A solid gravity flow transport energy storage device and energy storage system

Abstract

This invention discloses a solid gravity flow transport energy storage device and system, including a transport track with a low-altitude section, a high-altitude section, and an inclined section; gravity energy storage elements, movable on the transport track, and equipped with a chassis rack; and an electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanism, arranged along the transport track, including gears that mesh with the chassis rack. The electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanism is energized and moves, driving multiple sequentially abutting gravity energy storage elements to continuously push them from the low-altitude section to the high-altitude section along the inclined section through the meshing of the gears and chassis rack; or, multiple sequentially abutting gravity energy storage elements move from the high-altitude section to the low-altitude section under gravity, causing the chassis rack and gears to mesh, thus driving the electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanism to convert mechanical kinetic energy into electrical energy. This invention solves the problems of existing technologies using transmission methods that cannot prevent dust, resulting in large energy losses and low efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gravity energy storage, and more particularly to a solid gravity flow transport energy storage device and energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Human society's energy use has evolved from being limited by reserves, relying on environmentally polluting fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas for production and daily life. The transition from dependence on traditional energy sources to inexhaustible, clean, and renewable renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power is an inevitable historical trend.

[0003] However, renewable energy is intermittent and subject to random fluctuations, making it an unstable energy source. Energy storage is crucial for energy transitioning the energy landscape, enabling the supply of stable energy on demand. Large-scale, efficient energy storage is also a key technology for this transition.

[0004] Invention patent CN114649819A discloses a gravity module energy storage and operation method, utilizing the high transmission efficiency and large transmission torque of gear and rack meshing to achieve efficient transportation and energy storage on steep gradient tracks. However, this technology uses a vehicle-mounted mobile power source with racks fixed on both sides of the track. During transmission, the racks remain stationary on both sides of the track, while the gear-driven energy storage generator rotates the shaft-end gears to mesh with the fixed racks, driving the transport vehicle. Because the racks fixed on the road must be in an open state to allow the moving gears to pass over them, dust protection for the gears and racks is impossible. During system operation, especially in northern regions where sandstorms are frequent, environmental dust easily contaminates the gears and racks, and the open space susceptible to dust pollution makes it difficult to apply lubricating oil to the gears and racks. The contamination of the gears and racks with dust, coupled with a lack of proper lubrication, leads to increased transmission losses and a significant decrease in efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, existing technologies still need to be improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a solid gravity flow transport energy storage device and energy storage system, which solves the problem that the vehicle-mounted mobile power transmission method used in the prior art cannot prevent dust, resulting in large energy loss and low efficiency.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A solid gravity flow transport energy storage device, comprising:

[0009] The launch track has a low-altitude section and a corresponding high-altitude section, as well as an inclined section between the low-altitude and high-altitude sections.

[0010] Gravity energy storage element, which is moved and mounted on the transport track, and is equipped with a chassis rack;

[0011] An electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism is installed along a transport track and includes gear components connected to a chassis rack. The gear components include: a rotatable power input gear; a rotatable first output gear driven by the power input gear; and a rotatable second output gear driven by the power input gear. The first and second output gears are located on opposite sides of the power input gear. In adjacent gravity energy storage elements, the first output gear meshes with one chassis rack while the other chassis rack meshes with the second output gear.

[0012] Dustproof components are installed on the outside of the chassis rack and are used to protect the chassis rack from dust.

[0013] The lubrication assembly is housed within the dustproof component and is used to lubricate the meshing joints of the gear components and the chassis rack.

[0014] The electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism generates rotational power when energized, and through the meshing of gear components and chassis rack, it drives multiple gravity energy storage elements that are pushed sequentially along the inclined section from the low altitude section to the high altitude section.

[0015] or

[0016] Multiple gravity energy storage elements, which are placed in sequence, move from the high-altitude section to the low-altitude section under the action of gravity, so that the chassis rack and gear parts mesh, and drive the electric energy to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0017] Furthermore, in adjacent gravity energy storage elements, the center distance B between the first output gear and the second output gear is greater than the interval b between the chassis rack on one gravity energy storage element and the chassis rack on another gravity energy storage element.

[0018] Furthermore, the first output gear is connected to the power input gear through the first intermediate gear. The first intermediate gear is fixed and coaxially arranged with the first output gear, and the first intermediate gear meshes with the power input gear.

[0019] The second output gear is connected to the power input gear through the second transition gear. The second transition gear is fixed and coaxial with the second output gear, and the second transition gear meshes with the power input gear.

[0020] The first and second transition gears are located on either side of the power input gear.

[0021] Furthermore, the electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism also includes: an electric energy conversion motor and a transmission housing;

[0022] The first transition gear, the power input gear, and the second transition gear are located inside the transmission housing;

[0023] The electric power conversion motor is located outside the transmission housing.

[0024] Furthermore, a drive shaft is rotatably connected to the transmission housing. One end of the drive shaft is connected to an electric power conversion motor via a coupling, and the other end extends into the transmission housing and is keyed to a power input gear.

[0025] Furthermore, the gravity energy storage element includes: an energy storage element body and a chassis; the energy storage element body and the chassis are detachably connected.

[0026] Chassis racks are installed on both sides of the chassis;

[0027] The electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanisms are located on both sides of the transport track, and the electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanisms on both sides are respectively engaged with the chassis racks on both sides of the chassis through gear components.

[0028] Furthermore, the solid gravity flow transport energy storage device also includes: a chassis return track, which is arranged side by side with the transport track, and an electrical energy conversion mechanism, dustproof components and lubrication components are respectively installed on one side of the chassis return track;

[0029] The transport track is used to transport the chassis loaded with the energy storage element body, and the chassis return track is used to transport the chassis after unloading the energy storage element body.

[0030] Furthermore, the electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism includes: an electric energy conversion motor, a gear connected to the rotating shaft of the electric energy conversion motor, the gear being located above the chassis rack and meshing with the chassis rack;

[0031] The dustproof component includes: a protective cover that surrounds and encloses the chassis rack, and an opening is provided on the side of the protective cover facing the gravity energy storage element;

[0032] Multiple upper sealing plates are arranged side by side at intervals, each upper sealing plate is arranged along the extension direction of the protective cover and is located on the upper side of the opening of the protective cover;

[0033] Multiple snap-fit ​​upper sealing plates are set on the side of the gravity energy storage element, and the snap-fit ​​upper sealing plates are embedded between two adjacent upper sealing plates.

[0034] The snap-fit ​​sealing plate is set on the gravity energy storage element and embedded in the opening of the protective cover, matching the inner wall of the lower side of the opening of the protective cover to close the opening;

[0035] A curved section blower assembly is disposed on the curved section of the protective cover and is used to blow air toward the inside of the protective cover.

[0036] Furthermore, a push-up recess is provided at one end of the energy storage element body along its length, and a push-up protrusion is provided at the other end along its length.

[0037] One of the gravity energy storage elements has a push-up recess that abuts against the push-up boss of an adjacent gravity energy storage element.

[0038] Furthermore, the bending section blower assembly specifically includes: a positive pressure chamber, a blower, and an air purification chamber; the positive pressure chamber is connected to the bending section of the protective cover, and the blower is connected to the positive pressure chamber and the air purification chamber. The air purification chamber is used to receive external air and purify the air. The purified air enters the positive pressure chamber through the blower, thereby generating positive pressure in the bending section of the protective cover and achieving dust protection for the bending section of the protective cover.

[0039] Furthermore, the blower stops operating when the air quality is good.

[0040] Furthermore, an oil collection tank is provided on the protective cover;

[0041] The lubrication assembly includes: an oil inlet pipe that connects to an oil collection tank;

[0042] Oil pump, the oil pump is connected to the oil inlet pipe;

[0043] The oil outlet pipe is connected to the oil pump, and the oil outlet end of the oil outlet pipe is used to spray oil toward the teeth of the chassis rack.

[0044] Based on the same concept, the present invention also proposes an energy storage system, including the solid gravity flow transported energy storage device as described above, a low-altitude storage yard and a high-altitude storage yard; the low-altitude section runs through the low-altitude storage yard, and the high-altitude section runs through the high-altitude storage yard.

[0045] When the energy storage system stores energy, the overhead cranes on the low-altitude storage yard are used to transport gravity energy storage components to the low-altitude section, while the overhead cranes on the high-altitude storage yard are used to receive and store gravity energy storage components from the high-altitude section.

[0046] When the energy storage system releases energy, the overhead cranes in the high-altitude storage yard are used to transport gravity energy storage components to the high-altitude section, while the overhead cranes in the low-altitude storage yard are used to receive and transfer gravity energy storage components from the low-altitude section.

[0047] Furthermore, both the low-altitude and high-altitude storage yards are equipped with trolleys for loading, unloading, and stacking gravity energy storage components, and the trolleys are arranged vertically along the extension direction of the transport track.

[0048] Multiple overhead cranes are installed, and these cranes alternately load or unload gravity energy storage components on the transport track. This ensures that the collection and dispersal velocities of low-altitude and high-altitude storage sites are coordinated with the flow velocity of the solid gravity flow, thereby ensuring the formation of the solid gravity flow in the lifting channel.

[0049] Beneficial Effects: This application proposes a solid gravity flow transport energy storage device and system, in which a gravity energy storage element is mechanically propelled. By laying a transport track, the gravity energy storage element can directionally ascend or descend along the track. During energy storage, multiple (or one) electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanisms on the inclined section convert electrical energy from the power grid into mechanical kinetic energy, driving gear components to move. These gear components drive the chassis rack, thereby continuously pushing the gravity energy storage element from a lower elevation section to a higher elevation section along the inclined section. During energy release, the gravity energy storage element, under the action of gravity, continuously pushes from a higher elevation section to a lower elevation section along the inclined section. The kinetic energy from the downward movement of the multiple electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanisms is driven by the chassis rack and gear components, thus converting mechanical kinetic energy into electrical energy. This achieves both the storage and release of electrical energy. This system employs a gear drive mechanism that engages with a chassis rack. Gear transmission boasts high efficiency, reaching 94%–99% under optimal machining and lubrication conditions. Gravity energy storage systems built using this transmission method can achieve efficiencies exceeding 85%. Dustproof components protect the chassis rack from dust, ensuring stable meshing between the gears and rack and preventing efficiency reduction due to external dust. Lubrication components further enhance the stability of the gear-rack transmission, significantly exceeding the energy storage efficiency of fixed rack-and-pinion systems. This solid gravity flow energy storage device exhibits low energy loss and high efficiency during both storage and release. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Figure 1 This is a side schematic diagram of an embodiment of an energy storage system according to the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram illustrating the principle of an embodiment of an energy storage system according to the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a side view of the main structure of an embodiment of the solid gravity flow transport energy storage device of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the main structure of an embodiment of a solid gravity flow transport energy storage device according to the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first gear and the gear component in an embodiment of a solid gravity flow transport energy storage device of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gear component in an embodiment of a solid gravity flow energy storage device according to the present invention;

[0056] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the conveying principle of an embodiment of a solid gravity flow transport and storage device according to the present invention;

[0057] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying state of an embodiment of a solid gravity flow transport energy storage device of the present invention, wherein figure a is a schematic diagram of the state in which the racks and gears of two adjacent chassis are connected, figure b is a schematic diagram of the state in which figure a continues to move forward, and figure c is a schematic diagram of the state in which the rack of the previous chassis is completely removed from the gear.

[0058] Figure 9 This is a side view of a gravity energy storage element according to an embodiment of a solid gravity flow transport energy storage device of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 10 This is a top view of the chassis of an embodiment of a solid gravity flow transport energy storage device according to the present invention;

[0060] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structural principle of the dustproof component and lubrication assembly of an embodiment of a solid gravity flow transport energy storage device according to the present invention;

[0061] Figure 12 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a dustproof component of an embodiment of a solid gravity flow transport energy storage device according to the present invention;

[0062] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structural principle of the front and rear compensation dust baffles of the dustproof components in an embodiment of a solid gravity flow transport energy storage device of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 14 The diagrams are schematic diagrams of the structural principles of the front and rear compensation ash baffles in each section of an embodiment of a solid gravity flow transport energy storage device of the present invention. Figure a is a schematic diagram at the connection between the low-altitude section and the inclined section, Figure b is a schematic diagram in the inclined section, and Figure c is a schematic diagram at the connection between the inclined section and the high-altitude section.

[0064] Figure 15 The diagram shows the structural principle of the curved section blower assembly in each section of an embodiment of the solid gravity flow transport energy storage device of the present invention. Figure d is a schematic diagram at the connection between the low-altitude section and the inclined section, and Figure e is a schematic diagram at the connection between the inclined section and the high-altitude section.

[0065] Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional view of a second structure of a gear component in a solid gravity flow transport energy storage device according to the present invention;

[0066] Figure 17 for Figure 16 Enlarged view of part A;

[0067] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a second structure of a gear component in a solid gravity flow energy storage device according to the present invention.

[0068] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a dustproof component of a second structure of a gear component in a solid gravity flow energy storage device according to the present invention.

[0069] The following are the labels in the diagram: 100, Gravity energy storage element; 110, Energy storage element body; 111, Chassis; 113, Weight reduction hole; 114, Upper sealing plate with snap-fit; 115, Lower sealing plate with snap-fit; 116, Front compensation dust baffle; 117, Rear compensation dust baffle; 120, Track wheel; 130, Chassis rack; 160, Pushing recess; 170, Pushing boss; 200, Transport track; 210, Low altitude section; 220, High altitude section; 230, Inclined section; 300, Electrical energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism; 320, Gear component; 321, First output gear; 322, First transition gear; 323, ... 324. Second output gear; 325. Power input gear; 330. Electric power conversion motor; 340. Transmission housing; 400. Low-altitude storage yard; 410. High-altitude storage yard; 420. Crane; 430. Energy storage element body storage yard; 440. Energy storage medium storage yard; 500. Dustproof component; 510. Protective cover; 511. Upper sealing plate; 512. Oil collection tank; 520. Blower assembly in curved section; 521. Positive pressure chamber; 522. Blower; 523. Air purification chamber; 600. Lubrication assembly; 610. Oil inlet pipe; 620. Oil pump; 630. Oil outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0070] This invention provides a solid gravity flow-carrying energy storage device and system. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this invention clearer and more explicit, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0071] Existing technologies rely on onboard power for propulsion, with the power source moving along a track. This not only suffers from the drawbacks described in the background section but also limits the power range of the onboard power unit, as a single unit is often too large to meet high-power requirements. Furthermore, during energy storage and release operations, multiple powered vehicles must circulate and shuttle to lift and transport the gravity energy storage components. Energy exchange between the onboard power unit and the power grid is achieved through sliding contact brushes, resulting in poor reliability and safety. To address these shortcomings of existing technologies, this solution proposes the following embodiment:

[0072] Example 1

[0073] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 11 , Figure 15 As shown, this embodiment proposes a solid gravity flow transport energy storage device, which achieves energy storage by transferring a gravity energy storage element 100. The solid gravity flow transport energy storage device includes: a transport track 200, an electrical-to-kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300, a gravity energy storage element 100, a dustproof component 500, and a lubrication component 600. The transport track 200 has a low-altitude section 210 and a high-altitude section 220 opposite to the low-altitude section 210, as well as an inclined section 230 located between the low-altitude section 210 and the high-altitude section 220, wherein the low-altitude section 210 and the high-altitude section 220 are horizontal sections. If this device is installed on a mountain, a flat area is set at the foot of the mountain for setting the low-altitude section 210 of the transport track 200. A flat area is set at the summit or halfway up the mountain for setting the high-altitude section 220 of the transport track 200. An inclined section 230 of the transport track 200 is set along the hillside. The slope of the inclined section 230 is selected between 15 and 75 degrees according to the terrain conditions and engineering requirements. This forms a lifting channel for the gravity energy storage element 100 via the transport track 200, allowing the gravity energy storage element 100 to move directionally upwards or downwards on the transport track 200. An electrical energy conversion mechanism 300 can be used alone for short-distance transport, or multiple mechanisms can be used for long-distance transport. This embodiment uses multiple electrical energy conversion mechanisms 300 along the inclined section 230 of the transport track 200 as an example for structural explanation. Specifically, the electrical energy conversion mechanisms 300 are typically spaced apart by a distance, and the pushing direction of each electrical energy conversion mechanism 300 is in the same direction as the extension of the inclined section 230. A chassis rack 130 is provided on the gravity energy storage element 100, and the electrical energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 has a gear component 320, which meshes with the chassis rack 130. For example... Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, such as the function of an electric motor, and can also convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, such as the function of a generator. A dustproof component 500 is disposed on the outside of the chassis rack 130 and is used to prevent dust from falling onto the chassis rack 130 on the gravity energy storage element 100, nor onto the gear component 320, thereby preventing dust contamination of the meshing connection between the gear component 320 and the chassis rack 130. A lubrication component 600 is disposed on the dustproof component 500 and is used to lubricate the meshing point between the gear component 320 and the chassis rack 130, ensuring high efficiency of gear transmission.

[0074] When storing energy, the electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 is energized and drives the gear component 320 to rotate. The gear component 320 meshes with the chassis rack 130 on the driving gravity energy storage element 100, thereby pushing the driving gravity energy storage element 100 to move upward. Multiple energy conversion mechanisms 300 respectively push multiple gravity energy storage elements 100 continuously up the inclined section 230 from the low altitude section 210 to the high altitude section 220. When releasing energy, the multiple gravity energy storage elements 100 slide down under the action of gravity. When the rack 130 on the chassis of the gravity energy storage element 100 contacts the gear 320, they mesh, thereby driving the gear 320 to rotate. The multiple energy conversion mechanisms 300 rotate under the drive of their respective connected gears 320, thereby converting mechanical kinetic energy into electrical energy. The gravity action is formed by the gravity energy storage elements 100 continuously pushing down the inclined section 230 from the high altitude section 220 to the low altitude section 210.

[0075] In the above scheme, by laying a transport track 200, the gravity energy storage element 100 can be directionally ascended or descended along the transport track 200. During energy storage, multiple electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanisms 300 on the inclined section 230 convert electrical energy from the power grid into mechanical kinetic energy, driving gear components 320 to rotate. These gear components 320 drive the chassis rack 130, thereby continuously pushing the gravity energy storage element 100 along the inclined section 230 from the low-altitude section 210 to the high-altitude section 220. During energy release, the gravity energy storage element 100, under the action of gravity, is continuously pushed along the inclined section 230 from the high-altitude section 220 to the low-altitude section 210. The multiple electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanisms 300 are driven by the kinetic energy of the downward movement of the multiple gravity energy storage elements 100, through the cooperation of the chassis rack 130 and the gear components 320, thus converting mechanical kinetic energy into electrical energy. This achieves the storage and release of electrical energy. When there is a power surplus in the power grid, the surplus electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy to transport the gravity energy storage element 100 to a higher position, forming gravitational potential energy for storage. When there is a power shortage in the power grid, the gravitational potential energy stored in the gravity energy storage element 100 at a higher position is converted into electrical energy and fed into the power grid. Moreover, the solid gravity energy storage elements 100 along the entire inclined section 230 abut against each other during the push, forming a solid gravity flow. The solid gravity energy storage elements 100 are densely distributed in the inclined section 230, generating a large downward thrust throughout the inclined section 230. Furthermore, the electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 adopts a segmented positioning setting, pushing the gravity energy storage elements 100 in segments in a relay. Each electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 only needs to push a portion of the gravity energy storage elements 100 a certain distance, thereby avoiding excessive concentration of the thrust of the solid gravity flow throughout the inclined section 230. The segmented positioning and positioning of the electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300, with its segmented relay pushing, avoids concentrated thrust and meets the high thrust requirements of a solid gravity energy storage power station with large altitude differences under material strength constraints. Furthermore, the continuous pushing process allows the gravity energy storage element 100 to rise and fall continuously, like water flowing, maintaining continuous unidirectional movement throughout its functional time periods. This results in high equipment utilization efficiency and reduced energy storage costs. The drive system utilizes gears 320 in conjunction with a chassis rack 130, offering high gear transmission efficiency. Dustproof components protect the chassis rack from dust, ensuring stable meshing between gears 320 and the rack, preventing transmission efficiency from being reduced by external dust. Lubrication components lubricate the meshing points of the gears and rack, ensuring stable gear and rack transmission. Its transmission efficiency significantly exceeds that of open transmissions using vehicle-mounted mobile power. This solid gravity flow transport energy storage device exhibits low energy loss and high efficiency during energy storage and release. Furthermore, dustproof components and lubrication structures can significantly reduce wear on gears and racks, thereby reducing maintenance costs.Furthermore, when used in energy storage systems with large altitude differences, the rack is divided into individual chassis racks fixed to the gravity energy storage element, thus decomposing the overall ultra-long rack into shorter chassis racks. This solves the problem of controlling the expansion and contraction of the ultra-long rack due to temperature differences. It also avoids the problem of inconsistent meshing backlash between gears and racks at different altitudes due to large temperature differences, thereby maintaining transmission efficiency. Moreover, this solution uses fixed-position power, eliminating the need for sliding contact to conduct current for energy input and output as with mobile power systems, making it safer and more reliable than mobile power systems.

[0076] By employing multiple electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanisms 300, these mechanisms can be positioned at different segments of the entire transport track 200, achieving segmented series connection of multiple power sources. Each mechanism 300 is responsible for propelling only a few gravity energy storage elements 100 within a specific area. This overcomes the limitation of a single mechanism 300's structural strength, which restricts its load-bearing capacity. If the gravity energy storage elements 100 are too heavy, the mechanisms 300 can be arranged more compactly, allowing each mechanism to push fewer elements without overloading. Therefore, altitude differences are no longer a constraint. Through segmented series transmission using multiple mechanisms 300, the solid gravity energy storage elements 100 can be connected in segments and relayed throughout the entire route. Each mechanism 300 only needs to push a portion of the gravity energy storage elements 100 a certain distance, thus avoiding concentrated thrust from the entire solid gravity flow. The segmented electric-kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 disperses the power, enabling it to meet the total thrust requirements for large altitude differences under limited material strength conditions. Moreover, the continuous jacking process causes the gravity energy storage element 100 to rise or fall continuously, like water flowing, maintaining continuous unidirectional uninterrupted movement within the functional time period, resulting in high transportation efficiency and high equipment utilization efficiency.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown, in the specific structure of this embodiment, for ease of structural description, the inclined direction of the inclined segment 230 is from front to back along the direction from bottom to top. Therefore, the low-altitude segment 210 is located at the lower front, and the high-altitude segment 220 is located at the upper rear. The direction perpendicular to the front-back and up-down directions is the left-right direction. The following descriptions of all structures will use this direction setting as a reference. Figure 3 , Figure 7 As shown, the electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 in this embodiment further includes an electro-energy conversion motor 330. The gear component 320 is connected to the electro-energy conversion motor 330 via a coupling through a drive shaft. Figure 6 , Figure 11As shown, the dustproof component 500 is disposed on the upper outer side of the gear component 320, and the meshing part between the gear component 320 and the chassis rack 130 can be protected by the dustproof component 500.

[0078] like Figure 16 , Figure 17 , Figure 18As shown, the electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 also includes a transmission housing 340. Depending on the location of the electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300, the gear component 320 can adopt various structures. For example, when the electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 is located below the track, the chassis rack 130 is located at the bottom of the gravity energy storage element 100. The first structure of the gear component 320 specifically includes: a first output gear 321, a power input gear 325, and a second output gear 323. The power input gear 325 is located inside the transmission housing 340, which is filled with lubricating oil. A drive shaft is rotatably connected to the transmission housing 340. One end of the drive shaft is connected to the electric energy conversion motor 330 via a coupling, and the other end extends into the transmission housing 340 and is keyed to the power input gear 325. The first output gear 321 is rotatably disposed within the transmission housing 340, with a portion protruding from the top of the transmission housing 340. The first output gear 321 is connected to the power input gear 325 for transmission. In this embodiment, the first output gear 321 and the power input gear 325 can directly mesh, and when the power input gear 325 rotates, it drives the first output gear 321 to rotate as well. The second output gear 323 is rotatably disposed within the transmission housing 340, with a portion protruding from the top of the transmission housing 340. The second output gear 323 is connected to the power input gear 325 for transmission. In this embodiment, the second output gear 323 and the power input gear 325 can directly mesh. The first output gear 321 and the second output gear 323 are located on the left and right sides of the power input gear 325, respectively, and are also positioned above the power input gear 325. In this design, when adjacent gravity energy storage elements pass through gear component 320, the first output gear 321 meshes with the chassis rack 130 of one gravity energy storage element, while the chassis rack of the other gravity energy storage element meshes with the second output gear 323. This allows the first output gear 321 and the second output gear 323 to simultaneously connect to the adjacent chassis rack at the gap between adjacent gravity energy storage elements, thus achieving a smooth transition. The transmission housing 340, the first output gear 321, the power input gear 325, and the second output gear 323 form a dual-output transmission. The dual-output transmission is mounted on a base below the track. The electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 transmits power to the power input gear 325 through a coupling. The power input gear 325 meshes with both the first output gear 321 and the second output gear 323, transmitting the power from the power input gear 325 to the first output gear 321. The first output gear 321 rotates and pushes the chassis rack 130 on the gravity energy storage element 100 forward. At the same time, the power from the power input gear 325 is transmitted to the second output gear 323, which rotates and pushes the chassis rack 130 on the gravity energy storage element 100 forward.It is easy to imagine that when the electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 is located on the side of the track, the gear component 320 can also adopt the first structure, for example, the chassis rack is located below the first output gear 321 and the second output gear 323, while the power input gear 325 is located above the first output gear 321 and the second output gear 323.

[0079] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, when the electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 is installed on the side of the track, the chassis rack 130 is installed on the side of the gravity energy storage element 100. The second structure of the gear component 320 specifically includes: a first output gear 321, a first transition gear 322, a power input gear 325, a second output gear 323, and a second transition gear 324. The power input gear 325 is located inside the transmission housing 340. A drive shaft is rotatably connected to the transmission housing 340. One end of the drive shaft is connected to the electric energy conversion motor 330 via a coupling, and the other end extends into the transmission housing 340 and is keyed to the power input gear 325. The first output gear 321 is connected to the power input gear 325 via a first intermediate gear 322. Specifically, the first intermediate gear 322 is rotatably mounted inside the transmission housing 340 and meshes with the power input gear 325. The first intermediate gear 322 is fixed and coaxial with the first output gear 321, and the first intermediate gear 322 is located outside the transmission housing 340. When the first intermediate gear 322 rotates, it drives the first output gear 321 to rotate synchronously. The second output gear 323 is connected to the power input gear 325 via a second intermediate gear 324. Specifically, the second intermediate gear 324 is rotatably mounted inside the transmission housing 340 and meshes with the power input gear 325. The second output gear 323 is fixed and coaxially connected to the second intermediate gear 324. The first intermediate gear 322 and the second intermediate gear 324 are located on the left and right sides of the power input gear 325, respectively, and are simultaneously located on the upper or lower side of the power input gear 325. In this design, when adjacent gravity energy storage elements pass through gear 320, the first output gear 321 meshes with the chassis rack 130 of one gravity energy storage element, while the chassis rack of the other gravity energy storage element meshes with the second output gear 323. This allows the first output gear 321 and the second output gear 323 to simultaneously connect to the adjacent chassis rack at the gap between adjacent gravity energy storage elements, achieving a smooth transition. The transmission housing 340, the first transition gear 322, the power input gear 325, and the second transition gear 324 form a dual-output reducer. The first transition gear 322 and the second transition gear 324 are connected to the dual-output reducer, which is mounted on bases on both sides of the track. The electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 transmits power to the power input gear 325 via a coupling. The power input gear 325 simultaneously meshes with both the first transition gear 322 and the second transition gear 324.The first transition gear 322 is coaxially connected to the first output gear 321, transmitting the power from the power input gear 325 to the first output gear 321. The first output gear 321 rotates and pushes the chassis rack 130 on the gravity energy storage element 100 forward. The second transition gear 324 is coaxially connected to the second output gear 323, transmitting the power from the power input gear 325 to the second output gear 323. The second output gear 323 rotates and pushes the chassis rack 130 on the gravity energy storage element 100 forward.

[0080] In the structure of the two gear components 320 mentioned above, in two adjacent gravity energy storage elements 100, the center distance B between the first output gear 321 and the second output gear 323 is greater than the distance b between the two ends of the chassis rack 130 on one gravity energy storage element 100 and the chassis rack 130 on the other gravity energy storage element 100. Therefore, the chassis racks 130 on the two adjacent gravity energy storage elements 100, due to the gap between them, can stably pass through the arc segment of the transport track 200. However, on the straight segment of the transport track 200, they need to mesh with the gear component 320 of the electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300. The specific movement process is as follows: in adjacent gravity energy storage elements 100, the chassis rack 130 of one gravity energy storage element 100 first meshes with the first output gear 321. The rotation of the first output gear 321 drives the chassis rack 130 to move forward. Figure 8 As shown in Figure a, during the continued movement of the chassis rack 130, it can reach the second output gear 323 and mesh with it. The rotation of the second output gear 323 drives it to continue moving forward. Simultaneously, the chassis rack 130 of the next (or another) gravity energy storage element 100 meshes with the first output gear 321. The first output gear 321 and the second output gear 323 simultaneously drive the adjacent chassis racks 130, thus achieving stable meshing between the rack and gear. Figure 8 As shown in Figures b and c, the gravity energy storage element 100 moves forward after disengaging from the first output gear 321. Meanwhile, the chassis rack 130 of the next gravity energy storage element 100 simultaneously meshes with the first output gear 321 and the second output gear 323, thereby driving the next gravity energy storage element 100 forward. The next gravity energy storage element 100 then propels the previous gravity energy storage element 100 to continue moving forward.

[0081] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 9As shown, the gravity energy storage element 100 in this embodiment includes an energy storage element body 110 and a chassis 111, with track wheels 120 disposed on the lower part of the chassis. The track wheels 120 are rotatably mounted on the chassis and move against the transport track 200. Multiple track wheels 120 are provided, each abutting against the transport track 200 on both sides. This allows the energy storage element body 110 to move more stably on the transport track 200. The gravity energy storage element 100 can be a molded solid mass, with weights ranging from 20 to 200 tons, depending on the configuration of different energy storage power station units. Materials can be cast steel components, concrete components, or structural components with a steel shell filled with other solid materials. In addition, the gravity energy storage element body 110 can also be a shell with an inner cavity. The gravity energy storage element body 110 is formed by filling the shell with a medium, such as soil, sand and gravel that can be obtained in nature. This can save the manufacturing cost of the gravity energy storage element 100.

[0082] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, the energy storage element body 110 has a push-up recess 160 at one end and a push-up protrusion 170 at the other end. The push-up recess 160 of one gravity energy storage element 100 is used to abut against the push-up protrusion 170 of an adjacent gravity energy storage element 100. Specifically, when a gravity energy storage element 100 is pushed, multiple gravity energy storage elements 100 abut against each other sequentially. When the lowest gravity energy storage element 100 is pushed by the electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300, multiple abutting gravity energy storage elements 100 can be pushed simultaneously, thus forming a continuous push among the multiple gravity energy storage elements 100. Therefore, a push-up protrusion 170 and a push-up recess 160 are respectively provided on the front and rear faces of the energy storage element body 110. The top surface of the push-up protrusion 170 is a convex spherical surface. The top surface of the push-up recess 160 is a concave spherical surface. The convex spherical push-up boss 170 can be embedded into the concave spherical push-up recess 160, allowing multiple gravity energy storage elements 100 to form a smooth, sequential contact. Furthermore, the convex spherical push-up boss 170 has a certain amount of rotational space within the concave spherical push-up recess 160, enabling the gravity energy storage elements 100 to maintain contact and achieve a smooth transition when transitioning from the low-altitude section 210 to the inclined section 230, and from the inclined section 230 to the high-altitude section 220. In this embodiment, the gravity energy storage elements 100 are respectively provided with hanging parts on their left and right sides. These hanging parts facilitate the transport of the gravity energy storage elements 100. For example, upon reaching the high-altitude section 220, a crane can hook onto the hanging parts to transfer the gravity energy storage elements 100 out of the transport track 200 and move them to a dedicated stacking area.

[0083] like Figure 9 , Figure 10As shown, when loading and unloading the gravity energy storage element 100 on the track, the chassis 111 can be first hoisted onto the transport track 200, and then the energy storage element body 110 can be installed onto the chassis 111. Through a detachable connection, the chassis 111 and the energy storage element body 110 can be separated. The energy storage element body 110 can be stored in the storage yard, while the chassis can be moved into the chassis return track for reuse. The chassis 111 is also equipped with weight-reducing holes 113.

[0084] like Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 15 As shown, for the second structure of gear component 320, the dustproof component 500 in this embodiment specifically includes: a protective cover 510, an upper sealing plate 511, and a curved section blower assembly 520; the side of the gravity energy storage element 100 is provided with a snap-fit ​​upper sealing plate 114 that matches the upper sealing plate 511, and a snap-fit ​​lower sealing plate 115. The protective cover 510 adopts a semi-enclosed structure, which surrounds and wraps around the first transition gear 322 and the second transition gear 324. The protective cover 510 has an opening on the side facing the gravity energy storage element 100, and the chassis rack 130 protruding from the side of the gravity energy storage element 100 extends from the opening into the protective cover 510 and meshes with the gear component 320 inside the protective cover 510. The protective cover 510 is configured to fit along the extension direction of the transport track 200. Therefore, the protective cover 510 also forms straight sections and curved sections. Straight sections include, for example, the straight area of ​​the low-altitude section 210, the straight area of ​​the high-altitude section 220, and the inclined section 230; curved sections include, for example, the connection between the low-altitude section 210 and the inclined section 230 (e.g.,...). Figure 15 (See diagram d in the image), the connection between the high-altitude section 220 and the inclined section 230 (as shown in the image d). Figure 15(See Figure e in the text). Multiple upper sealing plates 511 are arranged side-by-side at intervals along the left-right direction, located above the opening of the protective cover 510. Multiple snap-fit ​​upper sealing plates 114 are disposed on the side of the gravity energy storage element 100, embedded between adjacent upper sealing plates 511. The staggered arrangement of the upper sealing plates 511 and snap-fit ​​upper sealing plates 114 forms a labyrinthine closure of the upper side of the opening of the protective cover 510. Each upper sealing plate 511 is arranged along the extending direction of the protective cover. When the upper sealing plates 511 and snap-fit ​​upper sealing plates 114 cooperate, sufficient gaps are maintained between the upper and lower ends, preventing interference due to the tilt of the upper sealing plates 511 and snap-fit ​​upper sealing plates 114 during bending. A snap-fit ​​sealing plate 115 is mounted on the gravity energy storage element 100 and embedded in the opening of the protective cover 510. It matches the inner wall of the lower side of the opening of the protective cover 510 to close the opening, thus sealing the lower side of the opening. This seals the straight section of the protective cover 510, preventing outdoor sand and dust from easily entering. For the curved section of the protective cover 510, a curved section blower assembly 520 is used for dust prevention. The curved section blower assembly 520 is mounted on the curved section of the protective cover 510 and blows air towards the inside of the protective cover 510. The air pressure compresses the curved section of the protective cover 510, causing the internal air to continuously blow out through the gaps in the curved section, preventing external dust from entering the protective cover 510 through these gaps. In this embodiment, the curved section blower assembly 520 specifically includes: a positive pressure chamber 521, a blower 522, and an air purification chamber 523. Positive pressure chamber 521 is connected to the curved section of protective cover 510. Blower 522 is connected to positive pressure chamber 521 and air purification chamber 523. Air purification chamber 523 is used to receive external air and purify the air. The purified air enters positive pressure chamber 521 through blower 522, thereby generating positive pressure in the curved section of protective cover 510 and achieving dust protection for the curved section of protective cover 510.

[0085] like Figure 13 , Figure 14 As shown, to achieve simple blocking of the opening of the protective cover 510, a front compensating baffle plate 116 and a rear compensating baffle plate 117 are respectively provided on two adjacent gravity energy storage elements 100. The front compensating baffle plate 116 and the rear compensating baffle plate 117 are staggered in the front-to-back direction and are both located outside the opening of the protective cover 510. Due to the staggered arrangement of the front compensating baffle plate 116 and the rear compensating baffle plate 117, the opening of the protective cover 510 can be blocked in both straight and curved sections. Figure 14As shown, Figure a is a schematic diagram of the connection between the front compensation dust baffle 116 and the rear compensation dust baffle 117 at the low altitude section and the inclined section; Figure b is a schematic diagram of the front compensation dust baffle 116 and the rear compensation dust baffle 117 at the inclined section; Figure c is a schematic diagram of the connection between the front compensation dust baffle 116 and the rear compensation dust baffle 117 at the inclined section and the high altitude section. In the curved section, because the upper sealing plate 511 structure is not installed, there will be gaps in the protective cover 510. The installation of the front compensation dust baffle 116 and the rear compensation dust baffle 117 can provide a certain degree of dust control. Furthermore, the structure of the curved section blower assembly 520 achieves the dust prevention function for the curved section. When the air quality is good, the blower stops operating.

[0086] In this embodiment, the protective cover 510 is provided with an oil collection groove 512. The oil collection groove 512 is recessed on the lower surface of the protective cover 510, specifically a V-shaped groove on the lower surface inside the protective cover 510. The lubricating oil used for lubrication flows within the V-shaped groove and can flow into the oil collection groove 512. The lubrication assembly 600 specifically includes: an oil inlet pipe 610, an oil pump 620, and an oil outlet pipe 630. The oil inlet pipe 610 is connected to the oil collection groove 512, the oil pump 620 is connected to the oil inlet pipe 610, and the oil outlet pipe 630 is connected to the oil pump 620. The oil outlet end of the oil outlet pipe 630 is used to spray oil toward the teeth of the chassis rack 130. The oil pump 620 draws lubricating oil and sprays it onto the gear 320 and the chassis rack 130. At the same time, it can also lubricate the gear 320. The lubricating oil after lubrication flows back into the oil collection tank 512, thereby realizing the recycling of lubricating oil. This allows for better lubrication of the transmission between the gear 320 and the chassis rack 130, achieving stable transmission.

[0087] Therefore, the working principle of the above embodiment is as follows: In the energy storage zone, the electrical energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 is energized and operates as a motor, converting the electrical energy from the power grid into kinetic energy for the gravity energy storage element 100 to move upward, thus propelling the gravity energy storage element 100 from low altitude to high altitude. The electrical energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 engages with the chassis rack 130 via gear 320 to push the gravity energy storage element 100 upward; this upward force is transmitted through the contact between the rear push-up boss 170 of the gravity energy storage element 100 and the front push-up recess 160 of the adjacent previous gravity energy storage element 100, thus transmitting the upward force to the previous gravity energy storage element 100 and propelling it upward; from Throughout the entire inclined section between low-altitude section 210 and high-altitude section 220, the rear pushing boss 170 of the next gravity energy storage element 100 is connected end-to-end to the front pushing recess 160 of the previous gravity energy storage element 100, extending from the entrance of low-altitude section 210 to the exit of high-altitude section 220. Driven by the electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 on the inclined section 230, the gravity energy storage element 100 is continuously pushed from low-altitude section 210 to high-altitude section 220. The gravity energy storage element 100 absorbs the kinetic energy from low altitude to high altitude, forming potential energy difference, thus achieving energy storage. When energy release is required in the energy release zone, the electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 operates in reverse. On the inclined section 230 of the transport track 200, the gravity energy storage elements 100, connected end to end, are propelled by gravity to move continuously in a straight line towards the lower altitude section 210 along the inclined section 230 of the transport track 200. In the inclined section 230, the chassis rack 130 of the gravity energy storage element 100 meshes with the gear 320 of the electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300. The gravity of the gravity energy storage elements 100 along the inclined section 230 of the transport track 200 drives the chassis rack 130 to move, thereby rotating the gear 320. The rotating gear 320 drives the electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 to generate electricity. The windings of the electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300 are electrically connected to the grid connection device, feeding the electricity back into the grid.

[0088] The solid gravity flow energy storage device also includes a chassis return track, which is arranged side-by-side with the transport track. An electrical-to-kinetic energy conversion mechanism, dustproof components, and lubrication components are correspondingly installed on one side of the chassis return track. The transport track is used for forward transport of the chassis loaded with the energy storage element body, and the chassis return track is used for reverse transport of the chassis unloaded from the energy storage element body. In this embodiment, upward transport is considered forward, and downward transport is considered reverse; conversely, downward transport is considered forward, and upward transport is considered reverse. Specifically, the chassis return track and the transport track have the same structure and are arranged side-by-side. The transport track is designed according to heavy-load track standards, while the chassis return track is designed according to light-load track standards. The solid gravity flow transport of the energy storage device on the two transport tracks 200 operates in the forward direction, transporting the chassis 111 carrying the energy storage element body 110 from the low-altitude section 210 to the high-altitude section 220. Upon arrival at the high-altitude storage yard 410, the energy storage element body 110 and the chassis 111 are separated by a crane 420. The separated chassis is then transferred to the chassis transfer section, where a crane lifts the chassis 111 and transfers it to the chassis return track, moving the chassis 111 from the high-altitude section 220 to the low-altitude section 210. This allows the chassis 111 to be reused, enabling the transport of more energy storage element bodies 110 with fewer chassis 111, thereby reducing investment costs.

[0089] like Figure 19 As shown, for the first structure of gear component 320, a dust cover 510 can be provided along the transport track 200. The upper end of the dust cover 510 has an opening, through which the bottom chassis rack 130 can be accommodated, thereby protecting the chassis rack from dust.

[0090] Example 2

[0091] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, based on the same concept and building upon Embodiment 1, this invention also proposes an energy storage system, including the solid gravity flow transport energy storage device described above, as well as multiple gravity energy storage elements 100, a low-altitude storage yard 400, and a high-altitude storage yard 410; the low-altitude section 210 penetrates the low-altitude storage yard 400, and the high-altitude section 220 penetrates the high-altitude storage yard 410. When the energy storage system stores energy, the low-altitude storage yard 400 is used to push the gravity energy storage elements 100 to the low-altitude section 210, and the high-altitude storage yard 410 is used to receive and store the gravity energy storage elements 100 from the high-altitude section 220. When the energy storage system releases energy, the high-altitude storage yard 410 is used to transport the gravity energy storage elements 100 to the high-altitude section 220, and the low-altitude storage yard 400 is used to receive and store the gravity energy storage elements 100 from the low-altitude section 210. This allows for full utilization of space, storing more gravity energy storage elements 100.

[0092] like Figure 1, Figure 2 As shown, both the low-altitude storage yard 400 and the high-altitude storage yard 410 are equipped with an energy storage element body storage yard 430 and an energy storage medium storage yard 440. The energy storage medium storage yard 440 is used to store energy storage media, such as mud and sand. The high-altitude energy storage medium storage yard is used to unload and store excess energy storage media when there is a surplus of electricity over several days. The low-altitude energy storage medium storage yard is used to unload and store energy storage media when there is a deficit of electricity over several days, freeing up the energy storage media of the gravity energy storage element body, so that the empty shell of the gravity energy storage element body can be moved upward to the high-altitude energy storage medium storage yard to load high-potential energy storage media for downward power generation. Both the low-altitude storage yard 400 and the high-altitude storage yard 410 are equipped with overhead cranes 420 for loading, unloading, and stacking gravity energy storage elements 100. Multiple overhead cranes 420 can be set up to form an overhead crane array, which can work simultaneously to speed up the hoisting and transportation efficiency. The overhead cranes 420 are arranged vertically along the extension direction of the transport track 200. Multiple cranes 420 are installed, and these cranes 420 alternately load or unload the gravity energy storage element 100 on the transport track 200 to ensure the formation of solid gravity flow in the lifting channel.

[0093] In summary, the solid gravity flow transport energy storage device and system proposed in this invention employs a fixed-point power mechanism. Through gear 320 meshing with the chassis rack of the gravity energy storage element, the rotational power of the power mechanism is converted into an upward linear thrust of the solid gravity flow, propelling the solid gravity flow towards higher altitudes. To ensure continuous thrust in the interval between the two gravity energy storage elements, a transmission device (dual-output reducer or dual-output transmission) is provided. This device connects one input power gear of the motor to two output gears simultaneously, decomposing it into two power outputs. This achieves the function of a power decomposer, converting one power input into two power outputs, thus ensuring power transmission in the rack interval between the two gravity energy storage elements. It ensures that at any given moment, one output power transmits the input power to the chassis rack, propelling the gravity energy storage element. Specifically, the gear 320 is connected via an electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanism 300, while the chassis rack 130 is connected to the gravity energy storage element 100. The gravity flow is transmitted through the engagement of gear 320 and chassis rack 130, ensuring stable meshing between the gear 320 and the gravity flow during transmission. Dustproof components protect the chassis rack from dust, preventing contamination of the lubricating oil and the gear / rack surfaces by sand and dust, thus ensuring that transmission efficiency is not reduced by external dust. Lubrication components lubricate the meshing points of the gears and rack, guaranteeing good transmission efficiency. This gravity energy storage system, constructed using this transmission method, achieves an efficiency of over 80%.

[0094] This embodiment has at least three advantages: 1. By adopting a fixed-position power structure, the gear-rack transmission system can mesh efficiently in a protected, enclosed area with good lubrication, avoiding dust pollution, reduced transmission efficiency, and increased wear of meshing components associated with vehicle-mounted mobile power transmission in open spaces. 2. By using a transmission device (dual-output reducer or dual-output transmission) to achieve power decomposition, one power input is decomposed into two power outputs. In the interval between the front and rear gravity energy storage element chassis racks, it is ensured that one power output can mesh with one of the chassis racks, pushing power to the solid gravity flow and ensuring the stability of the gravity flow thrust. 3. It avoids the reliability and safety defects of vehicle-mounted mobile power using sliding contact to conduct electrical energy, as well as the limitations of multiple power ranges. It is more conducive to meeting the requirements of high-power energy storage systems.

[0095] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the examples above. Those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solid gravity flow transport energy storage device, characterized in that, include: The transport track has a low-altitude section and a high-altitude section corresponding to the low-altitude section, as well as an inclined section located between the low-altitude section and the high-altitude section; A gravity energy storage element is movably mounted on the transport track, and a chassis rack is provided on the gravity energy storage element. An electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism is provided along the transport track, and the electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism has a gear component that is connected to the chassis rack; A dustproof component is disposed on the outside of the chassis rack and is used to protect the chassis rack from dust. A lubrication assembly is disposed within the dustproof component and is used to lubricate the meshing joint between the gear and the chassis rack. The electrical energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism generates rotational power when energized, and through the meshing of the gear components and the chassis rack, it drives multiple gravity energy storage elements that are sequentially pressed against each other to continuously push them from the low-altitude section to the high-altitude section along the inclined section. or, Multiple gravity energy storage elements that are sequentially abutted move from a high-altitude section to a low-altitude section under the action of gravity, so that the chassis rack and gear mesh with the gear components, and drive the electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanism to convert mechanical kinetic energy into electrical energy. The gear component includes: a power input gear that is rotatably configured; Rotate the first output gear, which is connected to the power input gear in a transmission connection; A second output gear is rotatably configured and is connected to the power input gear. The first output gear and the second output gear are located on opposite sides of the power input gear. In adjacent gravity energy storage elements, the first output gear is used to mesh with one of the chassis racks, while the other chassis rack is used to mesh with the second output gear; In adjacent gravity energy storage elements, the center distance B between the first output gear and the second output gear is greater than the interval distance b between the chassis rack on one gravity energy storage element and the chassis rack on the other gravity energy storage element. The gravity energy storage element includes an energy storage element body and a chassis; The chassis rack is provided on both sides of the chassis; The electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism is located on both sides of the transport track, and the electric energy to kinetic energy conversion mechanism on both sides of the track meshes with the chassis rack on both sides of the chassis through the gear components; Because each chassis rack is fixed to a separate gravity energy storage element, the extra-long rack is decomposed into shorter chassis racks, avoiding the problem of inconsistent tooth clearance between gears and racks at different altitudes due to large temperature differences at different altitudes.

2. The solid gravity flow transport energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first output gear is connected to the power input gear through a first transition gear. The first transition gear is fixed to the first output gear and is coaxially arranged. The first transition gear meshes with the power input gear. The second output gear is connected to the power input gear through a second transition gear. The second transition gear is fixed to the second output gear and is coaxially arranged. The second transition gear meshes with the power input gear. The first transition gear and the second transition gear are located on both sides of the power input gear, respectively.

3. The solid gravity flow transport energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electro-kinetic energy conversion mechanism also includes: an electric energy conversion motor and a transmission housing; The first transition gear, the power input gear, and the second transition gear are located inside the transmission housing; The electric power conversion motor is mounted outside the transmission housing.

4. The solid gravity flow transport energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid gravity flow transport energy storage device also includes: a chassis return track, which is arranged side by side with the transport track, and an electric energy conversion mechanism, a dustproof component and a lubrication component are respectively arranged on one side of the chassis return track; The transport track is used to transport the chassis loaded with the energy storage element body, and the chassis return track is used to transport the chassis unloaded from the energy storage element body.

5. The solid gravity flow transport energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dustproof component includes: a protective cover that surrounds and encloses the chassis rack, and the protective cover has an opening on the side facing the gravity energy storage element; Multiple upper sealing plates are arranged side by side at intervals, wherein each of the upper sealing plates is arranged along the extension direction of the protective cover and is located above the opening of the protective cover; Multiple snap-fit ​​upper sealing plates are disposed on the side of the gravity energy storage element, and the snap-fit ​​upper sealing plates are embedded between two adjacent upper sealing plates; A snap-fit ​​sealing plate is disposed on the gravity energy storage element and embedded in the opening of the protective cover, which matches the inner wall of the lower side of the opening of the protective cover to close the opening; A curved section blower assembly is disposed on the curved section of the protective cover and is used to blow air toward the inside of the protective cover.

6. The solid gravity flow transport energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The curved section blower assembly includes: a positive pressure chamber, a blower, and an air purification chamber; The positive pressure chamber is connected to the curved section of the protective cover. The blower connects the positive pressure chamber and the air purification chamber. The air purification chamber is used to receive external air and purify the air. The purified air enters the positive pressure chamber through the blower.

7. The solid gravity flow transport energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The protective cover is equipped with an oil collection tank; The lubrication assembly includes: an oil inlet pipe, which is connected to the oil collection tank; An oil pump, which is connected to the oil inlet pipe; An oil outlet pipe is connected to the oil pump, and the oil outlet end of the oil outlet pipe is used to spray oil toward the teeth of the chassis rack.

8. An energy storage system, characterized in that, Includes a solid gravity flow transport energy storage device as described in any one of claims 1-7, a low-altitude storage yard and a high-altitude storage yard; the low-altitude section runs through the low-altitude storage yard, and the high-altitude section runs through the high-altitude storage yard; When the energy storage system stores energy, the overhead crane on the low-altitude storage yard is used to transport the gravity energy storage element to the low-altitude section, and the overhead crane on the high-altitude storage yard is used to receive and store the gravity energy storage element from the high-altitude section. When the energy storage system releases energy, the overhead cranes on the high-altitude storage yard are used to transport the gravity energy storage element to the high-altitude section, and the overhead cranes on the low-altitude storage yard are used to receive and transfer the gravity energy storage element from the low-altitude section.

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