A pump-type hydraulic retarder

Abstract

The application provides a pump type hydraulic resistance retarder, which mainly solves the technical problems of the existing retarder, such as large weight and volume, small continuous power, starting lag and poor braking effect at low speed. The retarder comprises a pump and a pressure regulating device, the pump comprises a pump shell, a main rotor and N auxiliary rotors located at the outer periphery of the main rotor; the pump shell is provided with N liquid inlet channels; the main rotor is provided with N blades, the N blades divide the cavity between the main rotor, the auxiliary rotors and the pump shell into N pump cavities, an inner cavity with a single-end outlet is axially arranged in the main rotor, and a first liquid outlet hole is arranged between the inner cavity and the N pump cavities; the inner cavity is connected with the pressure regulating device; the pressure regulating device is provided with a liquid outlet channel; and the liquid inlet channel, the pump cavity, the first liquid outlet hole, the inner cavity and the liquid outlet channel form a liquid channel. The pressure regulating device can be embedded or connected externally, so that the application range is wider.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to hydraulic retarder technology, in particular to a pump-type hydraulic resistance retarder. Background Art

[0002] As a crucial feature for safe downhill driving, retarders significantly impact driving safety. Currently, retarders primarily include eddy current retarders and hydraulic coupling retarders. Eddy current retarders are primarily installed on buses. While simple to install and offering excellent low-speed performance, they are also heavier and bulkier, and have lower continuous power output.

[0003] Existing hydraulic retarders, also known as hydraulic retarders, are primarily installed at the output of a transmission. Their structure and operating principle are similar to those of a hydraulic coupling and torque converter. Using oil as the working medium, a hydraulic retarder creates a stirring and squeezing force on the oil by the rotor and stator impellers. This force dissipates the energy transferred from the wheels to the rotor impellers, causing the working oil to heat up, thereby converting kinetic energy into heat.

[0004] Hydraulic retarders can operate using either a fluid-filled start or a clutch-filled start. When using the fluid-filled start connection, the retarder requires a certain amount of fluid to function properly. This process takes time, and can easily cause starting lag. Furthermore, because the retarder's internal structure is similar to a fluid coupling or torque converter, these products offer high continuous power but complex structures and processing, resulting in relatively high manufacturing costs. Braking performance at low speeds is poor, particularly at speeds below 10 km / h. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a pump type hydraulic retarder to solve the technical problems of existing retarders such as large weight and volume, small continuous power, delayed start and poor low speed braking effect.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] A pump-type hydraulic retarder includes a pump and a pressure regulating valve. The pump includes a pump housing and a main rotor arranged in the pump housing, and N auxiliary rotors located on the outer periphery of the main rotor and coupled to the main rotor, wherein N ≥ 1; the pump housing is provided with N liquid inlet channels; the main rotor is provided with N blades, and the N blades divide the cavity between the main rotor, the auxiliary rotor and the pump housing into N pump chambers. The special feature is that: an inner cavity with a single-end outlet is axially provided inside the main rotor, and a first liquid outlet is respectively provided between the inner cavity and the N pump chambers; the inner cavity is connected to the pressure regulating valve; the pressure regulating valve is provided with a liquid outlet channel; the liquid inlet channel, the pump chamber, the first liquid outlet, the inner cavity and the liquid outlet channel constitute a liquid channel.

[0008] Further, the inner cavity is connected with the pressure regulating valve through a pipeline.

[0009] Further, the pressure regulating valve is arranged in the inner cavity, thereby improving the compactness of the device.

[0010] Further, the pressure regulating valve comprises a pressure regulating valve shell and a pressure regulating valve piston arranged in the pressure regulating valve shell; the pressure regulating valve shell and the pressure regulating valve piston are in a gapless fit in the radial direction; the pressure regulating valve piston is a cavity structure that is resistant to torsion and axially telescopic, with an inner end as an inlet end and an outer end as an outlet end; the liquid outlet channel is arranged in the cavity of the pressure regulating valve piston; the pressure regulating valve shell is provided with one or more second liquid outlet holes in the radial direction around the inlet end; the pressure regulating valve piston is provided with one or more third liquid outlet holes in the radial direction around the inner end; the pressure regulating valve piston is axially telescopic relative to the inner cavity, for adjusting the relative positions of the second liquid outlet holes and the third liquid outlet holes, thereby adjusting the liquid outlet area of the liquid.

[0011] Further, the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve shell is connected with a worm gear or a gear through a bearing or a sliding fit; the pressure regulating valve piston is in meshing connection with the internal thread of the worm gear or the gear; the pressure regulating motor drives the worm gear or the gear to rotate, and further drives the pressure regulating valve piston to move axially through the thread rotation.

[0012] Further, the pressure regulating valve comprises a pressure regulating valve shell and a pressure regulating valve piston arranged in the pressure regulating valve shell; the pressure regulating valve shell and the pressure regulating valve piston are in a gapless fit in the radial direction; the pressure regulating valve piston is a cavity structure that is resistant to torsion and axially telescopic, with an inner end as an inlet end and an outer end as an outlet end; the liquid outlet channel is arranged in the cavity of the pressure regulating valve piston; the pressure regulating valve shell is provided with one or more second liquid outlet holes in the radial direction around the inlet end; the pressure regulating valve piston is provided with one or more third liquid outlet holes in the radial direction around the inner end; the pressure regulating valve piston is axially telescopic relative to the inner cavity, for adjusting the relative positions of the second liquid outlet holes and the third liquid outlet holes, thereby adjusting the liquid outlet area of the liquid.

[0013] Further, the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve shell is connected with a worm gear or a gear through a bearing or a sliding fit; the pressure regulating valve piston is in meshing connection with the internal thread of the worm gear or the gear; the pressure regulating motor drives the worm gear or the gear to rotate, and further drives the pressure regulating valve piston to move axially through the thread rotation.

[0014] Further, the inlet end of the pressure regulating valve piston is provided with a hole plate, and the end face of the pressure regulating valve piston close to the hole plate is provided with a pressure relief hole corresponding to the through hole of the hole plate in the axial direction.

[0015] Further, the liquid inlet channel is provided with one or more liquid inlet holes, which are round holes, square holes or special-shaped holes.

[0016] Furthermore, 2N first sealing strips are provided between the pump housing and the auxiliary rotor, and the first sealing strips are opposite to each other and abut against both sides of the auxiliary rotor; second sealing strips are embedded on the blades, and one or more springs or elastic strips are provided at the ends of the second sealing strips to improve the overall sealing of the device.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The pump-type hydraulic resistance retarder of the present invention fully utilizes the space inside the pump and saves the pressure regulating pipeline by adopting an embedded pressure regulating valve, thereby making the retarder lighter and smaller in size and more reliable.

[0019] 2. The pump-type hydraulic retarder of the present invention provides N blades on the main rotor, and uses N blades to work simultaneously, so that the retarder's retarding efficiency is increased to N times that of a single blade, thereby reducing the fluctuation of the retarder's internal pressure, thereby alleviating the vehicle's sense of frustration during driving and realizing a high-power density retarder.

[0020] 3. In the pump-type hydraulic retarder of the present invention, N blades and N auxiliary rotors are arranged circumferentially of the main rotor, so that the radial force of the main rotor bearing is balanced, thereby increasing the service life of the bearing.

[0021] 4. The pump-type hydraulic resistance retarder of the present invention adopts the working principle of hydraulic resistance. When the vehicle speed is low, even when the vehicle speed is close to zero, the retarder still has a large retarding effect.

[0022] 5. The pump-type hydraulic resistance retarder of the present invention can adopt an embedded pressure regulating valve or an external pressure regulating valve, which has a wider range of applications. At the same time, the embedded pressure regulating valve makes the internal pressure of the retarder linearly adjustable, thereby realizing the cruise control function in the retarding state.

[0023] 6. The pump-type hydraulic retarder of the present invention can use various media such as water and oil as the working medium, among which water is more environmentally friendly than oil. At the same time, if water is used to directly dissipate heat, the heat capacity ratio of water is greater than that of oil, which is more conducive to heat diffusion, thereby improving the safety of retarder operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a pump-type hydraulic retarder according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is the AA section view;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of

[0027] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of liquid inlet and flow direction in Example 1 of a pump-type hydraulic retarder of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the coupled rotation state of the main rotor and the auxiliary rotor in the first embodiment of a pump-type hydraulic retarder of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid flow structure in Example 1 of a pump-type hydraulic retarder of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the structure of a pump-type hydraulic retarder according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure regulating valve piston rotating pressure regulation in the third embodiment of a pump-type hydraulic retarder of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the open state of the pressure regulating valve piston rotating to regulate pressure in Example 3 of a pump-type hydraulic retarder of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a closed state of a third embodiment of a pump-type hydraulic retarder according to the present invention, in which the piston of the pressure regulating valve rotates to regulate pressure;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a pump-type hydraulic retarder according to the present invention, in which a rotary pressure relief hole is arranged on the piston end face of a pressure regulating valve;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a radial schematic diagram of a rotary pressure relief hole arranged on the end face of the pressure regulating valve piston of Example 3 of a pump-type hydraulic retarder of the present invention.

[0036] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0037] 1- pump, 11- pump housing, 111- liquid inlet channel, 112- liquid inlet hole, 12- main rotor, 121- blades, 13- secondary rotor, 14- pump chamber, 15- inner chamber, 16- first liquid outlet hole, 17- first sealing strip, 18- second sealing strip;

[0038] 2-pressure regulating valve, 21-liquid outlet channel, 22-pressure regulating valve housing, 221-second liquid outlet hole, 23-pressure regulating valve piston, 231-third liquid outlet hole, 232-pressure relief hole, 24-worm gear, 25-orifice plate, 251-through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Combine Figures 1 to 7As shown, a pump-type hydraulic retarder includes a pump 1 and a pressure regulating valve 2. The pump 1 includes a pump housing 11 and a main rotor 12 disposed inside the pump housing 11, and N sub-rotors 13 coupled to the main rotor 12, wherein N ≥ 1. In this embodiment, N = 3, i.e., 3 sub-rotors, and the 3 sub-rotors are evenly distributed around the circumference of the main rotor 12, so that the radial force on the bearing of the main rotor 12 is balanced, thereby increasing the service life of the bearing. A steel ring (belt) and plastic composite sealing element is used between the pump 1 and the pressure regulating valve 2 to ensure the sealing performance of the retarder under high pressure. At the same time, the sub-rotor 13 and the pump housing 11 are also provided with bearings to facilitate the flexibility of the sub-rotor 13 in rotation, thereby improving the efficiency and working performance of the retarder.

[0041] The pump housing 11 is also provided with N liquid inlet channels 111, and the liquid inlet channels 111 are provided with one or more liquid inlet holes 112. The liquid inlet holes 112 can be selected as round holes, square holes or special-shaped hole structures, and can also be designed into the required shape according to actual needs, so that the liquid can smoothly enter the pump chamber 14 from the liquid inlet channels 111.

[0042] The main rotor 12 is provided with N blades 121. By using N blades to work simultaneously, the retarder's retarding efficiency is increased to N times that of a single blade, achieving a high-power-density retarder. The N blades 121 divide the cavity between the main rotor 12, the auxiliary rotor 13, and the pump housing 11 into N pump chambers 14. The main rotor 12 is also provided with an inner cavity 15 with a single-end outlet axially. A first liquid outlet 16 is provided between the inner cavity 15 and the N pump chambers 14. The inner cavity 15 is connected to the pressure regulating valve 2. In this embodiment, the pressure regulating valve 2 is disposed within the inner cavity 15, fully utilizing the space within the pump, saving pressure regulating piping, and making the retarder lighter and smaller. At the same time, the embedded pressure regulating valve makes the internal pressure of the retarder linearly adjustable, thereby achieving a cruise control function in the retarding state. The pressure regulating valve 2 is provided with a liquid outlet channel 21; the liquid inlet channel 111, the pump chamber 14, the first liquid outlet 16, the inner cavity 15, and the liquid outlet channel 21 together constitute the liquid channel.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, the pressure regulating valve 2 includes a pressure regulating valve housing 22 and a pressure regulating valve piston 23 disposed inside the pressure regulating valve housing 22. The pressure regulating valve housing 22 and the pressure regulating valve piston 23 are radially matched without clearance. The pressure regulating valve piston 23 is a cavity structure that is resistant to torsion and can be extended and retracted in the axial direction. Its inner end is the inlet end and its outer end is the outlet end. The liquid outlet channel 21 is disposed in the cavity of the pressure regulating valve piston 23. One or more second liquid outlet holes 221 are provided on the radial circumference of the inlet end of the pressure regulating valve housing 22; one or more third liquid outlet holes 231 are provided on the radial circumference of the inner end of the pressure regulating valve piston 23. The pressure regulating valve piston 23 can move axially relative to the inner cavity 15. The relative positions of the second liquid outlet hole 221 and the third liquid outlet hole 231 are changed by the axial extension and retraction movement of the pressure regulating valve piston 23, thereby adjusting the liquid outlet area, thereby achieving the purpose of slowing down by using pump-type liquid resistance.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, 2N first sealing strips 17 are provided between the pump housing 11 and the auxiliary rotor 13. These first sealing strips 17 are positioned opposite each other and abut against both sides of the auxiliary rotor 13. This ensures that when the auxiliary rotor 13 moves driven by the main rotor 12, the liquid is sealed within the pump chamber 14, thereby improving the sealing performance of the entire device. To prevent the first sealing strips 17 from falling off, the pump housing 11 is further provided with an anti-slip groove, into which the first sealing strips 17 are mounted.

[0045] In addition, a second sealing strip 18 is embedded on the blade 121, and one or more springs or elastic strips are provided at the lower end of the second sealing strip 18. The second sealing strip 18 combined with the setting of the spring or elastic strip not only improves the sealing performance of the device, but also avoids direct contact between the blade 121 and the auxiliary rotor 13 and the pump housing 11 when the main rotor 12 is rotating. When the second sealing strip 18 is worn, it can automatically adjust, thereby increasing the service life of the device.

[0046] Combine Figures 1 to 7 The working principle of the pump type hydraulic retarder of the present invention is:

[0047] When the vehicle power is transmitted to the retarder through the axle-end gear shaft, the input end of the retarder transmits the power to the main rotor 12, and the main rotor 12 drives the auxiliary rotor 13 to rotate synchronously through gears or other transmission methods. At this time, the liquid enters the pump chamber 14 from one or more through holes provided on the liquid inlet channel 111; as the main rotor 12 and the auxiliary rotor 13 rotate in coupling, the volume of the liquid in the N pump chambers 14 is compressed, and the liquid further enters the inner cavity 15 through the first liquid inlet hole 16, and then passes through the pressure regulating valve 2 to adjust the liquid resistance. The pressure regulating valve 2 includes a pressure regulating valve housing 22 and a pressure regulating valve piston 23. The pressure regulating valve housing 22 is provided with a second liquid outlet 221, and the pressure regulating valve piston 23 is provided with a third liquid outlet 231. When liquid enters the inner cavity 15, it first passes through the second liquid outlet 221 at the inlet end of the pressure regulating valve housing 22. By adjusting the relative positions of the second liquid outlet 221 and the third liquid outlet 231, the liquid outlet area inside the retarder is adjusted. Finally, the liquid flows out through the liquid outlet channel 21 in the pressure regulating valve 2, thereby completing the operation of the retarder. The present invention adopts the principle of liquid resistance. When the vehicle speed is low, even when the vehicle speed is close to zero, the retarder still has a large retarding effect.

[0048] In this embodiment, the relative positions of the second liquid outlet 221 and the third liquid outlet 231 are achieved through the axial expansion and contraction of the pressure regulating valve piston 23 for anti-torsion. The specific process is that the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve housing 22 is connected to the worm gear 24 or gear through a bearing or a sliding fit, and the pressure regulating valve piston 23 is engaged with the internal circle thread of the worm gear 24 or gear. The pressure regulating motor drives the worm gear 24 or gear to rotate, and the thread rotation further drives the pressure regulating valve piston 23 to move axially, thereby realizing the relative positions of the second liquid outlet 221 and the third liquid outlet 231, and completing the adjustment of the liquid outlet area.

[0049] It is worth noting that the present embodiment can adopt various media such as water and oil as the working medium, among which water is more environmentally friendly than oil. At the same time, if water is used to directly dissipate heat, the heat capacity ratio of water is greater than that of oil, which is more conducive to the diffusion of heat, thereby improving the safety of the retarder operation.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] Compared to the first embodiment, the pressure-regulating valve 2 and the inner cavity 15 are connected by a pipe in this embodiment. The pressure-regulating valve 2 is an external structure and is provided with a liquid outlet channel 21. The liquid inlet channel 111, the pump cavity 14, the first liquid outlet hole 16, the inner cavity 15, and the liquid outlet channel 21 together form a liquid channel, thereby regulating the internal pressure of the retarder. The structural design of this embodiment has a wider range of applications, and the structural design and application location of the pressure-regulating valve 2 are also more flexible.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] like Figures 8 to 12As shown, compared with Example 1 and Example 2, in this embodiment, the pressure regulating valve piston 23 is a rotary cavity structure, the inner end of which is the inlet end, and the outer end of which is the outlet end; the liquid outlet channel 21 is arranged in the cavity of the pressure regulating valve piston 23, and the pressure regulating valve piston 23 can rotate relative to the inner cavity 15. When the liquid enters the second liquid outlet hole 221, the relative position of the second liquid outlet hole 221 and the third liquid outlet hole 231 can be adjusted by rotating the pressure regulating valve piston 23, thereby adjusting the liquid outlet area, thereby achieving the purpose of slowing down. In this embodiment, the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve housing 22 is connected to a worm gear 24 or a gear through a bearing or a sliding fit; the pressure regulating valve piston 23 is fixedly connected to the inner circle of the worm gear 24 or the gear or connected through a spline or a single key, and the pressure regulating motor drives the worm gear 24 or the gear to rotate, thereby driving the pressure regulating valve piston 23 to rotate together.

[0054] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, an orifice plate 25 is further provided at the inlet end of the pressure regulating valve piston 23, and a pressure relief hole 232 corresponding to the through hole 251 of the orifice plate 25 is axially provided on the end face of the pressure regulating valve piston 23 close to one end of the orifice plate 25. When the internal pressure is too large, the driving device drives the worm gear 24 to rotate, and then the pressure regulating valve piston 23 rotates synchronously through a spline or a fixed connection, so that the position of the through hole 251 on the orifice plate 25 and the pressure relief hole 232 are relatively offset, thereby realizing a change in the flow area and further achieving the purpose of pressure regulation.

[0055] The pump-type hydraulic retarder of the present invention has a compact structure, small size and light weight. It also improves the shortcomings of existing retarders such as starting lag and poor low-speed braking effect, and further improves the braking power density and linear controllability of the hydraulic retarder.

[0056] Based on this embodiment, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pump-type hydraulic retarder, comprising a pump (1) and a pressure regulating valve (2), wherein the pump (1) comprises a pump housing (11), a main rotor (12) disposed in the pump housing (11), and N auxiliary rotors (13) located on the periphery of the main rotor (12) and coupled to the main rotor (12), wherein: N≥1; the pump housing (11) is provided with N liquid inlet channels (111); the main rotor (12) is provided with N blades (121), and the N blades (121) divide the cavity between the main rotor (12), the auxiliary rotor (13) and the pump housing (11) into N pump chambers (14), characterized in that: An inner cavity (15) with a single-end outlet is axially provided inside the main rotor (12), and a first liquid outlet hole (16) is provided between the inner cavity (15) and the N pump cavities (14). The inner cavity (15) is connected to the pressure regulating valve (2). The pressure regulating valve (2) is provided with a liquid outlet channel (21). The liquid inlet channel (111), the pump cavity (14), the first liquid outlet hole (16), the inner cavity (15), and the liquid outlet channel (21) constitute a liquid channel. The pressure regulating valve (2) is arranged in the inner cavity (15), and the pressure regulating valve (2) includes a pressure regulating valve housing (22) arranged in the inner cavity (15) and a pressure regulating valve piston (23) arranged inside the pressure regulating valve housing (22); the pressure regulating valve housing (22) and the pressure regulating valve piston (23) are radially matched without clearance; the pressure regulating valve piston (23) is a cavity structure that is anti-torsion and axially retractable, the inner end of which is the inlet end and the outer end of which is the outlet end; the liquid outlet channel (21) is arranged in the cavity of the pressure regulating valve piston (23); the radial circumference of the inlet end of the pressure regulating valve housing (22) is provided with one or more second liquid outlet holes (221); one or more third liquid outlet holes (231) are provided on the radial circumference of the inner end of the pressure regulating valve piston (23); the pressure regulating valve piston (23) can be axially extended and retracted relative to the inner cavity (15) to adjust the relative positions of the second liquid outlet hole (221) and the third liquid outlet hole (231); the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve housing (22) is connected to a worm wheel (24) or a gear through a bearing or a sliding fit; the pressure regulating valve piston (23) is meshed with the inner circle thread of the worm wheel (24) or the gear, and the pressure regulating motor drives the worm wheel (24) or the gear to rotate, and further drives the pressure regulating valve piston (23) to move axially through the rotation of the thread; Alternatively, the pressure regulating valve (2) is arranged in the inner cavity (15), and the pressure regulating valve (2) includes a pressure regulating valve housing (22) and a pressure regulating valve piston (23) arranged inside the pressure regulating valve housing (22); the pressure regulating valve housing (22) and the pressure regulating valve piston (23) are radially matched without clearance; the pressure regulating valve piston (23) is a non-axially retractable rotary cavity structure, the inner end of which is the inlet end, and the outer end of which is the outlet end; the liquid outlet channel (21) is arranged in the cavity of the pressure regulating valve piston (23); the radial circumference of the inlet end of the pressure regulating valve housing (22) is provided with one or more second liquid outlet holes (221); the radial circumference of the inner end of the pressure regulating valve piston (23) is provided with one or more third liquid outlet holes (231); The pressure regulating valve piston (23) can rotate relative to the inner cavity (15) to adjust the relative positions of the second liquid outlet hole (221) and the third liquid outlet hole (231); the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve housing (22) is connected to a worm wheel (24) or a gear through a bearing or a sliding fit; the pressure regulating valve piston (23) is fixedly connected or splined to the inner circle of the worm wheel (24) or the gear, and the pressure regulating motor drives the worm wheel (24) or the gear to rotate, thereby driving the pressure regulating valve piston (23) to rotate; an orifice plate (25) is provided at the inlet end of the pressure regulating valve piston (23), and a pressure relief hole (232) corresponding to the through hole (251) of the orifice plate (25) is axially provided on the end surface of the pressure regulating valve piston (23) close to one end of the orifice plate (25).

2. A pump-type hydraulic retarder according to claim 1, characterized in that: One or more liquid inlet holes (112) are provided on the pump housing (11) at a position connected to the liquid inlet channel (111), and the liquid inlet holes (112) are circular holes, square holes, or special-shaped holes.

3. A pump-type hydraulic retarder according to claim 2, characterized in that: 2N first sealing strips (17) are provided between the pump housing (11) and the auxiliary rotor (13), and the first sealing strips (17) are opposed to each other in pairs and abut against both sides of the auxiliary rotor (13); A second sealing strip (18) is embedded in the blade (121), and one or more springs or elastic strips are provided at the end of the second sealing strip (18).

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