sliding groove 421, the sliding portion 1411 drives the limiting portion 1412 to slide and connect in the limiting groove 1311. The inner wall of the limiting groove 1311 abuts against the limiting portion 1412, thereby limiting the movement range of the sliding portion 1411 and preventing the sliding portion 1411 from sliding away from the air outlet 131.

[0060] See also Figure 8 The elastic layer 142 is located at one end of the block 141 close to the air flow channel 13 and is fixedly connected to the block 141. The elastic layer 142 covers the end surface of the block 141 close to the air flow channel 13. In this embodiment, the elastic layer 142 is made of silicone.

[0061] See also Figure 8 A plurality of elastic members 16 are fixed to the motor body 1. The number and position of the elastic members 16 correspond one-to-one to the number and position of the limiting grooves 1311. The elastic members 16 are located within the corresponding limiting grooves 1311, and the elastic members 16 are located on the side of the limiting portion 1412 away from the corresponding air flow channel 13. The opposite ends of the elastic members 16 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner sidewall of the corresponding limiting groove 1311 and the corresponding limiting portion 1412, and the opposite ends of the elastic members 16 are respectively pressed against the inner sidewall of the corresponding limiting groove 1311 and the corresponding limiting portion 1412, so that the sliding portion 1411 has a tendency to slide closer to the corresponding air flow channel 13. In this embodiment, the elastic members 16 are springs. When the motor body 1 is not in use, the elastic layer 142 on the blocking block 14 is pressed against the inner wall of the air flow channel 13 by the action of the elastic members 16 to block and seal the air flow channel 13, thereby reducing the possibility of debris entering the interior of the motor body 1.

[0062] When the motor body 1 is running and the temperature is higher than a preset value, the fan blades 4 rotate to guide the airflow toward the motor body 1. When the airflow flows through the surface of the motor body 1, negative pressure is generated on the surface of the motor body 1. The debris in the through hole 15 is sucked out from the through hole 15 under the action of the negative pressure, and then the blocking block 14 slides away from the airflow channel 13 under the action of the negative pressure, so that the airflow channel 13 flows through the through hole 15 and the outside of the motor body 1, thereby causing the hot air inside the motor body 1 to be sucked out under the action of the negative pressure. At the same time, the relatively low-temperature air near the motor body 1 enters the interior of the motor body 1 through the gaps on the surface of the motor body 1, thereby accelerating the heat dissipation of the motor.

[0063] The implementation principle of a permanent magnet motor in the embodiment of the present application is:

[0064] When the temperature of the motor body 1 is higher than the preset value, the thermal expansion and contraction block 81 expands due to heat and drives the transmission rod 82 to rotate. The transmission rod 82 pushes the elastic block 6 to slide close to the fan blade 4 until it is pressed against the fan blade 4, so that the rotating shaft 3 drives the fan blade 4 to rotate through the friction force generated between the elastic block 6 and the fan blade 4, thereby consuming electrical energy to accelerate the airflow around the motor body 1 and improve the heat dissipation effect of the motor body 1.

[0065] At low temperatures, the heat dissipation needs of the motor can be met only by the heat exchange between the motor and the low-temperature air. At this time, the fan blades 4 and the rotating shaft 3 are separated, and the rotating shaft 3 cannot drive the fan blades 4 to rotate to accelerate the airflow, reducing unnecessary energy consumption and achieving energy-saving effects.

[0066] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet motor comprising a motor body (1), an end cover (2) provided on the motor body (1), a rotating shaft (3) rotatably connected to the motor body (1), and fan blades (4), characterized in that: The fan blade (4) is sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft (3) and is spaced apart from the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft (3); an elastic block (6) is slidably connected to the rotating shaft (3); the elastic block (6) slides close to or away from the fan blade (4); a driving component (8) is also provided on the rotating shaft (3); the driving component (8) expands under heat and drives the elastic block (6) to move close to the fan blade (4); when the temperature of the motor body (1) is higher than a preset value, the elastic block (6) presses against the fan blade (4); a reset member (7) is provided on the rotating shaft (3); the reset member (7) presses against the elastic block (6) so that the elastic block (6) has a tendency to slide away from the fan blade (4); The fan blade (4) comprises a rotating ring (41) rotatably connected to the motor body (1) and a plurality of blades (42) provided on the rotating ring (41), wherein the plurality of blades (42) are circumferentially spaced along the outer circumference of the rotating ring (41), and an extension piece (9) is slidably connected to the blade (42), wherein the extension piece (9) is located on a side of the blade (42) away from the rotating ring (41), and the extension piece (9) slides toward or away from the rotating ring (41), and an elastic member (12) is provided between the blade (42) and the extension piece (9).

2. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (8) comprises a thermal expansion and contraction block (81) provided on the rotating shaft (3), a transmission rod (82) rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (3), and an elastic member (83) provided on the rotating shaft (3); the thermal expansion and contraction block (81) and the elastic block (6) are respectively located on opposite sides of the rotating shaft of the transmission rod (82); and the distance between the thermal expansion and contraction block (81) and the rotating shaft of the transmission rod (82) is smaller than the distance between the elastic block (6) and the rotating shaft of the transmission rod (82); the elastic member (83) presses against the transmission rod (82) so that the transmission rod (82) presses against the thermal expansion and contraction block (81); the elastic block (6) presses against the transmission rod (82); the thermal expansion and contraction block (81) expands due to heat so that the elastic block (6) slides close to the fan blade (4).

3. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thermal expansion and contraction block (81) is located on a side of the elastic block (6) close to the motor body (1).

4. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic block (6) comprises a rigid portion (61) slidably connected to the rotating shaft (3) and an elastic portion (62) provided on the rigid portion (61); the elastic portion (62) is located outside the rotating shaft (3); and the elastic portion (62) is used to press against the fan blade (4).

5. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extension piece (9) is provided with a magnetic block (10), and the blade (42) is provided with a permanent magnet (11), and the permanent magnet (11) is used to absorb the magnetic block (10).

6. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of convex columns (5) are provided on the inner ring wall of the rotating ring (41), and the plurality of convex columns (5) are distributed circumferentially along the inner ring wall of the rotating ring (41).

7. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air flow channel (13) is provided in the motor body (1), the air flow channel (13) is communicated with the interior of the motor body (1), an air outlet hole (131) is provided on the inner wall of the air flow channel (13), the air outlet hole (131) passes through the outer wall of the motor body (1) adjacent to the fan blade (4), a blocking block (14) is slidably connected to the motor body (1), the blocking block (14) is located in the air outlet hole (131) and slides close to or away from the air flow channel (13), the blocking block (14) is used to block the air flow channel (13), a through hole (15) is provided on the blocking block (14), and an elastic member (16) is provided on the motor body (1), the elastic member (16) is pressed against the blocking block (14) so ​​that the blocking block (14) has a tendency to slide close to the air flow channel (13).

8. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The blocking block (14) comprises a block body (141) slidably connected to the air outlet (131) and an elastic layer (142) provided on the block body (141), wherein the elastic layer (142) is located at one end of the block body (141) close to the air flow channel (13).

9. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 8, characterized in that: A limiting groove (1311) is provided on the inner wall of the air flow channel (13); the block (141) comprises a sliding portion (1411) slidably connected to the air outlet (131) and a limiting portion (1412) provided on the sliding portion (1411); the limiting portion (1412) is slidably connected to the limiting groove (1311).

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