A laser shock strengthening method, device and medium based on energy closed-loop control

Abstract

The invention relates to a laser shock peening method, device and medium based on energy closed-loop control, comprising generating an energy value curve containing set energy values ​​of processing points according to a part processing area; generating a part processing program through a part motion control unit, and making one-to-one correspondence between strengthening light spot information and laser pulse energy values ​​of the energy value curve; setting a laser absorption cell unit to an on state, controlling the operation of a laser and an energy monitoring and feedback unit, and completing closed-loop control adjustment of all energy values ​​on the energy value curve; controlling the laser to complete all laser pulse outputs according to the energy value curve; judging whether the set energy value range is met, and if so, setting the laser absorption cell unit to an off state, and automatically performing laser shock peening on the part through a computer control system laser and a part control unit; the purpose is to automatically perform laser shock peening on the part while improving the consistency and stability of the laser shock peening processing effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and relates to a laser shock strengthening method, device and medium based on energy closed-loop control, and in particular to a variable parameter laser shock strengthening method suitable for complex parts. Background Art

[0002] Laser shock peening is a surface strengthening method for metal materials or metal-based composite materials. During the laser shock peening process, the nanosecond pulse laser generated by the laser forms a strengthening spot of a certain size on the surface of the material to be strengthened, inducing a plasma shock wave effect on the surface of the material. The pressure value of the shock wave exceeds the elastic limit of the material to be strengthened, and ultra-high-rate plastic deformation is formed at the position of the strengthening spot on the surface of the material to be strengthened. When the shock wave loading ends, a residual compressive stress distribution within a certain depth range is formed on the surface of the material to be strengthened, that is, a strengthening residual compressive stress layer. When the parts are in service under alternating load conditions, the laser shock strengthening residual compressive stress layer on the parts can effectively inhibit the initiation of cracks on the surface of the material or reduce the crack propagation rate of small cracks, thereby improving the fatigue performance of the parts.

[0003] Laser power density is the most important process parameter of laser shock peening. The magnitude of laser power density directly defines the level of residual compressive stress on the surface of the material to be strengthened and its distribution depth. Therefore, controlling the stability of laser power density will be conducive to producing a uniform or performance-controlled laser shock peening surface. During the laser shock peening process, the main factors affecting laser power density are laser pulse energy, laser pulse width and strengthening spot size. Among them, the laser pulse width fluctuates only in a small range near the rated pulse width of the equipment. Therefore, in fact, the main factors affecting laser power density are laser pulse energy and strengthening spot size.

[0004] During the production and use of nanosecond pulse solid lasers used for laser shock peening, the energy and conversion efficiency of the laser are attenuated due to factors such as pump lamps, working environment, laser optical path misalignment, and decreased output efficiency of optical components, resulting in certain fluctuations and decreases in the actual output laser state. In addition, when the surface geometric features of the part to be strengthened are complex or the laser incident angle is different due to interference in the part structure, the projection spot size of the laser beam on the part surface will change. For some special structural parts (such as blades), different typical special positions of the parts also require laser shock peening with different laser power densities.

[0005] The nanosecond pulse solid lasers used in the current laser shock peening technology have problems with poor laser output stability and continuous reduction in output energy during use, which leads to fluctuations in laser power density, and further causes poor consistency and stability in the laser shock peening processing effect. When the nanosecond pulse solid laser only has the problem of energy reduction after long-term operation, the operator can manually increase the rated pulse energy value to output a certain value of laser pulse energy to meet the laser power density required for laser shock peening, but this requires high requirements for the operator, and requires continuous debugging to determine the corresponding relationship between the rated pulse energy value and the actual pulse energy value. Moreover, this method cannot solve the energy fluctuation problem within a certain automatic processing program.

[0006] In addition, when the existing technology performs laser shock strengthening on parts with complex structures, the laser incident angles at different strengthening positions change due to the interference of complex surfaces and structures, causing changes in the strengthening spot size. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the laser pulse energy for the strengthening positions with different laser incident angles. The strengthening positions with the same laser incident angle are planned in the same processing program, that is, the processing programs with different laser incident angles are independent of each other. After completing the strengthening processing at one laser incident angle, the machine needs to be shut down and the laser output energy value needs to be reset before the strengthening processing at the next laser incident angle can be performed. If the laser incident angle changes frequently, the overall processing efficiency will be low. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention mainly aims at the above problems and proposes a laser shock peening method, device and medium based on energy closed-loop control, the purpose of which is to automatically laser shock peening parts while improving the consistency and stability of the laser shock peening processing effect.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a laser shock peening method based on energy closed-loop control, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: According to each area to be strengthened of the part, set the laser pulse energy value E of the laser impact on each area to be strengthened with an allowable fluctuation range of ±A%, and generate an energy value curve according to the laser pulse energy value E;

[0010] Step 2: Generate a part motion processing program according to each of the areas to be strengthened, and make the strengthening spot information in the part motion processing program correspond to the laser pulse energy value E in the energy value curve one by one;

[0011] Step 3: Measure the energy test values ​​of each laser pulse for laser shock peening, and compare the measured energy test values ​​of each laser pulse with the corresponding laser pulse energy value E in the energy value curve. If the measured energy test value E1 of the first laser pulse exceeds the fluctuation range of E±B% and does not exceed E±A%, the energy test value of the second laser pulse is adjusted by the energy dynamic adjustment unit, and so on, until the Nth laser pulse energy test value E1 is reached. N Within the fluctuation range of E±B%, the first laser pulse energy test value E is completed. N Closed-loop regulation and updating the control data of the laser pulse energy test value of the energy dynamic regulation unit;

[0012] Step 4: Set all laser pulse energy test values ​​E in step 3 that meet the fluctuation range of E±B% N＝1,2,3… As the actual laser pulse energy output value, determine whether the actual laser pulse energy output value enters the corresponding set fluctuation range of the laser pulse energy value E within ±A%. If so, automatically perform laser shock strengthening on the part according to the part motion processing program. If not, repeat the above step 3.

[0013] Further, in step 1, step 3 and step 4, the allowable fluctuation range of ±A% is ±10%; in step 3 and step 4, the fluctuation range of E±B% is E±5%.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 1, the laser pulse energy values ​​E corresponding to the areas to be strengthened are numbered in sequence, and an energy value curve is generated and recorded.

[0015] Furthermore, the automatic laser shock peening is processed point by point.

[0016] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a laser shock peening device based on energy closed-loop control, the device comprising:

[0017] A laser, used for generating a laser beam, and causing the generated laser beam to be incident on the energy monitoring and feedback unit;

[0018] An energy monitoring and feedback unit, comprising a sampling lens and a pulse energy detector, wherein the sampling lens is used to reflect the incident laser beam to the pulse energy detector, and the pulse energy detector is used to feed back the sampled energy value to a computer control system;

[0019] A laser absorption cell unit, comprising a total reflection mirror, a laser absorption cell and a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is used to drive the total reflection mirror to cut in and out of the output light path, and when the total reflection mirror cuts into the output light path, the total reflection mirror is used to reflect the laser beam on the output light path to the laser absorption cell;

[0020] A parts control unit is used to clamp and fix the parts and drive the parts to move along a preset path;

[0021] The computer control system is used to achieve coordinated movement with the laser, energy monitoring and feedback unit, laser absorption cell unit, and part control unit, and to achieve laser pulse energy closed-loop control together with the laser and energy monitoring and feedback unit, and to record and update the data of the laser pulse energy closed-loop control.

[0022] Furthermore, the device also includes: a spot shaping unit, which is arranged between the laser absorption cell unit and the part control unit and is used to focus or shape the laser beam into a spot shape and size required by laser shock peening.

[0023] Furthermore, the reflectivity of the sampling lens is about 1% to 10%.

[0024] Furthermore, the laser is a nanosecond pulse laser comprising a local oscillator stage and an amplifier stage.

[0025] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a data processing program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the data processing program is processed and executed, a laser shock strengthening method based on energy closed-loop control is implemented.

[0026] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: by comparing the deviation between the laser pulse energy test value (output) and the set laser pulse energy value E, the computer control system eliminates the deviation to obtain the expected actual laser pulse energy output value, thereby avoiding the actual laser pulse energy output value from deviating from the expected value, and realizing automatic laser shock strengthening of parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The invention discloses a laser shock strengthening device based on energy closed-loop control.

[0028] Figure 2 The present invention discloses a flow chart of a laser shock strengthening method based on energy closed-loop control.

[0029] Figure 3 The present invention discloses a kind of light spot information and the generated energy curve diagram.

[0030] In the figure:

[0031] 1. Laser; 11. Local oscillator stage; 12. Amplifier stage;

[0032] 2. Energy monitoring and feedback unit; 21. Sampling lens; 22. Pulse energy detector;

[0033] 3. Laser absorption cell unit; 31. Total reflection mirror; 32. Driving mechanism; 33. Laser absorption cell;

[0034] 4. Light spot shaping unit; 5. Parts control unit; 6. Computer control system;

[0035] 100. Laser beam; 200. Parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] Closed-loop control is an automatic control system that consists of a signal forward path and a feedback path to form a closed loop, also known as a feedback control system. The so-called feedback principle is to control based on the information of system output changes, that is, by comparing the deviation between the system behavior (output) and the expected behavior, and eliminating the deviation to obtain the expected system performance. In a feedback control system, no matter what the reason (external disturbance or internal change of the system), as long as the controlled quantity deviates from the specified value, a corresponding control action will be generated to eliminate the deviation. Therefore, it has the ability to suppress disturbances, is insensitive to changes in the original characteristics, and can improve the response characteristics of the system.

[0040] In order to improve the deficiencies in the prior art, this embodiment relates to a laser shock peening device and method based on energy closed-loop control. The specific invention contents are as follows:

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, a laser shock peening device based on energy closed-loop control is composed of a laser 1, an energy monitoring and feedback unit 2, a laser absorption cell unit 3, a spot shaping unit 4, a part control unit 5, a computer control system 6, etc.

[0042] Laser 1 is a nanosecond pulse laser including a local oscillator stage 11 and an amplifier stage 12. The nanosecond pulse laser outputs pulse laser by amplifying the energy of a seed laser through an amplifier stage 12. The seed laser is Q-switched and the pump source is pulsed. Laser 1 has an energy dynamic adjustment unit, which quickly adjusts the laser output energy by adjusting the continuous emission time of the pump source of the amplifier stage 12 and the time interval of the seed laser pulse.

[0043] The energy monitoring and feedback unit 2 includes a sampling lens 21 and a pulse energy detector 22. The sampling lens 21 is placed on the output optical path of the laser 1 and reflects a fixed proportion of the sampling laser to the pulse energy detector 22. The pulse energy detector 22 feeds back the sampling energy value to the computer control system 6 and calculates the actual laser output energy value. The reflectivity of the sampling lens 21 is about 1% to 10%.

[0044] The laser absorption cell unit 3 includes a total reflection mirror 31, a laser absorption cell 33 and a driving mechanism 32. The driving mechanism 32 drives the total reflection mirror 31 to cut in and out of the output light path of the laser 1. When the total reflection mirror 31 cuts in the output light path of the laser 1, the laser beam 100 passing through the sampling lens 21 is irradiated on the laser absorption cell 33 via the total reflection mirror 31. At this time, the laser absorption cell unit 3 is in the open state. The laser absorption cell 33 is used to absorb laser to prevent laser damage to other components.

[0045] The function of the spot shaping unit 4 is to focus or shape the laser beam 100 into a spot shape and size required by laser shock peening.

[0046] The function of the part control unit 5 is to clamp and fix the part, and drive the part 200 to move along a preset path, so that the laser spot can scan the part 200 along a preset trajectory of the strengthening area.

[0047] The computer control system 6 can realize the coordinated movement of the laser 1, the energy monitoring and feedback unit 2, the laser absorption cell unit 3, the spot shaping unit 4, and the parts control unit 5, and realize the laser pulse energy closed-loop control together with the laser 1 and the energy monitoring and feedback unit 2, and record and update the energy closed-loop control data.

[0048] A laser shock peening method based on energy closed-loop control, the method uses the above device to perform laser shock peening processing on a specific part 200, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0049] Step 1: According to each area to be strengthened of the part, set the laser pulse energy value E of the laser impact on each area to be strengthened with an allowable fluctuation range of ±A%, and generate an energy value curve according to the laser pulse energy value E;

[0050] Step 2: Generate a part motion processing program according to each of the areas to be strengthened, and make the strengthening spot information in the part motion processing program correspond to the laser pulse energy value E in the energy value curve one by one;

[0051] In step 1 and step 2, first of all, in this embodiment, according to the geometric characteristics and process requirements of the strengthening area of ​​the part to be strengthened, the corresponding laser pulse energy value E is set for different laser shock strengthening areas, and the allowable fluctuation range of the laser pulse energy value E is set to ±10%, and the set laser pulse energy values ​​E corresponding to all the strengthening spots in the area to be strengthened are arranged and numbered in sequence, and an energy value curve is generated and recorded in the computer control system 6.

[0052] Next, according to the strengthening area of ​​the part to be strengthened, by setting the movement posture of the part control unit 5, a part movement processing program is generated, the required strengthening spot size and strengthening spot sequence are formed in different strengthening areas of the part, and the strengthening spot information of the part automatic processing program is matched one by one with the laser pulse energy value E of the energy value curve through the computer control system 6.

[0053] Step 3: Measure the energy test values ​​of each laser pulse for laser shock peening, and compare the measured energy test values ​​of each laser pulse with the corresponding laser pulse energy value E in the energy value curve. If the measured energy test value E1 of the first laser pulse exceeds the fluctuation range of E±B% and does not exceed E±A%, the energy test value of the second laser pulse is adjusted by the energy dynamic adjustment unit, and so on, until the Nth laser pulse energy test value E1 is reached. N Within the fluctuation range of E±B%, the first laser pulse energy test value E is completed. N Closed-loop regulation and updating the control data of the laser pulse energy test value of the energy dynamic regulation unit;

[0054] It can be understood that the laser absorption cell unit 3 is set to the on state, and the laser 1 and the energy monitoring and feedback unit 2 are controlled to operate through the computer control system 6. First, the energy closed-loop adjustment of the first energy value is performed according to the energy value curve. After the first laser pulse is measured by the pulse energy detector 22 of the energy monitoring and feedback unit 2, the measured first laser pulse energy test value E1 is fed back to the computer control system 6 for comparison with the first laser pulse energy value E of the energy value curve. When the measured first laser pulse energy test value E1 exceeds the fluctuation range of the first laser pulse energy value E by E±5% and not exceeding E±10%, the second laser pulse energy test value E2 is set by the energy dynamic adjustment unit of the laser 1, and so on, through continuous fine-tuning, until the Nth laser pulse energy test value E1 is reached. N Entering the ±5% fluctuation range, the closed-loop adjustment of the first energy value is completed, and the energy value control data of the energy dynamic adjustment unit of laser 1 is updated; similarly, the closed-loop adjustment of other pulse energy values ​​of the energy value curve is completed in turn, and the update of the control data of the energy dynamic adjustment unit is completed.

[0055] Step 4: Set all laser pulse energy test values ​​E in step 3 that meet the fluctuation range of E±B% N＝1,2,3… As the actual laser pulse energy output value, determine whether the actual laser pulse energy output value enters the corresponding set fluctuation range of the laser pulse energy value E within ±A%. If so, automatically perform laser shock strengthening on the part according to the part motion processing program. If not, repeat the above step 3.

[0056] Then, the laser absorption cell unit 3 is kept in the on state, and the laser 1 is made to output all laser pulses according to the energy value curve through the computer control system 6, and the energy measured value (i.e., the energy test value E of each laser pulse that satisfies the above condition E±5%) is determined. N＝1,2,3… ) whether it is within the range of ±10% of the corresponding set energy expected value. If so, proceed to the next step, set the laser absorption cell unit 3 to the off state, and perform automatic laser shock strengthening on the parts through the computer control system 6 and the part control unit 5; if not, repeat the above steps.

[0057] The laser shock strengthening method and device based on energy closed-loop control of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

[0058] (1) There are 300 strengthening processing points in the three characteristic laser shock strengthening areas of part 200, and the points are numbered P1 to P300. The pulse energy value of processing points P1 to P100 in characteristic strengthening area 1 is set to E1 = 10J, the pulse energy value of processing points P101 to P200 in characteristic strengthening area 2 is set to E2 = 30J, and the pulse energy value of processing points P201 to P300 in characteristic strengthening area 3 is set to E3 = 20J. The generated energy curve is shown in the figure below. Figure 3 As shown. Among them, the maximum allowable fluctuation range of the pulse energy at points P1 to P100 does not exceed ±10% E1, that is (9J to 11J), the maximum allowable fluctuation range of the pulse energy at points P101 to P200 does not exceed ±10% E2, that is (27J to 33J), and the maximum allowable fluctuation range of the pulse energy at points P201 to P300 does not exceed ±10% E3, that is (18J to 22J). According to the characteristics of the area to be strengthened of part 200, the motion posture of the part control unit is set, and the motion processing program is generated. For the three characteristic strengthening areas, the required spot sizes are D1 = 2mm, D2 = 2.5mm, and D3 = 3mm, respectively. The spot information and the generated energy curve are shown in Figure 3 shown.

[0059] (2) The laser absorption cell unit 3 is set to the on state, and the computer control system 6 is operated to control the operation of the laser 1 and the energy monitoring and feedback unit 2. The energy closed-loop adjustment of the first energy value E1=10J is performed according to the energy value curve. The first laser pulse is measured by the pulse energy detector 22 of the energy monitoring and feedback unit 2, and the measured energy value is fed back to the computer control system 6 for comparison with the first energy value 10J of the energy value curve. If the measured energy value exceeds E1=10J±5% and does not exceed the fluctuation range of E1=10J±10%, that is, it is in the range of (9J~9.5J) or (10.5J~11J), the energy value of the second laser pulse is adjusted by the energy dynamic adjustment unit of the laser 1, and so on, until the measured value of the Nth laser pulse enters the fluctuation range of ±5% (that is, at 9.5J~10.5J), that is, the closed-loop adjustment of the first energy value E1=10J is completed, and the energy value control data of the energy dynamic adjustment unit of the laser 1 is updated;

[0060] (3) As described in step (2), the energy closed-loop adjustment of the second energy value E2=30J and the third energy value E2=20J is performed according to the energy value curve, and the update of the control data of the energy dynamic adjustment unit is completed;

[0061] (4) Keep the laser absorption cell unit 3 set to the on state, and use the computer control system 6 to make the laser 1 complete all laser pulse outputs according to the energy value curve, and determine whether the actual energy test value is within the range of ±10% above and below the corresponding set energy value. If so, proceed to the next step, if not, repeat step (3);

[0062] (5) The laser absorption cell unit 3 is set to a closed state, and the part 200 is automatically laser-shock-hardened through the computer control system 6 and the part control unit 5 .

[0063] It should also be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the laser shock peening method based on energy closed-loop control can be implemented in the following ways, for example:

[0064] A computer-readable storage medium stores a data processing program, and when the data processing program is processed and executed, the above-mentioned laser shock strengthening method based on energy closed-loop control is implemented.

[0065] If the device of the above strengthening method is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention can implement all or part of the processes in a laser shock strengthening method based on energy closed-loop control described in the above embodiment, and can also be completed by indicating related hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the above method embodiment. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device that can carry the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), electrical carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0066] In the specification and claims of the present application, the words "include / comprise" and the words "have / include" and their variations are used to specify the existence of stated features, values, steps or components, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, values, steps, components or combinations thereof.

[0067] Some features of the present invention are described in different embodiments for clarity of description, however, these features may also be described in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, some features of the present invention are described in only a single embodiment for brevity, however, these features may also be described in different embodiments alone or in any suitable combination.

[0068] It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments and / or technical features in the various embodiments described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other, and the technical solutions obtained after the combination should also fall within the protection scope of this application. It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the size of the sequence number of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser shock peening method based on energy closed-loop control, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: According to each area to be strengthened of the part, set the laser pulse energy value E of the laser impact on each area to be strengthened with an allowable fluctuation range of ±A%, and arrange the set laser pulse energy values ​​E corresponding to all strengthening spots in the area to be strengthened in order, generate an energy value curve and record it in the computer control system; Step 2: According to each of the areas to be strengthened, by setting the motion posture of the part control unit, a part motion processing program is generated, the required strengthening spot size and strengthening spot sequence are formed in different strengthening areas of the part, and the strengthening spot information of the part motion processing program is matched one by one with the laser pulse energy value E of the energy value curve through the computer control system; Step 3: Set the laser absorption cell unit to the on state, control the operation of the laser and the energy monitoring and feedback unit through the computer control system, measure the energy test value of each laser pulse output by the laser for laser shock strengthening, compare the measured energy test value of each laser pulse with the corresponding laser pulse energy value E in the energy value curve, if the measured first laser pulse energy test value E1 exceeds E±B% and does not exceed the fluctuation range of E±A%, adjust the second laser pulse energy test value output by the laser through the energy dynamic adjustment unit, and so on, until the Nth laser pulse energy test value E1 output by the laser is reached. N Within the fluctuation range of E±B%, the first laser pulse energy test value E is completed. N Closed-loop regulation and updating the control data of the laser pulse energy test value of the energy dynamic regulation unit; Step 4: Set all laser pulse energy test values ​​E in step 3 that meet the fluctuation range of E±B% N＝1,2,3… As the actual laser pulse energy output value, determine whether the actual laser pulse energy output value enters the corresponding set laser pulse energy value E within the fluctuation range of ±A%. If so, set the laser absorption cell unit to the off state, and perform automatic laser shock strengthening on the part according to the part motion processing program. If not, repeat the above step 3.

2. A laser shock peening method based on energy closed-loop control as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, step 3 and step 4, the allowable fluctuation range of ±A% is ±10%; in step 3 and step 4, the fluctuation range of E±B% is E±5%.

3. The laser shock peening method based on energy closed-loop control according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the laser pulse energy values ​​E corresponding to the area to be enhanced are arranged and numbered in sequence, and an energy value curve is generated and recorded.

4. The laser shock peening method based on energy closed-loop control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic laser shock peening process is point-by-point processing.

5. A laser shock peening device based on energy closed-loop control, characterized in that: Used to implement the method described in any one of claims 1 to 4; the device comprises: A laser, used for generating a laser beam, and causing the generated laser beam to be incident on the energy monitoring and feedback unit; An energy monitoring and feedback unit, comprising a sampling lens and a pulse energy detector, wherein the sampling lens is used to reflect the incident laser beam to the pulse energy detector, and the pulse energy detector is used to feed back the sampled energy value to a computer control system; A laser absorption cell unit, comprising a total reflection mirror, a laser absorption cell and a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is used to drive the total reflection mirror to cut in and out of the output light path, and when the total reflection mirror cuts into the output light path, the total reflection mirror is used to reflect the laser beam on the output light path to the laser absorption cell; A parts control unit is used to clamp and fix the parts and drive the parts to move along a preset path; The computer control system is used to achieve coordinated movement with the laser, energy monitoring and feedback unit, laser absorption cell unit, and part control unit, and to achieve laser pulse energy closed-loop control together with the laser and energy monitoring and feedback unit, and to record and update the data of the laser pulse energy closed-loop control.

6. The laser shock peening device based on energy closed-loop control as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The device further comprises: a light spot shaping unit, which is arranged between the laser absorption cell unit and the part control unit and is used for focusing or shaping the laser beam into a light spot shape and size required by laser shock strengthening.

7. The laser shock peening device based on energy closed-loop control as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The reflectivity of the sampling lens is 1% to 10%.

8. The laser shock peening device based on energy closed-loop control as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The laser is a nanosecond pulse laser comprising a local oscillator stage and an amplifier stage.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a data processing program, and when the data processing program is processed and executed, the laser shock strengthening method based on energy closed-loop control described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

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