Horizontal force unloading device and unloading method of sliding support of large-span spatial steel structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a horizontal force unloading device and method for a sliding support of a large-span space steel structure, comprising a support seat, a bearing block connected to the top of the support seat, a through hole respectively opened near the two ends of the bearing block, a screw rod penetrating each through hole, two screw rods parallel and horizontally arranged, each screw rod can slide along the corresponding through hole, a connecting block is arranged at one end of each screw rod, and a threaded matching sleeve on each screw rod is provided with a first thread sleeve and a second thread sleeve located on the first side and the second side of the bearing block, the first side being the side facing the connecting block. The present invention can perform graded unloading of the sliding support, greatly reducing the difficulty of horizontal unloading of the sliding support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sliding support construction, and in particular relates to a sliding support horizontal force unloading device and an unloading method for a large-span spatial steel structure. Background Art

[0002] Large-span space steel structures are often used as upper structures in various types of buildings because of their light weight, high rigidity, good seismic performance, and flexible plane layout. They can form lightweight, beautiful, and various architectural shapes. However, this type of structure is inconsistent with the lower concrete structure in rigidity. In order to reduce the impact of inconsistent deformation and ensure that the structure can effectively transmit force, it is necessary to set a sliding support between the upper and lower structures. When the sliding support is in the construction state, it is necessary to limit it with a limit plate to prevent it from sliding in the horizontal direction and affecting the construction. When the construction is completed, the limit plate needs to be removed to unload the horizontal force on the sliding support to restore its sliding function.

[0003] Traditional unloading generally uses flame cutting to cut the limit plate and then uses a crowbar to remove it. However, the sliding support is easily damaged during the flame cutting construction process, and it is difficult to achieve graded unloading. The graded unloading amount cannot be accurately controlled, which will cause irregular sliding of the sliding support. It is difficult to ensure the uniform transition of the structure from the construction state to the design state, and there is a certain risk to construction quality control. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a horizontal force unloading device and method for a sliding support of a large-span spatial steel structure, which can perform graded unloading of the sliding support and greatly reduce the difficulty of horizontal unloading of the sliding support.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A horizontal force unloading device for a sliding support of a large-span spatial steel structure, comprising a support seat, a bearing block connected to the top of the support seat, a through hole being respectively opened near the two ends of the bearing block, a screw rod being passed through each of the through holes, two screw rods being arranged in parallel and horizontally, each of the screw rods being able to slide along the corresponding through hole, a connecting block being arranged at one end of each of the screw rods, and a threaded matching sleeve on each of the screw rods being provided with a first threaded sleeve and a second threaded sleeve located on the first side and the second side of the bearing block, wherein the first side is the side facing the connecting block.

[0007] Furthermore, each of the upper sliding sleeves of the screw rod is provided with a first adjusting spacer block located between the first side of the bearing block and the first threaded sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, each of the upper sliding sleeves of the screw rod is provided with a second adjusting pad located between the second side of the bearing block and the second threaded sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the two through holes are located at the same height.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the through holes is a long hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the connecting block is a U-shaped block, one end of the screw rod passes through the bottom of the U-shaped block, and the threaded matching sleeve on the screw rod is provided with a third threaded sleeve and a fourth threaded sleeve located on both sides of the bottom of the U-shaped block, and the third threaded sleeve and the fourth threaded sleeve fix the connecting block.

[0012] Furthermore, the screw rod is threaded steel.

[0013] Furthermore, the support seat is fixed to the bearing block by welding.

[0014] A method for unloading horizontal force of a sliding support of a large-span spatial steel structure, using the unloading device, comprises:

[0015] Fix the support seat on the large-span space steel structure, make the screw rod parallel to the unloading force direction of the sliding support to be unloaded, and fix the connecting block on the sliding support to be unloaded;

[0016] Screw the first threaded sleeve and the second threaded sleeve so that the first threaded sleeve and the second threaded sleeve respectively abut against the first side and the second side of the bearing block;

[0017] When the unloading force is directed toward the bearing block, ① install a jack between the bearing block and the sliding support to be unloaded, so that the jack abuts against the bearing block and the sliding support to be unloaded; ② control the jack to apply a horizontal thrust to the sliding support to be unloaded, and remove the limit plate when the limit plate on the sliding support to be unloaded is loosened; ③ screw the first threaded sleeve in the direction away from the first side to a set distance; ④ control the jack to retract until the first threaded sleeve abuts against the first side of the bearing block, and screw the second threaded sleeve against the second side of the bearing block to complete the first-level unloading; repeat ③ and ④ until the horizontal force of the sliding support is completely unloaded;

[0018] When the unloading force is in the direction away from the bearing block, I. Install a through-hole jack between the second threaded sleeve and the bearing block so that the through-hole jack rests against the second threaded sleeve and the bearing block; II. Control the through-hole jack to apply a horizontal thrust to the second threaded sleeve, and remove the limit plate when the limit plate on the sliding support to be unloaded is loose; III. Control the through-hole jack to retract, measure the distance between the first threaded sleeve and the first side, and after the distance between the first threaded sleeve and the first side reaches the set distance, screw the first threaded sleeve against the first side of the bearing block to complete the first-level unloading; repeat III until the horizontal force of the sliding support is completely unloaded.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention provides a sliding support horizontal force unloading device for a large-span space steel structure. When in use, the support seat is fixed on the large-span space steel structure, so that the screw rod is parallel to the unloading force direction of the sliding support to be unloaded, and the connecting block is fixed on the sliding support to be unloaded; the first threaded sleeve and the second threaded sleeve are screwed so that the first threaded sleeve and the second threaded sleeve are respectively pressed against the first side and the second side of the bearing block; when the unloading force direction is toward the bearing block, ① a jack is installed between the bearing block and the sliding support to be unloaded, so that the jack is pressed against the bearing block and the sliding support to be unloaded; ② the jack is controlled to apply a horizontal thrust to the sliding support to be unloaded, and the limiting plate is removed when the limiting plate on the sliding support to be unloaded is loosened; ③ the first threaded sleeve is screwed in the direction away from the first side to a set distance; ④ the jack is controlled to return Retract until the first threaded sleeve is against the first side of the bearing block, and screw the second threaded sleeve against the second side of the bearing block to complete the first-level unloading; repeat ③ and ④ until the horizontal force of the sliding support is completely unloaded; when the unloading force direction is away from the bearing block, Ⅰ, install a through-hole jack between the second threaded sleeve and the bearing block, so that the through-hole jack is against the second threaded sleeve and the bearing block; Ⅱ, control the through-hole jack to apply horizontal thrust to the second threaded sleeve, and remove the limit plate when the limit plate on the sliding support to be unloaded is loose; Ⅲ, control the through-hole jack to retract, measure the distance between the first threaded sleeve and the first side, until the distance between the first threaded sleeve and the first side reaches the set distance, screw the first threaded sleeve against the first side of the bearing block to complete the first-level unloading; repeat Ⅲ until the horizontal force of the sliding support is completely unloaded. It can be seen that the present invention can solve the problem of horizontal unloading of sliding supports of large-span spatial steel structures, prevent irregular sliding during construction caused by rapid release of sliding supports, reduce the difficulty of position control, and can accurately control the graded unloading amount of sliding supports, avoiding safety risks caused by improper control during unloading, thereby improving construction speed, saving costs, and effectively ensuring construction quality.

[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific implementation modes of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the specific implementation modes will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation modes of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a horizontal force unloading device of a sliding support of a large-span spatial steel structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a side schematic diagram of a bearing block in a horizontal force unloading device of a sliding support of a large-span spatial steel structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an adjusting pad in a horizontal force unloading device of a sliding support of a large-span spatial steel structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a horizontal force unloading device of a sliding support of a large-span spatial steel structure after installation of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the construction and use of a sliding support horizontal force unloading device of a large-span spatial steel structure of the present invention under one working condition;

[0028] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the construction and use of a sliding support horizontal force unloading device of a large-span spatial steel structure under another working condition.

[0029] In the figure: 1-support seat; 2-bearing block; 3-through hole; 4-screw rod; 5-connecting block; 6-first threaded sleeve; 7-second threaded sleeve; 8-first adjusting pad; 9-second adjusting pad; 10-third threaded sleeve; 11-fourth threaded sleeve; 12-jack; 13-limiting plate; 14-through jack; 15-end bracket of large-span spatial steel structure; 16-sliding support to be unloaded. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, a horizontal force unloading device for a sliding support of a large-span space steel structure of the present invention comprises a support seat 1, and a bearing block 2 is connected to the top of the support seat 1. In this embodiment, the bearing block 2 is located on one side of the top of the support seat 1, and the bearing block 2 is vertically fixed to the top of the support seat 1 by welding. A through hole 3 is respectively opened near the two ends of the bearing block 2, and preferably, the two through holes 3 are located at the same height. A screw rod 4 is arranged through each through hole 3, and the two screw rods 4 are arranged in parallel and horizontally. Each screw rod 4 can slide along the corresponding through hole 3, that is, the screw rod 4 can reciprocate in the corresponding through hole 3. A connecting block 5 is arranged at one end of each screw rod 4, and the connecting block 5 is used to be fixedly connected to the sliding support of the large-span space steel structure. In this embodiment, when in use, the connecting block 5 is welded to the side of the sliding support of the large-span space steel structure. A threaded matching sleeve on each screw rod 4 is provided with a first threaded sleeve 6 and a second threaded sleeve 7 located on the first side and the second side of the bearing block 2, and the first side is a side facing the connecting block 5, and the first side is directly opposite to the second side. That is, the first threaded sleeve 6 is located on the first side of the bearing block 2, that is, the first threaded sleeve 6 and the connecting block 5 are located on the same side, and the second threaded sleeve 7 is located on the second side of the bearing block 2. By screwing and controlling the position of the first threaded sleeve 6, the unloading amount of each stage of the sliding support can be accurately controlled.

[0032] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, as a more preferred embodiment, a first adjusting pad 8 is also slidably sleeved on each screw rod 4 and is located between the first side of the supporting block 2 and the first threaded sleeve 6. By adjusting the first adjusting pad 8, the end contact surface of the first threaded sleeve 6 is made flat, thereby ensuring better force bearing.

[0033] Similarly, a second adjusting pad 9 is provided on each screw rod 4 and is located between the second side of the bearing block 2 and the second threaded sleeve 7. By adjusting the second adjusting pad 9, the end contact surface of the second threaded sleeve 7 is made flat, ensuring better force bearing.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the first adjustment pad 8 and the second adjustment pad 9 provided in this embodiment are structural blocks with a U-shaped groove on one side, and adjustment rods of different sizes are placed in the U-shaped groove to achieve fine adjustment.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, based on the above embodiment, as a more preferred embodiment, each through hole 3 is an elongated hole, which is conducive to fine-tuning the screw rod 4 to ensure that the screw rod 4 can be perpendicular to the side of the sliding support of the large-span spatial steel structure.

[0036] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the connecting block 5 is a U-shaped block, a through hole is opened at the bottom of the U-shaped block, one end of the screw rod 4 is passed through the through hole at the bottom of the U-shaped block, and a third threaded sleeve 10 and a fourth threaded sleeve 11 are provided on the screw rod 4 at both sides of the bottom of the U-shaped block. The connecting block 5 is fixed by the third threaded sleeve 10 and the fourth threaded sleeve 11 to facilitate installation and construction.

[0037] In this embodiment, the screw rod 4 is a high-strength precision-rolled threaded steel bar with a diameter of 50 mm, a length of 1500 mm, and a material of PSB930.

[0038] In this embodiment, the support seat 1 and the bearing block 2 are made of PL20 and PL10 steel plates with a material of Q355B, and the top plane size of the support seat 1 is 1400mm×1000mm.

[0039] In this embodiment, the connection block 5 is made of PL20 steel plate with a plane size of 190 mm×190 mm.

[0040] In this embodiment, the through hole 3 has a length of 220 mm and a height of 60 mm.

[0041] In this embodiment, the first adjusting pad 8 and the second adjusting pad 9 are both made of PL20 steel plate and D40 round steel, and the plane size is 120 mm×35 mm.

[0042] The present invention provides a method for unloading horizontal force of a sliding support of a large-span spatial steel structure, using the unloading device provided by the present invention, which is specifically as follows:

[0043] First, the unloading device is installed. The support seat 1 is fixed on the large-span space steel structure, the screw rod 4 is parallel to the unloading force direction of the sliding support 16 to be unloaded, and the connecting block 5 is fixed on the sliding support 16 to be unloaded; specifically, combined with Figure 4 As shown, the support seat 1 is fixed on the end bracket 15 of the large-span space steel structure by welding, and the connecting block 5 is fixed on the side of the sliding support 16 to be unloaded by welding.

[0044] Then, the first threaded sleeve 6 and the second threaded sleeve 7 are screwed to make the first threaded sleeve 6 and the second threaded sleeve 7 respectively abut against the first side and the second side of the bearing block 2 , that is, the screw rod 4 is positioned and fixed by the first threaded sleeve 6 and the second threaded sleeve 7 .

[0045] Finally, according to the unloading force direction of the sliding support 16 to be unloaded in the actual working condition, the jack 12 or the through-hole jack 14 is used to perform graded unloading, which specifically includes:

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, when the unloading force is directed toward the bearing block 2: ① install the jack 12 between the bearing block 2 and the sliding support 16 to be unloaded, so that the jack 12 rests on the bearing block 2 and the sliding support 16 to be unloaded; ② control the jack 12 to apply a horizontal thrust to the sliding support 16 to be unloaded, and remove the limiting plate 13 when the limiting plate 13 on the sliding support 16 to be unloaded is loosened (the removal of the limiting plate 13 is a conventional method in the construction of the sliding support, which is not repeated here); preferably, on the sliding support 16 to be unloaded Mark the area and when the marked line is observed to shift, it indicates that the limit plate 13 is loose and can be removed; ③ After removing the limit plate 13, screw the first threaded sleeve 6 in the direction away from the first side to a set distance, which is the distance of the first-level unloading, obtained in advance through mechanical calculations; ④ Control the jack 12 to retract until the first threaded sleeve 6 rests on the first side of the bearing block 2, and screw the second threaded sleeve 7 against the second side of the bearing block 2 to complete the first-level unloading; Repeat ③ and ④ until the horizontal force of the sliding support is completely unloaded.

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, when the unloading force is in the direction away from the bearing block 2, Ⅰ, a through-core jack 14 is installed between the second threaded sleeve 7 and the bearing block 2, so that the through-core jack 14 is against the second threaded sleeve 7 and the bearing block 2; Ⅱ, the through-core jack 14 is controlled to apply a horizontal thrust to the second threaded sleeve 7, and the limit plate 13 is removed after the limit plate 13 on the sliding support 16 to be unloaded is loosened; under this working condition, the removal operation of the limit plate 13 is the same as the working condition when the unloading force is in the direction toward the bearing block 2; Ⅲ, the through-core jack 14 is controlled to retract, and the distance between the first threaded sleeve 6 and the first side is measured, until the distance between the first threaded sleeve 6 and the first side reaches the set distance, and the first threaded sleeve 6 is screwed against the first side of the bearing block 2 to complete the first-level unloading; repeat Ⅲ until the horizontal force of the sliding support is completely unloaded.

[0048] The following is a more detailed description of the uninstallation operation method of the present invention.

[0049] Example:

[0050] The roof of Xi'an International Football Center is designed as a large-span steel-flexible roof system, with a plane projection size of 295.6m from north to south and 250.6m from east to west. It adopts a double-layer orthogonal cable net supported by a peripheral rigid ring shell, of which the outer circle is a space irregular curved lattice shell with low outer and high inner, and the inner circle is the world's first orthogonal saddle-shaped cable net structure with a hole in the middle. The outer lattice shell presents a rounded rectangle on the plane, supported by 68 rigid column tops, and finished ball hinge supports are set on the top of the column. The south and north sides are supported by double rows of columns, and the east and west sides are partially supported by single rows of columns. The north-south span is about 240m, and the east-west span is about 220m. The inner circle cable membrane structure and the outer peripheral cable compression ring form a self-anchoring system. The cable compression ring adopts a 1.5m round tube with a wall thickness of 55mm and 60mm. It is connected to the outer circle grid shell by falling on 38 corbels. A sliding hinge support is set on the top of the corbel to unload during the construction process. The maximum horizontal reaction force of the support is 1461KN. After the construction is completed, it is locked and the inside and outside are subjected to joint force.

[0051] 1) Fabrication of the unloading device: The unloading device is fabricated and welded in the factory.

[0052] 2) Installation of the support seat 1 of the unloading device: Use the relative coordinate method of the total station for positioning control. When assembling the large-span spatial steel structure grid shell on the ground, first install the large-span spatial steel structure end bracket 15, and then hoist the finished support seat 1 and the bearing block 2 welded on the support seat 1 to the relative position and weld and fix them to the large-span spatial steel structure end bracket 15. All welds are full penetration first-level standards. Continuous observation is required during the welding process to control welding deformation.

[0053] 3) Installation of connecting block 5: Two connecting blocks 5 are respectively arranged on each sliding support 16 to be unloaded, and the connecting block 5 is welded to the upper plate of the sliding support 16 to be unloaded. The weld grade reaches the first-level full penetration standard, which can withstand both compression and tension. The relative position of the connecting block 5 and the through hole 3 reserved on the bearing block 2 must be consistent.

[0054] 4) Installation of the screw rod 4: First, pass the screw rod 4 through the through hole 3 reserved on the bearing block 2, and connect it to the bottom channel of the U-shaped connecting block 5 with the third threaded sleeve 10 and the fourth threaded sleeve 11. During the perforation process, the first adjusting pad 8, the second adjusting pad 9, the first threaded sleeve 6 and the second threaded sleeve 7 are installed simultaneously. After the position of the screw rod 4 is accurately adjusted, adjust the flatness of the first adjusting pad 8 and the second adjusting pad 9, and after it is completely perpendicular to the threaded sleeve, tighten the first threaded sleeve 6 and the second threaded sleeve 7, and make graded adjustments during the unloading process.

[0055] 5) Jack installation: According to different unloading directions, one 300t hydraulic jack 12 or two 150t through-hole jacks 14 are used respectively, and a chain hoist is used for lifting. When the loading direction is toward the bearing block 2, the jack 12 only needs to be installed between the bearing block 2 and the sliding support 16 to be unloaded. In this embodiment, an adjusting pad is arranged between the jack 12 and the bearing block 2. By adjusting the adjusting pad, it is ensured that the center line of the jack 12 is consistent with the force direction; when the loading direction is away from the bearing block 2, the through-hole jack 14 needs to be installed on the outside of the bearing block 2. Similarly, in this embodiment, an adjusting pad is arranged between the through-hole jack 14 and the bearing block 2. By adjusting the adjusting pad, it is ensured that the center line of the through-hole jack 14 is consistent with the force direction.

[0056] 6) Preparation work before unloading: through calculation and analysis, according to the horizontal slip amount of the sliding support 16 to be unloaded, it is released in batches and grades from small to large, 4 sliding supports 16 to be unloaded are released in each batch, and each stage is released by 30mm. Before unloading, all temporary devices that affect the unloading of the sliding support 16 to be unloaded are removed, and the operation of the jack 12, the through-hole jack 14 and the oil pump are checked. The numerical mark of the final slip and the numerical mark of each stage of release are made on the screw 4, and the observation mark line is made on the sliding support 16 to be unloaded.

[0057] 7) Unloading of the support when the unloading force is directed toward the bearing block 2: Figure 5 As shown, ① install the jack 12 between the bearing block 2 and the sliding support 16 to be unloaded, so that the jack 12 rests on the bearing block 2 and the sliding support 16 to be unloaded; ② control the jack 12 to apply horizontal thrust to the sliding support 16 to be unloaded, and remove the limiting plate 13 when the limiting plate 13 on the sliding support 16 to be unloaded is loosened; ③ after removing the limiting plate 13, screw the first threaded sleeve 6 in the direction away from the first side to the set distance (first-level unloading distance). In this embodiment, the first-level unloading distance is 30mm; ④ control the jack 12 to retract until the first threaded sleeve 6 rests on the first side of the bearing block 2, and screw the second threaded sleeve 7 against the second side of the bearing block 2 to complete the first-level unloading; repeat ③ and ④ until the horizontal force of the sliding support is completely unloaded, and all the sliding supports 16 to be unloaded are unloaded, and finally the unloading device is removed. During the removal process, the support marking line continues to be observed, and the unloading is completed after it is confirmed that the sliding support 16 to be unloaded can slide to a limited extent.

[0058] 8) Unloading of the support when the unloading force is in the direction away from the bearing block 2: Figure 6As shown, Ⅰ, install a through-core jack 14 between the second threaded sleeve 7 and the bearing block 2, so that the through-core jack 14 rests on the second threaded sleeve 7 and the bearing block 2; Ⅱ, control the through-core jack 14 to apply horizontal thrust to the second threaded sleeve 7, and remove the limit plate 13 when the limit plate 13 on the sliding support 16 to be unloaded is loose; Ⅲ, control the through-core jack 14 to retract, measure the distance between the first threaded sleeve 6 and the first side, until the distance between the first threaded sleeve 6 and the first side reaches the set distance (first-level unloading distance), in this embodiment, the first-level unloading distance is 30mm, screw the first threaded sleeve 6 against the first side of the bearing block 2, and complete the first-level unloading; repeat Ⅲ until the horizontal force of the sliding support is completely unloaded, complete the unloading of all the sliding supports 16 to be unloaded, and finally remove the unloading device, continue to observe the support marking line during the dismantling process, and complete the unloading when it is confirmed that the sliding support 16 to be unloaded can slide to a limited extent.

[0059] 9) Secondary limit fixation of the unloaded sliding support 16: After the unloaded sliding support 16 slides into place, it is permanently limited and fixed as needed. First, the size of the card slots on both sides of the unloaded sliding support 16 is measured after it finally slides into place, and the limit steel plates are made according to the actual size, installed piece by piece, and the two ends are welded for permanent fixation.

[0060] Note:

[0061] 1) Bearing unloading is a relatively dangerous construction process. Before construction, simulation calculation and analysis of the structure, unloading device and unloading process must be carried out.

[0062] 2) All connecting welds between the unloading device and the structure or support shall be controlled according to the full penetration first-level weld standards.

[0063] 3) The jack and related accessories used for unloading need to have a safety factor of no less than 2 times.

[0064] 4) When unloading, the unloading sequence and the unloading amount at each level must be strictly controlled, and skipping levels of unloading is strictly prohibited.

[0065] 5) During the unloading process, the displacement (deformation) and internal force of the support and structure should be monitored and compared with the calculation results in a timely manner. If a large deviation occurs, timely measures should be taken to correct it.

[0066] In summary: The horizontal force unloading construction method of sliding bearings for large-span spatial steel structures is suitable for the unloading of various spatial structures such as lattice shells, grids, trusses, etc. with sliding hinge bearings with horizontal reaction forces within 1500KN. The unloading effect is particularly obvious for large-span spatial structures and bearings with large reaction forces. The method is relatively simple and has strong applicability. This construction process can accurately realize the graded unloading of sliding bearings and avoid safety risks caused by improper control during the unloading process. The Xi'an International Football Center successfully completed the unloading of 38 bearings using this process. All deviations met the design and specification requirements, no safety accidents occurred, and the construction task was completed on schedule with quality assurance, ultimately achieving satisfactory results.

[0067] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above-described embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A horizontal force unloading device for a sliding support of a large-span spatial steel structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a support seat (1), the top of which is connected to a bearing block (2), a through hole (3) is respectively provided near the two ends of the bearing block (2), a screw rod (4) is provided in each of the through holes (3), the two screw rods (4) are arranged in parallel and horizontally, each of the screw rods (4) can slide along the corresponding through hole (3), a connecting block (5) is provided at one end of each of the screw rods (4), and a thread matching sleeve on each of the screw rods (4) is provided with a first thread sleeve (6) and a second thread sleeve (7) located on the first side and the second side of the bearing block (2), the first side being the side facing the connecting block (5); the support seat (1) is fixed on a large-span spatial steel structure, and the connecting block (5) is fixed on a sliding support (16) to be unloaded; When the unloading direction is toward the bearing block (2), the jack (12) is installed between the bearing block (2) and the sliding support 16 to be unloaded; When the unloading direction is away from the bearing block (2), a through-hole jack (14) is installed outside the bearing block (2).

2. The horizontal force unloading device for a sliding support of a large-span space steel structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sliding sleeve on each screw rod (4) is provided with a first adjustment pad (8) located between the first side of the bearing block (2) and the first threaded sleeve (6).

3. The horizontal force unloading device for sliding support of a large-span space steel structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sliding sleeve on each screw rod (4) is provided with a second adjustment pad (9) located between the second side of the bearing block (2) and the second threaded sleeve (7).

4. The horizontal force unloading device for sliding support of a large-span space steel structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two through holes (3) are located at the same height.

5. The horizontal force unloading device for sliding support of a large-span space steel structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Each of the through holes (3) is a long hole.

6. The horizontal force unloading device for sliding support of a large-span space steel structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connecting block (5) is a U-shaped block, one end of the screw rod (4) passes through the bottom of the U-shaped block, and a threaded matching sleeve on the screw rod (4) is provided with a third threaded sleeve (10) and a fourth threaded sleeve (11) located on both sides of the bottom of the U-shaped block, and the third threaded sleeve (10) and the fourth threaded sleeve (11) fix the connecting block (5).

7. The horizontal force unloading device for sliding support of a large-span space steel structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The screw rod (4) is threaded steel.

8. The horizontal force unloading device for sliding support of a large-span space steel structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support seat (1) and the bearing block (2) are fixed by welding.

9. A method for unloading horizontal force of sliding supports of large-span spatial steel structures, characterized in that: The unloading device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises: The support seat (1) is fixed on a large-span spatial steel structure, the screw rod (4) is parallel to the unloading force direction of the sliding support (16) to be unloaded, and the connecting block (5) is fixed on the sliding support (16) to be unloaded; Screw the first threaded sleeve (6) and the second threaded sleeve (7) so that the first threaded sleeve (6) and the second threaded sleeve (7) respectively abut against the first side and the second side of the bearing block (2); When the unloading force is directed toward the bearing block (2), ① a jack (12) is installed between the bearing block (2) and the sliding support (16) to be unloaded, so that the jack (12) abuts against the bearing block (2) and the sliding support (16) to be unloaded; ② the jack (12) is controlled to apply a horizontal thrust to the sliding support (16) to be unloaded, and the limiting plate (13) is removed when the limiting plate (13) on the sliding support (16) to be unloaded is loosened; ③ the first threaded sleeve (6) is screwed in a direction away from the first side to a set distance; ④ the jack (12) is controlled to retract until the first threaded sleeve (6) abuts against the first side of the bearing block (2), and the second threaded sleeve (7) is screwed against the second side of the bearing block (2), thereby completing the first-level unloading; and ③ and ④ are repeated until the horizontal force of the sliding support is completely unloaded; When the unloading force is in the direction away from the bearing block (2), I. a through-hole jack (14) is installed between the second threaded sleeve (7) and the bearing block (2), so that the through-hole jack (14) is pressed against the second threaded sleeve (7) and the bearing block (2); II. the through-hole jack (14) is controlled to apply a horizontal thrust to the second threaded sleeve (7), and the limit plate (13) is removed after the limit plate (13) on the sliding support (16) to be unloaded is loosened; III. the through-hole jack (14) is controlled to retract, and the distance between the first threaded sleeve (6) and the first side is measured until the distance between the first threaded sleeve (6) and the first side reaches the set distance, and the first threaded sleeve (6) is screwed against the first side of the bearing block (2) to complete the first-level unloading; and III is repeated until the horizontal force of the sliding support is completely unloaded.

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