Automatic feeding low rank coal pyrolysis rotary kiln

Abstract

The application discloses a low-rank coal pyrolysis rotary kiln with automatic feeding, and relates to the technical field of rotary kilns.The low-rank coal pyrolysis rotary kiln with automatic feeding comprises a rotary kiln cylinder, a smoke chamber, a support and a bottom plate which are arranged on a rotary kiln body, and the upper side wall of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with a supporting plate.The low-rank coal can be automatically fed, the feeding is more uniform, the feeding blockage and accumulation are avoided, the processing efficiency is ensured, the low-rank coal is crushed and turned over, the pyrolysis of the low-rank coal is more uniform, the low-rank coal can be stopped from feeding when the low-rank coal in the rotary kiln cylinder is more, the accumulation of the low-rank coal in the rotary kiln cylinder is avoided, the pyrolysis of the low-rank coal is more uniform, the tar on the surface of the low-rank coal can be extruded and recovered, the low-rank coal is prevented from being blocked and accumulated due to the tar adhering to the inner side wall of the rotary kiln cylinder, and the pyrolysis of the low-rank coal is more uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rotary kiln technology, specifically to an automatic feeding rotary kiln for low-rank coal pyrolysis. Background Technology

[0002] Low-temperature pyrolysis of low-rank coal to produce coal gas, tar, and semi-coke is a better way to cleanly utilize low-rank coal, overcoming its disadvantages such as high moisture content and easy pulverization, which prevent its direct use. Existing low-rank coal pyrolysis equipment mainly includes vertical furnaces, fluidized bed pyrolysis devices, and rotary kilns with direct gas heat exchange.

[0003] However, when using a rotary kiln to pyrolyze low-rank coal, uneven feeding can easily cause blockages and accumulation of low-rank coal as it enters the kiln shell, affecting processing efficiency. Furthermore, the low-rank coal tends to clump together inside the kiln, affecting the uniformity of pyrolysis and thus the processing quality. Additionally, the tar produced during pyrolysis causes the low-rank coal to adhere to each other and easily stick to the inner wall of the kiln shell, further contributing to the clumping and uneven pyrolysis. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic feeding rotary kiln for low-rank coal pyrolysis to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic feeding rotary kiln for low-rank coal pyrolysis, comprising a rotary kiln shell, a smoke chamber, a support, and a bottom plate disposed on the rotary kiln body. A support plate is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the bottom plate, and a feed pipe is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the support plate. One end of the feed pipe is inserted into and rotatably connected to the rotary kiln shell, and the other end of the feed pipe is fixedly connected to a feed hopper. A feeding mechanism is disposed at the end of the feed pipe near the rotary kiln shell, and a plurality of arrayed lifting plates are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the rotary kiln shell. A crushing mechanism for crushing low-rank coal is disposed within the rotary kiln shell, and a collection mechanism for collecting tar in the low-rank coal is disposed within the rotary kiln shell.

[0006] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a rotating disk rotatably connected inside the feed pipe, and the end of the rotating disk has a plurality of arrayed through holes. The end of the rotating disk is fixedly connected to a plurality of inclined crushing blades, and the rotation of the rotating disk is driven by a driving mechanism. The end of the rotating disk is provided with a cutting mechanism for cutting low-rank coal.

[0007] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a fixed plate fixedly connected to one end of the rotary kiln body near the smoke chamber, and a first fixed rod fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed plate. A second fixed rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the rotating disk, and a connecting mechanism is provided between the second fixed rod and the first fixed rod.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting mechanism includes a first external spline formed on the side wall of the first fixed rod, and a movable ring is sleeved on the side wall of the first fixed rod. The end of the movable ring is fixedly connected to a plurality of arrayed connecting keys, and a plurality of arrayed limiting rods are fixedly connected to the side wall of the first fixed rod. A first spring is sleeved on the side wall of the first fixed rod, and a second external spline is formed on the side wall of the second fixed rod. One end of the movable ring is pushed by a first pushing mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the first pushing mechanism includes an iron block fixedly connected to the end of the moving ring, and a fixing block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first fixing rod. An electromagnet is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixing block, and an installation groove is provided on the side wall of the support. A pressure sensor is fixedly connected in the installation groove, and the electromagnet is electrically connected to the pressure sensor.

[0010] Preferably, the crushing mechanism includes a countersunk hole formed in the side wall of the fixed plate, and a disc is rotatably connected in the countersunk hole. The end of the disc is connected to a movable plate through a reset mechanism, and a plurality of crushing rods arranged in an array are fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the movable plate. The movement of the movable plate is driven by a second pushing mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the reset mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged support blocks fixedly connected to the end of the disk, and a T-shaped guide rod is inserted into the upper side wall of the support block. The lower end of the T-shaped guide rod is fixed to the upper side wall of the moving plate, and a second spring is sleeved on the side wall of each T-shaped guide rod.

[0012] Preferably, the second pushing mechanism includes a plurality of pushing blocks fixedly connected to the side wall of the first fixed rod arranged in an array, and the side wall of the pushing blocks is provided with rounded corners.

[0013] Preferably, the cutting mechanism includes a connecting plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable plate in an L-shape, and the side wall of the connecting plate has a circular hole, the second fixing rod is inserted into the circular hole, and a plurality of arrayed cutting blades are fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting plate.

[0014] Preferably, the collecting mechanism includes an extrusion block fixed to the lower side wall of the moving plate, and the side wall of the rotary kiln body is provided with a plurality of arrayed collecting ports. The upper side wall of the bottom plate is fixedly connected to an L-shaped bracket, and the upper side wall of the bracket is fixedly connected to an annular cover. The annular cover is fitted onto the side wall of the rotary kiln body and rotatably connected thereto. The bottom of the annular cover is fixedly connected to a collecting pipe, and the lower end of the collecting pipe is fixedly connected to a valve.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] (1) This type of automatic feeding rotary kiln for low-rank coal pyrolysis, by setting up a feeding mechanism, allows low-rank coal to be fed into the feed hopper and into the feed pipe during pyrolysis. At the same time, when the rotary kiln body rotates, it drives the fixed plate and the first fixed rod to rotate. The rotation of the first fixed rod drives the second fixed rod and the rotating disk to rotate through the connecting mechanism, so that the crushing knife can pre-crush the low-rank coal. At the same time, as the rotating disk rotates, under the action of the crushing knife, the pre-crushed low-rank coal abuts against the inclined surface of the crushing knife, so that the low-rank coal can be squeezed into the rotary kiln body through the through hole, thereby making the automatic feeding more uniform, avoiding feeding blockage and accumulation, thus ensuring processing efficiency. In addition, the cutter can cut and crush the low-rank coal that has entered the rotary kiln body again, and the setting of the lifting plate can turn the low-rank coal, thereby making the pyrolysis of the low-rank coal more uniform.

[0017] (2) In this type of automatic feeding rotary kiln for low-rank coal pyrolysis, by setting up a connecting mechanism, when the pressure sensor detects that there is a lot of low-rank coal in the rotary kiln cylinder, the electromagnet is energized. After the electromagnet is energized, it attracts the iron block, thereby causing the moving ring and the connecting key to move towards the electromagnet. At the same time, the first spring is compressed, thereby causing the connecting key to exit from the second external spline. At this time, the second fixed rod and the rotating disk stop rotating, so that the low-rank coal is stopped from being fed, thereby avoiding the accumulation of low-rank coal in the rotary kiln cylinder and making the pyrolysis of low-rank coal more uniform.

[0018] (3) This type of automatic feeding rotary kiln for low-rank coal pyrolysis, by setting up a crushing mechanism 6, etc., when the first fixed rod rotates, when the pushing block abuts against the upper side wall of the moving plate, it pushes the moving plate to move downward. At the same time, the second spring is compressed. When the pushing block passes the upper side wall of the moving plate, the moving plate can be reset under the action of the second spring, so that the moving plate moves up and down. The movement of the moving plate drives the movement of the crushing rod, so that the crushing rod can strike and crush the low-rank coal again, making the crushing effect better, and thus making the pyrolysis of the low-rank coal more uniform.

[0019] (4) This type of automatic feeding rotary kiln for low-rank coal pyrolysis, by setting up a collection mechanism, drives the extrusion block to move up and down synchronously when the moving plate moves up and down, thereby extruding the pyrolyzed low-rank coal, so that the tar remaining on its surface is extruded and collected through the collection port into the annular hood. When processing is required, the valve is opened and the coal can be processed through the collection pipe, thereby improving the tar recovery effect. At the same time, it avoids the low-rank coal from being blocked and accumulated due to tar adhering to the inner wall of the rotary kiln cylinder, making the pyrolysis of low-rank coal more uniform. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the smoke chamber in this invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the smoke chamber, rotary kiln body, and feed pipe in this invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the smoke chamber, rotary kiln body, and feed pipe from another perspective in this invention.

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point C.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Rotary kiln body; 101. Rotary kiln cylinder; 102. Smoke chamber; 103. Support; 104. Base plate; 2. Feeding mechanism; 201. Rotating disc; 202. Through hole; 203. Crusher blade; 3. Drive mechanism; 301. Fixing plate; 302. First fixing rod; 303. Second fixing rod; 4. Connecting mechanism; 401. Second external spline; 402. First external spline; 403. Moving ring; 404. Connecting key; 405. First spring; 406. Limiting rod; 5. First pushing mechanism; 501. Iron block; 502. Fixing block; 503. Electromagnet; 504. Mounting groove; 505. 6. Pressure sensor; 7. Crushing mechanism; 601. Moving plate; 602. Crushing rod; 603. Countersunk hole; 604. Disc; 7. Reset mechanism; 701. Support block; 702. T-shaped guide rod; 703. Second spring; 8. Collection mechanism; 801. Extrusion block; 802. Bracket; 803. Annular cover; 804. Collection port; 805. Collection pipe; 806. Valve; 9. Cutting mechanism; 901. Connecting plate; 902. Circular hole; 903. Cutting blade; 10. Second pushing mechanism; 1001. Pushing block; 1002. Rounded corner; 11. Feed pipe; 12. Feed hopper; 13. Support plate; 14. Lifting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Please see Figure 1-7 This invention provides a technical solution: an automatic feeding rotary kiln for low-rank coal pyrolysis, comprising a rotary kiln body 101, a smoke chamber 102, a support 103, and a bottom plate 104 mounted on the rotary kiln body 1. A support plate 13 is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the bottom plate 104, and a feed pipe 11 is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the support plate 13. One end of the feed pipe 11 is inserted into and rotatably connected to the rotary kiln body 101, and the other end of the feed pipe 11 is fixedly connected to a feed hopper 12. A feeding mechanism 2 is provided at one end of the feed pipe 11 near the rotary kiln body 101, and a plurality of arrayed lifting plates 14 are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the rotary kiln body 101. A crushing mechanism 6 for crushing low-rank coal is provided inside the rotary kiln body 101. Furthermore, the rotary kiln shell 101 is equipped with a collection mechanism 8 for collecting tar in low-rank coal. This mechanism enables automatic feeding of low-rank coal, resulting in more uniform feeding and preventing clogging and accumulation, thereby ensuring processing efficiency. Simultaneously, it crushes and agitates the fed low-rank coal, making its pyrolysis more uniform. When there is a large amount of low-rank coal in the rotary kiln shell 101, the feeding of low-rank coal can be stopped, thus preventing its accumulation and ensuring more uniform pyrolysis. In addition, it can squeeze and recover the tar on the surface of the low-rank coal, preventing it from adhering to the inner wall of the rotary kiln shell 101 and thus preventing clogging and accumulation, resulting in more uniform pyrolysis.

[0030] Preferably, the feeding mechanism 2 includes a rotating disk 201 rotatably connected within the feed pipe 11, and the end of the rotating disk 201 has a plurality of arrayed through holes 202. A plurality of inclined crushing blades 203 are fixedly connected to the end of the rotating disk 201, and the rotation of the rotating disk 201 is driven by a driving mechanism 3. The end of the rotating disk 201 is provided with a cutting mechanism 9 for cutting low-rank coal. During the pyrolysis of low-rank coal, low-rank coal is fed into the feed hopper 12 and enters the feed pipe 11. Simultaneously... When the rotary kiln cylinder 101 rotates, the drive mechanism 3 drives the second fixed rod 303 and the rotating disk 201 to rotate, so that the crushing blade 203 can pre-crush the low-rank coal. At the same time, as the rotating disk 201 rotates, under the action of the crushing blade 203, the pre-crushed low-rank coal abuts against the inclined surface of the crushing blade 203, so that the low-rank coal can be squeezed into the rotary kiln cylinder 101 through the through hole 202, thereby making the automatic feeding more uniform, avoiding feeding blockage and accumulation, and thus ensuring processing efficiency.

[0031] Preferably, the drive mechanism 3 includes a fixed plate 301 fixedly connected to one end of the rotary kiln body 101 near the smoke chamber 102, and a first fixed rod 302 fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed plate 301. A second fixed rod 303 is fixedly connected to the other end of the rotating disk 201, and a connecting mechanism 4 is provided between the second fixed rod 303 and the first fixed rod 302. When the rotary kiln body 101 rotates, it drives the fixed plate 301 and the first fixed rod 302 to rotate. The rotation of the first fixed rod 302 drives the second fixed rod 303 and the rotating disk 201 to rotate through the connecting mechanism 4.

[0032] Preferably, the connecting mechanism 4 includes a first external spline 402 formed on the side wall of the first fixed rod 302, and a moving ring 403 is sleeved on the side wall of the first fixed rod 302. A plurality of arrayed connecting keys 404 are fixedly connected to the end of the moving ring 403, and a plurality of arrayed limiting rods 406 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the first fixed rod 302. A first spring 405 is sleeved on the side wall of the first fixed rod 302, and a second external spline 401 is formed on the side wall of the second fixed rod 303. One end of the moving ring 403 is pushed by a first pushing mechanism 5. The first pushing mechanism 5 causes the moving ring 403 and the connecting keys 404 to move towards the electromagnet 503. At the same time, the first spring 405 is compressed, so that the connecting keys 404 are disengaged from the second external spline 401. At this time, the second fixed rod 303 and the rotating disk 201 stop rotating, so that the low-rank coal is stopped from being fed, thereby avoiding the accumulation of low-rank coal in the rotary kiln cylinder 101 and making the pyrolysis of low-rank coal more uniform.

[0033] Preferably, the first pushing mechanism 5 includes an iron block 501 fixedly connected to the end of the moving ring 403, and a fixing block 502 fixedly connected to the side wall of the first fixing rod 302. An electromagnet 503 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixing block 502, and an installation groove 504 is provided on the side wall of the support 103. A pressure sensor 505 is fixedly connected in the installation groove 504, and the electromagnet 503 is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 505. When the pressure sensor 505 detects that there is a lot of low-rank coal in the rotary kiln cylinder 101, the electromagnet 503 is energized. After the electromagnet 503 is energized, it attracts the iron block 501, thereby causing the moving ring 403 and the connecting key 404 to move towards the electromagnet 503.

[0034] Preferably, the crushing mechanism 6 includes a countersunk hole 603 formed in the side wall of the fixed plate 301, and a disc 604 is rotatably connected in the countersunk hole 603. The end of the disc 604 is connected to a moving plate 601 through a reset mechanism 7, and a plurality of arrayed crushing rods 602 are fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the moving plate 601. The movement of the moving plate 601 is driven by the second pushing mechanism 10. During pyrolysis, the second pushing mechanism 10 causes the moving plate 601 to move up and down reciprocally. The movement of the moving plate 601 drives the movement of the crushing rods 602, thereby causing the crushing rods 602 to knock and crush the low-rank coal again, resulting in better crushing effect and more uniform pyrolysis of the low-rank coal.

[0035] Preferably, the reset mechanism 7 includes two symmetrically arranged support blocks 701 fixedly connected to the end of the disk 604, and a T-shaped guide rod 702 is inserted into the upper side wall of the support block 701. The lower end of the T-shaped guide rod 702 is fixed to the upper side wall of the moving plate 601, and a second spring 703 is sleeved on the side wall of each T-shaped guide rod 702, which guides and resets the movement of the moving plate 601.

[0036] Preferably, the second pushing mechanism 10 includes a plurality of pushing blocks 1001 fixedly connected to the side wall of the first fixed rod 302 and arranged in an array. The side wall of the pushing block 1001 is provided with a rounded corner 1002. When the first fixed rod 302 rotates, when the pushing block 1001 abuts against the upper side wall of the moving plate 601, it pushes the moving plate 601 to move downward. At the same time, the second spring 703 is compressed. When the pushing block 1001 passes the upper side wall of the moving plate 601, the moving plate 601 can be reset under the action of the second spring 703, thereby causing the moving plate 601 to move up and down reciprocally.

[0037] Preferably, the cutting mechanism 9 includes a connecting plate 901 fixedly connected to the side wall of the moving plate 601 in an L-shape, and the side wall of the connecting plate 901 has a circular hole 902. The second fixing rod 303 is inserted into the circular hole 902, and a plurality of arrayed cutters 903 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting plate 901. When the rotating disk 201 rotates, the cutters 903 can cut and crush the low-rank coal that enters the rotary kiln cylinder 101 again.

[0038] Preferably, the collecting mechanism 8 includes a pressing block 801 fixed to the lower side wall of the moving plate 601. The crushing rod 602 and the pressing block 801 can maintain a vertically downward state under their own gravity. The side wall of the rotary kiln body 101 has multiple arrayed collecting ports 804. The upper side wall of the bottom plate 104 is fixedly connected to an L-shaped bracket 802, and the upper side wall of the bracket 802 is fixedly connected to an annular cover 803. The annular cover 803 is fitted onto the side wall of the rotary kiln body 101 and rotatably connected to it. The bottom of the annular cover 803 is fixedly connected to a collecting pipe 805. A valve 806 is fixedly connected to the lower end of 805. When the moving plate 601 moves up and down reciprocally, it drives the extrusion block 801 to move up and down synchronously, thereby extruding the pyrolyzed low-rank coal. The tar remaining on its surface is squeezed out and enters the annular hood 803 for collection through the collection port 804. When processing is required, the valve 806 is opened, and the coal can be processed through the collection pipe 805. This improves the tar recovery effect and prevents the low-rank coal from adhering to the inner wall of the rotary kiln cylinder 101 due to tar, thus avoiding the blockage and accumulation of low-rank coal and making the pyrolysis of low-rank coal more uniform.

[0039] Working principle: During operation, when pyrolyzing low-rank coal, it is fed into the feed hopper 12 and enters the feed pipe 11. Simultaneously, the rotary kiln cylinder 101 rotates, causing the fixed plate 301 and the first fixed rod 302 to rotate. The rotation of the first fixed rod 302, through the connecting mechanism 4, drives the second fixed rod 303 and the rotating disk 201 to rotate, enabling the crushing blade 203 to pre-crush the low-rank coal. Meanwhile, as the rotating disk 201 rotates, the crushing process... Under the action of the blade 203, the pre-crushed low-rank coal abuts against the inclined surface of the crushing blade 203, thereby squeezing the low-rank coal into the rotary kiln cylinder 101 through the through hole 202, thus making the automatic feeding more uniform, avoiding feeding blockage and accumulation, thereby ensuring processing efficiency. Furthermore, the cutter 903 can cut and crush the low-rank coal that has entered the rotary kiln cylinder 101 again, and the lifting plate 14 can turn over the low-rank coal, thereby making the pyrolysis of the low-rank coal more uniform.

[0040] When the first fixed rod 302 rotates, when the pushing block 1001 abuts against the upper side wall of the moving plate 601, it pushes the moving plate 601 downward. At the same time, the second spring 703 is compressed. When the pushing block 1001 passes the upper side wall of the moving plate 601, the moving plate 601 can be reset under the action of the second spring 703, so that the moving plate 601 moves up and down. The movement of the moving plate 601 drives the movement of the crushing rod 602, so that the crushing rod 602 can crush the low-rank coal again, making the crushing effect better and the pyrolysis of the low-rank coal more uniform.

[0041] Meanwhile, when the moving plate 601 moves up and down reciprocally, it drives the extrusion block 801 to move up and down synchronously, thereby extruding the pyrolyzed low-rank coal. This causes the tar remaining on the surface to be squeezed out and collected through the collection port 804 into the annular hood 803. When processing is required, the valve 806 is opened, and the coal can be processed through the collection pipe 805. This improves the tar recovery effect and prevents the low-rank coal from being blocked and accumulated due to tar adhering to the inner wall of the rotary kiln cylinder 101, thus making the pyrolysis of the low-rank coal more uniform.

[0042] Furthermore, when the pressure sensor 505 detects a large amount of low-rank coal in the rotary kiln shell 101, it energizes the electromagnet 503. After being energized, the electromagnet 503 attracts the iron block 501, causing the moving ring 403 and the connecting key 404 to move closer to the electromagnet 503. At the same time, the first spring 405 is compressed, causing the connecting key 404 to retract from the second external spline 401. At this point, the second fixed rod 303 and the rotating disk 201 stop rotating, stopping the feeding of low-rank coal and preventing the accumulation of low-rank coal in the rotary kiln shell 101, thus making the pyrolysis of low-rank coal more uniform.

Claims

1. An automatically fed rotary kiln for low-rank coal pyrolysis, comprising a rotary kiln cylinder (101), a smoke chamber (102), a support (103), and a bottom plate (104) disposed on the rotary kiln body (1), characterized in that: A support plate (13) is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the bottom plate (104), and a feed pipe (11) is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the support plate (13). One end of the feed pipe (11) is inserted into the rotary kiln body (101) and rotatably connected thereto. The other end of the feed pipe (11) is fixedly connected to a feed hopper (12). A feeding mechanism (2) is provided at the end of the feed pipe (11) near the rotary kiln body (101). Multiple arrayed lifting plates (14) are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the rotary kiln body (101). A crushing mechanism (6) for crushing low-rank coal is provided inside the rotary kiln body (101). A collection mechanism (8) for collecting tar in low-rank coal is provided inside the rotary kiln body (101). The feeding mechanism (2) includes a rotating disk (201) rotatably connected to the feed pipe (11), and the rotating disk (201) is provided with a plurality of arrayed through holes (202). The feed end of the rotating disk (201) is fixedly connected with a plurality of inclined crushing blades (203), and the rotation of the rotating disk (201) is driven by the driving mechanism (3). The discharge end of the rotating disk (201) is provided with a cutting mechanism (9) for cutting low-rank coal. As the rotating disk (201) rotates, the pre-crushed low-rank coal abuts against the inclined surface of the crushing blades (203), thereby squeezing the low-rank coal into the rotary kiln cylinder (101) through the through holes (202). The driving mechanism (3) includes a fixed plate (301) fixedly connected to one end of the rotary kiln body (101) near the smoke chamber (102), and a first fixed rod (302) fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed plate (301). A second fixed rod (303) is fixedly connected to the other end of the rotating disk (201), and a connecting mechanism (4) is provided between the second fixed rod (303) and the first fixed rod (302). When the rotary kiln body (101) rotates, it drives the fixed plate (301) and the first fixed rod (302) to rotate. The rotation of the first fixed rod (302) drives the second fixed rod (303) and the rotating disk (201) to rotate through the connecting mechanism (4). The connecting mechanism (4) includes a first external spline (402) opened on the side wall of the first fixed rod (302), and a moving ring (403) is sleeved on the side wall of the first fixed rod (302). The end of the moving ring (403) is fixedly connected to a plurality of arrayed connecting keys (404), and a plurality of arrayed limiting rods (406) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the first fixed rod (302). A first spring (405) is sleeved on the side wall of the first fixed rod (302), and a second external spline (401) is opened on the side wall of the second fixed rod (303). One end of the moving ring (403) is pushed by a first pushing mechanism (5). The first pushing mechanism (5) includes an iron block (501) fixedly connected to the end of the moving ring (403), and a fixing block (502) fixedly connected to the side wall of the first fixing rod (302). An electromagnet (503) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixing block (502), and an installation groove (504) is opened on the side wall of the support (103). A pressure sensor (505) is fixedly connected in the installation groove (504), and the electromagnet (503) is electrically connected to the pressure sensor (505). When the pressure sensor (505) detects that there is a lot of low-rank coal in the rotary kiln cylinder (101), the electromagnet (503) is energized. After the electromagnet (503) is energized, it attracts the iron block (501). The moving ring (403) and the connecting key (404) move towards the electromagnet (503). At the same time, the first spring (405) is compressed, and the connecting key (404) is withdrawn from the second external spline (401).

2. The low-rank coal pyrolysis rotary kiln with automatic feeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism (6) includes a countersunk hole (603) on the side wall of the fixed plate (301), and a disc (604) is rotatably connected inside the countersunk hole (603). The end of the disc (604) is connected to a moving plate (601) through a reset mechanism (7), and a plurality of arrayed crushing rods (602) are fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the moving plate (601). The movement of the moving plate (601) is driven by a second pushing mechanism (10). The reset mechanism (7) includes two symmetrically arranged support blocks (701) fixedly connected to the end of the disc (604), and a T-shaped guide rod (702) is inserted into the upper side wall of the support block (701). The lower end of the T-shaped guide rod (702) is fixed to the upper side wall of the moving plate (601). Furthermore, each T-shaped guide rod (702) has a second spring (703) sleeved on its side wall. The second pushing mechanism (10) includes multiple push blocks (1001) fixedly connected to the side wall of the first fixed rod (302) in an array. The side wall of the push block (1001) is provided with rounded corners (1002). When the first fixed rod (302) rotates, when the push block (1001) abuts against the upper side wall of the moving plate (601), it pushes the moving plate (601) to move downward. At the same time, the second spring (703) is compressed. When the push block (1001) passes over the upper side wall of the moving plate (601), the moving plate (601) can be reset under the action of the second spring (703), thereby making the moving plate (601) move up and down reciprocally.

3. The low-rank coal pyrolysis rotary kiln with automatic feeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutting mechanism (9) includes a connecting plate (901) fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable plate (601) in an L-shape, and the side wall of the connecting plate (901) has a round hole (902), the second fixing rod (303) is inserted into the round hole (902), and a plurality of arrayed cutters (903) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting plate (901).

4. The low-rank coal pyrolysis rotary kiln with automatic feeding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The collecting mechanism (8) includes an extrusion block (801) fixed to the lower side wall of the moving plate (601), and the side wall of the rotary kiln body (101) is provided with a plurality of arrayed collecting ports (804). The upper side wall of the bottom plate (104) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped bracket (802), and the upper side wall of the bracket (802) is fixedly connected to an annular cover (803). The annular cover (803) is fitted onto the side wall of the rotary kiln body (101) and rotatably connected thereto. The bottom of the annular cover (803) is fixedly connected to a collecting pipe (805), and the lower end of the collecting pipe (805) is fixedly connected to a valve (806).

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