A multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device and method for preparing activated carbon by physical method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device and method for preparing activated carbon by physical method, and relates to the field of preparation of activated carbon in an activation furnace and thermal regeneration technology of waste activated carbon. The device comprises a sealed screw conveyor, a feed pipe, a baffled hood, a pneumatic conveying medium inlet, a distributor, a feed pipe, a discharge pipe, a cooler, a top gas mixer, a cyclone separator, a returner, a slag pipe, a gas chassis, a bottom gas hood, and a slag cooler. The present invention captures carbonaceous semi-coke particles with a particle size greater than 100 microns through a cyclone separator, and the activator gas flow is recycled from the lower furnace through the baffled hood to the upper furnace material layer. After the granular carbonaceous material is fluidized and activated from the upper furnace, it flows into the lower furnace material layer through the feed pipe and continues to be fluidized and activated, and then the product is collected; while saving the activator, it also increases the activated carbon yield of the carbonaceous raw material, making the integrated furnace device more environmentally friendly and economical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of preparation of activated carbon in an activation furnace and thermal regeneration of waste activated carbon, and in particular to a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device and method for preparing activated carbon by physical method. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are many furnace types and activation processes for the physical activation of activated carbon, and the main furnace types are Slep activation furnace, rotary furnace, rake furnace, etc. The activation process is that the activation gas contacts the surface of the solid particles and the activator gas diffuses into the carbon layer. Therefore, the existing furnace types have problems such as slow activation speed, long activation time, and poor product quality consistency; and the existing furnace types are large in size and high in cost. The Slep furnace commonly used at present has a complex structure, a long start-up and shutdown time, low steam utilization rate, and high consumption. The biggest disadvantage of the rotary activation furnace is high energy consumption and low unit volume output. The rake furnace is expensive and has a long construction period. Among them, heat-resistant steel needs to be imported from abroad and there are certain dead angles during activation. Moreover, the above activation furnaces cannot activate powdered carbon raw materials.

[0003] As the usage of activated carbon increases, the demand for the regeneration of waste activated carbon becomes stronger and stronger. In order to reduce carbon emissions, the regeneration of waste activated carbon has broad prospects. At present, there are two types of furnaces for thermal regeneration of waste activated carbon: rake furnace and rotary furnace. Both furnaces require external gas supply and can only regenerate granular waste activated carbon. They have strong selectivity for the particle size of waste activated carbon, consume a lot of energy, and the quality of activated carbon after thermal regeneration decreases significantly. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned technologies and to provide a physical activated carbon activation and thermal regeneration device using a gas-solid fluidized contact method, and to provide a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace and method for preparing activated carbon using a physical method. The invention is a fluidized activation technology using direct gas-solid contact, and is also an advanced technology for preparing activated carbon using a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace; the invention aims to solve the problems of high energy consumption in existing furnaces for thermal regeneration of waste activated carbon, and a significant decrease in the quality of the activated carbon after thermal regeneration.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by physical method, the device comprising:

[0007] Sealed screw conveyor, feed pipe, distributor, feed pipe, discharge pipe, cooler, top gas mixer, cyclone separator, returner, slag pipe, gas box, slag cooler;

[0008] The material enters the distributor through the sealed screw conveyor through the feed pipe; enters the first layer of the furnace material layer for fluidization activation; after the set residence time for fluidization activation, it enters the next layer of the furnace fluidization material layer through the discharge pipe for deep fluidization activation, until it is discharged from the integrated furnace body through the discharge pipe and enters the cooler for indirect cooling and collection;

[0009] The number of furnaces in this part can be increased, and generally the best number of furnaces is 2-4.

[0010] The high-temperature mixed gas at the bottom enters the bottom furnace fluidized material layer of the multi-chamber furnace from the gas box through the hood, and while serving as a fluidizing medium, it also provides a high-temperature water vapor activator for the furnace fluidized material layer;

[0011] The waste slag in each furnace waste slag area moves through the slag lowering pipe into the next furnace waste slag area until it is discharged from the furnace body through the slag lowering pipe of the lowest furnace waste slag area and collected by the slag cooler;

[0012] The activated tail gas enters the cyclone separator to separate the solid and gas, and the gas enters the subsequent treatment; the solid returns to the multi-chamber furnace for fluidized activation through the return feeder;

[0013] Specific;

[0014] The device includes a silo, a sealed screw conveyor, a feed pipe, a multi-chamber furnace, a discharge pipe, a cooler, a gas box and a hood, a pneumatic conveying medium inlet, a cyclone separator, a returner, a distributor, a top gas mixer, a jacketed hood, a slag discharge pipe, a discharge pipe, a baffle hood, and a slag cooler;

[0015] Each layer of the multi-hearth furnace is also provided with an ash and slag area and a fluidized material layer;

[0016] After the device is started, the carbonaceous material enters the distributor from the silo through the feed pipe by the sealed screw conveyor; then enters the first furnace; after the set residence time in the first furnace for fluidization activation, the high-temperature carbonaceous solid is discharged into the next furnace working material layer through the discharge pipe for another deep fluidization activation. After the specific gravity of the carbonaceous particles becomes smaller, due to the effect of gas pressure and their own gravity, they are discharged downward through the discharge pipe into the next furnace for further fluidization activation, until the activation is qualified, and then discharged from the set furnace through the discharge pipe to the outside of the furnace and collected by the cooler;

[0017] Large-sized carbonaceous solids and gangue-like waste slag that cannot be fluidized enter the ash slag area, move to the ash slag area of ​​the next furnace through the slag lowering pipe, and are discharged from the furnace body through the slag lowering pipe of the lowest furnace and collected by the slag cooler;

[0018] Carbonaceous solid particles with small particle size and activated tail gas enter the cyclone separator to separate solids and gases, and the gases enter the subsequent treatment; the solids return to the multi-chamber furnace again through the return feeder for continued fluidization and activation; the activated tail gas and a part of the carbonaceous solid particles with small particle size discharged from the upper first-layer furnace enter the cyclone separator for gas-solid separation, and the carbonaceous solids after separation are returned to the upper furnace for continued fluidization and activation; the activated gas is cooled by the gas / gas heat exchange device, and the air and steam are preheated at the same time, and then the cooled gas is collected by the bag filter to form powdered activated carbon with finer particle size and qualified; the cooled activated tail gas enters the gas treatment process for fuel gas return utilization or external delivery; the activated tail gas can also be directly incinerated, and the sensible heat of the high-temperature flue gas is collected by the preheater and the waste heat boiler to be used to purify the qualified flue gas for atmospheric discharge;

[0019] A part of the activator gas is added through the annular steam inlet on the furnace wall of each furnace. The high-temperature mixed gas at the bottom enters the fluidized material layer in the bottom furnace of the multi-chamber furnace from the gas box through the wind hood. While serving as the high-temperature fluidizing medium, the high-temperature water vapor also serves as the activator gas. The high-temperature gas between the furnaces enters the upper fluidized material layer from the lower furnace through the deflection hood that passes through the bottom plate of the furnace.

[0020] The deflection hoods evenly arranged at the bottom of the furnace can prevent carbonaceous solids from returning to the lower furnace, ensuring that the high-temperature airflow passes evenly upward through the fluidized material layer; the lower slag pipes of adjacent furnaces are evenly cross-arranged on the same circumference when viewed from a top view, which is convenient for uniform and smooth slag discharge, and the lower slag pipes are inserted from the bottom of the upper furnace downward into the slag in the slag discharge area of ​​the next layer of furnace.

[0021] Furthermore, the device also includes a spare silo and a spare sealed screw conveyor; before feeding, the material in the spare silo enters the device through the spare sealed screw conveyor, and the device is started to enter a high-temperature fluidization state.

[0022] Furthermore, the device also includes an annular steam supply inlet and an annular air supply inlet on the furnace wall; water vapor is evenly supplied to the annular steam supply inlet on the furnace wall; air is evenly supplied to the annular air supply inlet on the furnace wall; water vapor is evenly supplied as an activator gas to maintain the activator concentration of the fluidized material layer in the upper furnace, and oxygen in the air is evenly supplied to react with the activated tail gas moving upward to produce a gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction, providing high-temperature gas sensible heat for the activation endothermic reaction of the carbonaceous solids in the upper furnace material layer, maintaining the continuous and stable progress of the activation reaction in the upper furnace, and the high-temperature carbon dioxide gas formed at the same time also serves as a gas activator for the activation reaction in the upper layer; the high-temperature mixed gas flows through the deflection hoods evenly arranged on the furnace bottom plate and penetrating the furnace, and enters the upper fluidized material layer for fluidization activation with the carbonaceous particles in the upper furnace.

[0023] Furthermore, in the device, in the same furnace, the lower end of the upper furnace discharge pipe immersed in the fluidized material layer is lower than the upper end of the same layer discharge pipe; this is to reduce the mixing of raw and cooked carbonaceous solid particles, so that the high-temperature carbonaceous solid particles entering this furnace from the upper furnace can stay for the set fluidized activation reaction time.

[0024] Furthermore, in the device, the upper end of the lower slag pipe is level with the bottom of the corresponding furnace, and the lower end of the lower slag pipe is immersed in the ash and slag area of ​​the next furnace; the position of the lower slag pipe is arranged according to the slag repose angle formed by the edge of the furnace wall where the horizontal air discharge of the baffle hood is formed and the bottom slag outlet, and the horizontal inclination angle is greater than 45 degrees; the number of slag pipes per layer exceeds 4, and they are evenly arranged around the circumference. In this way, the slag discharge blind area of ​​the slag area is minimized, so that the slag can be discharged more smoothly when the furnace pressure fluctuates, and the high-temperature airflow is kept to circulate smoothly from the bottom through the baffle hood to the top, so as to keep the fluidization activation of each furnace continuous and stable, and the slag discharge blind area of ​​the slag area is cleaned and repaired when the furnace is shut down.

[0025] Furthermore, in the device, the distributor should be in the fluidized material layer of the first furnace.

[0026] The discharge pipes of adjacent furnaces of the present invention are arranged crosswise on the same circle (looking down), which is convenient for smooth discharge. The high-temperature carbonaceous particles flow from the fluidized material layer of the upper furnace through the discharge pipe in sequence into the fluidized material layer of the next furnace, until they are activated into qualified activated carbon products and then discharged from the furnace body and collected after indirect cooling by a cooler. The second furnace can discharge the activated carbon directly from the furnace wall / or through the discharge pipe through the bottom furnace to the outside at the corresponding discharge pipe height, and the finished activated carbon is collected by the cooler.

[0027] The feed pipe, feed pipe, slag pipe and hood required for each furnace of the present invention are all made of high-temperature resistant alloy materials to provide mechanical properties, and are coated with high-temperature resistant / wear-resistant / corrosion-resistant ceramic materials inside and outside. The expansion joint is filled with high-temperature resistant fibers so that these components can be used for a long time and stably.

[0028] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing activated carbon by a physical method, the method comprising:

[0029] Step 1: Before feeding, the material in the spare silo enters the device through the spare sealed screw conveyor, and the device is started to enter the high-temperature fluidization state;

[0030] Step 2, after the device is started, the material enters the distributor from the silo through the feed pipe by a sealed screw conveyor; then enters the first furnace fluidized material layer; under the action of gas pressure and the solid's own gravity, it evenly falls into the first furnace fluidized material layer of the integrated activation furnace; after the first furnace is fluidized and activated for a set residence time, the high-temperature carbonaceous particles are discharged through the discharge pipe into the next furnace working condition fluidized material layer for another deep fluidization activation; as the activation reaction proceeds, the specific surface area of ​​the carbonaceous particles increases, the pore volume increases, and the specific gravity gradually decreases. Under the action of the gas fluidized medium, the high-temperature carbonaceous particles flow out from the furnace through the discharge pipe to the lower furnace fluidized material layer under the action of gravity, until they are discharged from the furnace body and indirectly cooled by the cooler and then collected;

[0031] Step 3: Large-sized particles and non-carbon impurities such as gangue that are not easy to fluidize enter the ash slag area, move through the slag lowering pipe into the ash slag area of ​​the next furnace, and finally discharge from the furnace body through the slag lowering pipe in the ash slag area of ​​the bottom furnace, and are indirectly cooled by the slag cooler before being collected;

[0032] Step 4: small carbonaceous particles and activated tail gas enter the cyclone separator to separate solids and gases, and the gases enter the subsequent treatment process; large solid carbonaceous particles are returned to the multi-chamber furnace through the steam return device for further fluidization activation, and the activated tail gas is indirectly cooled and then collected as powdered activated carbon through the bag filter;

[0033] Step five, a part of the activator gas is evenly added through the annular water vapor supply inlet on the furnace wall of each furnace, and the high-temperature mixed gas at the bottom enters the fluidized material layer in the bottom furnace of the multi-chamber furnace from the gas box through the connected wind hood. While serving as the gas fluidizing medium, the water vapor in the mixed gas also serves as a gas activator. The oxygen in the air supplied from the annular air supply inlet on the furnace wall reacts with the hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the upward activated tail gas to produce a gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction. The high-temperature gas rich in water vapor and carbon dioxide gas flows through the deflection wind hoods evenly arranged on the furnace bottom plate and penetrating the furnace bottom, and enters the upper fluidized material layer from the lower layer. While serving as the fluidizing medium for the upper furnace fluidized material layer, the high-temperature water vapor and the generated carbon dioxide serve as gas activators for the upper furnace fluidized material layer.

[0034] Furthermore, the activator gas is water vapor and carbon dioxide.

[0035] The ceramic materials applied to the various pipes of the present invention are suitable for gas and solid environments of activation reactions (high temperature of 850-950°C), and are resistant to water vapor corrosion and sulfur-hydrogen corrosion;

[0036] The high-temperature carbonaceous particles in the bottom furnace of the present invention are fluidized and activated, and while maintaining continuous fluidization and activation of the material, the upper furnace is continuously provided with a gas activator required for activation and an activated tail gas as energy; the carbonaceous semi-coke fine powder returned by the cyclone separator can also continuously provide high-temperature solid carbonaceous materials for returning to the furnace, which can better maintain the material temperature of the fluidized material layer in the furnace so that the activation reaction can proceed continuously and stably.

[0037] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0038] The present invention makes full use of the advantages of mass transfer and heat transfer of the circulating fluidized bed, and designs a multi-furnace circulating fluidized activation structure, so that the activation reaction of solid carbonaceous particles is uniform. The multi-furnace design reduces the mixing problem of carbonaceous solid particles in the fluidized bed reactor, and the relative residence time of the solid particles in the furnace is consistent. The residence time of each furnace can be adjusted and controlled by the flow rate according to the height and diameter of the discharge pipe of the furnace of this layer. The material temperature can be controlled, the output per unit volume is large, the activation efficiency is high, the utilization efficiency of the water vapor activator is high, energy saving and environmental protection are achieved, the prepared powdered and granular activated carbon has stable and uniform quality, the finished product conversion rate of fixed carbon in the carbonaceous semi-coke material is high, and granular and powdered carbonaceous raw materials can be used, so that the circulating fluidized bed has broad prospects in the field of preparing activated carbon from carbonaceous materials and thermal regeneration of waste activated carbon.

[0039] The present invention is designed with a carbonaceous particle circulating water vapor return device, which captures carbonaceous semi-coke particles with a particle size greater than 100 microns through a cyclone separator, enters the corresponding furnace for supplementary activation, and then some of them are discharged from the discharge pipe, and the remaining part is collected by a bag dust collector after the particle size becomes smaller and indirectly cooled with the high-temperature activated tail gas, thereby increasing the activated carbon yield of the carbonaceous raw materials and making the integrated furnace system more environmentally friendly and economical.

[0040] The physical method for preparing activated carbon by the multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace of the present invention fully utilizes the advantages of fast mass and heat transfer of the fluidized bed, while greatly reducing the mixing of carbonaceous solid particles, having a high utilization rate of the gas activator, a short activation time, a uniform reaction, energy saving, and an improved yield of activated carbon, and can prepare high-quality activated carbon.

[0041] The present invention can also simultaneously prepare activated carbon from two different carbonaceous raw materials. When thermally regenerating waste granular and powdered activated carbon, no external fuel gas is required, and the co-production of activated carbon preparation and activated carbon thermal regeneration can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0043] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with the technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size shall still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0044] Figure 1 A diagram of a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 An enlarged view of the baffle hood provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 A diagram of a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method provided in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 A diagram of a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method provided in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 A diagram of a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method provided in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 A diagram of a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method provided in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 A diagram of a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method provided in Example 6 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 A diagram of a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method provided in Example 7 of the present invention;

[0052] In the figure: 1- silo; 2- sealed screw conveyor; 3- spare silo; 4- spare sealed screw conveyor; 5- multi-chamber furnace; 51- working fluidized material layer; 52- ash and slag area; 53- furnace wall annular water vapor supply inlet; 54- furnace wall annular air supply inlet; 55- furnace bottom plate; 56- slag repose angle;

[0053] 6-discharging pipe; 7-cooling machine; 7-1 cooling machine; 8-gas machine box; 9-feeding pipe; 10-inlet of pneumatic conveying medium; 10-1-first inlet of pneumatic conveying medium; 10-2-second inlet of pneumatic conveying medium; 11-top gas mixer; 11-1-first mixer; 11-2-second mixer; 12-cyclone separator; 13-steam returner; 14-distributor; 15-jacketed wind cap; 16-slag pipe; 16-1-slag pipe of upper furnace; 16-2-slag pipe of main furnace;

[0054] 17-feeding pipe, 18-baffled air hood; 18-1-bottom gas air hood; 19-slag cooler; 19-1-slag outlet; 20-bottom gas mixer; 21-air preheater; 22-secondary air blower; 23-steam superheater; 24-bag dust collector; 25-blower; 26-incinerator; 27-Roots blower; 28-mixer preheater; 29-waste heat steam boiler; 30-induced draft fan; 30-1-first induced draft fan; 30-2-second induced draft fan; 31-gas cylinder; 32-economizer; 33-chimney; 34-high temperature and high pressure gas fan; 35-lower furnace silo; 36-lower furnace screw conveyor; 37-gas intercooler; 38-high pressure fan; 39-burner; 40-bellows; 41-gas machine box; 42-powder collection tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by specific embodiments. People familiar with the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device and method for preparing activated carbon by physical method:

[0058] The device is composed of three layers of furnace;

[0059] It includes a silo 1, a sealed screw conveyor 2, a feed pipe 9, a multi-chamber furnace 5, a discharge pipe 6, a cooler 7, a gas machine box 8, a pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10, a cyclone separator 12, a water vapor return device 13, a distributor 14, a top gas mixer 11, a jacketed hood 15, a slag lowering pipe 16, a material lowering pipe 17, a baffle hood 18, and a bottom gas hood 18-1; a slag cooler 19, and a bottom gas mixer 20;

[0060] The upper furnace layer slag pipe 16-1 and the furnace chamber slag pipe 16-2 are arranged on a circle in a top view, cross-evenly, and when four are provided in each layer, the four pipes form a square.

[0061] Each layer of the multi-hearth furnace is also provided with an ash and slag area 52 and a working fluidized material layer 51;

[0062] After the device is started, the material enters the distributor 14 from the silo 1 through the feed pipe 9 by the sealed screw conveyor 2; and then enters the first layer of the furnace; after the set residence time in the first layer of the furnace for fluidization activation, the high-temperature carbonaceous solid flows into the second layer of the furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 through the discharge pipe 17 for another deep fluidization activation. After the specific gravity becomes smaller, it flows downward through the discharge pipe 17 into the bottom layer of the furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 due to its own gravity to continue fluidization activation. After the set fluidization activation time is activated, it is discharged from the furnace through the discharge pipe 6 and indirectly cooled by the cooler 7 before being collected;

[0063] Large-size carbonaceous particles and gangue-like waste slag that is not easy to fluidize enter the ash slag area 52 of the first furnace, enter the ash slag area 52 of the second furnace through the lower slag pipe 16, and finally discharge from the bottom furnace ash slag area 52 to the outside of the furnace and enter the slag cooler 19 for indirect cooling and collection;

[0064] Small-sized carbonaceous solid particles and waste gas enter the cyclone separator 12, where solids and gases are separated, and the gases enter the subsequent treatment; the solids are returned to the multi-chamber circulation furnace again through the steam return device 13 for continued fluidization and activation; that is, the activated gas in the uppermost furnace and a part of the solid particles with small particle size enter the cyclone separator 12, and the carbonaceous solids after gas-solid separation are returned to the fluidized material layer of the first furnace for fluidization and activation; the gas is cooled by the heat exchange device, and the air and steam are preheated at the same time;

[0065] The bottom gas is mixed by the bottom gas mixer 20 and enters the gas box 8 and enters the bottom working condition fluidized material layer 51 of the multi-chamber furnace through the connected bottom gas hood 18-1. The water vapor gas activator follows the high-temperature air flow through the deflection hood 18 that penetrates the furnace bottom plate 55 and enters the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 from the lower furnace in turn.

[0066] The deflector hood 18 that passes through the furnace bottom plate 55 can prevent solids from returning to the lower furnace, ensuring that the high-temperature airflow passes evenly and upward through the working fluidized material layer 51; the lower slag pipes of adjacent furnace layers are evenly cross-arranged on the same circle when viewed from above, which is convenient for uniform and smooth slag discharge, and the lower slag pipe 16 is inserted from the bottom of the upper furnace downward into the slag in the ash and slag area of ​​the next furnace layer.

[0067] Furthermore, the device also includes a spare silo 3 and a spare sealed screw conveyor 4; before feeding, the material in the spare silo 3 enters the device through the spare sealed screw conveyor 4, and the device is started to enter a high-temperature fluidization state.

[0068] Furthermore, the device also includes an annular water vapor supply inlet 53 and an annular air supply inlet 54 on the furnace wall; water vapor is supplied as an activator gas to maintain the activator concentration in the upper furnace fluidized material layer, and oxygen in the supplied air reacts with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the activated tail gas moving upward to produce a gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction, providing gas sensible heat as energy for the activation endothermic reaction in the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 to maintain the activation reaction. At the same time, the high-temperature carbon dioxide gas generated also serves as an activator gas, and the high-temperature gas flow rich in water vapor and carbon dioxide gas passes through the deflection hood 18 penetrating the furnace bottom plate 55 and enters the upper working condition fluidized material layer 51 to undergo a fluidized activation endothermic reaction with solid carbonaceous particles.

[0069] Furthermore, in the device, in the same furnace, the lower end of the upper layer feed pipe 17 is located lower than the upper end of the feed pipe on the same layer.

[0070] Furthermore, in the device, the upper end of the slag lowering pipe 16 is flush with the bottom plate 55 of the furnace, and the lower end of the slag lowering pipe 16 is immersed in the slag area 52 of the next furnace layer; the upper end of the slag lowering pipe 16 is arranged according to the edge of the furnace wall where the air is discharged horizontally, forming a slag discharge repose angle 56, and the horizontal inclination angle is greater than 45 degrees; the number of slag pipes per layer exceeds 4, and they are evenly arranged around the circumference. In this way, the slag discharge blind area of ​​the slag area 52 is minimized, so that the slag can be discharged more smoothly when the furnace pressure fluctuates, and the slag discharge blind area of ​​the slag area is cleaned and repaired when the furnace is shut down.

[0071] Furthermore, in the device, the height of the distributor 14 should be below the fluidized material layer 51 of the first furnace working condition.

[0072] In this embodiment, the discharge pipes 17 (viewed from above) of adjacent furnaces are arranged crosswise on the same circumference to facilitate smooth discharge of materials until they are activated into qualified activated carbon products and discharged from the bottom furnace to the furnace body and indirectly cooled by the cooler 7 before being collected.

[0073] The discharge pipe 17, feed pipe 9, slag discharge pipe 16, jacketed wind hood 15, deflector wind hood 18, and bottom gas wind hood 18-1 required for each furnace of this embodiment are all made of high-temperature resistant alloy materials to provide mechanical properties, and are coated with high-temperature resistant / wear-resistant / corrosion-resistant ceramic materials inside and outside, and the expansion joints are filled with high-temperature resistant fibers so that these components can be used for a long time and stably.

[0074] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing activated carbon, the method comprising:

[0075] Step 1: before feeding, the material in the spare silo 3 enters the device through the spare sealed screw conveyor 4, and the device is started to enter the high-temperature fluidization state;

[0076] Step 2: After the device is started, the material enters the distributor 14 from the silo through the feed pipe 9 by the sealed screw conveyor 2; and then enters the first layer of the furnace; the air enters the first layer of the multi-hearth furnace through the top gas mixer 11 and the jacketed wind hood 15. The oxygen in the air reacts with the upward activated tail gas to produce a gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction, and the high-temperature flue gas quickly transfers heat to the carbonaceous solids. At the same time, the carbonaceous solids react with the upward high-temperature activator to produce an activation reaction; the carbonaceous particles are fluidized and activated in the first layer of the furnace after a set residence time. Under the action of the gravity of the carbonaceous solids, the high-temperature carbonaceous particles flow into the second furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 through the feed pipe 17 for another deep fluidization activation. As the activation reaction proceeds, the specific surface area of ​​the particles increases, the pore volume increases, and the specific gravity gradually decreases. Under the fluidization condition, the particles flow out from the furnace through the feed pipe 17 to the bottom furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 under the action of the gas fluidizing medium and gravity. After the fluidized material layer 51 at the bottom working condition is fluidized and activated for a set residence time, it is discharged from the bottom furnace and the furnace body is indirectly cooled by the cooler 7 and then collected;

[0077] Step 3: Large-sized carbonaceous solids and gangue and other waste slag that are not easy to fluidize enter the ash slag area 52, enter the ash slag area 52 of the second furnace through the lower slag pipe 16, and then enter the ash slag area 52 of the bottom furnace in turn, and are discharged from the furnace body through the lower slag pipe and enter the slag cooler 19 for cooling and collection;

[0078] Step 4: small-size carbonaceous particles and activated tail gas enter the cyclone separator 12 to separate solids and gases, and the gases enter the subsequent treatment; the solids return to the multi-chamber furnace through the return device 13 to continue fluidization activation;

[0079] Step five, the activator gas enters the bottom furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 of the multi-chamber furnace from the bottom through the gas box 8 through the connected bottom gas hood 18-1, and after the activation reaction, water vapor is added through the annular water vapor supply inlet 53 of the furnace wall, and then flows along with the high-temperature air flow through the deflection hood 18 that penetrates the furnace bottom plate 55 from the bottom furnace into the second furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51, and after the activation reaction with the carbonaceous solids in the second furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51, water vapor is evenly added again through the annular water vapor supply inlet 53 of the second furnace, and then enters the first furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 through the deflection hoods 18 that are evenly arranged through the furnace bottom plate 55 of the first furnace, and fluidizes and activates the carbonaceous solids in the first fluidized material layer.

[0080] like Figure 2 As shown in the enlarged view of the baffle hood 18, the high-temperature air flow rich in water vapor and carbon dioxide activator passes through the baffle hoods 18 evenly arranged at the bottom of the furnace and penetrates the furnace, and then evenly discharges horizontally into the working fluidized material layer 51.

[0081] Furthermore, the activator gas is water vapor and / or carbon dioxide.

[0082] The ceramic materials applied to the various pipes of the present invention are suitable for gas and solid environments of activation reactions (high temperature of 850-950° C.), and are resistant to water vapor corrosion and sulfur-hydrogen corrosion.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device and method for preparing activated carbon by physical method, the raw material is a single carbonaceous raw material and three furnace conditions:

[0085] include:

[0086] Silo 1; sealed screw conveyor 2; spare silo 3; spare sealed screw conveyor 4; multi-chamber furnace 5; discharge pipe 6; cooler 7; gas machine box 8; feed pipe 9; pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10; gas mixer 11; cyclone separator 12; return feeder 13; distributor 14; jacketed hood 15; slag discharge pipe 16; discharge pipe 17; baffle hood 18; bottom gas hood 18-1; slag cooler 19; mixer 20; air preheater 21; secondary air blower 22; steam superheater 23; bag filter 24; blower 25; incinerator 26; roots blower 27; mixer preheater 28; waste heat steam boiler 29; induced draft fan 30; gas cylinder 31; economizer 32; chimney 33;

[0087] The silo 1 is connected to the sealed screw conveyor 2, the outlet of the sealed screw conveyor 2 is connected to the feed pipe 9, the feed pipe 9 is connected to the jacketed tubular hood 15 assembly and the multi-chamber furnace 5, the jacketed tubular hood 15 is evenly inserted into the first-layer furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5, and the spare silo 3 is connected to the first-layer furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5 through the sealed screw conveyor 4; the discharge pipe 6 extends from the fluidized material layer of the multi-chamber furnace 5 and is connected to the cooler 7, the slag cooler 19 is connected to the multi-chamber furnace 5 to discharge the ash in the furnace, the gas machine box 8 is connected to the bottom gas hood 18-1 to enter the fluidized carbonaceous material layer 51 in the lower furnace of the multi-chamber furnace; the inlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the outlet of the activated tail gas of the first-layer furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5, the lower part of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the water vapor return device 13, the outlet of the return device 13 is connected to the first-layer furnace of the upper part of the multi-chamber furnace, the gas phase outlet of the cyclone separator 12 and One end of the air preheater 21 is connected; the other end of the air preheater 21 is connected to the steam superheater 23, and the side of the air preheater 21 is connected to the outlet of the secondary air blower 22; the other end of the steam superheater 23 is connected to the bag dust collector 24, and the outlet of the bag dust collector 24 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 30; the outlet of the induced draft fan 30 is connected to the inlet of the incinerator 26, and the inlet of the incinerator 26 is also connected to the outlet of the blower 25; the outlet of the incinerator 26 is connected to the inlet of the mixed gas preheater 28, the flue gas outlet of the mixed gas preheater 28 is connected to the inlet of the steam waste heat boiler 29, one side of the mixed gas preheater 28 is connected to the outlet of the Roots blower 27, and the other side is respectively connected to the steam outlet of the cylinder 31 and the inlet of the gas chassis 8; the outlet of the steam waste heat boiler 29 is connected to the inlet of the economizer 32, and the outlet of the economizer 32 is connected to the inlet of the chimney 33.

[0088] The device further comprises a slag discharge pipe 16 and a material discharge pipe 17, and the material discharge pipes of adjacent furnaces are arranged crosswise on the same circumference (in a top view).

[0089] After the equipment is started, the material enters the distributor 14 in the multi-chamber furnace 5 from the sealed screw conveyor 2 through the feed pipe 9 from the silo 1; after the solid is pneumatically conveyed into the fluidized material layer 51 in the uppermost furnace chamber, the oxygen in the air sent in by the jacketed tubular hood 15 reacts with the hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the upward activated gas to form a gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction, and the sensible heat of the high-temperature flue gas is quickly transferred to the carbonaceous solids through fluidization, so that the carbonaceous solids are quickly fluidized and pyrolyzed and activated with the upward high-temperature activator gas in the first-layer furnace. After the set residence time reaction, The high-temperature carbonaceous particles enter the next furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 through the discharge pipe 17, and are fluidized and activated for a certain period of time, and then discharged into the bottom furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 through the discharge pipe 17 of the next furnace. After the set fluidization activation time, the finished activated carbon is collected from the bottom discharge pipe 6 through the cooler 7 after indirect cooling; large-size carbonaceous particles that cannot be continuously fluidized and dense non-carbonaceous particles such as gangue gradually move to the bottom furnace ash area 52 and are discharged from the multi-chamber furnace by the slag cooler; the carbonaceous particles separated by the cyclone separator 12 are circulated back to the upper furnace of the multi-chamber furnace through the return pipe 13.

[0090] A part of the preheated air and steam is uniformly introduced from the bottom chassis 8 into the bottom furnace of the multi-chamber furnace through the connected bottom gas hood 18-1, and enters the working fluidized material layer 51, and enters the upper first-layer furnace from bottom to top in sequence through the baffle hood 18 that penetrates the furnace bottom plate 55; the other part is sent into the multi-chamber furnace from the pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10 and the top gas mixer 11; after fluidized pyrolysis and activation reaction, it is discharged from the activated gas outlet of the upper first-layer furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5, and after passing through the cyclone separator 12 to remove larger particles, it gradually exchanges heat with the air preheater 21 and the steam superheater 23 for cooling, and then enters the bag filter 24 to further collect fine powdered activated carbon; then it is sent into the incinerator 26 through the induced draft fan, the activated tail gas and air burn to release heat, and the high-temperature hot flue gas enters the mixed gas preheater 28, the steam waste heat boiler 29, and the economizer 32 for heat exchange in sequence to recover the heat of the high-temperature flue gas; the cooled flue gas is discharged through the chimney 33 after desulfurization and purification;

[0091] The solid ash in the reaction process gradually descends into the bottom furnace ash area 52 and is regularly discharged from the equipment by the slag cooler 19 through the slag outlet 19-1 to maintain the continuous fluidization activation of each furnace.

[0092] Furthermore, the device also includes a gas distribution cylinder 31 for delivering the saturated steam gas generated by the steam waste heat boiler to the mixed gas preheater 28, the steam superheater 23 and the pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10 respectively.

[0093] Furthermore, the device also includes a Roots blower 27, which continuously sends air to the mixed gas preheater 28 to mix with steam and preheat it, and then sends it to the bottom box 8 of the multi-chamber furnace through the connected bottom gas hood 18-1 to enter the fluidized material layer 51 in the bottom furnace working condition to undergo fluidized activation reaction with the carbonaceous particles.

[0094] Furthermore, the device also includes a secondary air blower 22, which continuously sends air to the air preheater 21 for preheating, and then sends it into the annular air supply port 54 on the wall of the multi-chamber furnace. The oxygen in the air reacts with the upward activated tail gas to produce a gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction, thereby providing the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 with gas sensible heat for activating the endothermic reaction.

[0095] Furthermore, the device also includes a blower 25 to continuously provide combustion-supporting air to the incinerator 26 .

[0096] Furthermore, the deflector caps evenly arranged throughout the furnace bottom plate 55 are specially designed structures, which can not only ensure uniform gas distribution, but also prevent solid particles from clogging the gas pipeline. Figure 2 shown.

[0097] The preparation method comprises:

[0098] Step 1: The material enters the feed pipe 9 from the silo 1 through the sealed screw conveyor 2, and the solid is pneumatically conveyed and evenly enters the working fluidized material layer 51 of the first furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5 through the distributor 14;

[0099] Step 2: After the material enters the uppermost furnace working fluidized material layer 51, the air enters the first furnace working fluidized material layer 51 of the multi-chamber furnace through the top gas mixer 11 and the jacketed wind hood 15. The oxygen in the air reacts with the upward activated tail gas to form a gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction to form high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas quickly transfers heat to the carbonaceous solid fluidization. At the same time, the carbonaceous solid particles react with the upward high-temperature activator to activate the reaction; in this furnace fluidized pyrolysis (after activation, the high-temperature carbonaceous particles enter the second furnace working fluidized material layer 51 through the discharge pipe 17). After a certain period of fluidization activation in the material layer 51, it is discharged into the fluidized material layer 51 in the bottom furnace through the discharge pipe 17. After the set residence time and fluidization activation, the finished activated carbon is collected from the discharge pipe 6 at the bottom after indirect cooling by the cooler 7; non-carbonaceous granular impurities and large particles that cannot be continuously fluidized fall into the ash slag area 52 at the bottom furnace in turn, and are discharged from the multi-chamber furnace through the slag discharge port 19-1 and collected by the slag cooler 19; the carbonaceous particles separated by the cyclone separator 12 are circulated back to the first furnace of the upper part of the multi-chamber furnace through the return pipe 13;

[0100] Step three, part of the preheated air and steam enters the bottom furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 from the bottom chassis 8 through the connected bottom gas hood 18-1, part is evenly supplemented from the bottom and the middle furnace wall annular tube, and the other part is sent from the pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10 and the gas mixer 11 to the first furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 of the multi-chamber furnace, after fluidized pyrolysis and activation reaction, it goes out of the first furnace exhaust gas outlet of the multi-chamber furnace 5, after passing through the cyclone separator 12 to remove larger particles, gradually heat exchange and cool down with the air preheater 21 and the steam superheater 23, and then enter the bag filter 24 to further collect fine powdered activated carbon; then it is sent to the incinerator 26 through the induced draft fan, the activated exhaust gas and air burn and release heat, and the high-temperature hot flue gas enters the mixed gas preheater 28, the steam waste heat boiler 29, and the economizer 32 for heat exchange in turn to recover the heat of the high-temperature flue gas; the cooled flue gas is desulfurized and purified and then discharged through the chimney 33.

[0101] A jacketed wind cap 15 is provided at the top to enter the fluidized material layer 51 of the top furnace working condition, and the horizontal air discharge can allow the carbonaceous material to be quickly pyrolyzed and pre-oxidized. The volatile matter in the carbonaceous material and the activated tail gas from the lower furnace react with oxygen to produce a gas / gas combustion reaction, releasing heat, and at the same time, a preliminary fluidization activation reaction is carried out;

[0102] The secondary hot air and preheated high-temperature steam from the two lower furnaces are uniformly supplied along the annular supply inlet of the furnace wall. The annular air supply inlet 54 of the furnace wall is at the bottom, and the annular steam supply inlet 53 is at the top. The oxygen in the hot air and the activated tail gas undergo a gas / gas homogeneous combustion reaction to release heat, providing high-temperature flue gas for the upper furnace and generating more gas activators. High-temperature steam can balance the flue gas temperature and ensure the water vapor concentration in the upper furnace, which is conducive to the stable activation of the endothermic reaction.

[0103] Activation reaction: C+H2O→CO+H2(endothermic); C+CO2→2CO(endothermic);

[0104] C+O2→CO2(exothermic); H2+1 / 2O2→H2O(exothermic); CO+1 / 2O2→CO2(exothermic);

[0105] The inlet of pneumatic conveying medium is high-temperature steam;

[0106] High-temperature steam not only serves as a partial activator but also as a pneumatic conveying medium. It can also preheat the incoming solid particles. It is highly efficient and energy-saving. It can also prevent the solid carbonaceous material from flash heating and bursting, reduce the loss of fixed carbon, and improve the yield of activated carbon.

[0107] Example 3

[0108] like Figure 4As shown, this embodiment is based on the embodiment 2, and a high-temperature and high-pressure gas blower 34 is added, and other equipment processes are also changed. It is a single carbonaceous raw material two-furnace working condition, which is as follows:

[0109] The silo 1 is connected to the sealed screw conveyor 2, the outlet of the sealed screw conveyor 2 is connected to the feed pipe 9, the feed pipe 9 and the jacketed tubular hood 15 assembly are connected to the multi-chamber furnace 5 through a flange, and the tubular hood 15 is inserted into the first working fluidized material layer 51 at the upper part of the multi-chamber furnace 5; the spare silo 3 is connected to the multi-chamber furnace 5 through the spare sealed screw conveyor 4; the discharge pipe 6 extends from the carbon layer of the multi-chamber furnace 5 and is connected to the cooler 7; the lower slag pipe is connected to the bottom of the multi-chamber furnace 5, and the pipeline of the slag outlet is connected to the slag cooler 19 to discharge the ash in the furnace; the inlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the outlet of the multi-chamber furnace 5, the lower part of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the return pipe 13, the gas phase outlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to one end of the air preheater 21, and the air preheater 21 The other end is connected to the steam preheater 23, the other end of the steam preheater 23 is connected to the incinerator 26, the outlet of the incinerator 26 is connected to the inlet of the mixer preheater 28, the outlet of the mixer preheater 28 is connected to the inlet of the waste heat steam boiler 29, the outlet of the waste heat steam boiler 29 is connected to the inlet of the economizer 32, the outlet of the economizer 32 is connected to the inlet of the bag dust collector 24, the outlet of the bag dust collector 24 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 30, and the outlet of the induced draft fan 30 is connected to the chimney 33; the inlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas fan 34 is connected to the gas phase outlet pipeline of the cyclone separator 12, and the outlet is connected to the pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10; the outlet of the Roots blower 27 is connected to the mixer preheater 28; the outlet of the secondary air blower 22 is connected to the air preheater 21.

[0110] The device further comprises a distributor 14 , a slag discharge pipe 16 and a material discharge pipe 17 .

[0111] The device also includes a spare silo 3 and a spare sealed screw conveyor 4, so as to start the furnace into a high-temperature fluidized working condition before entering the working condition and to stop the furnace for use;

[0112] method:

[0113] The single granular carbonaceous raw material is first stored in the silo 1, and then sent to the feed pipe 9 through the sealed screw conveyor 2, and sent to the distributor 14 under the action of the gas delivered by the pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10, and evenly falls into the fluidized material layer 51 of the upper furnace working condition of the multi-chamber furnace 5 under the action of the gas pressure and the solid's own gravity. The pneumatic conveying single uses high-temperature activated tail gas as the conveying medium, and the high-temperature activated tail gas is provided by the high-temperature and high-pressure coal gas 34 gas blower;

[0114] The lower furnace side wall of the circulating integrated furnace is provided with a furnace wall annular air supply inlet 54 for secondary air supply and an annular water vapor supply inlet 53 for uniformly supplying activator to the upper furnace fluidized material layer to maintain the concentration of activator in the activation reaction; the oxygen in the air and the upward activated tail gas produce gas / gas homogeneous reaction and release heat, and the formed high-temperature air flow passes through the baffle hood 18 penetrating the furnace bottom plate and enters the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 to provide energy for the fluidization activation endothermic reaction of the upper carbonaceous particles. The addition of preheated air can better control the material temperature of the carbonaceous solids in the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51; the lower part is provided with a mixed gas box 8 of high-temperature air and water vapor, and the air and steam mixed gas enters the working condition fluidized material layer 51 of the furnace at the bottom of the furnace through the bottom gas hood 18-1, and performs deep fluidization activation reaction with the high-temperature carbonaceous particles, and at the same time provides activator gas and activated tail gas for the activation reaction of the upper furnace as energy for the activation endothermic reaction of the carbonaceous solid particles in the upper working condition fluidized material layer 51;

[0115] The high-temperature secondary air from the secondary blower 22 is evenly supplied from the annular air supply inlet 54 on the furnace wall of the lower furnace of the integrated furnace, and the high-temperature water vapor is evenly supplied from the annular water vapor supply inlet 53 on the furnace wall. The oxygen in the air and the activated tail gas moving upward produce a gas / gas homogeneous reaction to release heat. The annular uniform arrangement can better control the material temperature of the carbonaceous solid in the fluidized material layer 51 of the upper furnace working condition; after the carbonaceous particles undergo fluidized pyrolysis / activation reaction in the fluidized material layer 51 of the upper furnace working condition, the ash and slag in the reaction process moves to the lower furnace ash and slag area 52 through the lower slag pipe, and then is discharged outside the two-chamber furnace and collected by the slag cooler 19;

[0116] As the reaction continues, the pore volume of the activated carbon gradually increases, the pore structure increases, and the specific surface area increases. Under the action of the gas fluidized medium, the activated carbon particles pass through the feed pipe 17 and enter the lower furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 for deep activation; the high-temperature gas preheated by the jacketed tubular hood 15 contacts the single granular carbonaceous raw material in the upper working condition fluidized material layer 51, and the oxygen therein reacts with the hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the upward activated tail gas to produce gas / gas combustion reaction to release heat, and the formed high-temperature flue gas quickly transfers heat to the carbonaceous particles entering the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 through fluidization, so that the carbonaceous raw material The solid particles heat up quickly, and also provide continuous high-temperature gas sensible heat for the activation endothermic reaction of the fluidized material layer 51 in the upper furnace chamber, so as to keep the activation going continuously and stably; the qualified activated carbon passes through the discharge pipe 6 and enters the cooler 7 for indirect cooling and collection, and is stored as a product; after the circulating fluidized activation reaction, the slightly larger powdery carbonaceous particles are separated by gas and solid in the cyclone separator 12, and then enter the return pipe 13 and are sent back to the fluidized material layer 51 in the upper furnace chamber of the multi-chamber furnace for fluidized activation; a small number of fine particles are collected as dust in the bag filter 24 after being processed with the gas in the subsequent process.

[0117] After the air from the secondary air blower 22 is heated by the air preheater 21, a part of it enters the lower furnace, and the other part enters the gas mixer 11; the air from the Roots blower 27 enters the mixed gas preheater 28 and is mixed and preheated with the steam from the gas sub-cylinder 31, and then is sent to the bottom gas box 8 of the multi-chamber furnace, and enters the working fluidized material layer 51 of the lower furnace of the multi-chamber furnace through the connected bottom gas hood 18-1 to undergo fluidized activation reaction; the air from the blower 25 enters the incinerator 26 as combustion-supporting air; the high-temperature and high-pressure gas blower 34 sends the activated tail gas to the pneumatic conveying unit 10 to be used as a gas conveying medium; the steam from the gas sub-cylinder 31 is preheated by the steam preheater 23, and a part of it is sent to the annular water vapor replenishing inlet 53 of the furnace wall of the lower furnace, and the other part is sent to the gas mixer 11;

[0118] The mixture of high-temperature preheated air and water vapor introduced into the bottom furnace of the circulating integrated furnace serves as a fluidizing medium, so that the carbonaceous solid particles in the furnace enter a fluidized state. A small amount of oxygen in the air reacts rapidly with the carbonaceous raw material to release heat, providing reaction energy for the deep activation endothermic reaction. At the same time, the activated exhaust gas and the oxygen in the secondary air produce a gas / gas homogeneous reaction to release heat, keeping the temperature stable and uniform. Then the high-temperature airflow rises through the deflection hood 18 that runs through the furnace and enters the upper furnace working fluidized material layer 51. On the one hand, it serves as a fluidizing medium for the carbonaceous solid particles in the upper furnace working fluidized material layer 51, and at the same time, the sensible heat of the high-temperature flue gas is provided to the upper working condition fluidized material layer 51 as the heat for the fluidization activation endothermic reaction, thereby maintaining the continuous fluidization activation in the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51. In the preliminary activation zone of the upper furnace, high-temperature air and the upward-moving activated tail gas are uniformly input from the jacketed tubular hood 15 to generate a gas / gas homogeneous combustion exothermic reaction. Since the activation reaction is an endothermic reaction, the gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction generated by the oxygen in the input air and the combustible gas in the activated tail gas continuously provides energy for the rapid fluidization activation reaction of the carbonaceous particles in the fluidized material layer 51 of the upper furnace working condition:

[0119] The activated tail gas generated in the circulating multi-chamber integrated furnace carries a small amount of fine carbon particles and first enters the cyclone separator 12. After gas-solid separation, the larger carbonaceous solid particles are returned to the upper furnace working fluidized material layer 51 through the return feeder 13. The tail gas enters the air preheater 21, exchanges heat with the air and cools down, then enters the steam preheater 23 for further heat exchange and cooling, and then enters the incinerator 26 for combustion and heat release to form high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas enters the steam waste heat boiler 29 and exchanges heat with water for cooling, while generating high-pressure saturated steam. The cooled flue gas enters the economizer 32, and after further cooling, enters the bag filter 24 to remove dust and remove solid dust formed by the incineration of small particles of carbon. Then, under the action of the induced draft fan 30, the flue gas is desulfurized and purified by the desulfurization system and then discharged to the chimney 33.

[0120] Since two furnaces are used in this embodiment, it is suitable for single carbon raw material working conditions. The transport medium can be activated tail gas or water vapor. The carbon raw material is rapidly fluidized, pyrolyzed and activated in the upper furnace. For single carbonaceous granular raw materials with good reaction activity, the activation time is short, easy to operate, can be mass-produced, with large production capacity, low production and operation costs, and good economy.

[0121] Example 4

[0122] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment is a three-furnace activation co-production condition of two different carbonaceous raw materials. On the basis of Example 2, a feeding system is added to the lower furnace, which can realize the co-production of activated carbon for carbonaceous raw materials with different components:

[0123] Compared with Example 2, a lower furnace silo 35, a lower furnace screw conveyor 36, and a second cooler 7-1 are added, and the bag filter 24 is moved forward and placed after the steam preheater 23 and before the incinerator 26.

[0124] The lower furnace bin 35 is connected to the lower furnace sealed screw conveyor 36, and the lower furnace sealed screw conveyor 36 is connected to the side wall of the lower furnace of the multi-chamber furnace, and the rest is the same as in Implementation Example 2;

[0125] The gas outlet of the multi-chamber furnace 5 is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator 12, the lower part of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the return feeder 13, the gas phase outlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to one end of the air preheater 21, and the gas phase outlet pipeline of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the inlet of a spare high-temperature and high-pressure gas blower 34 (spare); the other end of the air preheater 21 is connected to the steam superheater 23, and the outlet of the secondary blower 22 is connected to one side of the air preheater 21; the other end of the steam superheater 23 is connected to the inlet of the bag dust collector 24, and the bag dust collector The outlet of the induced draft fan 30 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 30, the outlet of the induced draft fan 30 is connected to the inlet of the incinerator 26, the outlet of the incinerator 26 is connected to the inlet of the mixing heat exchanger 28, the outlet of the mixed gas heat exchanger 28 is connected to the inlet of the steam waste heat boiler 29, and one side of the mixing heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the Roots blower 27; the outlet of the steam waste heat boiler 29 is connected to the inlet of the economizer 32, the steam outlet of the steam waste heat boiler 29 is connected to the gas distribution cylinder 31, and the outlet of the economizer 32 is connected to the lower part of the chimney 33, so that the qualified flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere.

[0126] The equipment principle and process are as follows: one type of carbonaceous raw material a is first stored in a silo 1, and then sent to a feed pipe 9 through a sealed screw conveyor 2, and then sent to an upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 under the action of a gas medium in a pneumatic conveying device 10; another type of carbonaceous raw material b is stored in a lower furnace silo 35, and then sent to a lower furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 through a sealed screw conveyor 36 in the lower furnace; the air from the secondary blower 22 is preheated in an air preheater 21 and then enters a gas mixer 11 and a middle furnace 12 respectively. The annular air supply inlet 54 of the furnace wall of the furnace and the lower furnace, the oxygen in the air and the hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the activated tail gas react in a gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction, and the sensible heat of the high-temperature gas formed provides energy for activating the endothermic reaction of the carbonaceous particles in the fluidized material layer 51 of the upper furnace and the middle furnace working condition, the ash in the reaction moves from the upper furnace ash slag area 52 to the middle furnace ash slag area 52 through the lower slag pipe 16, and moves from the middle furnace ash slag area 52 to the bottom furnace ash slag area 52 through the lower slag pipe 16, and then is discharged from the multi-hearth furnace through the slag pipe and collected by the slag cooler 19.

[0127] ; As the reaction continues, the solid carbonaceous a particles flow from the upper furnace into the fluidized material layer 51 in the middle furnace through the discharge pipe 17 under the action of the gas fluidizing medium, and then undergo deep activation; the qualified activated carbon particles in the middle furnace pass through the discharge pipe 6 and directly enter the second cooler 7-1 to be collected and stored as products; the powdered activated carbon with slightly larger particles carried by the activated exhaust gas is separated by the cyclone separator 12 and returned to the upper furnace through the return pipe 13; the fine powdered activated carbon is collected in the bag filter 24.

[0128] The air generated by the Roots blower 27 and the steam generated by the gas distribution cylinder 31 are mixed, preheated in the mixer preheater 28, enter the gas machine box 8, and enter the lower furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 through the connected bottom gas hood 18-1 to participate in the fluidization activation reaction with the carbonaceous b raw material. The activated carbon made of the carbonaceous b raw material that has passed the bottom furnace activation is discharged from the multi-hearth furnace through the discharge pipe 6 of the bottom furnace and collected by the cooler 7; a stream of steam from the gas distribution cylinder 31 is overheated in the steam preheater 23 and then divided into three streams, which are respectively sent to the gas mixer 11, the middle furnace, and the annular water vapor replenishing inlet 53 of the furnace wall of the lower furnace to supplement the gas activator for the carbonaceous a raw material in the upper furnace and the middle furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51;

[0129] The activated exhaust gas generated in the multi-chamber furnace carries a small amount of fine carbon particles and first enters the cyclone separator 12. The carbonaceous raw materials with larger particle size separated from the gas and solid are returned to the fluidized material layer 51 in the upper furnace through the return device 13 to continue fluidization and activation. The exhaust gas enters the air preheater 21, cools down after heat exchange with the air 21, and then enters the steam superheater 23 for further heat exchange and cooling, and then enters the bag filter 24 to collect powdered activated carbon. Then, under the action of the induced draft fan 30, after passing through the incinerator 26, the hot flue gas after combustion enters the mixed gas heat exchanger 28, enters the steam waste heat boiler 29 after preliminary cooling, and then enters the economizer 32. After the cooled flue gas is purified and qualified, it goes to the chimney 33 and is discharged to the atmosphere.

[0130] This embodiment is suitable for the co-production condition of activating two different carbonaceous raw materials. The lower furnace and the middle and upper furnaces produce activated carbon prepared from two carbonaceous raw materials. The lower furnace independently performs pyrolysis activation to produce one type of activated carbon, and at the same time provides fluidizing medium, energy for activating endothermic reactions, and high-temperature activating agents for the middle and upper furnaces, thereby realizing the co-production of activated carbon from two different carbonaceous raw materials with high efficiency, flexible adjustment, and low energy consumption.

[0131] Example 5

[0132] like Figure 6 This embodiment provides a working condition suitable for thermal regeneration of granular and powdered waste activated carbon and co-production of granular activated carbon based on embodiment 4. The burner of the incinerator adopts low-nitrogen combustion technology, granular carbonaceous semi-coke raw materials are added to the bottom furnace to prepare activated carbon, and the upper and middle furnaces are used for thermal regeneration of waste activated carbon:

[0133] Specifically: high-temperature and high-pressure gas fan 34; lower furnace bin 35; lower furnace screw conveyor 36; gas intercooler 37; high-pressure gas fan 38; second cooler 7-1

[0134] The silo 1 is connected to the sealed screw conveyor 2, and the outlet of the sealed screw conveyor 2 is connected to the feed pipe 9; the spare silo 3 is connected to the upper furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5 through the spare sealed screw conveyor 4, and the lower furnace silo 35 is connected to the lower furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5 through the lower furnace sealed screw conveyor 36; the inlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the outlet of the activated tail gas of the upper furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5, the gas phase outlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the inlet of the air preheater 21, the lower part of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the water vapor return device 13, the outlet of the return device 13 is connected to the furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5, and a high-temperature and high-pressure gas blower 34 is installed on the gas phase outlet pipeline of the cyclone separator 12; the outlet of the air preheater 21 is connected to the inlet of the steam superheater 23, and the side of the air preheater 21 is connected to the outlet of the air blower 22; the outlet of the steam superheater 23 is connected to the bag dust collector The inlet of the bag filter 24 is connected, the outlet of the bag filter 24 is connected to the inlet of the first induced draft fan 30-1, the outlet of the first induced draft fan 30-1 is connected to the inlet of the gas intercooler 37, the outlet of the gas intercooler 37 is connected to the inlet of the incinerator 26, and one side of the gas intercooler 37 is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure gas fan 38; the inlet of the incinerator 26 is also connected to the outlet of the blower 25, and the outlet of the incinerator 26 is connected to the inlet of the mixed gas preheater 28; the outlet of the mixed gas preheater 28 is connected to the steam waste heat boiler 29, and the outlet of the mixed gas preheater 28 is connected to the outlet of the Roots blower 27 and the steam outlet of the gas cylinder 31; the other end of the steam waste heat boiler 29 is connected to the inlet of the economizer 32; the outlet of the economizer 32 is connected to the inlet of the second induced draft fan 30-2, and the outlet of the second induced draft fan 30-2 is connected to the chimney 33, and the flue gas is discharged after desulfurization and purification.

[0135] The equipment principle and process are as follows: the waste activated carbon is first stored in the silo 1, and then sent to the feed pipe 9 through the sealed screw conveyor 2. Under the action of the gas medium of the pneumatic conveying unit 10 and the gravity of the solid itself, it evenly falls into the working fluidized material layer 51 of the multi-chamber furnace 5. The high-temperature carbon particles after preliminary activation enter the working fluidized material layer 51 of the middle furnace through the discharge pipe 17 of the first-layer furnace, and undergo deep activation reaction with the hot flue gas and water vapor from the lower furnace. The ash enters the middle furnace ash zone 52 through the slag lowering pipe 16 from the upper furnace ash zone 52, and then enters the bottom furnace ash zone 52 through the middle furnace ash lowering pipe 16 again, and is discharged from the bottom ash zone 52 to the outside of the multi-chamber furnace and collected by the slag cooler 19; after the waste activated carbon particles are qualified in the deep activation and regeneration of the middle furnace, they are It is discharged from the multi-chamber furnace through the discharge port 6 and collected and stored by the second cooler 7-1; the semi-coke is first stored in the lower silo 35, and is sent to the fluidized material layer 51 in the lower furnace working condition through the lower sealed screw conveyor 36. The mixed gas from the mixed gas preheater 28 enters the lower chassis 8, and then enters the fluidized material layer 51 in the lower furnace working condition through the connected bottom gas hood 18-1, and undergoes fluidization activation reaction with the semi-coke. At the same time, activated tail gas is provided to the fluidized material layer 51 in the middle furnace and upper furnace working conditions as heat for thermal regeneration of waste activated carbon and a high-temperature activating agent. The qualified activated granular activated carbon is sent out of the lower furnace of the multi-chamber furnace through the discharge pipe 6 and is collected and stored by the cooler 7. The qualified powdered activated carbon that is thermally regenerated is collected through the cyclone separator and then through the bag dust collector 24 along with the gas flow.

[0136] The subsequent process settings of Example 5 are basically the same as those of the previous examples. Compared with the traditional activation process, Example 5 has no particle size requirements for waste activated carbon. Both granular waste activated carbon and powdered waste activated carbon can be thermally regenerated and co-produced with activated carbon preparation at the same time; the activated carbon of the present invention does not require additional consumption of fuel gas during thermal regeneration, which is an energy-saving technology and method; the burner of the incinerator adopts low-nitrogen combustion technology, which has low pollution and is environmentally friendly; the lower furnace can use granular carbonaceous semi-coke raw materials to prepare activated carbon, and realize the co-production of activated carbon preparation and thermal regeneration of waste activated carbon, which is a technology and method with multiple uses of one furnace, flexible operation, good economy and environmental friendliness.

[0137] Example 6

[0138] like Figure 7 As shown, on the basis of Example 2, this embodiment adds burners, which are evenly arranged in a ring shape on the side wall of the lower furnace. The lower furnace does not feed material and is only used as a high-temperature gas mixing chamber to provide high-temperature hot flue gas and high-temperature activating agent for the fluidized material layers in the middle and upper furnaces; a coal gas intercooler is added; the incinerator, steam superheater, etc. are removed; and the equipment process combination is also partially changed, as follows:

[0139] It includes: a silo 1; a sealed screw conveyor 2; a spare silo 3; a spare sealed screw conveyor 4; a multi-chamber furnace 5; a discharge pipe 6; a cooler 7; a gas chassis 8; a feed pipe 9; a pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10; a cyclone separator 12; a water vapor return device 13; a distributor 14; a jacketed hood 15; a slag discharge pipe 16; a feed discharge pipe 17; a baffle hood 18; a bottom gas hood 18-1; a slag cooler 19; a mixer 20; an air preheater 21; a Roots blower 27; a waste heat steam boiler 29; an induced draft fan 30; a gas distribution cylinder 31; a coal gas intercooler 37; a coal gas high-pressure blower 38; and burners 39 evenly arranged in the bottom furnace.

[0140] The silo 1 is connected to the sealed screw conveyor 2, the outlet of the sealed screw conveyor 2 is connected to the feed pipe 9, the feed pipe 9 is connected to the jacketed tubular hood 15 assembly and the multi-chamber furnace 5, and the tubular hood 15 is inserted into the fluidized material layer 51 of the first layer of the multi-chamber furnace 5; the spare silo 3 is connected to the upper furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5 through the sealed screw conveyor 4; the discharge pipe 6 passes through the high-temperature gas mixing chamber of the bottom furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5 and is connected to the cooler 7; the lower slag pipe 16 of the middle furnace passes through the high-temperature gas mixing chamber of the bottom furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5 and is connected to the slag cooler 19 through a pipeline, and the ash in the furnace is collected after being cooled by the slag cooler 19;

[0141] The inlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the outlet of the activated tail gas of the multi-chamber furnace 5, the lower part of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the water vapor return feeder 13, and the outlet of the return feeder 13 is connected to the upper furnace of the multi-chamber furnace; the gas phase outlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the inlet of the air preheater 21, the outlet of the air preheater 21 is connected to the inlet of the waste heat steam boiler 29, and one side of the air preheater 21 is connected to the outlet of the Roots blower 27; the outlet of the waste heat steam boiler 29 is connected to the inlet of the bag dust collector 24, and the outlet of the steam preheater 21 is connected to the outlet of the Roots blower 27. One side of the steam waste heat boiler 29 is connected to the inlet of the gas cylinder 31; the outlet of the bag filter 24 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 30, and the outlet of the induced draft fan 30 is connected to the inlet of the gas intercooler 37; the outlet of the gas intercooler 37 is connected to the inlet of the gas high-pressure fan 38, and the outlet of the gas intercooler 37 is connected to the main line of the activated tail gas transportation system; the outlet of the gas high-pressure fan 38 is connected to the inlet of the burner 39, and the high-temperature flue gas outlet of the burner 39 evenly arranged in an annular shape is connected to the side wall of the lower furnace of the multi-chamber furnace.

[0142] The device further comprises a distributor 14 , a slag discharge pipe 16 and a material discharge pipe 17 .

[0143] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that a three-furnace structure is adopted, and the lower furnace does not take in carbonaceous raw materials, but only serves as a high-temperature gas mixing chamber. The self-produced activated exhaust gas is matched with preheated air and sent into the burners evenly installed in an annular direction for combustion to form high-temperature flue gas, which is sent into the lower furnace - the high-temperature flue gas mixing chamber in the form of high-temperature flue gas, and then mixed with the high-temperature water vapor from the bottom chassis to form a high-temperature mixed gas. While the mixed gas serves as a gas fluidizing medium, the gas sensible heat of the high-temperature flue gas is the heat for the fluidization activation endothermic reaction of the carbonaceous raw materials in the fluidized material layers in the middle and upper furnaces, and also provides high-temperature carbon dioxide and high-temperature water vapor as gas activators for the carbonaceous raw materials in the fluidized material layers in the upper and middle furnaces.

[0144] Since three furnaces are used in this embodiment, the bottom furnace serves as a mixing chamber for the high-temperature mixed gas, and the carbonaceous raw materials in the fluidized material layers of the two upper furnaces can form a stable fluidized state, and can stably carry out fluidized pyrolysis and activation reactions step by step. The reaction is uniform and sufficient, and at the same time, the mixing of carbonaceous solid particles is reduced, and the ineffective burning of fixed carbon is avoided, the yield of fixed carbon is increased, and the utilization efficiency of the activator is improved. The production capacity is large, the production cost is low, the economy is good, and the product quality is stable and good.

[0145] Example 7

[0146] like Figure 8 As shown, based on Example 6, this embodiment removes the middle furnace and adopts a two-furnace form; cancels the mixed gas bottom chassis and adds a gas chassis; the lower furnace is still a high-temperature gas mixing chamber, with only an activation furnace at the top; cancels the return pipe and adds a powdered activated carbon collection tank, as follows:

[0147] It includes a silo 1; a sealed screw conveyor 2; a spare silo 3; a spare sealed screw conveyor 4; a multi-chamber furnace 5; a discharge pipe 6; a cooler 7; a feed pipe 9; a first pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10-1; a second pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10-2; a first mixer 11-1; a second mixer 11-2; a cyclone separator 12; a distributor 14; a jacketed wind hood 15; a baffle wind hood 18; a slag cooler 19; an air preheater 21; a secondary air blower 22; a Roots blower 27; a waste heat steam boiler 29; an induced draft fan 30; a gas cylinder 31; a high-temperature and high-pressure gas fan 34; a gas intercooler 37; a high-pressure gas fan 38; a burner 39; a bellows 40; a gas machine box 41; and a powder collection tank 42.

[0148] The silo 1 is connected to the sealed screw conveyor 2, the outlet of the sealed screw conveyor 2 is connected to the feed pipe 9, the feed pipe 9 is connected to the jacketed tubular hood 15 assembly and the multi-chamber furnace 5, and the tubular hood 15 is inserted into the fluidized material layer 51 of the upper furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5; the spare silo 3 is connected to the upper furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5 through the sealed screw conveyor 4; the discharge pipe 6 penetrates the furnace of the high-temperature gas mixing chamber at the bottom of the multi-chamber furnace 5, extends out of the furnace and is connected to the cooler 7; the lower slag pipe 16 is connected to the ash and slag area 52 at the bottom of the upper furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5, and the pipeline of the slag outlet penetrates the bottom high-temperature gas mixing chamber and is connected to the slag cooler 19 to discharge the slag in the furnace;

[0149] The inlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the outlet of the activated tail gas of the multi-chamber furnace 5, and the lower part of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the powder collection tank 42; the gas phase outlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the inlet of the air preheater 21, and the upper pipeline is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas fan 34, and the outlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas fan 34 is connected to the second pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10-2; the outlet of the air preheater 21 is connected to the inlet of the steam waste heat boiler 29, one side of the air preheater 21 is connected to the outlet of the secondary air blower 22, and the other side is respectively connected to the first mixer 11-1 and the second mixer 11-2; the outlet of the steam waste heat boiler 29 is connected to the inlet of the bag dust collector 24, and one side of the steam waste heat boiler 29 is connected to the inlet of the gas cylinder 31 The outlet of the gas cylinder 31 is connected to the second conveying medium inlet 10-2, the first mixer 11-1 and the second mixer 11-2 respectively; the outlet of the bag filter 24 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 30, and the outlet of the induced draft fan 30 is connected to the inlet of the gas intercooler 37; the outlet of the gas intercooler 37 is connected to the inlet of the gas high-pressure fan 38, and the main outlet line of the gas intercooler 37 sends the activated tail gas out of the system; the outlet of the gas high-pressure fan 38 is connected to one side of the gas box 41, and many outlets are divided on the other side of the gas box 41, which are respectively connected to the inlet of each burner 39, and the Roots blower 27 is respectively connected to the inlet of each burner 39 through the wind box, and the flue gas outlet of the burner 39 is evenly connected to the side wall of the lower furnace of the multi-chamber furnace in a circumferential direction.

[0150] The present embodiment adopts a two-furnace structure, using high-pressure coal gas and water vapor as the transmission medium respectively; the mixer uses two groups of high-temperature water vapor and air mixed gases to be uniformly injected into the fluidized carbonaceous material layer 51 through the jacketed tubular wind hood 15, thereby improving the efficiency of fluidized pyrolysis and activation in the upper furnace and facilitating the stable progress of the activation reaction; the bottom chassis is eliminated, and the flue gas enters the high-temperature mixing chamber from the annularly evenly distributed burners, providing sufficient heat and fluidized activation medium for the upper furnace. In order to stabilize the combustion of the burners and form stable high-temperature flue gas, the fuel gas system adopts the form of a gas chassis and the air system adopts the form of a bellows.

[0151] The fuel gas is preferably self-produced activated exhaust gas or externally supplied fuel gas. The Roots blower distributes the air to each burner through the bellows. The air and the high-temperature activated exhaust gas undergo an exothermic combustion reaction through the burner to generate high-temperature combustion flue gas, which enters the working fluidized material layer 51 evenly from the lower furnace through the deflector hood 18 that passes through the upper furnace. On the one hand, it serves as a gas fluidizing medium for the carbonaceous raw material, and on the other hand, it provides heat and activating agent for the fluidized pyrolysis and activated endothermic reaction of the carbonaceous raw material.

[0152] This embodiment uses a two-furnace design to generate high-temperature flue gas in the bottom furnace, providing high-temperature gas fluidizing medium and energy for the upper furnace, so that the upper furnace can continuously and stably perform fluidized pyrolysis and activation. It has a simple structure, reduces the ineffective burning loss of fixed carbon, has good economy, and has a large output per unit volume.

[0153] Although the present invention has been described in detail above by general description and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made to the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by physical method, characterized in that: The device comprises: Sealed screw conveyor, feed pipe, baffled hood, pneumatic conveying medium inlet, distributor, feed pipe, discharge pipe, cooler, top gas mixer, cyclone separator, return feeder, slag pipe, gas box, bottom gas hood, slag cooler; The material enters the distributor through the feed pipe from the sealed screw conveyor; enters the first layer of the furnace for preliminary fluidization activation; after the set residence time for fluidization activation, the high-temperature carbonaceous solid enters the next layer of the furnace through the discharge pipe that runs through the furnace for deep fluidization activation, and finally the qualified high-temperature activated carbon particles are discharged from the furnace through the discharge pipe and enter the cooler for indirect cooling and collection; The bottom high-temperature mixed gas enters the bottom furnace working fluidized material layer of the multi-chamber furnace from the gas box through the bottom gas hood, serving as a gas fluidizing medium, and high-temperature water vapor as a gas activator; The waste slag moves through the slag pipe that penetrates the furnace bottom plate into the slag area of ​​the next furnace layer until it is discharged from the bottom furnace slag area and collected by the slag cooler. The activated tail gas enters the cyclone separator from the upper furnace to separate the carbonaceous solids and gases, and the gases enter the subsequent treatment; the solids return to the top layer of the multi-chamber furnace through the return feeder to continue fluidized activation; Each furnace of the multi-chamber furnace is also provided with an ash slag area and a working condition fluidized material layer; the ash slag areas of each furnace are connected by a slag discharge pipe that penetrates the furnace bottom plate, and the waste slag moves downward from the ash slag area of ​​the upper furnace through the lower slag pipe into the ash slag area of ​​the next furnace under the action of its own gravity, until it moves out of the furnace body from the bottom and is collected by a slag cooler; the working condition fluidized material layer is a fluidized activation layer of carbonaceous particles, and the carbonaceous particles are fluidized and activated in the upper first furnace for a set residence time, and then flow downward through the lower material pipe into the fluidized material layer of the next furnace for fluidization and activation again, until they are discharged from the set furnace material layer through the discharge pipe and discharged from the furnace body, and then indirectly cooled by the cooler for granular activated carbon collection; The device also includes a baffle hood penetrating the furnace bottom plate and a jacketed tube hood inserted from the furnace top into the first furnace fluidized material layer; the jacketed tube hood provides air for the first furnace fluidization activation uniformly; the high-temperature gas flow between each layer of the furnace is passed through the baffle hood from the bottom furnace in turn into the upper layer of carbonaceous particulate solid fluidized material layer, and after passing through the material layer, it enters the furnace fluidized material layer again through the baffle hood of the upper furnace until it is discharged from the uppermost furnace.

2. According to the multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by physical method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: The device also includes a spare silo and a spare sealed screw conveyor; before feeding, the carbonaceous material in the spare silo enters the device through the spare sealed screw conveyor, and the device is started to enter the fluidized material layer under high-temperature working conditions.

3. According to claim 2, a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by physical method, characterized in that: The device also includes a furnace wall annular steam replenishment inlet and a furnace wall annular air replenishment inlet; the furnace wall annular steam replenishment inlet evenly replenishes water vapor; the furnace wall annular air replenishment inlet evenly replenishes air.

4. According to claim 3, a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by physical method, characterized in that: In the device, in the same furnace layer, the lower end of the material discharge pipe of the upper furnace layer is lower than the upper end of the material discharge pipe of the same furnace layer.

5. According to claim 4, a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by physical method, characterized in that: In the device, the upper end of the slag lowering pipe of each layer of the furnace is level with the bottom of the furnace, and the lower end of the slag lowering pipe is immersed in the ash and slag area of ​​the next layer of the furnace; the arrangement of the slag area height is based on the slag repose angle formed by the edge of the furnace wall where the deflector hood discharges horizontal air and the bottom slag outlet, and the horizontal inclination angle is greater than 45 degrees; in order to smoothly discharge and discharge slag, the number of slag lowering pipes on each layer exceeds 4, which are evenly arranged around the circumference, and more than 2 discharge pipes on each layer are evenly arranged.

6. The multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by physical method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the device, the distributor should be below the first layer of the furnace working condition fluidized material layer; the bottom outlet of the upper discharge pipe is immersed in the next layer of working condition fluidized material layer, and the horizontal height is lower than the discharge height of the furnace discharge pipe.

7. A method for preparing activated carbon by physical method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Step 1: before feeding, the material in the spare silo enters the device through the spare sealed screw conveyor, and the device is started to enter the high-temperature working condition fluidized material layer; Step 2, after the device is started, the material enters the distributor from the silo through the feed pipe by a sealed screw conveyor; then it evenly enters the first furnace; under the action of gas pressure and the solid's own gravity, it evenly falls into the fluidized material layer of the first furnace working condition of the multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace; after fluidized activation from the first furnace for a set residence time, the high-temperature carbonaceous particles flow through the discharge pipe into the fluidized material layer of the next furnace working condition for another deep fluidization activation; as the activation reaction continues, the specific surface area of ​​the particles increases, the pore volume increases, and the specific gravity gradually decreases. Under fluidized conditions, the high-temperature carbonaceous particles flow out from the furnace through the discharge pipe to the lower furnace material layer one by one under the action of the gas fluidized medium and gravity, until they are discharged from the integrated furnace body through the discharge pipe to the outside of the furnace and indirectly cooled and collected by the cooler; Step 3: The solid waste slag that cannot be fluidized enters the ash slag area, and enters the ash slag area of ​​the next furnace through the lower slag pipe, until it is discharged from the furnace through the lower slag pipe and collected by the slag cooler; Step 4: small-size carbonaceous solid particles and activated tail gas enter the cyclone separator to separate solids and gases, and the gases enter the subsequent treatment; the solids return to the multi-chamber furnace through the steam return device to continue fluidized activation, and the powdered activated carbon that is qualified and has a smaller particle size is indirectly cooled with the high-temperature airflow and collected by the bag filter; Step five, the high-temperature mixed gas at the bottom enters the fluidized material layer of the bottom furnace of the multi-chamber furnace from the gas box through the bottom gas hood. While serving as the fluidized medium, water vapor participates in the fluidization activation reaction as an activator. The water vapor that has not been completely decomposed also provides high-temperature activator gas for the upper furnace. Water vapor and air are evenly added through the annular water vapor supply inlet and the annular air supply inlet of the furnace wall. The addition of water vapor maintains the concentration of the water vapor activator in the upper furnace. The oxygen in the added air reacts with the upward activated gas to produce a gas / gas exothermic reaction to form a high-temperature gas flow rich in water vapor and carbon dioxide. The high-temperature gas flow passes through the baffle hood that passes through the bottom plate of the furnace and enters the upper fluidized material layer from the lower layer, providing gas sensible heat and activator gas for the upper fluidized activation material layer, maintaining the continuous and stable activation endothermic reaction, until the high-temperature gas flow enters the cyclone separator from the upper furnace and is discharged into the subsequent treatment process.

8. The method for preparing activated carbon by physical method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The activator gases are water vapor and carbon dioxide.

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