Charging module, charging device, electronic equipment and charging method

Abstract

The present invention provides a charging module, a charging device, an electronic device and a charging method, comprising: a first charging channel and a second charging channel connected in parallel between a DC input terminal and a power supply output terminal; the first charging channel receives a DC voltage and provides a charging current to a battery based on a Buck‑Boost structure; the second charging channel receives a DC voltage and provides a charging current to a battery based on a switched capacitor structure; wherein the charging current provided by the first charging channel is less than the charging current provided by the second charging channel. The charging module, the charging device, the electronic device and the charging method of the present invention introduce a charging channel of a switched capacitor structure into a multi-core battery charging system. Compared with the charging mechanism of a conventional inductor-based Buck‑Boost converter, a fast charging module based on a switched capacitor structure can provide higher charging efficiency and greater charging power transmission, while reducing heat and electromigration problems, making the entire charging process safer and more reliable, and the charging time is shorter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power supplies, and in particular to a charging module, a charging device, an electronic device and a charging method. Background Art

[0002] With the popularity of mobile power devices, people are paying more and more attention to the stable power supply of mobile power devices. In the field of power supply, the inductor-based Buck-Boost (BB) converter is widely used to charge multi-cell batteries, but its efficiency is usually not high and cannot meet the modern people's demand for fast charging; in addition, the electromigration problem caused by excessive heat generated by the Buck-Boost converter during operation has become a bottleneck for increasing the charging power.

[0003] Therefore, how to improve charging efficiency, maximize charging power, and shorten charging time has become one of the urgent problems to be solved by technicians in this field. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a charging module, a charging device, an electronic device and a charging method, so as to solve the problems of low charging efficiency and long charging time in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object and other related objects, the present invention provides a charging module applied to a high-power battery, wherein the charging module at least comprises:

[0006] A first charging channel and a second charging channel connected in parallel between the DC input terminal and the power supply output terminal;

[0007] The first charging channel receives a DC voltage and provides a charging current to the battery based on a Buck-Boost structure;

[0008] The second charging channel receives the DC voltage and provides a charging current for the battery based on a switched capacitor structure;

[0009] The charging current provided by the first charging channel is smaller than the charging current provided by the second charging channel.

[0010] Optionally, the first charging channel includes first, second, third, fourth and fifth switch tubes, a first capacitor and an inductor;

[0011] One end of the first capacitor is connected to the DC input end, and the other end is grounded;

[0012] One end of the first switch tube is connected to the DC input end, and the other end is grounded via the second switch tube;

[0013] One end of the inductor is connected to a connection node between the first switch tube and the second switch tube, and the other end is grounded via the third switch tube;

[0014] One end of the fourth switch tube is connected to the connection node between the inductor and the third switch tube, and the other end is connected to the power supply output end via the fifth switch tube;

[0015] Wherein, the control end of each switch tube is connected to the corresponding switch control signal.

[0016] Optionally, a ratio of an input voltage to an output voltage of the first charging channel is greater than or equal to 1:1.

[0017] Optionally, a ratio of an input voltage to an output voltage of the first charging channel is less than or equal to 4:1.

[0018] More optionally, the second charging channel includes sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, and fourteenth switching tubes, and second, third, and fourth capacitors;

[0019] The sixth switch tube, the seventh switch tube, the eighth switch tube, the ninth switch tube and the tenth switch tube are sequentially connected in series between the DC input end and the power supply output end;

[0020] The eleventh switch tube and the twelfth switch tube are connected in series between the power supply output terminal and the ground terminal;

[0021] The thirteenth switch tube and the fourteenth switch tube are connected in series between the power supply output terminal and the ground terminal;

[0022] One end of the second capacitor is connected to a connection node between the seventh switch tube and the eighth switch tube, and the other end is connected to a connection node between the eleventh switch tube and the twelfth switch tube;

[0023] One end of the third capacitor is connected to the connection node between the eighth switch tube and the ninth switch tube, and the other end is connected to the connection node between the thirteenth switch tube and the fourteenth switch tube;

[0024] One end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the connection node between the ninth switch tube and the tenth switch tube, and the other end is connected to the connection node between the eleventh switch tube and the twelfth switch tube;

[0025] Wherein, the control end of each switch tube is connected to the corresponding switch control signal.

[0026] More optionally, the second charging channel includes the fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth, twentieth, twenty-first, twenty-second, twenty-third, twenty-fourth, and twenty-fifth switching tubes, and the fifth, sixth, and seventh capacitors;

[0027] The fifteenth switch tube, the sixteenth switch tube, the seventeenth switch tube, the eighteenth switch tube and the nineteenth switch tube are sequentially connected in series between the DC input terminal and the power supply output terminal;

[0028] The 20th switch tube and the 21st switch tube are connected in series between the power supply output terminal and the ground terminal;

[0029] The 22nd switch tube and the 23rd switch tube are connected in series between the power supply output terminal and the ground terminal;

[0030] The twenty-fourth switch tube and the twenty-fifth switch tube are connected in series between the power supply output terminal and the ground terminal;

[0031] One end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the connection node between the sixteenth switch tube and the seventeenth switch tube, and the other end is connected to the connection node between the 20th switch tube and the 21st switch tube;

[0032] One end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the connection node between the seventeenth switch tube and the eighteenth switch tube, and the other end is connected to the connection node between the twenty-second switch tube and the twenty-third switch tube;

[0033] One end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the connection node between the eighteenth switch tube and the nineteenth switch tube, and the other end is connected to the connection node between the twenty-fourth switch tube and the twenty-fifth switch tube;

[0034] Wherein, the control end of each switch tube is connected to the corresponding switch control signal.

[0035] More optionally, each switch tube is a metal oxide field effect transistor or an insulated gate bipolar transistor.

[0036] More optionally, the high-power battery is applied to a notebook computer, a tablet computer or an electric tool.

[0037] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object and other related objects, the present invention provides a charging device, which at least includes: the above-mentioned charging module.

[0038] To achieve the above-mentioned object and other related objects, the present invention provides an electronic device, which at least includes: an electric device and the above-mentioned charging device, wherein the charging device charges a battery in the electric device.

[0039] Optionally, the battery of the electrical device includes at least two single-cell batteries connected in series.

[0040] More optionally, the electrical device is a laptop computer, a tablet computer or an electric tool.

[0041] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object and other related objects, the present invention provides a charging method, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned charging module, and the charging method at least includes:

[0042] When the battery power is less than a first preset value, charging the battery based on the first charging channel;

[0043] When the battery power is greater than the first preset value and less than a second preset value, charging the battery based on the second charging channel;

[0044] When the battery power is greater than the second preset value, charging the battery at a constant voltage based on the first charging channel;

[0045] The first preset value is smaller than the second preset value.

[0046] More optionally, the charging current output by the second charging channel is 1 times, 2 times, 3 times or 4 times the input current.

[0047] As described above, the charging module, charging device, electronic device and charging method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0048] The charging module, charging device, electronic device and charging method of the present invention introduce a charging channel of a switched capacitor structure into a multi-cell battery charging system. Compared with the charging mechanism of a traditional inductor-based Buck-Boost converter, the fast charging module based on a switched capacitor structure can provide higher charging efficiency and greater charging power transmission, while reducing heat and electromigration problems. The entire charging process is safer and more reliable, and the charging time is shorter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of the charging module of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of the charging module of the present invention is shown.

[0051] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram showing the waveforms of the charging current and the charging voltage of the charging method of the present invention.

[0053] Component number description

[0054] 1 Charging module

[0055] 11 First charging channel

[0056] 12 Second charging channel

[0057] 2 Electrical devices

[0058] 3 Charging device

[0059] Steps S1 to S3 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0061] See also Figure 1 to Figure 4 It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only used to illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the drawings only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0062] Embodiment 1

[0063] This embodiment provides a charging module 1, which is applied to a high-power battery. The high-power battery is applied to a notebook computer, a tablet computer or an electric tool. The charging module 1 includes:

[0064] The first charging channel 11 and the second charging channel 12 are connected in parallel between the DC input terminal and the power supply output terminal.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, the first charging channel 11 receives a DC voltage VBUS and provides a charging current for the battery based on a Buck-Boost structure.

[0066] Specifically, the first charging channel 11 is implemented by an inductor-based Buck-Boost structure. As an example, the first charging channel 11 includes a first switch tube Q1, a second switch tube Q2, a third switch tube Q3, a fourth switch tube Q4, a fifth switch tube Q5, a first capacitor C1 and an inductor L1; one end of the first capacitor C1 receives the DC voltage VBUS, and the other end is grounded; one end of the first switch tube Q1 receives the DC voltage VBUS, and the other end is grounded via the second switch tube Q2; one end of the inductor L1 is connected to the connection node between the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2, and the other end is grounded via the third switch tube Q3; one end of the fourth switch tube Q4 is connected to the connection node between the inductor L1 and the third switch tube Q3, and the other end is connected to the power supply output end via the fifth switch tube Q5; wherein the control end of each switch tube is connected to the corresponding switch control signal, and the first charging channel 11 is switched to work in BUCK mode or BOOST mode based on the conduction status of each switch tube to realize charging of the battery. As an example, the DC voltage VBUS is 5V to 48V. In actual use, any device that can realize the inductor-based Buck-Boost structure and its connection relationship are applicable to the present invention, and are not limited to this embodiment.

[0067] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, each switch tube is implemented by NMOS. In practical applications, any type of device that can be controlled to realize the switching function is suitable for the present invention, including but not limited to metal oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET) devices, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) devices, integrated gate commutated thyristor (IGCT) devices, gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) devices, silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) devices, junction gate field effect transistor (JFET) devices, MOS controlled thyristor (MCT) devices, and gallium nitride (GaN)-based power devices, which are not listed one by one here.

[0068] Specifically, as another implementation of the present invention, the first charging channel 11 also includes a controller (not shown in the figure), the output end of the controller is connected to the control end of each switch tube, and is used to generate each switch control signal. As an example, the controller can generate each switch control signal based on an external control signal; as another example, the controller is connected to both ends of the inductor L1 to obtain the voltage and / or current on the inductor L1, which is used as a basis for generating each switch control signal. As another example, the first charging channel 11 also includes a first resistor R1, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the DC voltage VBUS, and the other end is connected to the connection node between the first capacitor C1 and the first switch tube Q1, which is used to collect input current; the controller is connected to both ends of the first resistor R1, obtains the voltage collected on the first resistor R1, and generates each switch control signal according to the voltage on the first resistor R1. As another example, the first charging channel 11 further includes a second resistor R2, which is connected between the fifth switch tube Q5 and the power supply output terminal and is used to collect output current; the controller is connected to both ends of the second resistor R2, obtains the voltage collected on the second resistor R2, and generates various switch control signals according to the voltage on the second resistor R2. The above examples can be used in combination, that is, the controller can generate various switch control signals based on one or more combinations of including but not limited to inductor current, inductor voltage, input current and output voltage, which are not described one by one here.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, the second charging channel 12 receives the DC voltage VBUS and provides a charging current for the battery based on a switched capacitor structure.

[0070] Specifically, in this embodiment, the second charging channel 12 is implemented by a switched capacitor charge pump, and the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage is 1:1, 2:1 or 4:1. In actual use, the corresponding conversion ratio can be set according to actual needs, and the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage is not less than 1:1. In one embodiment, the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage is 1:1 to 4:1. As an example, the second charging channel 12 includes a sixth switch tube Q6, a seventh switch tube Q7, an eighth switch tube Q8, a ninth switch tube Q9, a tenth switch tube Q10, an eleventh switch tube Q11, a twelfth switch tube Q12, a thirteenth switch tube Q13, a fourteenth switch tube Q14, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3 and a fourth capacitor C4; one end of the sixth switch tube Q6 is connected to the DC voltage VBUS, and the other end is connected to one end of the seventh switch tube Q7; the other end of the seventh switch tube Q7 is connected to one end of the eighth switch tube Q8, the other end of the eighth switch tube Q8 is connected to one end of the ninth switch tube Q9, the other end of the ninth switch tube Q9 is connected to one end of the tenth switch tube Q10, and the other end of the tenth switch tube Q10 is connected to the power supply output end; one end of the eleventh switch tube Q11 is connected to the power supply output end, and the other end is connected to one end of the twelfth switch tube Q12, and the other end of the twelfth switch tube Q12 is grounded; one end of the thirteenth switch tube Q13 is connected to the power supply output end, The other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to one end of the fourteenth switch tube Q14; the other end of the fourteenth switch tube Q14 is grounded; one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the connection node of the seventh switch tube Q7 and the eighth switch tube Q8, and the other end is connected to the connection node of the eleventh switch tube Q11 and the twelfth switch tube Q12; one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the connection node of the eighth switch tube Q8 and the ninth switch tube Q9, and the other end is connected to the connection node of the thirteenth switch tube Q13 and the fourteenth switch tube Q14; one end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the connection node of the ninth switch tube Q9 and the tenth switch tube Q10, and the other end is connected to the connection node of the eleventh switch tube Q11 and the twelfth switch tube Q12; wherein the control end of each switch tube is connected to the corresponding switch control signal, and the output voltage of the second charging channel 12 is converted into 1 times, 1 / 2 times or 1 / 4 times of the input voltage based on the conduction status of each switch tube, that is, the output current is 1 times, 2 times or 4 times the input current, thereby realizing charging of the battery. In this embodiment, the charging current provided by the first charging channel 11 is smaller than the charging current provided by the second charging channel 12 .

[0071] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, each switch tube is implemented by NMOS. In practical applications, any type of device that can be controlled to realize the switching function is suitable for the present invention, including but not limited to metal oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET) devices, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) devices, integrated gate commutated thyristor (IGCT) devices, gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) devices, silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) devices, junction gate field effect transistor (JFET) devices, MOS controlled thyristor (MCT) devices, and gallium nitride (GaN)-based power devices, which are not listed one by one here.

[0072] As another implementation of the present invention, the second charging channel 12 further includes a controller (not shown) for generating various switch control signals, which will not be described in detail herein.

[0073] It should be noted that any (charge pump) circuit structure that can amplify the input current (including but not limited to 1 times, 1.5 times, 2 times, 2.5 times, 3 times, 3.5 times, 4 times, 5 times, which are not described here one by one) is suitable for the present invention, and is not limited to this embodiment.

[0074] like Figure 1 As shown, as another implementation of the present invention, the charging module 1 also includes an eighth capacitor C8 and a ninth capacitor C9; one end of the eighth capacitor C8 receives the DC voltage VBUS, and the other end is grounded; one end of the ninth capacitor C9 receives the DC voltage VBUS, and the other end is grounded; the eighth capacitor C8 and the ninth capacitor C9 are used to store and stabilize the DC voltage VBUS.

[0075] This embodiment implements charging based on a charging module in which a Buck-Boost structure and a switched capacitor structure are connected in parallel, wherein the Buck-Boost structure is used for trickle charging and constant voltage charging, and the switched capacitor structure is used for fast charging. Since the switched capacitor structure has higher efficiency, the charging power can be maximized without generating excessive heat, and the charging time is greatly shortened.

[0076] Embodiment 2

[0077] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a charging module 1, which is different from the first embodiment in that the second charging channel 12 can convert the output voltage into 1 times, 1 / 2 times, 1 / 3 times or 1 / 4 times the input voltage.

[0078] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the second charging channel 12 includes a fifteenth switch tube Q15, a sixteenth switch tube Q16, a seventeenth switch tube Q17, an eighteenth switch tube Q18, a nineteenth switch tube Q19, a twentieth switch tube Q20, a twenty-first switch tube Q21, a twenty-second switch tube Q22, a twenty-third switch tube Q23, a twenty-fourth switch tube Q24, a twenty-fifth switch tube Q25, a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6 and a seventh capacitor C7; one end of the fifteenth switch tube Q15 is connected to the DC voltage VBUS, and the other end is connected to one end of the sixteenth switch tube Q16; the sixteenth switch tube Q1 The other end of the 20th switch tube Q20 is connected to one end of the power supply output terminal, and the other end is connected to one end of the 21st switch tube Q21; the other end of the 21st switch tube Q21 is grounded; one end of the 22nd switch tube Q22 is connected to the power supply output terminal, and the other end is connected to one end of the 23rd switch tube Q22. The second end of the second switch tube Q23 is connected to the power supply output terminal, and the other end is connected to one end of the second switch tube Q25; the other end of the second switch tube Q25 is grounded; one end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the connection node of the sixteenth switch tube Q16 and the seventeenth switch tube Q17, and the other end is connected to the connection node of the twenty-tenth switch tube Q20 and the twenty-first switch tube Q21; one end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the connection node of the seventeenth switch tube Q17 and the eighteenth switch tube Q18, and the other end is connected to the connection node of the second switch tube Q20 and the twenty-first switch tube Q21; one end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the connection node of the seventeenth switch tube Q17 and the eighteenth switch tube Q18, and the other end is connected to the connection node of the second switch tube Q20 and the twenty-first switch tube Q21; a connection node between the twenty-second switch tube Q22 and the twenty-third switch tube Q23; one end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected to the connection node between the eighteenth switch tube Q18 and the nineteenth switch tube Q19, and the other end is connected to the connection node between the twenty-fourth switch tube Q24 and the twenty-fifth switch tube Q25; wherein the control end of each switch tube is connected to the corresponding switch control signal, and the output voltage of the second charging channel 12 is converted into 1 times, 1 / 2 times, 1 / 3 times or 1 / 4 times of the input voltage based on the conduction status of each switch tube, that is, the output current is 1 times, 2 times, 3 times or 4 times the input current, thereby realizing charging of the battery.

[0079] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, each switch tube is implemented by NMOS. In practical applications, any type of device that can be controlled to realize the switching function is suitable for the present invention, including but not limited to metal oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET) devices, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) devices, integrated gate commutated thyristor (IGCT) devices, gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) devices, silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) devices, junction gate field effect transistor (JFET) devices, MOS controlled thyristor (MCT) devices, and gallium nitride (GaN)-based power devices, which are not listed one by one here.

[0080] It should be noted that the circuit structure of the corresponding second charging channel can be set according to the number of batteries connected in series. As an example, assuming that the DC voltage is 5V to 48V and the full charge voltage of a single battery is 4.5V, a 1:1 switch capacitor structure can be used to obtain an output voltage of 48V, which is applicable to 2S (two single batteries connected in series), 3S (three single batteries connected in series), and 4S (four single batteries connected in series); a 2:1 switch capacitor structure can be used to obtain an output voltage of 24V, which is applicable to 2S, 3S, and 4S; a 3:1 switch capacitor structure can be used to obtain an output voltage of 16V, which is applicable to 2S and 3S; a 4:1 switch capacitor structure can be used to obtain an output voltage of 12V, which is applicable to 2S; this is not limited to the present embodiment.

[0081] Embodiment 3

[0082] This embodiment provides a charging device, which includes the charging module of the first embodiment or the second embodiment.

[0083] Specifically, as an example, the charging device is a programmable power supply terminal adapter (PPS-TA); with the popularity of programmable power supply terminal adapters, the fast charging mechanism based on the switched capacitor structure can complete the entire charging process through a system loop composed of PPS-TA, a switched capacitor converter and an application processor (AP) or a microcontroller, and the charging cable complies with the fast charging standard. In practical applications, any device that can realize the charging function based on the charging module is applicable to the present invention, not limited to this embodiment.

[0084] Embodiment 4

[0085] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0086] An electric device 2 and a charging device 3 , wherein the charging device 3 charges a battery in the electric device 2 .

[0087] Specifically, the battery of the power-consuming device 2 includes at least two single-cell batteries connected in series, for example, including 2 single-cell batteries connected in series, 3 single-cell batteries connected in series, and 4 single-cell batteries connected in series; in actual use, at least three single-cell batteries are connected in series and in parallel. The positive electrode of the battery is connected to the power supply output terminal of the charging device 3, and the negative electrode is grounded.

[0088] Specifically, in this embodiment, the power device 2 is a power device provided with a high-power battery, and the high-power battery refers to a battery pack having at least two single-cell batteries connected in series. The power device 2 includes a laptop computer, a tablet computer, or a power tool. As an example, the power tool includes but is not limited to an electric drill, an electric hammer, a vacuum cleaner, and a portable juicer, which are not described one by one here.

[0089] Specifically, as an example, the power consumption device 2 and the charging device 3 are charged based on the USB PD 3.1 protocol (USB fast charging standard). USB PD 3.1 supports charging signal transmission with a voltage of up to 48V and a current of 5A. The converter with a switched capacitor structure can be flexibly configured as needed to adapt to the output capacity of the series-connected battery unit and the adapter, thereby expanding the scope of application.

[0090] Embodiment 5

[0091] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a charging method, which is implemented by using the charging module of embodiment 1. The charging method includes:

[0092] S1) When the battery power is less than a first preset value, the battery is charged based on the first charging channel 11.

[0093] Specifically, the battery power is judged. If the battery power is less than a first preset value, it is determined that the battery power is very low and charging must be started with a small current, i.e., trickle charging. The small current charging is to protect the battery and avoid damage to the internal structure of the battery caused by a large current shock.

[0094] Specifically, Figure 1As shown, the fifth switch tube Q5 is turned on, and the first charging channel 11 is selected; the sixth switch tube Q6 is turned off, and the second charging channel 12 is closed. The on and off of each switch tube in the first charging channel 11 is controlled to charge the battery based on the BUCK-BOOST principle; when the first switch tube Q1, the second switch tube Q2, and the fourth switch tube Q4 are turned on, and the third switch tube Q3 is turned off, the inductor L1 is discharged, and the second charging channel 12 works in the buck mode; when the first switch tube Q1, the third switch tube Q3, and the fourth switch tube Q4 are turned on, and the second switch tube Q2 is turned off, the inductor L1 is charged, and the second charging channel 12 works in the boost mode.

[0095] It should be noted that if the battery power is greater than the first preset value when charging starts, the trickle charging process can be omitted.

[0096] S2) When the battery power is greater than the first preset value and less than a second preset value, charging the battery based on the second charging channel 12.

[0097] Specifically, the battery power is judged. If the battery power is greater than the first preset value and less than the second preset value, it is determined that the battery power is not low but has not reached or is not close to the full charge. At this time, a large current can be used for charging to save charging time. As charging proceeds, the battery voltage gradually increases. As an example, the maximum allowable charging current is used for constant current charging to achieve the purpose of saving the most time.

[0098] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the fifth switch tube Q5 is turned off, and the first charging channel 11 is closed; the sixth switch tube Q6 is turned on, and the second charging channel 12 is selected. The on and off of each switch tube in the second charging channel 12 is controlled to convert the output current into 1 times, 2 times or 4 times the input current to provide a large current charging current for the battery.

[0099] More specifically, the seventh switch tube Q7, the eighth switch tube Q8, the ninth switch tube Q9 and the tenth switch tube Q10 are all turned on, and the eleventh switch tube Q11, the twelfth switch tube Q12, the thirteenth switch tube Q13 and the fourteenth switch tube Q14 are all turned off. At this time, the current is output from the input end to the power supply output end through the seventh switch tube Q7, the eighth switch tube Q8, the ninth switch tube Q9 and the tenth switch tube Q10 in sequence. Then, the voltage VBAT of the power supply output end = the DC voltage VBUS, and the output voltage is equal to the input voltage. Therefore, the output current is equal to the input current, that is, the current amplification factor is 1.

[0100] More specifically, first, the seventh switch tube Q7 and the eleventh switch tube Q11 are turned on, and the eighth switch tube Q8, the ninth switch tube Q9, the tenth switch tube Q10, the twelfth switch tube Q12, the thirteenth switch tube Q13 and the fourteenth switch tube Q14 are all turned off. At this time, the current flows from the input end to the power supply output end through the seventh switch tube Q7, the second capacitor C2 and the eleventh switch tube Q11 in sequence, and the voltage VC2 on the second capacitor = VBUS-VBAT; then, the eighth switch tube Q8, the ninth switch tube Q9, the tenth switch tube Q 10 and the twelfth switch tube Q12 are turned on, and the seventh switch tube Q7, the eleventh switch tube Q11, the thirteenth switch tube Q13 and the fourteenth switch tube Q14 are all turned off. At this time, the current flows from the second capacitor C2 to the power supply output end through the eighth switch tube Q8, the ninth switch tube Q9 and the tenth switch tube Q10 in sequence, then VC2=VBAT; the two equations are combined to obtain VBAT=1 / 2VBUS, that is, the output voltage is 1 / 2 times the input voltage. Assuming that there is no loss in the capacitor and the wiring, the input power is equal to the output power. Therefore, it can be obtained that the output current is twice the input current.

[0101] More specifically, first, each capacitor is pre-charged, the voltage on the second capacitor C2 is 3 / 4VBUS, the voltage on the third capacitor C3 is 2 / 4VBUS, and the voltage on the fourth capacitor C4 is 1 / 4VBUS; then, the seventh switch tube Q7, the ninth switch tube Q9, the eleventh switch tube Q11, and the fourteenth switch tube Q14 are all turned on, and the eighth switch tube Q8, the tenth switch tube Q10, the twelfth switch tube Q12, and the thirteenth switch tube Q13 are all turned off. At this time, a current flows from the input end through the seventh switch tube Q7, the positive electrode-negative electrode of the second capacitor C2, and the The eleventh switch tube Q11 flows to the power supply output end, VC2=VBUS-VBAT=3 / 4VBUS, then VBAT=1 / 4VBUS; another current flows from the power supply output end through the eleventh switch tube Q11, the negative electrode-positive electrode of the fourth capacitor C4, the ninth switch tube Q9, the positive electrode-negative electrode of the third capacitor C3 and the fourteenth switch tube Q14 to the ground, VC3-VC4=VBAT=2 / 4VBUS-1 / 4VBUS=1 / 4VBUS, then VBAT=1 / 4VBUS; that is, the output voltage is 1 / 4 times the input voltage, and the output current is 4 times the input current. Next, the eighth switch tube Q8, the tenth switch tube Q10, the twelfth switch tube Q12 and the thirteenth switch tube Q13 are all turned on, and the seventh switch tube Q7, the ninth switch tube Q9, the eleventh switch tube Q11 and the fourteenth switch tube Q14 are all turned off. At this time, a current flows from the power supply output end through the thirteenth switch tube Q13, the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the third capacitor C3, the eighth switch tube Q8, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the second capacitor C2 and the twelfth switch tube Q14 in sequence. The switch tube Q12 is connected to the ground, VC2-VC3=VBAT=3 / 4VBUS-2 / 4VBUS=1 / 4VBUS, then VBAT=1 / 4VBUS; another current passes from the power supply output end in sequence through the tenth switch tube Q10, the positive and negative electrodes of the fourth capacitor C4 and the twelfth switch tube Q12 to the ground, VC4=VBAT=1 / 4VBUS, then VBAT=1 / 4VBUS; that is, the output voltage is 1 / 4 times the input voltage, and the output current is 4 times the input current.

[0102] S3) When the battery power is greater than the second preset value, constant voltage charging is performed on the battery based on the first charging channel.

[0103] Specifically, the battery power is judged. If the battery power is greater than the second preset value, it is determined that the battery power reaches or is close to the full charge voltage. At this time, the constant voltage charging mode is switched to keep the voltage unchanged and gradually reduce the charging current. If the charging current is not reduced, the voltage may be too high, causing damage to the battery. At this time, the first charging channel 11 is selected, the second charging channel 12 is closed, and the first charging channel 11 is controlled to charge the battery based on the BUCK-BOOST principle. The specific working process is not described here one by one.

[0104] It should be noted that the first preset value and the second preset value can be set according to (including but not limited to) the actual battery material and capacity, ensuring that when the battery power is greater than the first preset value, using a large current charging does not cause major damage to the internal components of the battery, and ensuring that when the battery power is greater than the second preset value, the battery can enter a constant voltage charging mode.

[0105] Embodiment 6

[0106] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a charging method, which is implemented by using the charging module of the second embodiment. The difference from the fifth embodiment is that the output current can also be converted into 3 times the input current. The charging method includes:

[0107] S1) When the battery power is less than a first preset value, the battery is charged based on the first charging channel 11.

[0108] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the fifth switch tube Q5 is turned on, and the first charging channel 11 is turned on; the fifteenth switch tube Q15 is turned off, and the second charging channel 12 is closed. The specific operation method is shown in the fifth embodiment, which is not described here one by one.

[0109] S2) When the battery power is greater than the first preset value and less than a second preset value, charging the battery based on the second charging channel 12.

[0110] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the fifth switch tube Q5 is turned off, and the first charging channel 11 is closed; the fifteenth switch tube Q15 is turned on, and the second charging channel 12 is selected. The second charging channel 12 is controlled to convert the output current into 1 times, 2 times, 3 times or 4 times the input current to provide a large current charging current for the battery.

[0111] More specifically, the sixteenth switch tube Q16, the seventeenth switch tube Q17, the eighteenth switch tube Q18 and the nineteenth switch tube Q19 are all turned on, and the twentieth switch tube Q20, the twenty-first switch tube Q21, the twenty-second switch tube Q22, the twenty-third switch tube Q23, the twenty-fourth switch tube Q24 and the twenty-fifth switch tube Q25 are all turned off. At this time, the current is output from the input end to the power supply output end through the sixteenth switch tube Q16, the seventeenth switch tube Q17, the eighteenth switch tube Q18 and the nineteenth switch tube Q19 in sequence. Then, the voltage VBAT of the power supply output end = the DC voltage VBUS, and the output voltage is equal to the input voltage. Therefore, the output current is equal to the input current, that is, the current amplification factor is 1.

[0112] More specifically, first, the sixteenth switch tube Q16 and the twenty-third switch tube Q20 are turned on, and the other switch tubes are turned off, then the seventeenth switch tube Q17, the eighteenth switch tube Q18, the nineteenth switch tube Q19 and the twenty-first switch tube Q21 are turned on, and the other switch tubes are turned off, then, VBAT=1 / 2VBUS is obtained, that is, the output voltage is 1 / 2 times the input voltage, and the output current is 2 times the input current. The specific principle is shown in Example 5, which is not repeated here.

[0113] More specifically, first, each capacitor is pre-charged, the voltage on the fifth capacitor C5 is 2 / 3VBUS, the voltage on the sixth capacitor C6 is 1 / 3VBUS, and the voltage on the seventh capacitor C7 is 1 / 3VBUS; then, the sixteenth switch tube Q16, the eighteenth switch tube Q18, the nineteenth switch tube Q19, the twentieth switch tube Q20, the twenty-third switch tube Q23 and the twenty-fifth switch tube Q25 are all turned on, and the seventeenth switch tube Q17, the twenty-first switch tube Q21, the twenty-second switch tube Q22 and the twenty-fourth switch tube Q24 are all turned off. At this time, a current flows from the input end through the sixteenth switch tube Q16, the fifth capacitor C5 and the 20th switch tube Q20 to the power supply output end, VC5= VBUS-VBAT=2 / 3VBUS, then VBAT=1 / 3VBUS; another current passes through the nineteenth switch tube Q19, the eighteenth switch tube Q18, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the sixth capacitor C6, and the twenty-third switch tube Q23 from the power supply output end to the ground in sequence, VC6=VBAT=1 / 3VBUS, then VBAT=1 / 3VBUS; another current passes through the nineteenth switch tube Q19, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the seventh capacitor C7, and the twenty-fifth switch tube Q25 from the power supply output end to the ground in sequence, the seventh capacitor C7 is connected in parallel with the sixth capacitor C6, VC7=VBAT=1 / 3VBUS, then VBAT=1 / 3VBUS; that is, the output voltage is 1 / 3 times the input voltage, and the output current is 3 times the input current. Then, the seventeenth switch tube Q17, the twenty-first switch tube Q21, the twenty-second switch tube Q22, and the twenty-fourth switch tube Q24 are all turned on, and the sixteenth switch tube Q16, the eighteenth switch tube Q18, the nineteenth switch tube Q19, the twentieth switch tube Q20, the twenty-third switch tube Q23, and the twenty-fifth switch tube Q25 are all turned off. At this time, a current passes through the twenty-second switch tube Q22, the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the sixth capacitor C6, and the twenty-first switch tube Q21 from the power supply output end to the ground in sequence. VC5-VC6=VBAT=2 / 3VBUS-1 / 3VBUS=1 / 3VBUS, then VBAT=1 / 3VBUS; that is, the output voltage is 1 / 3 times the input voltage, and the output current is 3 times the input current.

[0114] More specifically, first, each capacitor is precharged, the voltage on the fifth capacitor C5 is 3 / 4VBUS, the voltage on the sixth capacitor C6 is 2 / 4VBUS, and the voltage on the seventh capacitor C7 is 1 / 4VBUS; then, the sixteenth switch tube Q16, the eighteenth switch tube Q18, the twentieth switch tube Q20, the twenty-third switch tube Q23, and the twenty-fourth switch tube Q24 are turned on, and the remaining switch tubes are turned off, then VBAT=1 / 4VBUS; that is, the output voltage is 1 / 4 times the input voltage, and the output current is 4 times the input current; then, the seventeenth switch tube Q17, the nineteenth switch tube Q19, the twenty-first switch tube Q21, the twenty-second switch tube Q22, and the twenty-fifth switch tube Q25 are all turned on, and the remaining switch tubes are all turned off, then VBAT=1 / 4VBUS; that is, the output voltage is 1 / 4 times the input voltage, and the output current is 4 times the input current. For the specific principle, please refer to Embodiment 5, which will not be repeated here.

[0115] S3) When the battery power is greater than the second preset value, constant voltage charging is performed on the battery based on the first charging channel.

[0116] Specifically, the first charging channel 11 is enabled, the second charging channel 12 is disabled, and the first charging channel 11 is controlled to charge the battery based on the BUCK-BOOST principle. The specific operation method is shown in Embodiment 5, which will not be described in detail here.

[0117] In summary, the present invention provides a charging module, a charging device, an electronic device and a charging method, comprising: a first charging channel and a second charging channel connected in parallel between a DC input terminal and a power supply output terminal; the first charging channel receives a DC voltage and provides a charging current for a battery based on a Buck-Boost structure; the second charging channel receives the DC voltage and provides a charging current for the battery based on a switched capacitor structure; wherein the charging current provided by the first charging channel is less than the charging current provided by the second charging channel. The charging module, the charging device, the electronic device and the charging method of the present invention introduce a charging channel of a switched capacitor structure into a multi-core battery charging system. Compared with the charging mechanism of a conventional inductor-based Buck-Boost converter, the fast charging module based on a switched capacitor structure can provide higher charging efficiency and greater charging power transmission, while reducing heat and electromigration problems, making the entire charging process safer and more reliable, and the charging time shorter. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art and has a high industrial utilization value.

[0118] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A charging module, applied to high-power batteries, characterized in that: The charging module at least comprises: A first charging channel and a second charging channel connected in parallel between the DC input terminal and the power supply output terminal; The first charging channel receives a DC voltage and provides a charging current to the battery based on a Buck-Boost structure; The second charging channel receives the DC voltage and provides a charging current for the battery based on a switched capacitor structure; Wherein, the charging current provided by the first charging channel is less than the charging current provided by the second charging channel; The ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage of the second charging channel is greater than or equal to 1:

1. The second charging channel includes a sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, and fourteenth switch tubes, and second, third, and fourth capacitors; the sixth switch tube, the seventh switch tube, the eighth switch tube, the ninth switch tube, and the tenth switch tube are connected in series between the DC input terminal and the power supply output terminal in sequence; the eleventh switch tube and the twelfth switch tube are connected in series between the power supply output terminal and the ground terminal; the thirteenth switch tube and the fourteenth switch tube are connected in series between the power supply output terminal and the ground terminal; and the ground terminal; one end of the second capacitor is connected to the connection node between the seventh switch tube and the eighth switch tube, and the other end is connected to the connection node between the eleventh switch tube and the twelfth switch tube; one end of the third capacitor is connected to the connection node between the eighth switch tube and the ninth switch tube, and the other end is connected to the connection node between the thirteenth switch tube and the fourteenth switch tube; one end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the connection node between the ninth switch tube and the tenth switch tube, and the other end is connected to the connection node between the eleventh switch tube and the twelfth switch tube; the control end of each switch tube is connected to the corresponding switch control signal.

2. The charging module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first charging channel includes first, second, third, fourth and fifth switch tubes, a first capacitor and an inductor; One end of the first capacitor is connected to the DC input end, and the other end is grounded; One end of the first switch tube is connected to the DC input end, and the other end is grounded via the second switch tube; One end of the inductor is connected to a connection node between the first switch tube and the second switch tube, and the other end is grounded via the third switch tube; One end of the fourth switch tube is connected to the connection node between the inductor and the third switch tube, and the other end is connected to the power supply output end via the fifth switch tube; Wherein, the control end of each switch tube is connected to the corresponding switch control signal.

3. The charging module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Each switch tube is a metal oxide field effect transistor or an insulated gate bipolar transistor.

4. The charging module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The high-power battery is applied to notebook computers, tablet computers or electric tools.

5. A charging module, applied to high-power batteries, characterized in that: The charging module at least comprises: A first charging channel and a second charging channel connected in parallel between the DC input terminal and the power supply output terminal; The first charging channel receives a DC voltage and provides a charging current to the battery based on a Buck-Boost structure; The second charging channel receives the DC voltage and provides a charging current for the battery based on a switched capacitor structure; Wherein, the charging current provided by the first charging channel is less than the charging current provided by the second charging channel; The ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage of the second charging channel is greater than or equal to 1:

1. The second charging channel includes a fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth, twentieth, twenty-first, twenty-second, twenty-third, twenty-fourth, and twenty-fifth switch tubes, and a fifth, sixth, and seventh capacitor; the fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth switch tubes are sequentially connected in series between the DC input terminal and the power supply output terminal; the twenty-tenth and twenty-first switch tubes are connected in series between the power supply output terminal and the ground terminal; the twenty-second and twenty-third switch tubes are connected in series between the power supply output terminal and the ground terminal; the second The fourteenth switch tube and the twenty-fifth switch tube are connected in series between the power supply output terminal and the ground terminal; one end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the connection node between the sixteenth switch tube and the seventeenth switch tube, and the other end is connected to the connection node between the twenty-th switch tube and the twenty-first switch tube; one end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the connection node between the seventeenth switch tube and the eighteenth switch tube, and the other end is connected to the connection node between the twenty-second switch tube and the twenty-third switch tube; one end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the connection node between the eighteenth switch tube and the nineteenth switch tube, and the other end is connected to the connection node between the twenty-fourth switch tube and the twenty-fifth switch tube; the control end of each switch tube is connected to the corresponding switch control signal.

6. The charging module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first charging channel includes first, second, third, fourth and fifth switch tubes, a first capacitor and an inductor; One end of the first capacitor is connected to the DC input end, and the other end is grounded; One end of the first switch tube is connected to the DC input end, and the other end is grounded via the second switch tube; One end of the inductor is connected to a connection node between the first switch tube and the second switch tube, and the other end is grounded via the third switch tube; One end of the fourth switch tube is connected to the connection node between the inductor and the third switch tube, and the other end is connected to the power supply output end via the fifth switch tube; Wherein, the control end of each switch tube is connected to the corresponding switch control signal.

7. The charging module according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: Each switch tube is a metal oxide field effect transistor or an insulated gate bipolar transistor.

8. The charging module according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The high-power battery is applied to notebook computers, tablet computers or electric tools.

9. A charging device, characterized in that: The charging device at least comprises: a charging module as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device at least comprises: An electric device and a charging device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the charging device charges a battery in the electric device.

11. The electronic device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The battery of the electric device comprises at least two single-cell batteries connected in series.

12. The electronic device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The electrical device is a notebook computer, a tablet computer or an electric tool.

13. The electronic device according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that: Charging is achieved between the power-consuming device and the charging device based on the USB PD 3.1 protocol.

14. A charging method, implemented based on the charging module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The charging method at least comprises: When the battery power is less than a first preset value, charging the battery based on the first charging channel; When the battery power is greater than the first preset value and less than a second preset value, charging the battery based on the second charging channel; When the battery power is greater than the second preset value, charging the battery at a constant voltage based on the first charging channel; The first preset value is smaller than the second preset value.

15. The charging method according to claim 14, characterized in that: The charging current output by the second charging channel is 1 times, 2 times, 3 times or 4 times the input current.

Images