An anti-oil interface water purification fabric and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention discloses an anti-oil-pollution interfacial water purification fabric and a preparation method and application thereof. The method utilizes a dip coating method to deposit a photothermal material polypyrrole and a biomimetic underwater super-oleophobic material gallic acid / 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane on a base cotton fabric to prepare an anti-oil-pollution light-driven water-air interfacial water purification fabric. The application is: assembling the anti-oil-pollution light-driven water-air interfacial water purification fabric and polystyrene foam from top to bottom in a two-dimensional water channel to form a solar interfacial water evaporation device. The entire preparation process of the photothermal material of the present invention is carried out in a room temperature water system, the raw materials are cheap and easily available, green and environmentally friendly, the process is simple and conducive to large-scale production, and in terms of performance, both efficient light absorption and underwater super-oleophobic functions are achieved, and it can be used for solar-driven purification of oil-containing water bodies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of environmental functional materials, and in particular to an oil-resistant light-driven water-air interface water purification fabric and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the context of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, solar interfacial water evaporation, as an environmentally friendly water treatment technology with a non-polluting energy source, has broad application prospects in fields such as seawater desalination and sewage treatment. Photothermal materials can convert solar energy into thermal energy to accelerate water evaporation, thereby separating water molecules from pollutants. Designing photothermal materials with excellent performance is the key to achieving effective solar water evaporation.

[0003] The water used in actual applications may contain oily substances, which may adhere to the photothermal material, hindering the transport of water and ultimately reducing the evaporation performance of the solar water evaporation device. In the prior art, although the surface modification system of oil-resistant materials represented by polydopamine is very powerful, there are defects such as the high price of dopamine monomer. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to explore other alternatives to obtain a photothermal material with the characteristics of simple preparation process, mild preparation conditions and easy to scale up production, and which can successfully resist oil pollution in oil-containing water bodies to achieve solar-driven water purification of oil-containing water bodies. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides an oil-resistant interfacial water purification fabric and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0005] The present invention uses a dip coating method to deposit a photothermal material polypyrrole and a biomimetic underwater superoleophobic material gallic acid / 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane on a base cotton fabric to prepare an anti-oil interface water purification fabric. Among them, polypyrrole is prepared by oxidative polymerization of pyrrole monomer by ferric chloride; the biomimetic underwater superoleophobic material is inspired by mussel foot protein with outstanding adhesion properties to various surfaces. The principle is that gallic acid with pyrogallol components can mainly undergo Michael addition and Schiff base reaction with the assistance of APTES with amino groups to form a mussel-like adhesion coating. The anti-oil interface water purification fabric is embedded in a polyethylene foam insulation device in the form of a two-dimensional water channel to form a solar interface water evaporation device, which can be used for solar-driven oil-containing water purification.

[0006] 1. A method for preparing a light-driven water-air interface water purification fabric that is resistant to oil pollution, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Add pyrrole aqueous solution (after ultrasonic dispersion for 1 to 30 minutes) and ferric chloride aqueous solution to a culture dish containing cotton fabric, and react at 5 to 40° C. (preferably 20 to 30° C.) for 0.5 to 10 hours. After the reaction, wash alternately with ethanol and water for 1 to 10 times to obtain polypyrrole cotton fabric.

[0008] (2) Gallic acid is dissolved in tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane aqueous solution to obtain gallic acid aqueous solution, APTES (aminopropyltriethoxysilane) is dissolved in ethanol solvent, and then the two solutions are mixed in a culture dish containing photothermal fabric, and reacted at 5-40° C. for 1-24 hours. After the reaction, the polypyrrole cotton fabric is washed with water for 1-10 times and air-dried for 1-72 hours to obtain an anti-oil interface water purification fabric.

[0009] The method of the present invention uses a dip coating method to deposit a photothermal material polypyrrole and a biomimetic underwater superoleophobic material gallic acid / 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane on a base cotton fabric to prepare an oil-resistant light-driven water-air interface water purification fabric. The application is: the oil-resistant light-driven water-air interface water purification fabric and polystyrene foam are assembled from top to bottom in a two-dimensional water channel to form a solar interface water evaporation device.

[0010] In step (1), the pyrrole aqueous solution is ultrasonically dispersed for 1 to 30 minutes and then added to a container containing cotton fabric.

[0011] The volume fraction of pyrrole in the pyrrole aqueous solution is 0.01-1.0% (more preferably 0.05-0.10%); the concentration of ferric chloride in the ferric chloride aqueous solution is 0.01-2 mol / L (more preferably 0.1-1 mol / L), wherein 0.05-0.6 mol / L (more preferably 0.1-0.5 mol / L) of HCl is dissolved to inhibit Fe 3+ hydrolysis; the volume ratio of the pyrrole aqueous solution to the ferric chloride aqueous solution is 0.1 to 2:1 (more preferably 0.5 to 1.5:1).

[0012] Preferably, the reaction time is 1 to 3 hours; and the mixture is washed alternately with ethanol and water 2 to 6 times.

[0013] In step (2), the concentration of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane in the tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane aqueous solution is 0.01 to 1 mol / L (more preferably 0.03 to 0.1 mol / L), wherein a certain amount of HCl is dissolved to control the pH value of the solution to 7 to 10 (more preferably 8 to 9); the concentration of gallic acid in the tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane aqueous solution is 0.1 to 5 g / L (more preferably 1 to 3 g / L); the concentration of the APTES ethanol solution is 10 to 50 g / L (more preferably 25 to 35 g / L); the volume ratio of the gallic acid aqueous solution to the APTES ethanol solution is 1 to 10:1 (more preferably 3 to 7:1).

[0014] Preferably, the reaction time is 1 to 24 hours; the fabric is washed with water for 2 to 6 times; and air-dried for 8 to 24 hours.

[0015] 2. Application of oil-resistant solar interfacial water evaporation devices based on oil-resistant interfacial water purification fabrics, namely, application of oil-resistant interfacial water purification fabrics in the preparation of solar-driven oil-resistant interfacial water evaporation devices.

[0016] The oil-resistant interfacial water purification fabric is embedded in the polyethylene foam insulation device in the form of two-dimensional water channels to form a solar-driven oil-resistant interfacial water evaporation device.

[0017] The performance of the oil-resistant interface water evaporation device was tested. In the evaporation experiment, the indoor temperature was maintained at 24-26°C and the humidity was 45%-65%. A solar simulator (CEL-AAAS50, Aulight) was used to provide 1kW m -2 Under sunlight, the oil-resistant interfacial water evaporation device was placed on a container filled with aqueous solution, the weight change was recorded with an electronic balance, and the evaporation rate was calculated to measure the evaporation performance of the device.

[0018] When studying the oil resistance of the device, soybean oil was injected into a beaker with a syringe, the weight change was recorded with an electronic balance, and the evaporation rate was calculated to measure the evaporation performance of the device in oil-containing water.

[0019] When studying the water purification effect of the device, the device is placed in a beaker filled with oily water or simulated seawater. The steam generated under irradiation condenses into liquid and reaches the inner wall of a large beaker for collecting condensed water. The collected condensed water is measured for TOC concentration using a total organic carbon analyzer and for ion content using ICP-MS.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] (1) A method for preparing a photothermal fabric by first dip-coating polypyrrole on cotton fabric and then dip-coating the underwater superoleophobic material gallic acid / 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to prepare a light-driven water-air interface water purification fabric that is resistant to oil pollution, which has the characteristics of low raw material price, simple preparation process, mild preparation conditions and easy scale-up production. The pyrogallol component in the selected gallic acid can be co-coated under alkaline conditions to obtain a similar mussel adhesion-inspired oil-resistant coating.

[0022] (2) It achieves both efficient light absorption and underwater superoleophobicity, and can be used for solar-driven purification of oily water bodies.

[0023] (3) The interfacial water evaporation device based on oil-resistant interfacial water purification fabric successfully purified TOC in oily wastewater and metal ions in simulated seawater.

[0024] (4) The entire preparation process of the photothermal material of the present invention is carried out in a room temperature water system. The raw materials are cheap and easily available, green and environmentally friendly, the process is simple and conducive to large-scale production, and the performance simultaneously achieves efficient light absorption and underwater superoleophobic function, and can be used for solar-driven water purification of oil-containing water bodies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Physical picture and SEM image of light-driven water-air interface water purification fabric that is resistant to oil pollution.

[0026] Figure 2 UV-Vis-NIR absorption and IR images of the stable state under illumination of the light-driven water-air interface water purification fabric for oil resistance.

[0027] Figure 3 Underwater Oil Contact Angle of Light-driven Water-Air Interface Water Purification Fabric for Oil-Resistant Fogging.

[0028] Figure 4 It is an oil-resistant solar interfacial water evaporation device based on oil-resistant fabric.

[0029] Figure 5 is the evaporation rate of the device in oily water and oil-free water. The results show that the device performance is similar in the two water bodies, confirming the anti-oil effect of the device.

[0030] Figure 6 The purification effect of the device on oily water and simulated seawater. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described in detail through the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] (1) Processing process of the present invention

[0033] A light-driven water-air interface water purification fabric that resists oil stains is prepared by a dip coating method, which is specifically as follows: first, 50 mL of a pyrrole aqueous solution (volume fraction 0.08%, ultrasonic dispersion 10 min) and 50 mL of a ferric chloride aqueous solution (0.5 mol / L, in which 0.3 mol / L HCl is dissolved to inhibit Fe 3+ Hydrolysis) was added to a petri dish containing cotton fabric and reacted at room temperature of 25°C for 2 hours. Washed alternately with ethanol and water 4 times to obtain a photothermal fabric. Then, 0.2g of gallic acid was dissolved in 100mL of tris(hydroxymethylaminomethane) aqueous solution (0.05mol / L, pH adjusted to 8.5 with HCl) to obtain a gallic acid aqueous solution, and 0.6g of APTES was dissolved in 20mL of ethanol solvent. The two solutions were then mixed in a petri dish containing the photothermal fabric and reacted at room temperature for 6 hours. The cotton fabric was washed 4 times with water and dried in the air for 18 hours to obtain an oil-resistant light-driven water-air interface water purification fabric. Figure 1 Optical photographs of underwater superoleophobic photothermal plants and SEM images of cotton fibers are shown, the latter showing a surface roughness structure that can promote the superwettability of the fabric (underwater superoleophobicity).

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the light absorption rate of the fabric was measured by UV-visible-near infrared absorption spectrophotometer, and the result was as high as 97%; at 1kW m -2 Under the simulated sunlight, the temperature of the fabric can rise from room temperature to 73°C, showing excellent light-to-heat conversion effect. The surface properties of the fabric were tested using a video contact angle meter. The underwater contact angle of the fabric to soybean oil was as high as 159.8°, showing super oleophobic characteristics. Figure 3 shown.

[0035] As an application, the anti-oil interface water purification fabric (2×7cm 2 ) is embedded in a polyethylene foam (thickness 1.5 cm) thermal insulation device in the form of a two-dimensional water channel, controlling the area of ​​the photothermal fabric that can receive sunlight to 2×2 cm 2 , forming a solar-driven oil-resistant interfacial water evaporation device. Figure 4 shown.

[0036] During the performance test, the indoor temperature was maintained at 24-26°C and the humidity was maintained at 45%-65%. A solar simulator (CEL-AAAS50, Aulight) was used to provide 1kW m -2 Under sunlight, the oil-resistant interfacial water evaporation device was placed on a container filled with aqueous solution, the weight change was recorded with an electronic balance, and the evaporation rate was calculated to measure the evaporation performance of the device.

[0037] When studying the oil resistance of the device, 1 mL of soybean oil was injected into a beaker with a syringe, and the weight change was recorded with an electronic balance. The evaporation rate was calculated to measure the evaporation performance of the device in oil-containing water. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the evaporation rates of the device in oil-free water and oil-containing water are 1.55 kg / m 2 / h and 1.48kg / m 2 / h, and the evaporation efficiency is above 85%.

[0038] When studying the water purification effect of the device, the device was placed in a beaker containing oil or simulated seawater. The steam generated under irradiation condensed into liquid and reached the inner wall of a large beaker for collecting condensed water. The collected condensed water was measured for TOC concentration using a total organic carbon analyzer and for ion content using ICP-MS. The results are as follows: Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the TOC removal rate of oil-containing water is as high as 99.68%, and the average removal rate of metal ion concentration in simulated seawater is as high as 99.97% (Mg 2+ below the detection limit).

[0039] (2) The effect obtained by this example

[0040] This example realizes the preparation and application of a light-driven water-air interface water purification fabric that is resistant to oil pollution. When it is applied to solar interface water evaporation, it has excellent evaporation performance, is not affected by oil, and has excellent purification effects on oily wastewater and simulated seawater.

Claims

1. Application of oil-resistant interfacial water purification fabric in the preparation of solar-driven oil-resistant interfacial water evaporation devices, characterized in that: include: The oil-resistant interfacial water purification fabric is embedded in the polyethylene foam insulation device in the form of two-dimensional water channels to form a solar-driven oil-resistant interfacial water evaporation device. The method for preparing the oil-resistant interfacial water purification fabric comprises the following steps: (1) adding a pyrrole aqueous solution and an iron chloride aqueous solution into a container containing cotton fabric, reacting at 5-40°C for 0.5-10 h, and washing after the reaction to obtain polypyrrole cotton fabric; The volume fraction of pyrrole in the pyrrole aqueous solution is 0.01-1.0%; the concentration of ferric chloride in the ferric chloride aqueous solution is 0.01-2 mol / L, wherein 0.05-0.6 mol / L of HCl is dissolved in the ferric chloride aqueous solution; The volume ratio of the pyrrole aqueous solution to the ferric chloride aqueous solution is 0.1-2:1; (2) Dissolving gallic acid in a tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane aqueous solution to obtain a gallic acid aqueous solution, dissolving APTES in ethanol to obtain an APTES ethanol solution, then mixing the gallic acid aqueous solution and the APTES ethanol solution in a container containing a polypyrrole cotton fabric, reacting at 5-40°C for 1-24 h, washing the polypyrrole cotton fabric with water for 1-10 times after the reaction, and air-drying it in air for 1-72 h to obtain an oil-resistant interfacial water purification fabric; The concentration of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane in the tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane aqueous solution is 0.01-1 mol / L, and HCl is dissolved therein to control the pH value of the solution to 7-10; The concentration of gallic acid in the tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane aqueous solution is 0.1-5 g / L; The concentration of the APTES ethanol solution is 10-50 g / L; The volume ratio of the gallic acid aqueous solution to the APTES ethanol solution is 1-10:

1.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the pyrrole aqueous solution is ultrasonically dispersed for 1 to 30 minutes and then added to a container containing cotton fabric.

3. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), after the reaction, the mixture is washed alternately with ethanol and water for 1 to 10 times.

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