Comfort Ventilation of a Sanitary Facility Unit for a Means of Transport

Abstract

The present invention relates to a means of transport for passenger traffic, which has at least one sanitary facility unit and at least one ventilator (2) for discharging exhaust gas outwards from the sanitary facility unit. The present invention also relates to a method for controlling the volume flow rate, wherein a closed-loop control unit (1) is designed to control at least two volume flow rates of the exhaust gas discharged by the ventilator (2) at least according to the state of the sanitary facility unit, and the at least two volume flow rates are different from each other and not equal to zero.

Description

Field of the Invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a means of transport for passenger traffic, which has at least one sanitary facility unit and at least one ventilator for discharging exhaust gas outwards from the sanitary facility unit, and also relates to a method for controlling the volume flow rate. Background Art

[0002] The sanitary facility units of large-space means of transport, especially rail vehicles, are usually designed without windows and air-conditioned, and are at least provided with a ventilation system for supplying fresh air and discharging exhaust gas. In order to meet the predefined air-conditioning requirements especially in regional rail traffic, that is, especially when the speed of the rail vehicle is less than 160 km / h, the exhaust gas of the sanitary facility unit can be led out of the vehicle body of the rail vehicle separately through a ventilator.

[0003] Thereby, a negative pressure is generated in the sanitary facility unit, and thereby air is inhaled from the front space through a defined opening, for example, in or under the door. These airs heated or cooled by the air-conditioning device according to the weather should meet the wet indoor temperature required by the specification. In another requirement, it is necessary to prevent the odor originating from the sanitary facility unit from disturbing. This is usually achieved by discharging the exhaust gas, which generates a slight negative pressure in the sanitary facility unit compared to the front space. This negative pressure is achieved by a ventilator, which conveys the exhaust gas out of the wet room. The ventilator is set at a fixed operating point according to a predefined so-called air exchange rate of the volume of the sanitary facility unit compartment, and this air exchange rate is, for example, between 100 and 200 m 3 / h according to the compartment size. The fixed operating point of the ventilator is applicable to all air-conditioning and pressure-related situations in the vehicle body. For example, pressure fluctuations caused by the air-conditioning device, train movement or opening of the boarding door are not considered. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to improve the ventilation of the sanitary facility unit of a rail vehicle.

[0005] This technical problem is solved by the following technical solutions.

[0006] A means of transport for passenger traffic according to the present invention, especially a rail vehicle for regional passenger traffic, includes at least one sanitary facility unit and at least one ventilator, and the at least one ventilator is used for conveying and thus discharging the exhaust gas outwards from the sanitary facility unit. In addition, according to the present invention, the means of transport includes a closed-loop control unit, which is used for controlling the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator, and the closed-loop control unit is designed to control at least two mutually different and non-zero volume flow rates of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator at least according to the state of the sanitary facility unit.

[0007] The closed-loop control unit is suitably designed to control the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator at least according to the state of the sanitary facility unit. Here, the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit is adjusted by the closed-loop control unit to at least two different and non-zero magnitudes according to the state of the sanitary facility unit. In other words, the volume flow rate is controlled by the closed-loop control unit such that the volume flow rate can assume at least two different magnitudes during the operating time of the vehicle according to the respective state of the sanitary facility unit, and these magnitudes are each non-zero.

[0008] The method for operating a vehicle according to the invention accordingly comprises the following method steps:

[0009] a. Determining the state of the sanitary facility unit;

[0010] b. Controlling at least two different and non-zero volume flow rates of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit at least according to the determined state of the sanitary facility unit, in particular by means of the closed-loop control unit.

[0011] In order to determine the state of the sanitary facility unit, the vehicle has at least one sensor or a plurality of sensors, which are in particular arranged in, on or in the vicinity of the sanitary facility unit for detecting relevant measured values of the measured variables for describing the state of the sanitary facility unit.

[0012] The closed-loop control unit is used to control the volume flow rate conveyed by the ventilator, which is in particular suitably designed to carry out method steps a and b. The volume flow rate is in particular suitably designed to receive, process and evaluate the measured values and to determine the state of the sanitary facility unit according to at least one of the measured values. The closed-loop control unit comprises suitable means for carrying out the respective method steps.

[0013] In order to receive the measured values, in particular in the form of sensor signals, the closed-loop control unit can have a receiving module.

[0014] In addition, the closed-loop control unit may have a computing unit and an adjustment mechanism (or actuator), where the computing unit is used to determine the control variable, and the adjustment mechanism is used to output the adjustment variable to the ventilator. Accordingly, the closed-loop control unit thus has a suitable output unit for outputting the adjustment variable to the ventilator and a suitable connection to the ventilator. The controller typically transmits the control variable to the adjustment mechanism, which in turn transmits the adjustment variable to the controlled system. In this case, the closed-loop control unit may include the adjustment mechanism together. The magnitude of the volume flow can be pre-given as a reference variable (set value) according to the state of the sanitary facility unit and stored in the memory of the closed-loop control unit. The current magnitude of the volume flow (control variable) can in particular also be directly detected as a measured value by means of a suitable sensor, or indirectly determined according to other parameters, such as according to known ventilator parameters, such as the geometric dimensions of the ventilator, and according to the current rotational speed of the ventilator. Fixed parameters can also be stored in the memory of the closed-loop control unit here. Variable parameters, for example in the form of measured values, are in turn suitably transmitted to the closed-loop control unit for further processing.

[0015] The ventilator is advantageously designed in a controllable manner. For example, the ventilator has ventilator blades whose angle of attack can be adjusted. However, according to a simpler variant, the ventilator has fixed ventilator blades. The rotational speed of the ventilator can in particular be changed, for example, between 0 and a pre-given maximum rotational speed of the ventilator and can in particular be adjusted steplessly within a pre-given range.

[0016] According to an advantageous expansion scheme, the closed-loop control unit is designed to control the rotational speed of the ventilator, in particular to control at least two mutually different and non-zero rotational speeds of the ventilator at least according to the state of the sanitary facility unit. As already explained, the ventilator can be designed such that its rotational speed can be changed, in particular steplessly, within a pre-given range, for example between 0 and a pre-given maximum rotational speed of the ventilator (for example 10,000 U / min). In order to control the volume flow of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator, the closed-loop control unit controls the rotational speed of the ventilator accordingly at least according to the state of the sanitary facility unit. The closed-loop control unit is suitably designed and connected to the controllable ventilator in a suitable manner for generating an adjustment variable for controlling the rotational speed of the ventilator according to the state of the sanitary facility unit and outputting it to the ventilator. Here, the rotational speed of the ventilator is adjusted to at least two mutually different and non-zero magnitudes, which represent the volume flow of the exhaust gas conveyed from the sanitary facility unit by the ventilator. Thus, the volume flow of the exhaust gas from the sanitary facility unit is controlled indirectly, not directly, by controlling the rotational speed of the ventilator.

[0017] If the volume flow rate is not directly monitored but derived from the rotational speed of the ventilator, the adjustment variable, the reference variable, and the control variable can directly represent the rotational speed of the ventilator and indirectly represent the volume flow rate, respectively.

[0018] Another expansion scheme of the present invention lies in that the closed-loop control unit is designed to steplessly control the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator within a pre-given interval. Here, the rotational speed of the ventilator can also be steplessly controlled within a pre-given interval, for example, between 0 and the pre-given maximum rotational speed of the ventilator.

[0019] The volume flow rate of the exhaust gas from the sanitary facility unit is controlled by the closed-loop control unit, especially by controlling the rotational speed of the ventilator, such that the volume flow rate can take on the value zero and at least two, but especially multiple, mutually different non-zero values according to the corresponding state of the sanitary facility unit during the running time of the vehicle. For example, the state can be described by values within a pre-given interval. The volume flow rate is correspondingly pre-given as a function of the state.

[0020] According to one embodiment, the rotational speed of the ventilator can be controlled according to the shape and size of the ventilator.

[0021] The volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit can be steplessly controlled within a pre-given interval, especially from 0 m 3 / h to 100 m 3 / h, especially from 100 m 3 / h to 50 m 3 / h, especially from 50 m 3 / h to 200 m 3 / h, especially steplessly. Then, the ventilator and the closed-loop control unit are appropriately designed according to the size of the sanitary facility unit. Generally, two types of sanitary facility units are installed: a standard wet room and / or a universal wet room (meeting the needs of disabled people).

[0022] According to the expansion scheme, in order to monitor the rotational speed of the ventilator, a rotational speed sensor, especially a tachogenerator, is provided. Alternatively, an incremental encoder (such as a Hall sensor) can be used to monitor the rotational speed of the ventilator. The rotational speed sensor is correspondingly arranged appropriately on the ventilator. The signal of the rotational speed sensor representing the current rotational speed of the ventilator and thus indirectly representing the volume flow rate conveyed by the ventilator, such as the tachometer voltage, can then be transmitted as a control variable to the closed-loop control unit and further processed by the closed-loop control unit.

[0023] According to another expansion scheme, in order to control the rotational speed of the ventilator, at least the voltage output from the closed-loop control unit to the ventilator, such as a DC voltage or a pulse-width modulated voltage signal, is controlled as an adjustment variable according to the state of the sanitary facility unit, that is, increased or decreased as necessary.

[0024] Using the tachometer voltage generated by the ventilator, the rotational speed of the ventilator impeller or the ventilator function can be directly monitored, i.e., functional failures can also be monitored. The resulting volume flow rate gives the operating point of the device characteristic curve. This operating point is used as the starting point for control, from which the ventilator rotational speed and the corresponding volume flow rate can be re-controlled in the event of possible pressure changes or comfort adaptation. By monitoring the volume flow rate, it is thus possible to ensure an improvement in comfort in terms of the air quality in the sanitary facility unit.

[0025] In the case of different pressure ratios in the vehicle body caused by the state of the air conditioning device (e.g., cooling operation, heating operation, ventilation operation), and by the vehicle body unsealing related to vehicle speed, driving through a tunnel, opening of an external door, etc., a defined amount of exhaust gas can be adjusted or regulated. In this way, possible odor disturbances emitted from the toilet system to the front space can be reliably prevented. By adapting the rotational speed, especially by reducing the rotational speed during the use of the sanitary facility unit by passengers, the excessive noise generated by the ventilator can also be reduced. In this example, the presence of the user in the sanitary facility unit is especially used as a control parameter.

[0026] Another possibility to improve passenger comfort is to perform additional temperature monitoring of the exhaust gas flow. Using this parameter, the closed-loop control unit can control the corresponding temperature specification. Another parameter for control by means of the closed-loop control unit can be an odor sensor in the air flow of the ventilator, which increases the volume flow rate when necessary.

[0027] The usually fixedly set operating point of the ventilator, which is determined by the constant volume flow rate of the exhaust gas independent of the external environment, can be monitored by using a controllable ventilator. The controllable ventilator outputs its current rotational speed, for example, via the so-called tachometer voltage. The operating point on the device characteristic curve can be controlled as needed by means of the closed-loop control unit, thereby directly controlling the ventilator function and indirectly monitoring the volume flow rate.

[0028] As already explained in detail, the control of the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator depends at least on the state of the sanitary facility unit. To describe the state, a plurality of influencing factors can be monitored and correspondingly detected or determined.

[0029] The present invention provides for monitoring the presence of a user of a sanitary facility unit to describe the state of the sanitary facility unit. To this end, in particular, it is detected whether the door leading to the sanitary facility unit is locked from the inside. The control of the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator is carried out at least based on the locked state of the door of the sanitary facility unit. The closed-loop control unit is accordingly suitably designed to control the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator at least based on the locked state of the door of the sanitary facility unit. A correspondingly suitable device for detecting the locked state of the door of the sanitary facility unit is connected to the closed-loop control unit in a suitable manner. Thus, when the door is locked from the inside, i.e., when the user is present, the ventilator speed can be reduced in order to reduce the noise level in the sanitary facility unit and thus improve the comfort of the passengers. Conversely, if the door is closed but not locked, the ventilator speed can be increased in order to achieve a high air exchange. This is advantageously carried out within a predefined period of time after the detection of use. Different controls may result when the door is open. In addition to detecting the active use of the sanitary facility unit by the passengers, it is also possible to detect, for example, the deactivation of the sanitary facility unit by the train driver and take this into account in the control of the volume flow rate. The sanitary facility unit can then assume at least the states of "not in use", "in use" and, if necessary, "deactivated".

[0030] Furthermore, according to another expansion scheme, the control of the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit is carried out based on the duration for which the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit remains unchanged. The closed-loop control unit is accordingly suitably designed to additionally control the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator based on the duration for which the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator remains unchanged.

[0031] For example, if after a passenger of a means of transport accesses the sanitary facility unit, in particular after active use, the ventilator speed increases and thus the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit increases, the volume flow rate can be reduced again and the ventilator speed accordingly reduced after a predefined duration has elapsed since the use and provided that there is no further change in the state of the sanitary facility unit. Thus, in addition to the known parameters and influencing factors, only the time or the time period needs to be measured. Since the volume flow rate conveyed by the ventilator and the duration for which the volume flow rate conveyed by the ventilator remains unchanged are now known, it is possible to determine, for example, the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed from the sanitary facility unit since the last change in the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the free ventilator. Thus, the control can be carried out indirectly based on the volume conveyed since the last change in the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the free ventilator.

[0032] According to the expansion scheme, further measured values of physical measurement variables for describing the state of the sanitary facility unit can be:

[0033] - The air pressure in the sanitary facility unit is detected, especially by means of a pressure sensor;

[0034] - The temperature in the sanitary facility unit or the waste gas pipeline is detected, especially by means of a temperature sensor;

[0035] - The air quality, especially the odor, in the sanitary facility unit is detected, especially by means of an odor sensor;

[0036] - The noise level in the sanitary facility unit caused especially by the ventilator is detected, especially by means of a sound level sensor.

[0037] The state of the sanitary facility unit can be described by one or more parameters or influencing factors. According to the extended scheme, the volume flow can additionally be controlled based on the measured values of one or more of the mentioned measured variables. The measured values of the parameters are detected and transmitted to the closed-loop control unit, and further processed by the closed-loop control unit. The influencing factors can also be preset manually, for example, the train driver deactivates the wet room.

[0038] In addition, the control of the volume flow of the waste gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit can be additionally carried out according to other parameters independent of the state of the sanitary facility unit. According to the extended scheme, further measured values of physical measured variables that can be detected independently of the sanitary facility unit can be:

[0039] - The pressure relative to the pressure in the front space of the sanitary facility unit or the ambient pressure outside the rail vehicle is detected, especially by means of a pressure sensor;

[0040] - The temperature relative to the temperature in the front space of the sanitary facility unit or the ambient temperature outside the rail vehicle is detected, especially by means of a temperature sensor;

[0041] - The speed of the rail vehicle is detected, especially by means of a speedometer;

[0042] - The air quality, especially the odor, outside the sanitary facility unit is detected, especially by means of an odor sensor;

[0043] - The noise level outside the sanitary facility unit caused especially by the ventilator is detected, especially by means of a sound level sensor.

[0044] In the extended scheme, the volume flow can additionally be controlled based on the measured values of one or more of the mentioned measured variables. The closed-loop control unit is designed accordingly and connected to the corresponding measurement receivers for transmitting the measured values.

[0045] In addition, the closed-loop control unit can also be connected to the central control device of the vehicle to transmit the influencing factors or parameters.

[0046] Such influencing factors can be, for example, information regarding the opening of the outer door of the means of transport, driving in a tunnel, or the state of the central air-conditioning system of the means of transport and / or the sanitary facility unit (such as refrigeration operation, heating mode, ventilation operation).

[0047] In another expansion scheme of the present invention, the closed-loop control unit is designed to control the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator at least according to the state of the sanitary facility unit and according to at least one measured value of at least one physical measurement variable, and the at least one measured value is detected independently of the state of the sanitary facility unit.

[0048] An advantageous design of the present invention is that the closed-loop control unit is suitably designed to control the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit at least according to the state of the sanitary facility unit, in particular the locked state of the door of the sanitary facility unit, and according to the pressure difference between the interior space of the sanitary facility unit and the front space relative to the sanitary facility unit. Accordingly, the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit is controlled according to the pressure difference between the interior space of the sanitary facility unit and the front space relative to the sanitary facility unit. The pressure difference between the sanitary facility unit and the front space can be detected by means of a differential pressure sensor or determined by means of two pressure sensors respectively in the front space and the sanitary facility unit. This is particularly important in the case of an unsealed vehicle body, and the unsealed vehicle body combined with a significantly changing speed of the means of transport or when passing through a tunnel may cause pressure fluctuations in the means of transport.

[0049] According to another expansion scheme, the exhaust gas pipeline through which the exhaust gas is conveyed from the sanitary facility unit by means of the ventilator has no throttling components. The control of the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas from the sanitary facility unit through the exhaust gas pipeline is accordingly carried out only by controlling the controllable ventilator, in particular the rotational speed of the ventilator, at least according to the determined state of the sanitary facility unit. For controlling the volume flow rate, a so-called volume flow controller is known. A volume flow controller is a controllable throttling component for releasing and restricting the volume flow rate in a pipeline. According to this expansion scheme, in order to control the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas, the throttling component and its control are omitted. The increase or decrease of the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas is only completed by the controlled ventilator. The pipeline for discharging the exhaust gas from the sanitary facility unit extends here between the pipeline opening leading to the sanitary facility unit, i.e., the interior space of the sanitary facility unit, and the pipeline opening for discharging the exhaust gas into the environment of the sanitary facility unit (in particular the means of transport). The ventilator can be arranged in the pipeline or can be arranged in the area of the pipeline opening leading to the interior space of the sanitary facility unit. The entire pipeline, i.e., before and / or after the ventilator, has no throttling device for controlling the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas passing through the pipeline.

[0050] By means of intelligent exhaust control, the ventilation of the sanitary facility unit of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, especially a rail vehicle in regional passenger transport, or the air control of the vehicle is made significantly more effective, especially more energy-efficient, and at the same time the comfort of the passengers is increased. Description of the Drawings

[0051] The present invention allows for various embodiments. The present invention is explained in more detail with reference to the following drawings, in which embodiments are shown.

[0052] Figure 1 A logic flow chart for controlling a ventilator of a sanitary facility unit is schematically shown,

[0053] Figure 2 showing the volume flow rate curve of the ventilator over time or different usage states of the sanitary facility unit. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0054] In Figure 1 a flow chart is shown, in which the flow of the method according to the present invention is schematically shown.

[0055] The closed-loop control unit 1 is coupled to the control unit 3 of the sanitary facility unit, which in turn is coupled to the locking device of the door of the sanitary facility unit. The closed-loop control unit 1 reports back the state R, such as "open", "closed" or "deactivated", to the control unit 3. In addition, the current volume flow rate V of the exhaust gas conveyed outwards from the sanitary facility unit by the ventilator 2 controlled by the closed-loop control unit 1 can also be reported back. The closed-loop control unit 1 in turn receives a message about the state Z of the sanitary facility unit from the control unit 3 of the sanitary facility unit. In the simplest case, this is information about the locking state of the door of the sanitary facility unit, such as "open", "closed but not locked" or "closed and locked from the inside". In addition, the control unit 3 of the sanitary facility unit can also report the state Z "sanitary facility unit deactivated" to the closed-loop control unit 1.

[0056] In addition to the state Z of the sanitary facility unit, the closed-loop control unit 1 also receives a measured value P of the pressure difference between the internal space of the sanitary facility unit and the front space relative to the sanitary facility unit. For transmitting the measured value P, the closed-loop control unit 1 is connected to a differential pressure sensor 4.

[0057] The closed-loop control unit 1 is designed to control the controllable ventilator 2, in particular to control the rotational speed of the ventilator steplessly, based on the state Z and at least one measured value P related to the pressure difference between the internal space of the sanitary facility unit and the front space relative to the sanitary facility unit. For this purpose, the closed-loop control unit 1 is connected to the ventilator 2 in a suitable manner for transmitting the control signal S from the closed-loop control unit to the ventilator 2. The aim is to control the volume flow V of the exhaust gas conveyed from the sanitary facility unit by the ventilator 2 based on the state Z and at least one measured value P related to the pressure difference between the internal space of the sanitary facility unit and the front space relative to the sanitary facility unit. This control is such that the control can assume at least two mutually different and non-zero volume flows V of the exhaust gas conveyed from the sanitary facility unit by the ventilator 2. Here, the ventilator 2 is adjusted to at least two mutually different and non-zero rotational speeds. Additionally, in particular when the ventilator is not operating, the volume flow V can logically also be zero additionally.

[0058] To monitor the rotational speed of the ventilator, a rotational speed sensor of the ventilator 2 is connected to the closed-loop control unit 1, which reports back to the closed-loop control unit 1, for example, a tachometer voltage U related to the rotational speed n.

[0059] In addition to the state of the sanitary facility unit and the pressure difference signal, further measured values regarding other parameters can additionally be included in the control.

[0060] Figure 2 A typical curve of the volume flow V of the exhaust gas conveyed from the sanitary facility unit by the ventilator over the time t of the usage interval is shown. The rotational speed curve will be of the same nature.

[0061] First, the sanitary facility unit is not in use. The volume flow V of the exhaust gas conveyed from the sanitary facility unit by the ventilator is a preset value to maintain a predefined pressure difference between the internal space of the sanitary facility unit and the front space relative to the sanitary facility unit.

[0062] At the time point t1, a passenger enters the sanitary facility unit and locks the door of the sanitary facility unit from the inside. To improve comfort, the ventilator rotational speed and the volume flow V are now reduced to a minimum. Thereby, the noise level in the sanitary facility unit is reduced.

[0063] At time point t2, the passenger leaves the sanitary facility unit again, so the sanitary facility unit is unused again. After use is completed, the ventilator speed and the air volume flow rate V of the exhaust gas are significantly increased by the closed-loop control unit in order to quickly establish as complete an air exchange as possible in the sanitary facility unit. If a preset limit value of the delivery rate of the exhaust gas is reached at time point t3, the volume flow rate V delivered by the ventilator is reduced again, in particular the ventilator speed. It is reduced again to a preset value, which is used to maintain a preset pressure difference between the interior space of the sanitary facility unit and the front space relative to the sanitary facility unit.

Claims

1. A means of transport for passenger traffic, said means of transport having at least one sanitary facility unit and at least one ventilator (2), said at least one ventilator being used to convey exhaust gas outwards from said sanitary facility unit, wherein, The means of transport has a closed-loop control unit (1) for controlling the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator, which is designed to control at least two mutually different and non-zero volume flow rates of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator (2) at least on the basis of the state of the sanitary facility unit, characterized in that the closed-loop control unit (1) is designed to control the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator on the basis of the pressure in the interior space of the sanitary facility unit and / or on the basis of the pressure relative to the front space of the sanitary facility unit, and the closed-loop control unit (1) is designed to control the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator on the basis of the presence of a user of the sanitary facility unit.

2. The means of transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The closed-loop control unit (1) is designed to control the rotational speed of the ventilator (2).

3. The means of transportation according to claim 2, wherein, The means of transport has a rotational speed sensor for monitoring the rotational speed of the ventilator.

4. The vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The closed-loop control unit (1) is designed to control the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator (2) steplessly within a pre-given range.

5. The vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The closed-loop control unit (1) is designed to control the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator on the basis of the locked state of the door of the sanitary facility unit.

6. The vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The closed-loop control unit (1) is designed to additionally control the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit on the basis of the duration of a constant volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit.

7. The vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The closed-loop control unit (1) is designed to additionally control the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit on the basis of the temperature in the sanitary facility unit and / or the temperature of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator and / or the smell in the sanitary facility unit and / or the noise level in the sanitary facility unit.

8. The vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The exhaust gas pipeline through which the exhaust gas is conveyed from the sanitary facility unit by means of the ventilator has no throttling components.

9. A method for operating a means of transport according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The following method steps: a. Determining the state of the sanitary facility unit of the rail vehicle, wherein the presence of a user of the sanitary facility unit is monitored to describe the state of the sanitary facility unit; b. Controlling at least on the basis of the determined state the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit, wherein the control of the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit is effected on the basis of the presence of a user of the sanitary facility unit and additionally on the basis of the pressure in the interior space of the sanitary facility unit and / or on the basis of the pressure relative to the front space of the sanitary facility unit.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein The control of the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit according to method step b is effected at least on the basis of the locked state of the door of the sanitary facility unit.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The control of the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit according to method step b is additionally effected on the basis of the duration for which the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit remains constant.

12. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The control of the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit according to method step b is additionally carried out according to the temperature in the sanitary facility unit and / or the temperature of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator and / or the odor in the sanitary facility unit and / or the noise level in the sanitary facility unit.

13. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The control of the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas conveyed by the ventilator from the sanitary facility unit according to method step b is carried out only by controlling the rotational speed of the ventilator (2).

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