A wide-size particle fluidized flotation device and flotation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fluidized flotation device and flotation method for wide-size particles, belonging to the field of mineral sorting technology, and solving the problems in the prior art of fluidized flotation that the applicable sorting size is too narrow and the recovery efficiency of all-size particles is too low. The present invention comprises a hydrocyclone, a microbubble generator, a fluid distributor and a flotation column, wherein the hydrocyclone and the microbubble generator are both located on the outside of the flotation column, the fluid distributor is located at the bottom of the flotation column, the microbubble generator is connected to the fluid distributor, the bottom flow port of the hydrocyclone is connected to the feed port of the flotation column, and the overflow port of the hydrocyclone is connected to the feed port of the microbubble generator. The present invention constructs a high-turbulence environment suitable for fine-particle mineralization and a low-turbulence dissipation flow field suitable for coarse-particle recovery in one device, and performs point-feeding on the corresponding size materials, thereby achieving efficient sorting of wide-size materials in all sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mineral separation, and in particular to a wide-size particle fluidized flotation device and a flotation method. Background Art

[0002] Ore is the fundamental raw material for the various metal and non-metal materials needed for national industrial operations and economic development. The efficient utilization of ore resources is of great significance to my country's sustainable development. The selective separation and enrichment of target components in raw ore is a fundamental prerequisite for subsequent ore processing and utilization. Limited by the embedded nature of valuable components in most ore particles, flotation has become one of the most widely used and effective methods of ore separation.

[0003] Traditional flotation technologies primarily rely on micro-particle flotation, with particle sizes typically ranging from tens to hundreds of microns. This is primarily due to the low upper limit of the ore's floatable particle size. The extremely fine particle size required for flotation increases the pressure on the pre-separation ore separation process, resulting in excessively high energy consumption for the ore sorting process. Furthermore, over-grinding of gangue in the ore can easily lead to the carryover of flotation mud, resulting in concentrate contamination. In recent years, the depletion of high-quality ore resources has increased, and newly mined ore has generally exhibited characteristics of being "poor, fine, and mixed," further exacerbating the high energy consumption and low efficiency of the flotation process.

[0004] Coarse particle flotation technology is an effective way to alleviate the above problems. Through coarse particle flotation technology, the coarse-grained gangue is removed in advance, the over-grinding of gangue is reduced, and the energy consumption of the dissociation process and the pollution problem of fine-grained gangue can be effectively reduced. Among the various coarse particle flotation technologies and equipment, fluidized flotation introduces a uniform rising water flow in the flotation environment to construct a low-turbulence dissipation flow field, which is more beneficial to the flotation recovery of coarse particles and has become the coarse particle flotation technology with the greatest potential today. However, in order to achieve an increase in the coarse particle recovery rate, the fluidized flotation wide-size feed particles all use countercurrent collision technology in a low-turbulence dissipation flow field to achieve bubble mineralization, and the fine particle collision efficiency is too low. In order to avoid the loss of valuable components in the fine particle size, the fluidized flotation rising water flow environment has almost no sorting effect on the fine particle size. As a result, the equipment is applicable to too narrow a sorting size and there is too much fine-grained gangue in the concentrate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above analysis, the embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a wide-size fluidized flotation device and flotation method to solve the problems of the existing coarse-size fluidized flotation technology having too narrow applicable separation size and low full-size separation efficiency.

[0006] On the one hand, the present invention provides a fluidized flotation device for wide particle size, comprising a hydrocyclone, a microbubble generator, a fluid distributor and a flotation column, wherein the hydrocyclone and the microbubble generator are both located on the outside of the flotation column, the fluid distributor is located at the bottom of the flotation column, the microbubble generator is connected to the fluid distributor, the bottom flow port of the hydrocyclone is connected to the feed port of the flotation column, and the overflow port of the hydrocyclone is connected to the feed port of the microbubble generator.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a coarse particle feeding pipe, one end of which is located outside the flotation column and is connected to the underflow port of the hydrocyclone, and the other end extends into the flotation column.

[0008] Furthermore, it further comprises a coarse particle feed distributor, which is connected to one end of the coarse particle feed pipe extending into the flotation column.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a concentrate overflow trough provided at the upper end of the flotation column, and the hydrocyclone is suspended outside the concentrate overflow trough.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a tailings dewatering cone and a tailings discharge pipe. The tailings dewatering cone is arranged below the fluid distributor and is concentrically arranged with the flotation column.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a tailings discharge pipe concentric with the flotation column, and the tailings discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the tailings dewatering cone.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a water spraying component located directly above the flotation column.

[0013] Furthermore, the spray water component includes a cross water pipe and a plurality of annular water pipes, the cross water pipe is connected to the annular water pipes, and the annular water pipes are uniformly distributed with spray holes.

[0014] Furthermore, the plurality of annular water pipes are concentrically arranged, and the cross water pipes are in a cross shape.

[0015] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for fluidized flotation of wide-size particles, using the above-mentioned fluidized flotation device for wide-size particles, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Inject fluidized water and microbubbles into the flotation column through a microbubble generator to create a low-turbulence flotation environment;

[0017] Step 2: After the flotation column is filled with fluidized water, different particle size components of wide-size feed particles are injected into the flotation column;

[0018] Step 3: The particle bubble agglomerates and fine-grained gangue particles float to the top of the intermediate ore trough, and the foam layer performs secondary classification and sorting on the floating particles.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The present invention realizes the construction of a high turbulence environment suitable for fine-grained mineralization and a low turbulence dissipation flow field suitable for coarse-grained recovery in one device through point-by-point feeding and key structural design, and performs point-by-point feeding on materials of corresponding particle sizes, thereby achieving efficient sorting of materials of wide particle sizes and full particle sizes.

[0021] (2) The present invention realizes the early classification of fine and coarse particles in the floating particles through the external hydraulic classification cyclone, which provides the premise for feeding materials of different particle sizes at different points; the feeding point of the fine particle size (-300μm) is adjusted to the microbubble generator, and the extremely high turbulent environment in the microbubble generator is used to increase the probability of collision between fine particles and bubbles, effectively solving the problem of difficult fine particle mineralization in traditional fluidized flotation; coarse particles (300-1000μm) are fed into the column through the feeding pipe, and a large number of microbubble groups required for fluidization are introduced into the flotation column through the microbubble generator. At the same time, a flotation flow field environment with low fluid disturbance and high microbubble content is constructed with the help of a fluid distributor, which effectively suppresses the turbulent dissipation of the flow field and is more conducive to the fluidized flotation recovery of coarse-grained minerals.

[0022] (3) The fluid distributor of the present invention is a combination structure of a single annular water tank and a group of fluid distribution plates arranged parallel to each other. Compared with the structure of multiple concentric annular fluid distribution plates, this structure is simple and easy to process and form, and the fluid distribution is uniform, which is conducive to the flotation recovery of coarse particles.

[0023] (4) The present invention achieves the separate discharge of mineral products from the flotation column through the thick foam layer characteristics of the equipment and the structural design of the middling trough. The equipment has a significantly thicker foam layer compared to the traditional fluidized flotation column. The thick foam layer and the spray water device are used to perform secondary sorting and grading of the particle bubble agglomerates and fine-grained gangue particles carried by the upflow of the flotation column. The fine-grained concentrate enters the foam layer and is finally discharged from the concentrate overflow trough. The fine-grained concentrate particle floccules and fine-grained gangue are blocked and remain in the slurry phase, and are finally discharged with the middling trough.

[0024] (5) The present invention uses a screen cyclone group to classify the slurry discharged from the mid-ore tank, thereby removing fine-grained gangue from the product. At the same time, the characteristics of the screen cyclone equipment also effectively prevent coarse hydrophobic particles adhering to bubbles from entering the cyclone overflow.

[0025] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and some advantages will become apparent from the description or be learned through practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like parts throughout the drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a wide particle size fluidized flotation device according to a specific embodiment;

[0028] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a fluid distributor according to a specific embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 For a specific embodiment Figure 2 AA cross-sectional view of ;

[0030] Figure 4 For a specific embodiment Figure 3 BB cross-sectional diagram;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a water spraying component in a specific embodiment;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flotation column and the middling trough of a specific embodiment;

[0033] Figure 7 For a specific embodiment Figure 6 Top view of .

[0034] Reference numerals:

[0035] 1-Hydrocyclone; 2-Microbubble generator; 3-Fluid distributor; 4-Flotation column; 5-Concentrate overflow trough; 6-Coarse particle feed pipe; 7-Coarse particle feed distributor; 8-Annular water tank; 9-Fluid distribution box; 10-Slurry conveying pipe; 11-Flow stabilizing plate; 12-Mid-ore trough; 13-Screen cyclone; 14-Spray water component; 15-Cross water pipe; 16-Annular water pipe; 17-Tailings dewatering cone; 18-Tailings discharge pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A specific embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 As shown, a wide-size particle fluidized flotation device (hereinafter referred to as fluidized flotation device) is disclosed, including a hydrocyclone 1, a microbubble generator 2, a fluid distributor 3 and a flotation column 4. The hydrocyclone 1 and the microbubble generator 2 are both located outside the flotation column 4, the fluid distributor 3 is located at the bottom of the flotation column 4, the microbubble generator 2 is connected to the fluid distributor 3, the bottom flow port of the hydrocyclone 1 is connected to the feed port of the flotation column 4, and the overflow port of the hydrocyclone 1 is connected to the feed port of the microbubble generator 2.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the fluidized flotation device provided in this embodiment uses a hydrocyclone to pre-classify wide-size particles, providing a prerequisite for sorting and feeding the fluidized flotation device; the microbubble generator introduces a large amount of slurry into the slurry containing fine particles and has a high turbulent flow field environment, which effectively increases the probability of collision between fine-particle bubbles and is more conducive to fine particle recovery; the gas-liquid-solid three-phase slurry containing a large number of microbubbles enters the flotation column through the fluid distributor, forming a uniform upward water flow, realizing the creation of a flotation flow field environment with low fluid disturbance and high microbubble content, effectively reducing the probability of coarse particle desorption and realizing efficient recovery of coarse particles; through the zoning construction of high and low turbulence flotation environments, and the point-by-point feeding of fine and coarse particles into the floating particles, efficient sorting and recovery of wide-size particles in all particle sizes is achieved.

[0040] Considering the recovery of fine concentrate, e.g. Figure 1 As shown, the fluidized flotation device further includes a concentrate overflow trough 5 , which is provided at the upper end of the flotation column 4 , and the hydrocyclone 1 is suspended outside the concentrate overflow trough 5 .

[0041] In order to facilitate the injection of materials into the flotation column 4, Figure 1 As shown, the fluidized flotation device further includes a coarse particle feeding pipe 6 , one end of which is located outside the flotation column 4 , and the other end of which extends into the flotation column 4 .

[0042] Preferably, the coarse particle feeding pipe 6 is located at the axis of the flotation column 4 .

[0043] In order to facilitate the uniform distribution of coarse particles in the flotation column 4, as shown in Figure 1 As shown, the fluidized flotation device further includes a coarse particle feed distributor 7 , which is connected to one end of the coarse particle feed pipe 6 extending into the flotation column 4 .

[0044] In this embodiment, the overflow port of the hydrocyclone 1 is connected to the feed port of the microbubble generator 2 through a pipeline, and the underflow port of the hydrocyclone 1 is connected to the coarse particle feed pipe 6 through a pipeline. The underflow slurry of the hydrocyclone enters the coarse particle feed pipe 6 through the pipeline and is evenly fed into the flotation column 4 through the coarse particle feed distributor 7.

[0045] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the fluid distributor 3 includes an annular water tank 8 and a fluid distribution box 9. The annular water tank 8 is arranged concentrically with the flotation column 4. The diameter of the flotation column 4 is not less than the inner diameter of the annular water tank 8 and not greater than the outer diameter of the annular water tank 8. The fluid distribution box 9 is arranged in the inner ring of the annular water tank 8, and both ends of the fluid distribution box 9 are connected to the annular water tank 8. Multiple fluid distribution boxes 9 are evenly distributed in the inner ring of the annular water tank 8, and the multiple fluid distribution boxes 9 are arranged in parallel.

[0046] It should be noted that the fluid distribution box 9 is a rectangular cylindrical structure, with both ends connected to the inner wall of the annular water tank 8 , and through holes are distributed on the side walls of the fluid distribution box 9 perpendicular to the axis of the annular water tank 8 .

[0047] Considering the input of sulfide water containing a large amount of microbubbles, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the fluid distributor 3 also includes two slurry delivery pipes 10, which are connected to the microbubble generator 2 via pipelines. Preferably, the slurry delivery pipes 10 are straight pipes. The two slurry delivery pipes are symmetrically arranged along the outer ring wall of the annular water tank 8 along the diameter of the annular water tank 8 and perpendicular to the fluid distribution box 9. One end of the slurry delivery pipe 10 is connected to the annular water tank 8, and the other end is connected to the microbubble generator 2.

[0048] It is worth noting that the fluid distributor 3 is composed of a single annular water tank and multiple parallel fluid distribution boxes. Compared with the fluid distributor composed of multiple annular water tanks, this structure is simple and easy to process and form. The fluid distributor composed of multiple annular water tanks is difficult to manufacture and it is easy to cause the water volume in the outer annular water tank to be significantly higher than that in the inner annular water tank, resulting in uneven fluid distribution, which is not conducive to the flotation recovery of coarse particles.

[0049] In order to reduce the turbulent dissipation in the flotation column 4, as Figure 1 As shown, the fluidized flotation device further comprises a flow stabilizing plate 11, which is provided in the flotation column 4 and above the fluid distributor 3. Preferably, three flow stabilizing plates 11 are provided, and the three flow stabilizing plates 11 are horizontally arranged at equal intervals.

[0050] Considering the recovery of fine tailings and coarse concentrates, e.g. Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, the fluidized flotation device also includes a middling trough 12 and a screen cyclone 13. The middling trough 12 is located in the middle of the flotation column 4 and above the flow stabilizer 11. The upper part of the middling trough 12 is adjacent to the foam layer inside the flotation column 4, and the lower part is the separation area. Figure 7 As shown, the bottom of the middling trough 12 is provided with multiple middling discharge chutes, preferably four. Screen cyclones 13 are suspended outside the middling trough 12. The number of screen cyclones 13 is equal to the number of middling discharge chutes, and each middling discharge chute is connected to the feed port of the corresponding screen cyclone 13 via a pipeline.

[0051] In this embodiment, the slurry discharged from the mid-ore tank is classified by means of a screen cyclone group, thereby removing fine-grained gangue from the product. At the same time, the characteristics of the screen cyclone equipment also effectively prevent coarse hydrophobic particles adhering to bubbles from entering the cyclone overflow.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, the fluidized flotation device also includes a water spraying component 14, which is located directly above the flotation column 4, and specifically includes a cross water pipe 15 and an annular water pipe 16. Multiple annular water pipes 16 are concentrically arranged, and the cross water pipes 15 are connected to the annular water pipes 16. The cross water pipes 15 are in a "cross" shape, and the annular water pipes 16 are evenly distributed with spray holes.

[0053] Considering the recovery of coarse tailings products, e.g. Figure 1 As shown, the fluidized flotation device also includes a tailings dewatering cone 17 and a tailings discharge pipe 18. The tailings dewatering cone 17 is arranged below the fluid distributor 3 and is concentric with the flotation column 4. The tailings discharge pipe 18 is arranged at the bottom of the tailings dewatering cone 17 so that the coarse tailings sinking in the flotation column 4 can be discharged from the tailings discharge pipe 18 after being dehydrated at the tailings dewatering cone 17 to obtain a coarse tailings product.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] Another specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, a wide-size particle fluidized flotation method is disclosed, using the wide-size particle fluidized flotation device of Example 1, the steps comprising:

[0056] Step 1: Fluidized water and microbubbles are injected into the flotation column 4 through the microbubble generator 2 to form a low turbulence flotation environment.

[0057] Fluidized water containing a frother is injected into the microbubble generator 2. The Venturi tube structure in the microbubble generator 2 inhales air and forms a large number of microbubbles through strong shearing action. The large number of microbubbles are fully mixed with the fluidized water and then enter the annular water tank 8 through the slurry conveying pipe 10. The rising water flow with a high microbubble content is formed through the fluid distribution box 9 and enters the flotation column 4. At the same time, the flow stabilizing plate 11 in the flotation column 4 further reduces turbulent dissipation, forming a low turbulence environment suitable for coarse particle flotation recovery in the flotation column 4.

[0058] Step 2: After the flotation column 4 is filled with fluidized water, different particle size components of wide-size feed particles are injected into the flotation column 4 through different structures.

[0059] After the flotation column 4 is filled with fluidized water, the wide-size flotation feed is fed at different points. The wide-size flotation feed is first injected into the hydrocyclone 1 suspended outside the concentrate overflow trough 5 for classification. The overflow slurry is mainly composed of fine-size particles (-300μm), and the bottom flow is mainly composed of coarse-size particles (+300μm). The overflow of the hydrocyclone is injected into the microbubble generator 2. The Venturi tube structure in the microbubble generator 2 inhales air and forms a large number of microbubbles. At the same time, the extremely high turbulent environment in the microbubble generator 2 increases the probability of collision between fine-size particles and bubbles in the slurry, especially the collision probability between fine-size (-45μm) bubbles. The hydrophobic particles containing the target components adhere to the bubbles to form mineralized bubbles.

[0060] The mineralized slurry, containing fluidized water, microbubbles (including some mineralized bubbles), and some fine particles (-300 μm), flows through the slurry conveying pipe 10 into the annular water tank 8 and then into the fluid distribution box 9. Under the action of the fluid distribution box 9, a uniform gas-liquid-solid three-phase upward flow is formed. The microbubbles and particles enter the flotation column 4 under the action of the rising water flow. Fine particles (-300 μm) stably adhering to the surface of the mineralized bubbles continue to float upward due to the combined effects of the rising water flow and the buoyancy of the bubbles on the bubble agglomerates. Hydrophobic fine particles (-300 μm) that do not adhere to the bubbles sink and collide with the rising bubbles again in a countercurrent, forming particle-bubble agglomerates.

[0061] The hydrocyclone's underflow slurry is injected into the coarse particle feed pipe 6, where coarse particles (300-1000 μm) are uniformly fed into the flotation column 4 through the coarse particle feed distributor 7. The coarse particles sink with the slurry and collide with rising bubbles in the countercurrent mineralization zone. Hydrophobic particles containing the target component adhere to the bubbles, forming particle-bubble aggregates. Hydrophobic particles that do not adhere to the bubbles continue to sink to the scavenging zone, where they collide and adhere again with bubbles on the underside of the flotation column 4, forming particle-bubble aggregates.

[0062] Coarse and fine bubble aggregates within flotation column 4 continue to float upward due to the combined effects of the rising water flow and the buoyancy of the bubbles. Fine gangue particles within flotation column 4, due to their low inertia, continue to float upward, carried along by the rising water flow. Coarse, hydrophilic gangue particles collide with the bubbles, preventing them from adhering and sinking to tailings dewatering cone 17, forming tailings. These are ultimately discharged through tailings discharge pipe 18 as coarse flotation tailings.

[0063] Step 3: The particle bubble agglomerates and fine gangue particles float to the top of the intermediate ore tank 12 (i.e., the junction of the foam layer and the slurry), and the foam layer performs secondary classification and sorting on the floating particles.

[0064] Due to the secondary classification and sorting effect of the thick foam layer on the upper part of the flotation column 4, the coarse bubble agglomerates and the fine gangue particles entrained in the rising water flow are blocked in the slurry phase, and the fine concentrate enters the foam layer along with the fine bubble agglomerates. The fine concentrate in the foam layer is discharged from the concentrate overflow trough 5 to form fine concentrate under the secondary impurity removal effect of the spray water component 14, and the fine gangue particles entrained in the foam layer enter the slurry phase under the secondary impurity removal effect of the spray water component 14.

[0065] The coarse bubble agglomerates and fine gangue particles blocked in the slurry phase enter the intermediate ore tank 12 under the action of the flow field and become flotation ore. They are then transported along with the slurry through the discharge trough pipeline at the lower part of the intermediate ore tank 12 and enter the screen cyclone 13 for classification. The fine gangue particles overflow with the screen cyclone and become fine tailings. The coarse concentrate is discharged with the bottom flow of the screen cyclone and becomes coarse concentrate.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wide-size particle fluidized flotation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hydrocyclone (1), a microbubble generator (2), a fluid distributor (3), a flotation column (4), a middling trough (12) and a screen cyclone (13), wherein the hydrocyclone (1) and the microbubble generator (2) are both located outside the flotation column (4), the fluid distributor (3) is located at the bottom of the flotation column (4), the microbubble generator (2) is communicated with the fluid distributor (3), the bottom flow port of the hydrocyclone (1) is communicated with the feed port of the flotation column (4), and the overflow port of the hydrocyclone (1) is communicated with the feed port of the microbubble generator (2); The middling trough (12) is located in the middle of the flotation column (4), the upper part of the middling trough (12) is adjacent to the internal foam layer of the flotation column (4), the lower part of the middling trough (12) is a sorting area, the bottom of the middling trough (12) is provided with a middling discharge trough, the screen cyclones (13) are suspended on the outside of the middling trough (12), the number of the screen cyclones (13) is equal to the number of the middling discharge troughs, and the middling discharge troughs are connected to the feed ports corresponding to the screen cyclones (13) through pipelines.

2. The wide-size particle fluidized flotation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a coarse particle feeding pipe (6), one end of which is located outside the flotation column (4) and communicates with the bottom flow port of the hydrocyclone (1), and the other end extends into the flotation column (4).

3. The wide-size particle fluidized flotation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a coarse particle feed distributor (7), which is connected to one end of the coarse particle feed pipe (6) extending into the flotation column (4).

4. The wide-size particle fluidized flotation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a concentrate overflow trough (5) arranged at the upper end of the flotation column (4), and the hydrocyclone (1) is suspended outside the concentrate overflow trough (5).

5. The wide-size particle fluidized flotation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a tailings dewatering cone (17) and a tailings discharge pipe (18). The tailings dewatering cone (17) is arranged below the fluid distributor (3) and is concentrically arranged with the flotation column (4).

6. The wide-size particle fluidized flotation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a tailings discharge pipe (18) concentric with the flotation column (4), and the tailings discharge pipe (18) is arranged at the bottom of the tailings dewatering cone (17).

7. The wide-size particle fluidized flotation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a water spraying component (14) located directly above the flotation column (4).

8. The wide-size particle fluidized flotation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spray water component (14) comprises a cross water pipe (15) and a plurality of annular water pipes, wherein the cross water pipe (15) is communicated with the annular water pipe (16), and the annular water pipe (16) is uniformly distributed with spray holes.

9. The wide-size particle fluidized flotation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The plurality of annular water pipes (16) are concentrically arranged, and the cross water pipe (15) is in a "cross" shape.

10. A fluidized flotation method for wide-size particles, characterized in that: The wide-size particle fluidized flotation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, and the steps include: Step 1: Fluidized water and microbubbles are injected into the flotation column (4) through the microbubble generator (2) to form a low turbulence flotation environment; Step 2: After the flotation column (4) is filled with fluidized water, different particle size components of the wide particle size feed particles are injected into the flotation column (4); Step 3: The particle bubble agglomerates and fine gangue particles float to the top of the intermediate ore tank (12), and the foam layer performs secondary classification and sorting on the floating particles.

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