Hydraulic breaking hammer middle cylinder assembly

Abstract

The application discloses a middle cylinder assembly of a hydraulic breaking hammer, which comprises a middle cylinder body assembly, a piston and a reversing valve, and a compression chamber, a high-pressure chamber and a variable-pressure chamber are sequentially arranged in the inner hole of the middle cylinder body assembly from left to right, a reversing pressure relief groove and an oil return groove are arranged at the left side of the compression chamber, a reversing groove is arranged between the high-pressure chamber and the variable-pressure chamber or the reversing groove and a high-pressure groove are arranged at the right side of the variable-pressure chamber, the reversing groove and the reversing pressure relief groove are connected with the reversing chamber of the reversing valve through the internal oil passage of the middle cylinder body assembly, the oil return groove is connected with the low-pressure oil passage in the middle cylinder body, the left part of the piston is provided with a pressure relief ring groove for connecting the reversing pressure relief groove and the oil return groove, when the reversing groove and the high-pressure groove are arranged at the right side of the variable-pressure chamber, the high-pressure groove is connected with the high-pressure oil passage in the middle cylinder body, and the right part of the piston is provided with a reversing ring groove for connecting the reversing groove and the high-pressure groove. The middle cylinder assembly can realize the working cycle of the breaking hammer, prolong the service life of the oil seal, improve the support and lubrication of the high-pressure oil film and prevent the piston and the cylinder body from being abraded and strained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic breaker technology, specifically to the cylinder assembly of a hydraulic breaker. Background Technology

[0002] See Figure 1 The existing hydraulic breaker cylinder assembly shown includes an existing cylinder body 6, an existing piston 7, an existing reversing valve 8, and an existing piston ring 9. The existing piston ring 9 is assembled at the right end of the inner bore of the existing cylinder body 6. The existing cylinder body 6, from left to right, has an existing compression chamber 61, an existing high-pressure chamber 62, an existing transformer chamber 65, and an existing reversing groove 63 and an existing oil return groove 64 located between the existing high-pressure chamber 62 and the existing transformer chamber 65. (See [reference]). Figure 2 The existing piston 7 has an existing pressure relief ring groove 71 in its middle section, which connects the existing reversing groove 63 and the existing oil return groove 64 when the piston moves to the left to the set position. See also Figure 3 During operation, the existing valve core 802 of the existing directional control valve 8 moves to the right and is positioned on the right side under the pressure of the high-pressure oil in the high-pressure chamber 801 of the existing directional control valve. The existing transformer chamber 62 on the right side of the existing cylinder block 6 is disconnected from the high-pressure oil passage of the existing directional control valve 8 and switched to be connected to the low-pressure return oil passage of the existing directional control valve 8. The existing high-pressure chamber 62 on the left side of the existing cylinder block 6 is always connected to the high-pressure oil passage of the existing directional control valve 8, and the high-pressure oil in the existing high-pressure chamber 62 drives the existing piston 7 to move to the right. When the end face between the left and middle sections of the existing piston 7 reaches the existing reversing groove 63, the high-pressure oil in the existing high-pressure chamber 62 enters the existing reversing groove 63, and then enters the existing reversing chamber 803 of the existing reversing valve 8 through the internal oil passage of the existing middle cylinder 6. This pushes the existing valve core 802 of the existing reversing valve 8 to move to the left, connecting the high-pressure oil passage of the existing reversing valve 8 with the existing pressure transformer chamber 65 of the existing middle cylinder 6. High-pressure oil enters the existing pressure transformer chamber 65. Because the hydraulic oil action area of ​​the right section of the existing piston 7 is greater than that of the left section, the hydraulic force to the left is greater than the hydraulic force to the right, causing the existing piston 7 to begin moving to the left. Simultaneously, the high-pressure oil in the existing high-pressure chamber 8 is discharged into the high-pressure oil passage. (See also...) Figure 4As the existing piston 7 continues to move to the left, the existing pressure relief ring groove 71 in its middle section connects the existing reversing groove 63 and the existing oil return groove 64. The pilot high-pressure oil in the existing reversing chamber 803 of the existing reversing valve 8 flows back to the existing reversing groove 63 through the oil passage inside the existing cylinder block 6, and then flows back to the existing oil return groove 64 through the existing pressure relief ring groove 71 in the middle section of the existing piston 7, entering the internal low-pressure oil passage of the existing cylinder block 6. This causes the high pressure inside the existing reversing chamber 803 of the existing reversing valve 8 to be relieved, and the existing valve core 802 in the existing reversing valve 8 Under the action of high-pressure oil in the existing high-pressure chamber 801, the piston moves to the right to reset, cutting off the connection between the high-pressure oil passage of the existing directional valve 8 and the existing pressure transformer chamber 65 of the existing cylinder 6. The oil passage of the existing pressure transformer chamber 65 is switched to be connected to the low-pressure return oil passage of the existing directional valve 8. Under the action of high-pressure oil in the existing high-pressure chamber 62 on the left side of the existing cylinder 6, the existing piston 7 begins to move to the right. The hydraulic oil in the existing pressure transformer chamber 65 is discharged and enters the low-pressure return oil passage. The existing piston 6 begins to move to the right and enters the next reciprocating cycle.

[0003] When the existing piston 7 moves to the left, an ultra-high pressure hydraulic pulse is generated in the existing compression chamber 61 of the existing cylinder 6. This ultra-high pressure hydraulic pulse is transmitted directly to the main oil seal lip on the left side of the existing cylinder 6 through the gap between the inner surface of the existing cylinder 6 and the outer surface of the left section of the existing piston 7. Under the impact of the high temperature and high pressure hydraulic oil, the oil seal deteriorates and fails, greatly reducing the service life of the main oil seal. Therefore, existing products generally require disassembly and maintenance and oil seal replacement after about 500 hours of operation.

[0004] Simultaneously, when the existing piston 7 moves to the left in an impact motion, after the existing pressure relief ring groove 71 in its middle section connects the existing reversing groove 63 and the existing oil return groove 64 on the existing cylinder block 6, the high-pressure hydraulic oil on the left and right sides of the middle section of the existing piston 6 leaks into the existing oil return groove 64 through the gap between the inner circular surface of the existing cylinder block 6 and the outer circular surface of the middle section of the existing piston 7, and enters the low-pressure oil passage of the existing cylinder block 6. Therefore, a complete and stable high-pressure oil film cannot be established on the entire middle section of the existing piston 7, and the high-pressure oil film support and lubrication function of this part of the piston surface are lost. Moreover, in order to prevent excessive internal pressure relief from causing loss of impact energy, the fitting clearance between the middle section of the existing piston 7 and the corresponding part of the existing cylinder block 6 is generally controlled to be relatively small, about 0.10 mm in the diameter direction. The lack of a high-pressure oil film at this point can easily cause wear and scoring on the outer circular surface of the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder block at this point. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydraulic breaker cylinder assembly that not only enables the reciprocating motion cycle of the piston to complete the normal operation of the hydraulic breaker, but also effectively improves the working environment of the main oil seal and extends its service life. Furthermore, by improving the high-pressure oil film support and lubrication between the piston and the cylinder, it enhances the wear resistance and anti-striking ability between the piston and the cylinder.

[0006] The hydraulic breaker cylinder assembly of the present invention includes a cylinder body assembly, a piston, and a reversing valve. The cylinder body assembly has a compression chamber, a high-pressure chamber, and a transformer chamber arranged sequentially from left to right within its inner bore. The cylinder body assembly has a reversing pressure relief groove and a return oil groove in the region on the left side of the compression chamber. The cylinder body assembly also has a reversing groove between the high-pressure chamber and the transformer chamber, or a reversing groove and a high-pressure groove in the region on the right side of the transformer chamber. The reversing groove and the reversing pressure relief groove are connected by an internal oil passage in the cylinder body assembly and then connected to the reversing chamber of the reversing valve. The return oil groove is connected to a low-pressure oil passage inside the cylinder body assembly. The piston has a pressure relief ring groove on its left side, which connects the reversing pressure relief groove and the return oil groove when the piston moves to a set position to the left. When the region on the right side of the transformer chamber... When the region is provided with a reversing groove and a high-pressure groove, the reversing groove and the reversing pressure relief groove are connected by an internal oil passage of the middle cylinder block assembly and then connected to the reversing chamber of the reversing valve. The high-pressure groove is connected to the internal high-pressure oil passage of the middle cylinder block assembly. The piston is provided with a reversing ring groove on the right side, which is used to connect the reversing groove and the high-pressure groove when the piston moves to the right to a set position. The middle cylinder block assembly includes a middle cylinder block and a first piston ring fitted into the inner hole on the right side of the transformer chamber of the middle cylinder block, or the middle cylinder block assembly includes a middle cylinder block and a second piston ring fitted into the inner hole on the left side of the compression chamber of the middle cylinder block, or the middle cylinder block assembly includes a middle cylinder block and a first piston ring fitted into the inner hole on the right side of the transformer chamber of the middle cylinder block and a second piston ring fitted into the inner hole on the left side of the compression chamber of the middle cylinder block.

[0007] When a reversing groove is provided between the high-pressure chamber and the transformer chamber of the cylinder block assembly, during operation, the reversing valve spool moves to the right under the action of high-pressure oil in the high-pressure chamber of the reversing valve and is positioned on the right side. The connection between the right-side transformer chamber of the cylinder block assembly and the high-pressure oil passage of the reversing valve is cut off, and it switches to be connected to the low-pressure return oil passage of the reversing valve. The high-pressure chamber on the left side of the cylinder block assembly remains connected to the high-pressure oil passage of the reversing valve, and high-pressure oil enters the high-pressure chamber. Driven by the high-pressure oil in the high-pressure chamber, the piston begins to move to the right. When the end face between the left and middle sections of the piston reaches the reversing groove between the high-pressure chamber and the transformer chamber of the cylinder block assembly, the high-pressure oil in the high-pressure chamber enters the reversing groove and enters the reversing chamber of the reversing valve through the internal oil passage of the cylinder block assembly, thereby pushing the reversing valve spool to the left. The high-pressure oil passage of the reversing valve then connects with the right-side transformer chamber of the cylinder block assembly, and high-pressure oil enters the transformer chamber. Because the hydraulic oil action area on the right side of the piston is greater than that on the left side, the hydraulic force to the left is greater than that to the right, causing the piston to begin moving to the left. Simultaneously, the high-pressure oil in the high-pressure chamber is discharged and enters the high-pressure oil passage. As the piston continues to move to the left, the pressure relief ring groove on the left section of the piston connects the reversing pressure relief groove and the return oil groove of the middle cylinder assembly. The pilot high-pressure oil in the reversing valve's reversing chamber flows back to the reversing pressure relief groove through the internal oil passage of the middle cylinder assembly, then back to the return oil groove through the reversing ring groove on the left section of the piston, and finally enters the internal low-pressure oil passage of the middle cylinder assembly. This causes the pilot high-pressure oil in the reversing valve's reversing chamber to depressurize. Under the action of the high-pressure oil in the high-pressure chamber of the reversing valve, the valve core moves to the right to reset, reconnecting the connection between the right-side transformer chamber of the middle cylinder assembly and the high-pressure oil passage of the reversing valve, and reconnecting it to the low-pressure return oil passage of the reversing valve. The piston begins to move to the right under the action of high-pressure oil in the high-pressure chamber on the left side of the cylinder block assembly. The hydraulic oil in the transformer chamber is then discharged and enters the low-pressure return oil passage, starting the next reciprocating cycle.

[0008] When a commutation groove and a high-pressure groove are provided in the area on the right side of the variable pressure chamber of the middle cylinder block assembly, during operation, the spool of the commutation valve moves to the right under the action of the high-pressure oil in the high-pressure oil chamber of the commutation valve and is in the right position. The connection between the variable pressure chamber on the right side of the middle cylinder block assembly and the high-pressure oil passage of the commutation valve is cut off, and it is switched to communicate with the low-pressure oil return passage of the commutation valve. The high-pressure chamber on the left side of the middle cylinder block assembly is always connected to the high-pressure oil passage of the commutation valve, and high-pressure oil enters the high-pressure chamber. The piston moves to the right under the drive of the high-pressure oil in the high-pressure chamber on the left side of the middle cylinder block assembly. When the piston moves to the right until its commutation ring groove connects and communicates the commutation groove and the high-pressure groove of the middle cylinder block assembly, the high-pressure oil in the high-pressure groove is introduced into the commutation groove of the middle cylinder block assembly through the commutation ring groove of the piston. Through the internal oil passage of the middle cylinder block assembly, this high-pressure oil enters the commutation chamber of the commutation valve, driving the spool of the commutation valve to move to the left. The high-pressure oil passage of the commutation valve is connected to the variable pressure chamber on the right side of the middle cylinder block assembly, and high-pressure oil enters the variable pressure chamber on the right part of the middle cylinder block assembly, thereby driving the piston to start moving to the left. At the same time, the high-pressure oil in the high-pressure chamber is discharged and enters the high-pressure oil passage. The piston continues to move to the left, and the pressure relief ring groove on the left part of the piston connects the commutation pressure relief groove and the oil return groove of the middle cylinder block. The high-pressure oil in the commutation chamber of the commutation valve flows back to the commutation pressure relief groove through the internal oil passage of the middle cylinder block assembly, and then enters the oil return groove through the pressure relief ring groove on the left section of the piston, and finally returns to the internal low-pressure oil passage of the middle cylinder block assembly. The pilot high-pressure oil in the commutation chamber of the commutation valve is relieved of pressure, and the spool moves to the right and resets under the action of the high-pressure oil in the high-pressure oil chamber of the commutation valve, closing the connection between the variable pressure chamber on the right side of the middle cylinder block assembly and the high-pressure oil passage of the commutation valve again and switching to connect with the low-pressure oil return passage of the commutation valve. The piston starts to move to the right under the action of the high-pressure oil in the high-pressure chamber on the left side of the middle cylinder block assembly, and the hydraulic oil in the variable pressure chamber is discharged and enters the low-pressure oil return passage, starting the next cycle of reciprocating motion.

[0009] Further, the piston includes a left section, a middle section, and a right section. The diameter D2 of the middle section > the diameter D1 of the left section > the diameter D3 of the right section. The pressure relief ring groove is annularly provided on the left section; when the commutation groove and the high-pressure groove are provided in the area on the right side of the variable pressure chamber of the middle cylinder block assembly, a commutation ring groove is provided on the right section of the piston.

[0010] Further, a first relief groove is provided on the connection surface between the left section and the middle section of the piston, and a second relief groove is provided on the connection surface between the middle section and the right section of the piston; a plurality of oil storage ring grooves are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the middle section of the piston.

[0011] Further, one or more piston ring grooves are provided on the middle section of the piston, and one or more third piston rings are installed in the piston ring grooves.

[0012] Furthermore, the oil return groove is located on the right side of the reversing pressure relief groove, or the oil return groove is located on the left side of the reversing pressure relief groove; the high pressure groove is located on the right side of the reversing groove, or the high pressure groove is located on the left side of the reversing groove; the positions of the reversing pressure relief groove and the oil return groove, the positions of the reversing groove and the high pressure groove, and their relative positions are arranged in four different configurations through various combinations.

[0013] Furthermore, the middle cylinder assembly has an air seal groove, a second oil seal groove, and a first oil seal groove arranged sequentially from right to left in the hole in the right side region of the transformer chamber, starting from the rightmost end face;

[0014] The middle cylinder assembly has a dustproof groove, a third oil seal groove, and a fourth oil seal groove arranged sequentially from left to right, starting from the leftmost end face in the hole on the left side of the compression chamber; a U-shaped sealing ring or a step seal is installed in the fourth oil seal groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner bore of the middle cylinder block assembly has an inner ring groove on the right side of the fourth oil seal groove that communicates with the high-pressure oil passage inside the middle cylinder block assembly, and the inner ring groove is located on the left side of the reversing pressure relief groove and the return oil groove.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0017] 1. This invention, by setting a reversing pressure relief groove and a return oil groove in the left side area of ​​the compression chamber of the middle cylinder assembly, ensures that the piston can reciprocate normally. When the piston moves to the left, the high-pressure hydraulic pulse generated in the compression chamber is blocked by the return oil groove and the reversing pressure relief groove, and cannot directly act on the oil seal lip. This greatly improves the working environment of the oil seal, reduces the impact and deterioration effect of high-pressure hydraulic pulses on the oil seal, and can greatly improve the service life of the oil seal, extend the downtime for maintenance of the hydraulic breaker and its final service life.

[0018] 2. This invention employs a separate design for the reversing and reversing pressure relief oil passages. The reversing groove and return oil groove, which are concentrated between the high-pressure chamber and the transformer chamber in existing products, are moved from the center of the cylinder block. The reversing pressure relief function is placed on the left side of the cylinder block assembly and the piston, while the reversing function is placed on the right side of the transformer chamber of the cylinder block assembly. This ensures that the middle section of the piston is always stably covered by a high-pressure oil film. Simultaneously, the high-pressure groove located on the right side of the transformer chamber of the cylinder block assembly also provides a source of high-pressure oil film and lubrication for the mating surface between the right side of the piston and the cylinder block assembly. Based on the principle of torque, the high-pressure oil film on the right side of the piston provides significant support, effectively stabilizing the piston's movement within the cylinder block assembly's inner bore. Meanwhile, the reversing pressure relief groove on the left side of the piston maintains a certain high pressure during the piston's leftward movement. Furthermore, when the inner ring groove on the right side of the main oil seal connects with the high-pressure area inside the cylinder block, most of the left section of the piston is also covered by a high-pressure oil film, which is beneficial for piston support and lubrication. The separate arrangement of the reversing and pressure relief oil passages allows the piston to effectively achieve complete and stable high-pressure oil film support and lubrication throughout the left, middle and right sections, which can effectively prevent wear and scoring of the piston and cylinder block.

[0019] 3. The piston of the present invention has one or more piston ring grooves on its middle section, and a third piston ring is installed in the corresponding groove. When the piston moves to the left within the middle cylinder assembly, the third piston ring in the middle section of the piston can block the leakage of high-pressure hydraulic oil from the gap between the inner surface of the middle cylinder and the outer surface of the middle section of the piston, reducing hydraulic loss and improving the effective conversion of hydraulic energy into piston impact power, thus effectively increasing the impact force of the hydraulic breaker. At the same time, the third piston ring can also support the piston during its movement within the middle cylinder, preventing collisions and damage between the piston and the inner wall of the middle cylinder, effectively improving the stability and service life of the hydraulic breaker. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cylinder assembly in an existing hydraulic breaker;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an existing piston structure;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the existing piston moving to the right;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the existing piston moving to the left.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder assembly in the hydraulic breaker according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the piston structure described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the piston moving to the right as described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the piston moving to the left as described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder assembly in the hydraulic breaker according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the piston structure described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the piston moving to the right as described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the piston moving to the left as described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 13 This is an assembly diagram of the third piston ring described in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder assembly in the hydraulic breaker according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder assembly in the hydraulic breaker according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder assembly in the hydraulic breaker according to Embodiment Six of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder assembly in the hydraulic breaker according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram, 1—middle cylinder block, 101—compression chamber, 102—high pressure chamber, 103—transformer chamber, 104—reversing pressure relief groove, 105—oil return groove, 106—reversing groove, 107—high pressure groove.

[0038] 111—Dustproof groove, 112—Third oil seal groove, 113—Fourth oil seal groove, 114—Inner ring groove,

[0039] 2—Piston, 211—Pressure relief ring groove, 212—Reversing ring groove, 213—Oil reservoir ring groove, 214—First retraction groove, 215—Second retraction groove, 216—Piston ring groove, 217—Third piston ring, 218—Left section, 219—Middle section, 220—Right section

[0040] 3—Directional control valve; 301—High-pressure chamber of directional control valve; 302—Valve core; 303—Directional control chamber.

[0041] 4—First piston ring; 401—First radial hole; 402—First outer ring groove; 403—Second radial hole; 404—Second outer ring groove; 405—First oil seal groove; 406—Second oil seal groove; 407—Gas seal groove.

[0042] 5—Second piston ring, 501—Third radial hole, 502—Third outer ring groove, 503—Fourth radial hole, 504—Fourth outer ring groove.

[0043] 6—Existing intermediate cylinder block; 61—Existing compression chamber; 62—Existing high-pressure chamber; 63—Existing reversing groove; 64—Existing oil return groove; 65—Existing transformer chamber.

[0044] 7—Existing piston, 71—Existing pressure relief ring groove, 8—Existing directional valve, 801—Existing directional valve high-pressure chamber, 802—Existing valve core, 803—Existing directional chamber, 9—Existing piston ring. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this invention.

[0046] Example 1, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 The hydraulic breaker cylinder assembly shown includes a cylinder body assembly, a piston 2, and a reversing valve 3. The cylinder body assembly has, from left to right, a compression chamber 101, a high-pressure chamber 102, and a transformer chamber 103. The cylinder body assembly has a reversing pressure relief groove 104 and a return oil groove 105 on the left side of the compression chamber 101, and a reversing groove 106 and a high-pressure groove 107 on the right side of the transformer chamber 103. The reversing groove 106 and the reversing pressure relief groove 104 are connected by an internal oil passage in the cylinder body assembly and then connected to the reversing chamber 303 of the reversing valve 3. The return oil groove 105 is connected to a low-pressure oil passage inside the cylinder body assembly, and the high-pressure groove 107 is connected to a high-pressure oil passage inside the cylinder body assembly.

[0047] The cylinder block assembly includes a cylinder block 1 and a first piston ring 4 fitted into the right inner bore of the transformer chamber 103 of the cylinder block 1. A reversing pressure relief groove 104 and an oil return groove 105 are located on the left inner bore of the cylinder block 1, and a reversing groove 106 and a high-pressure groove 107 are located on the inner bore of the first piston ring 4. The first piston ring 4 has a first radial hole 401 and a first outer ring groove 402 communicating with the reversing groove 106. The internal oil passages of the cylinder block 1 communicate with the reversing groove 106 through the first outer ring groove 402 and the first radial hole 401. The first piston ring 4 has a second radial hole 403 and a second outer ring groove 404 communicating with the high-pressure groove 107. The internal oil passages of the cylinder block 1 communicate with the high-pressure groove 107 through the second outer ring groove 404 and the second radial hole 403.

[0048] The piston 2 comprises a left section 218, a middle section 219, and a right section 220 connected sequentially from left to right. The diameter D2 of the middle section 219 is greater than the diameter D1 of the left section 218, which is greater than the diameter D3 of the right section 220. The left section 218 of the piston 2 is provided with a pressure relief ring groove 211, which connects the reversing pressure relief groove 104 and the oil return groove 105 when the piston 2 moves to the left to a set position. The right section 220 of the piston 2 is provided with a reversing ring groove 212, which connects the reversing groove 106 and the high-pressure groove 107 when the piston 2 moves to the right to a set position.

[0049] The connecting surface of the left section 218 and the middle section 219 of the piston 2 is provided with a first relief groove 214, and the connecting surface of the middle section 219 and the right section 220 is provided with a second relief groove 215, which facilitates machining. The middle section 219 of the piston 2 is provided with multiple oil storage ring grooves 213 to improve the oil storage capacity and lubrication performance of the middle section 219 of the piston.

[0050] The inner end face of the cylinder block assembly has, from right to left, a gas seal groove 407, a second oil seal groove 406, and a first oil seal groove 405. The inner end face of the cylinder block assembly has, from left to right, a dustproof groove 111, a third oil seal groove 112, and a fourth oil seal groove 113, to ensure the sealing performance between the left and right ends of the cylinder block assembly and the piston 2. A U-shaped sealing ring or a Step seal is installed in the fourth oil seal groove 113. The inner bore of the cylinder block assembly has an inner ring groove 114 on the right side of the fourth oil seal groove 113, which communicates with the high-pressure oil passage inside the cylinder block assembly. The inner ring groove 114 is located to the left of the reversing pressure relief groove 104 and the return oil groove 105. Since the right side of the cylinder block assembly is provided with a first piston ring 4, the first oil seal groove 405, the second oil seal groove 406 and the gas seal groove 407 are located on the inner hole of the first piston ring 4, and the dustproof groove 111, the third oil seal groove 112 and the fourth oil seal groove 113 are located on the inner hole of the cylinder block 1.

[0051] This invention provides a reversing pressure relief groove 104 and a return oil groove 105 on the left side of the compression chamber 101 of the middle cylinder assembly. Under the premise of ensuring that the piston 2 can reciprocate normally, when the piston 2 moves to the left, the high-pressure hydraulic pulse generated in the compression chamber 101 is blocked by the return oil groove 105 and the reversing pressure relief groove 104, and cannot directly act on the oil seal installed in the fourth oil seal groove 113. This greatly improves the working environment of the oil seal, reduces the impact and deterioration effect of high temperature and high pressure hydraulic pulses on the oil seal, and can greatly improve the service life of the oil seal, extend the downtime maintenance time of the hydraulic breaker and its final service life.

[0052] This invention employs a separate design for the reversing and reversing pressure relief oil passages. The reversing groove and return groove, which are concentrated between the high-pressure chamber and the transformer chamber in existing products, are moved from the center of the cylinder block. The reversing pressure relief function is placed on the left side of the cylinder block 1, while the reversing function is located on the right side of the cylinder block assembly, specifically on the inner hole of the first piston ring 4 on the right side of the transformer chamber 103. This ensures that the entire outer surface of the piston 2 is consistently covered by a stable high-pressure oil film. Simultaneously, because the reversing groove 106 and the high-pressure groove 107 are located on the inner hole of the first piston ring 4 on the right side of the transformer chamber 103 in the cylinder block assembly, the high-pressure groove 107 provides high-pressure oil film support and strong lubrication to the mating surface between the right side of the piston 2 and the inner hole of the first piston ring 4. Based on the principle of torque, the supporting effect of the high-pressure oil film on the right side of the piston 2 is significant, effectively stabilizing the movement of the piston 2 within the inner hole of the cylinder block assembly. The reversing pressure relief groove 104 on the left side of piston 2 maintains a certain high pressure in the hydraulic oil during the piston's leftward movement. Furthermore, when the inner ring groove 114 on the right side of the fourth oil seal groove 113 connects to the high pressure, most of the left section of piston 2 is covered by a high-pressure oil film, which is beneficial for piston 2's support and lubrication. Moreover, the high-pressure oil in the area from the right section of the fourth oil seal groove 113 to the reversing pressure relief groove 104 can flow back to the low-pressure oil passage through the return oil groove 105 when piston 2 moves to the right. There is no oil trapping phenomenon in this area, so the high-pressure oil near the fourth oil seal groove 113 is less prone to pressure trapping and high temperature, improving the working environment of the oil seal and increasing its service life. This separate arrangement of the reversing and pressure relief oil passages effectively provides complete and stable high-pressure oil film support and lubrication throughout the entire left, middle, and right sections of piston 2, effectively preventing wear and scoring of the piston and cylinder block.

[0053] It should be noted that the oil return groove 105 is located on the right side of the reversing pressure relief groove 104, or on the left side of the reversing pressure relief groove 104; the high-pressure groove 107 is located on the right side of the reversing groove 106, or on the left side of the reversing groove 106. Furthermore, the positions of the reversing pressure relief groove 104 and the oil return groove 105, the positions of the reversing groove 106 and the high-pressure groove 107, and their relative positions can be arranged in four different configurations through various combinations. The illustrations in this invention only indicate one arrangement and are not intended to limit the specific arrangement.

[0054] See Figure 7 During operation, the valve core 302 of the reversing valve 3 moves to the right under the action of high-pressure oil in the high-pressure chamber 301 of the reversing valve and is positioned on the right side. The connection between the right-side transformer chamber 103 of the cylinder block assembly and the high-pressure oil passage of the reversing valve 3 is cut off, and the transformer chamber 103 is connected to the low-pressure return oil passage through the reversing valve 3. The high-pressure chamber 102 on the left side of the cylinder block assembly is always connected to the high-pressure oil passage of the reversing valve 3, and high-pressure oil enters the high-pressure chamber. Piston 2 moves to the right under the drive of high-pressure oil in the high-pressure chamber 102 on the left side of the cylinder block assembly. When piston 2 moves to the right and its reversing ring groove 212 connects the reversing groove 106 and the high-pressure groove 107 of the cylinder block assembly, the high-pressure oil in the high-pressure groove 107 is introduced into the reversing groove 106 of the cylinder block assembly through the reversing ring groove 212 of piston 2. This high-pressure oil then enters the reversing chamber 303 of the reversing valve 3 through the internal oil passage of the cylinder block assembly, driving the valve core 302 of the reversing valve 3 to move to the left. The high-pressure oil passage of the reversing valve 3 connects with the transformer chamber 103 on the right side of the cylinder block assembly, allowing high-pressure oil to enter the right transformer chamber 103 of the cylinder block assembly, thereby driving piston 2 to begin moving to the left. Simultaneously, the high-pressure oil in the high-pressure chamber 102 is discharged into the high-pressure oil passage. (See also...) Figure 8 When piston 2 continues to move to the left, the pressure relief ring groove 211 on the left side of piston 2 connects the reversing pressure relief groove 104 and the return oil groove 105 in the inner bore of the cylinder block assembly. The high-pressure oil in the reversing chamber 303 of the reversing valve 3 flows back to the reversing pressure relief groove 104 through the internal oil passage of the cylinder block assembly, then enters the return oil groove 105 through the pressure relief ring groove 211 on the left side of piston 2, and finally returns to the low-pressure oil passage inside the cylinder block assembly, thus achieving pilot high pressure control in the reversing chamber 303 of the reversing valve 3. When the hydraulic oil is depressurized, the valve core 302 moves to the right and resets under the action of the high pressure in the reversing chamber 303, closing the high pressure oil passage of the right-side transformer chamber 103 of the middle cylinder assembly and switching to the low pressure return oil passage of the reversing valve 3. The piston 2 begins to move to the right under the action of the high pressure oil in the left-side high pressure chamber 102 of the middle cylinder assembly, and the hydraulic oil in the transformer chamber 103 is discharged and enters the low pressure return oil passage, starting the next reciprocating cycle.

[0055] Example 2, see Figure 9 and Figure 10The hydraulic breaker cylinder assembly shown includes a cylinder body assembly, a piston 2, and a reversing valve 3. The cylinder body assembly has, from left to right, a compression chamber 101, a high-pressure chamber 102, and a transformer chamber 103. A reversing pressure relief groove 104 and a return oil groove 105 are provided on the left side of the compression chamber 101. A reversing groove 106 is provided between the high-pressure chamber 102 and the transformer chamber 103. The reversing groove 106 and the reversing pressure relief groove 104 are connected by an internal oil passage in the cylinder body assembly and then connected to the reversing chamber 303 of the reversing valve 3. The return oil groove 105 is connected to a low-pressure oil passage inside the cylinder body assembly. The piston 2 includes a left section 218, a middle section 219, and a right section 220 connected from left to right. The outer diameter D2 of the middle section 219 is greater than the diameter D1 of the left section 218, which is greater than the diameter D3 of the right section 220. The left section 218 of the piston 2 is provided with a pressure relief ring groove 211, which is used to connect the reversing pressure relief groove 104 and the oil return groove 105 when the piston 2 moves to the left to the set position.

[0056] See Figure 11 During operation, the valve core 302 of the reversing valve 3 moves to the right and is positioned on the right side under the action of high-pressure oil in the high-pressure chamber 301 of the reversing valve. The connection between the right-side transformer chamber 103 of the middle cylinder assembly and the high-pressure oil passage of the reversing valve 3 is cut off, and the transformer chamber 103 is connected to the low-pressure return oil passage through the reversing valve 3. The high-pressure chamber 102 on the left side of the middle cylinder assembly is always connected to the high-pressure oil passage of the reversing valve 3, and high-pressure oil enters the high-pressure chamber. Driven by the high-pressure oil in the high-pressure chamber 102, the piston 2 begins to move to the right. When the end face between the left section 218 and the middle section 219 of piston 2 reaches the reversing groove 106 between the high-pressure chamber 102 and the transformer chamber 103 of the cylinder block assembly, the high-pressure oil in the high-pressure chamber 102 enters the reversing groove 106 and enters the reversing chamber 303 of the reversing valve 3 through the internal oil passage of the cylinder block assembly. This pushes the valve core 302 of the reversing valve 3 to move to the left, connecting the high-pressure oil passage of the reversing valve 3 with the transformer chamber 103 on the right side of the cylinder block assembly, allowing high-pressure oil to enter the transformer chamber 103. Since the hydraulic oil action area on the right side of piston 2 is greater than that on the left side, the hydraulic force to the left is greater than that to the right, causing piston 2 to begin moving to the left. The high-pressure oil is then discharged from the high-pressure chamber 102 and enters the high-pressure oil passage. (See also...) Figure 12When piston 2 continues to move to the left, and the pressure relief ring groove 211 on the left section 218 connects the reversing pressure relief groove 104 and the return oil groove 105, the pilot high-pressure oil in the reversing chamber 303 of the reversing valve 3 flows back to the reversing pressure relief groove 104 through the internal oil passage of the middle cylinder assembly, and then flows back to the return oil groove 105 through the reversing ring groove 211 of the left section 218 of the piston, and finally enters the internal low-pressure oil passage of the middle cylinder assembly, causing the high-pressure oil in the reversing chamber 303 of the reversing valve 3 to... When the pressure is released, the valve core 302 moves to the right and resets under the push of the high-pressure oil in the reversing chamber 303, closing the high-pressure oil passage of the right-side transformer chamber 103 of the middle cylinder assembly and the reversing valve 3, and switching to connect with the low-pressure return oil passage of the reversing valve 3. The piston 2 begins to move to the right under the action of the high-pressure oil in the left-side high-pressure chamber 102 of the middle cylinder assembly, and the hydraulic oil in the transformer chamber 103 is discharged and enters the low-pressure return oil passage, starting the next reciprocating cycle.

[0057] Example 3, based on Example 1, see [link to example]. Figure 13 The piston 2 has one or more piston ring grooves 216 on its middle section 219, and one or more third piston rings 217 are installed in these piston ring grooves 216 accordingly. When the piston 2 moves to the left, the third piston rings 217 installed in the piston ring grooves 216 on the middle section 219 of the piston 2 can effectively block the leakage of high-pressure hydraulic oil through the gap between the inner surface of the cylinder 1 and the outer surface of the middle section 219 of the piston 2, reduce high-pressure internal leakage loss, improve the effective conversion of hydraulic energy into piston impact energy, and improve the impact capability of the hydraulic breaker. At the same time, the third piston rings 217 can also support the piston 2 when it moves in the cylinder 1, effectively avoiding collision and scoring between the piston 2 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1, and improving the stability and service life of the hydraulic breaker. The number, spacing, and specific position of the piston ring grooves 216 on the middle section 218 are reasonably limited according to actual performance requirements.

[0058] To improve the oil storage and lubrication effect, multiple oil storage ring grooves 213 are provided on the outer circular surface of the middle section of the piston 2. Alternatively, multiple oil storage ring grooves 213 are provided on the inner circular surface between the high-pressure chamber 102 and the transformer chamber 103 of the middle cylinder 1. In this case, no oil storage ring grooves are provided on the outer circular surface of the middle section 219 of the piston 2.

[0059] Example 4, see Figure 14The hydraulic breaker cylinder assembly shown includes a cylinder body assembly, a piston 2, and a reversing valve 3. The cylinder body assembly includes a cylinder body 1 and a second piston ring 5 mounted on the inner hole of the cylinder body 1 located on the left side of the compression chamber 101. A reversing pressure relief groove 104 and a return oil groove 105 are located on the inner hole of the second piston ring 5. A reversing groove 106 and a high-pressure groove 107 are located on the inner hole of the transformer chamber 103 on the left side of the cylinder body 1. The second piston ring 5 has a third radial hole 501 and a third outer ring groove 502, which are connected in sequence and connected to the reversing pressure relief groove 104. The second piston ring 5 also has a fourth radial hole 503 and a fourth outer ring groove 504, which are connected in sequence and connected to the return oil groove 105. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1. The first piston ring 4 is not provided on the right side of the cylinder body assembly. By providing a second piston ring 5 that can be assembled and disassembled on the left side of the cylinder body assembly, the piston 2 can be installed during production and disassembled during maintenance.

[0060] The dustproof groove 111, the third oil seal groove 112, and the fourth oil seal groove 113 are located on the inner hole of the second piston ring 5; at the same time, since the first piston ring 4 is not provided on the right side of the middle cylinder assembly, the first oil seal groove 405, the second oil seal groove 405, and the air seal groove 407 are located on the inner hole of the right side of the middle cylinder 1, and their arrangement order is shown in the figure.

[0061] Example 5, see Figure 14 The hydraulic breaker cylinder assembly shown includes a cylinder body assembly, a piston 2, and a reversing valve 3. The cylinder body assembly includes a cylinder body 1, a first piston ring 4 fitted into the right inner hole of the transformer chamber 103 of the cylinder body 1, and a second piston ring 5 fitted into the left inner hole of the compression chamber of the cylinder body 1. The reversing groove 106 and the high-pressure groove 107 are located on the inner hole of the first piston ring 4, and the reversing pressure relief groove 104 and the oil return groove 105 are located on the inner hole of the second piston ring 5. The first piston ring 4 has a first radial hole 401 and a first outer ring groove 402, which are sequentially connected and connected to the reversing groove 106; the first piston ring 4 also has a second radial hole 403 and a second outer ring groove 404, which are sequentially connected and connected to the reversing groove 106. The second piston ring 5 has a third radial hole 501 and a third outer ring groove 502, which are connected in sequence and communicate with the reversing pressure relief groove 104; the second piston ring 5 also has a fourth radial hole 503 and a fourth outer ring groove 504, which are connected in sequence and communicate with the oil return groove 105. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1. By providing an assembleable and detachable piston ring 4 on the right side of the cylinder block assembly and an assembleable and detachable second piston ring 5 on the left side of the cylinder block assembly, the piston 2 can be assembled and disassembled from both the left and right sides, and the assembly and disassembly directions can be determined according to actual needs.

[0062] Meanwhile, since the right side of the cylinder block assembly is provided with a first piston ring 4 and the left side is provided with a second piston ring 5, the first oil seal groove 405, the second oil seal groove 405 and the gas seal groove 407 are located on the inner hole of the first piston ring 4, and the dustproof groove 111, the third oil seal groove 112 and the fourth oil seal groove 113 are located on the inner hole of the second piston ring 5.

[0063] Example 6, see Figure 16 The hydraulic breaker cylinder assembly shown includes a cylinder body assembly, a piston 2, and a reversing valve 3. The cylinder body assembly includes a cylinder body 1 and a second piston ring 5 mounted on the inner hole of the left side of the compression chamber 101. The cylinder body assembly has a reversing pressure relief groove 104 and a return oil groove 105 on the left side of the compression chamber 101, which are located on the inner hole of the second piston ring. The second piston ring 5 has a third radial hole 501 and a third outer ring groove 502 connected to the reversing pressure relief groove 104, through which the internal oil passages of the cylinder body 1 communicate with the reversing pressure relief groove 104. The second piston ring 5 also has a fourth radial hole 503 and a fourth outer ring groove 504 connected to the return oil groove 105, through which the internal oil passages of the cylinder body 1 communicate with the return oil groove 105. The middle cylinder assembly has a reversing groove 106 between the high-pressure chamber 102 and the transformer chamber 103. The first piston ring 4 is not provided on the right side of the middle cylinder assembly; otherwise, it is the same as in Embodiment 2. A second piston ring 5, which can be assembled and disassembled, is provided on the left side of the middle cylinder assembly to facilitate the installation of the piston 2 during production and its disassembly during maintenance.

[0064] The dustproof groove 111, the third oil seal groove 112, the fourth oil seal groove 113 and the inner ring groove 114 are located on the inner hole of the second piston ring 5; at the same time, since the first piston ring 4 is not provided on the right side of the middle cylinder assembly, the first oil seal groove 405, the second oil seal groove 405 and the air seal groove 407 are located on the inner hole of the right side of the middle cylinder 1, and their arrangement order is shown in the figure.

[0065] Example 7, see Figure 17The hydraulic breaker cylinder assembly shown includes a cylinder body assembly, a piston 2, and a reversing valve 3. The cylinder body assembly includes a cylinder body 1, a first piston ring 4 fitted into the right inner hole of the transformer chamber 103 of the cylinder body 1, and a second piston ring 5 fitted into the left inner hole of the compression chamber of the cylinder body 1. The cylinder body assembly has a reversing pressure relief groove 104 and a return oil groove 105 in the region on the left side of the compression chamber 101. The cylinder body assembly has a reversing groove 106 between the high-pressure chamber 102 and the transformer chamber 103. The second piston ring 5 has a third radial hole 501 and a third outer ring groove 502 communicating with the reversing pressure relief groove 104, through which the internal oil passages of the cylinder body 1 are connected to the reversing pressure relief groove 104. The second piston ring 5 has a fourth radial hole 503 and a fourth outer ring groove 504 communicating with the return oil groove 105, through which the internal oil passages of the cylinder body 1 are connected to the return oil groove 105. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 2. By providing a first piston ring 4 that can be assembled and disassembled on the right side of the middle cylinder block assembly, and a second piston ring 5 that can be assembled and disassembled on the left side of the middle cylinder block assembly, the piston 2 can be assembled and disassembled from both the left and right sides, and its assembly and disassembly direction can be determined according to actual needs.

[0066] Meanwhile, since the right side of the cylinder block assembly is provided with a first piston ring 4 and the left side is provided with a second piston ring 5, the first oil seal groove 405, the second oil seal groove 405 and the gas seal groove 407 are located on the inner hole of the first piston ring 4, and the dustproof groove 111, the third oil seal groove 112, the fourth oil seal groove 113 and the inner ring groove 114 are located on the inner hole of the second piston ring 5.

[0067] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A hydraulic breaker cylinder assembly, comprising a cylinder body assembly, a piston (2), and a directional valve (3), characterized in that: The inner bore of the cylinder block assembly is provided with a compression chamber (101), a high-pressure chamber (102), and a transformer chamber (103) from left to right. The cylinder block assembly has a reversing pressure relief groove (104) and an oil return groove (105) on the left side of the compression chamber (101). The cylinder block assembly has a reversing groove (106) in the area between the high-pressure chamber (102) and the transformer chamber (103) or a reversing groove (106) and a high-pressure groove (107) on the right side of the transformer chamber (103). The piston (2) includes a left section (218), a middle section (219) and a right section (220), wherein the diameter D2 of the middle section (219) is greater than the diameter D1 of the left section (218) and the diameter D3 of the right section (220); When the cylinder block assembly has a reversing groove (106) in the area between the high pressure chamber (102) and the transformer chamber (103), the reversing groove (106) is connected to the reversing pressure relief groove (104) through the internal oil passage of the cylinder block assembly, and then connected to the reversing chamber (303) of the reversing valve (3). The return oil groove (105) is connected to the internal low pressure oil passage of the cylinder block assembly. The piston (2) has a pressure relief ring groove (211) on the left side, which is used to connect the reversing pressure relief groove (104) and the return oil groove (105) when the piston (2) moves to the left to the set position. When the end face between the left section (218) and the middle section (219) of the piston (2) reaches the reversing groove (106) between the high pressure chamber (102) and the transformer chamber (103) of the cylinder block assembly, the high pressure oil in the high pressure chamber (102) enters the reversing groove (106). When the area on the right side of the transformer chamber (103) is provided with a reversing groove (106) and a high-pressure groove (107), the reversing groove (106) is connected to the reversing pressure relief groove (104) through the oil passage inside the middle cylinder assembly, and then connected to the reversing chamber (303) of the reversing valve (3). The high-pressure groove (107) is connected to the high-pressure oil passage inside the middle cylinder assembly. The piston (2) is provided with a reversing ring groove (212) on the right side, which is used to connect the reversing groove (106) and the high-pressure groove (107) when the piston (2) moves to the right to the set position. The piston (2) is provided with a pressure relief ring groove (211) on the left side (218), which is used to connect the reversing pressure relief groove (104) and the return oil groove (105) when the piston (2) moves to the left to the set position. The middle cylinder assembly includes a middle cylinder (1) and a first piston ring (4) fitted into the inner hole on the right side of the transformer chamber (103) of the middle cylinder (1). Alternatively, the middle cylinder assembly may include a middle cylinder (1) and a second piston ring (5) fitted into the left inner hole of the compression chamber (101) of the middle cylinder (1). Alternatively, the middle cylinder assembly may include a middle cylinder (1), a first piston ring (4) fitted into the inner hole on the right side of the transformer chamber (103) of the middle cylinder (1), and a second piston ring (5) fitted into the inner hole on the left side of the compression chamber (101) of the middle cylinder (1).

2. The hydraulic breaker cylinder assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting surfaces of the left section (218) and the middle section (219) of the piston (2) are provided with a first relief groove (214), and the connecting surfaces of the middle section (219) and the right section (220) of the piston (2) are provided with a second relief groove (215); a plurality of oil storage ring grooves (213) are provided on the outer circular surface of the middle section (219) of the piston (2).

3. The hydraulic breaker cylinder assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: One or more piston ring grooves (216) are provided on the middle section (219) of the piston (2), and one or more third piston rings (217) are installed in the piston ring grooves (216).

4. The hydraulic breaker cylinder assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil return groove (105) is located on the right side of the reversing pressure relief groove (104), or the oil return groove (105) is located on the left side of the reversing pressure relief groove (104); The high-pressure groove (107) is located on the right side of the reversing groove (106), or the high-pressure groove (107) is located on the left side of the reversing groove (106); The positions of the reversing pressure relief groove (104) and the return oil groove (105), the positions of the reversing groove (106) and the high pressure groove (107), and the positional relationship between them are arranged and combined to form four different configuration forms.

5. The hydraulic breaker cylinder assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner hole of the middle cylinder assembly located in the right side region of the transformer chamber is provided with an air seal groove (407), a second oil seal groove (406) and a first oil seal groove (405) from right to left starting from the rightmost end face; an air seal is installed in the air seal groove (407), and a U-shaped sealing ring or a step seal is installed in the first oil seal groove (405) and the second oil seal groove (406); The inner hole of the cylinder block assembly located on the left side of the compression chamber is provided with a dustproof groove (111), a third oil seal groove (112), and a fourth oil seal groove (113) from left to right starting from the leftmost end face; a dustproof ring is installed in the dustproof groove (111), a U-shaped sealing ring is placed in the third oil seal groove (112), and a U-shaped sealing ring or a step seal is installed in the fourth oil seal groove (113).

6. The hydraulic breaker cylinder assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner bore of the middle cylinder assembly has an inner ring groove (114) on the right side of the fourth oil seal groove (113) that communicates with the high-pressure oil passage in the middle cylinder assembly, and the inner ring groove (114) is located on the left side of the reversing pressure relief groove (104) and the return oil groove (105) in the area adjacent to the fourth oil seal groove (113).

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