A closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental device and method to solve the problem that the existing technology cannot provide reliable thermal hydraulic experimental data for the design of gas direct cooling reactor system. Specifically, it includes an experimental component, a preheating component, a boosting component, a high-pressure gas source group and a vacuum pump; the experimental component includes an air inlet cavity and an air outlet cavity sleeved therein; the air outlet cavity is provided with a plurality of air outlet channels connected to the interior of the air inlet cavity and the air outlet end of the air outlet cavity, and a heating rod is provided therein; a first thermocouple and a first pressure gauge are provided on the air inlet cavity; the preheating component includes a preheating gas tank and a preheating rod provided therein; the air outlet end of the boosting component is connected to the air inlet end of the preheating gas tank; the air outlet end of the preheating gas tank is connected to the air inlet end of the air inlet cavity; the air outlet end of the air outlet cavity is connected to the air inlet end of the boosting component, and a second thermocouple and a second pressure gauge are provided on the connecting pipeline; the high-pressure gas source group is used to fill the experimental gas; and the vacuum pump is used to evacuate the air.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental device, and in particular to a closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental device and method. Background Art

[0002] Low-Prandtl-number gas mixtures are increasingly used for heat transfer in various power systems. However, heat transfer experiments and corresponding experimental data for mixtures are scarce, and the pressure drop of gases flowing in different structures varies. Therefore, it is important to study the flow and heat transfer of single components and mixtures in different channel structures.

[0003] Currently, gas-cooled reactors are commonly used as power systems in nuclear power design. However, due to varying reactor parameters, such as fuel rod size, noble gas mixture, power density, pressure, and flow rate, their heat transfer characteristics require further experimental verification. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an experimental device capable of measuring the flow and heat transfer characteristics of single-component gases or gas mixtures at different temperatures and pressures, thereby providing reliable thermal-hydraulic experimental data for the design of gas-cooled reactor systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to obtain the heat transfer characteristics of single-component gases or mixed gases at different temperatures and pressures in the existing technology, resulting in the inability to provide reliable thermal-hydraulic experimental data for the design of gas direct cooling reactor systems, and to provide a closed gas circulation flow heat transfer experimental device and method.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental device, which is characterized by comprising an experimental component, a preheating component, a pressurizing component, a high-pressure gas source group and a vacuum pump;

[0006] The experimental assembly includes an air inlet cavity and an air outlet cavity sleeved within the air inlet cavity; a plurality of air outlet channels are provided in the air outlet cavity; the lower ends of the air outlet channels are connected to the interior of the air inlet cavity, and the upper ends are connected to the air outlet end of the air outlet cavity; a heating rod for heating the experimental gas is provided in the air outlet channel; a first thermocouple and a first pressure gauge are provided on the air inlet cavity, and a second thermocouple and a second pressure gauge are provided near the air outlet end of the air outlet cavity;

[0007] The preheating assembly includes a preheating gas tank and a preheating rod arranged in the preheating gas tank for preheating the experimental gas;

[0008] The gas outlet end of the pressurizing assembly is connected to the gas inlet end of the preheating gas tank for adjusting the pressure of the experimental gas;

[0009] The air outlet end of the preheating gas tank is communicated with the air inlet end of the air inlet cavity;

[0010] The air outlet end of the air outlet cavity is connected to the air inlet end of the boosting component, and a second thermocouple and a second pressure gauge are provided on the connecting pipeline;

[0011] The high-pressure gas source group is used to fill the experimental components, preheating components, boosting components and various pipelines with experimental gas;

[0012] The vacuum pump is used to evacuate the experimental component, the preheating component, the boosting component and each pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, a third thermocouple and a third pressure gauge are provided on the pipeline connecting the air outlet end of the boosting assembly and the air inlet end of the preheating gas tank; the third thermocouple and the third pressure gauge are arranged near the air inlet end of the preheating gas tank;

[0014] A fourth thermocouple and a fourth pressure gauge are provided on the pipeline connecting the gas outlet end of the preheating gas tank and the gas inlet cavity; the fourth thermocouple and the fourth pressure gauge are arranged close to the gas outlet end of the preheating gas tank.

[0015] Further, it also includes a regenerator and a cooling assembly;

[0016] The regenerator includes a first heat regeneration chamber and a second heat regeneration chamber, and the first heat regeneration chamber and the second heat regeneration chamber are nested with each other for heat exchange; the air inlet end of the first heat regeneration chamber is connected to the air outlet end of the boosting component, the air outlet end of the first heat regeneration chamber is connected to the air inlet end of the preheating gas tank, the air inlet end of the second heat regeneration chamber is connected to the air outlet end of the air outlet chamber body, the air outlet end of the second heat regeneration chamber is connected to the air inlet end of the cooling component, and the air outlet end of the cooling component is connected to the air inlet end of the boosting component.

[0017] Furthermore, the cooling assembly includes a heat exchanger, a cooling tower and a cooling water pump;

[0018] The air inlet end of the first heat exchange chamber of the heat exchanger is connected to the air outlet end of the second heat regeneration chamber of the regenerator, the air outlet end of the first heat exchange chamber is connected to the air inlet end of the boost component, the inlet end of the second heat exchange chamber is connected to the water outlet end of the cooling water pump, the water inlet end of the cooling water pump is connected to the water outlet end of the cooling tower; the water inlet end of the cooling tower is connected to the outlet end of the second heat exchange chamber of the heat exchanger.

[0019] Furthermore, the boosting assembly includes a gas storage bottle and a gas boosting pump;

[0020] The gas outlet end of the gas storage bottle is connected to the gas inlet end of the gas booster pump;

[0021] The gas outlet end of the gas booster pump is connected to the gas inlet end of the preheating gas tank;

[0022] The air outlet end of the first heat exchange cavity of the heat exchanger is communicated with the first air inlet end of the gas storage bottle.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes a first regulating valve, a second regulating valve, a third regulating valve and a fourth regulating valve;

[0024] The first regulating valve and the third regulating valve are sequentially arranged on a pipeline connecting the gas outlet end of the gas booster pump and the gas inlet end of the preheating gas tank according to the gas flow direction;

[0025] The high-pressure gas source group is connected to the pipeline between the first regulating valve and the third regulating valve through the fourth regulating valve;

[0026] The second air inlet end of the gas storage bottle is communicated with the air inlet end of the first regulating valve; the second regulating valve is arranged on the pipeline between the first regulating valve and the second air inlet end of the gas storage bottle.

[0027] Furthermore, a gas flow meter is provided on the pipeline between the first regulating valve and the third regulating valve.

[0028] Furthermore, a filter is provided on the pipeline connecting the water outlet end of the cooling tower and the water inlet end of the cooling water pump;

[0029] A sixth regulating valve and a liquid flow meter are provided on the pipeline connecting the water outlet end of the cooling water pump and the inlet end of the second heat exchange chamber of the heat exchanger.

[0030] The present invention also provides a closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental method, which is based on the above-mentioned closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental device and is special in that it includes the following steps:

[0031] Step 1) Turn off the high-pressure gas source group, turn on the vacuum pump, and evacuate the experimental component, preheating component, booster component, and each connecting pipeline;

[0032] Step 2) Open the high-pressure gas source group, fill the experimental component, preheating component, boosting component and each connecting pipeline with experimental gas, and close the high-pressure gas source group;

[0033] Step 3) pressurizing the charged experimental gas by the pressurizing component and preheating the experimental gas by the preheating component until the first pressure gauge provided on the inlet cavity of the experimental component reaches a preset pressure value and the first thermocouple reaches a preset temperature value;

[0034] Step 4) heating the experimental gas in the gas outlet cavity of the experimental component by a heating rod until it reaches a preset heating temperature;

[0035] Step 5) Recording the heating power of the heating rod, and recording the output temperature displayed by the second thermocouple and the output pressure displayed by the second pressure gauge;

[0036] Step 6) The preset pressure value, the preset temperature value, the preset heating temperature, the heating power of the heating rod, the output temperature, and the output pressure are used as the first set of characteristic data;

[0037] Step 7) changing the preset pressure value or the preset temperature value N times, N≥3, repeating steps 3) to 6) each time, obtaining N sets of characteristic data, and obtaining a total of N+1 sets of characteristic data;

[0038] Step 8) Calculating the flow pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of the experimental gas at different pressures or temperatures based on the N+1 sets of characteristic data.

[0039] Furthermore, after step 2) and before step 3), a purification step is further included, specifically:

[0040] Repeat steps 1) and 2) M times, where M ≥ 2.

[0041] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0042] 1. The present invention provides an experimental assembly consisting of an air inlet cavity and an air outlet cavity, and provides a pressurizing assembly and a preheating assembly for the experimental assembly. Experiments can be conducted on the same single-component gas or mixed gas at different pressures and temperatures to obtain the flow pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of the single-component gas or mixed gas at different temperatures and pressures, providing reliable thermal-hydraulic experimental data for the design of gas direct cooling reactor systems.

[0043] 2. The experimental device of the present invention forms a closed-cycle experimental loop as a whole, which, on the one hand, improves the utilization efficiency of the experimental gas, and on the other hand, can measure the flow pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of the experimental object, i.e., the experimental gas, at different temperatures and pressures without changing the experimental object, and the measured experimental results are more accurate.

[0044] 3. The experimental device provided by the present invention is also provided with a regenerator and a cooling component; the regenerator can transfer the heat of the experimental gas heated in the previous experiment to the experimental gas that needs to be heated in the next experiment, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the preheating rod and achieving the effect of energy saving and emission reduction; the cooling component can return the experimental gas after a single experiment to its initial state, so as to conduct multiple experiments and improve the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0045] 4. The experimental device provided by the present invention can be used for heat exchange experiments of various single-component gases or mixed gases, and has wide applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental device of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the experimental assembly in an embodiment of the present invention, excluding the first thermocouple and the first pressure gauge.

[0048] Description of reference numerals:

[0049] 1- Gas cylinder, 2- Gas booster pump, 3- Safety valve, 4- Fifth pressure gauge, 5- Second regulating valve, 6- First regulating valve, 7- High-pressure gas source group, 8- Second pressure reducing valve, 9- Fourth regulating valve, 10- Gas flow meter, 11- Third regulating valve, 12- Seventh regulating valve, 13- Regenerator, 14- Eighth regulating valve, 15- Third pressure gauge, 16- Third thermocouple, 17- Preheating assembly, 18- Fourth pressure gauge, 19- Fourth thermocouple, 20- First thermocouple, 21 -First pressure gauge, 22-Experimental assembly, 221-Air inlet cavity, 222-Air outlet cavity, 223-Air outlet duct, 224-Heating rod, 23-Second thermocouple, 24-Second pressure gauge, 25-Heat exchanger, 26-Second back pressure valve, 27-First back pressure valve, 28-First pressure reducing valve, 29-Fifth regulating valve, 30-Vacuum pump, 31-Cooling tower, 32-Ninth regulating valve, 33-Filter, 34-Cooling water pump, 35-Sixth regulating valve, 36-Liquid flow meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental device of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the experimental device includes an experimental component 22, a preheating component 17, a boosting component, a high-pressure gas source group 7, a vacuum pump 30, a regenerator 13, a cooling component, a first regulating valve 6, a second regulating valve 5, a third regulating valve 11 and a fourth regulating valve 9; wherein the cooling component includes a heat exchanger 25, a cooling tower 31 and a cooling water pump 34;

[0052] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental assembly in the embodiment of the present invention, excluding the first thermocouple 20 and the first pressure gauge 21, as shown in FIG. Figure 2As shown, the experimental assembly 22 includes an air inlet cavity 221 and an air outlet cavity 222 mounted within the air inlet cavity 221. The air outlet cavity 222 is provided with a plurality of air outlet channels 223, forming a honeycomb-like inner cavity. The lower end of each air outlet channel 223 is connected to the inner cavity of the air inlet cavity 221, and the upper end is connected to the air outlet end of the air outlet cavity 222. Specifically, a larger space is provided at the upper end of the air outlet cavity 222, and the upper ends of all the air outlet channels 223 are located within this space. This space has an outlet, namely the air outlet end of the air outlet cavity 222. The air outlet cavity 222 can be made of a stainless steel matrix. Each air outlet channel 223 is provided with a heating rod 224 for heating the experimental gas. Specifically, the heating rod 224 is located at the center of the air outlet channel 223, and a gap is provided between the outer wall of the heating rod 224 and the inner wall of the air outlet channel 223. This gap allows the experimental gas to pass through, and the heating rod 224 heats the experimental gas while passing through. The air inlet cavity 221 is provided with a first thermocouple 20 and a first pressure gauge 21 for measuring the temperature and pressure of the experimental gas. The structure of the experimental assembly 22 is reasonable and effective, and can improve the uniformity of heating the experimental gas.

[0053] In the experimental device of the present invention, the preheating component 17 includes a preheating gas tank and a preheating rod arranged in the preheating gas tank for preheating the experimental gas; since the efficiency of heating the experimental gas directly through the heating rod 224 is low and cannot reach the expected temperature, the experimental gas can be preheated through the preheating component 17, and then after the experimental gas enters the experimental component 22, it is continued to be heated by the heating rod 224, which can improve the heating efficiency of the heating rod 224.

[0054] The pressurization assembly includes a gas cylinder 1 and a gas booster pump 2. The gas outlet of the gas cylinder 1 is connected to the gas inlet of the gas booster pump 2. The gas booster pump 2 is used to pressurize the experimental gas to a preset experimental pressure. The gas outlet of the gas booster pump 2 is connected to the gas inlet of the preheating gas tank. The connecting pipeline is provided with a first regulating valve 6, a gas flow meter 10, a third regulating valve 11, a third pressure gauge 15, and a third thermocouple 16 in sequence along the gas flow direction. The third pressure gauge 15 and the third thermocouple 16 are provided near the gas inlet of the preheating gas tank to measure the temperature and pressure of the experimental gas at the preheating gas tank inlet. The gas cylinder 1 is a low-pressure gas container tank and is provided with a safety valve 3 and a fifth pressure gauge 4. The safety valve 3 is used to discharge gas, and the fifth pressure gauge 4 is used to monitor pressure. The gas cylinder 1 is provided with a first gas inlet and a second gas inlet. The second gas inlet is connected to the pipeline between the gas booster pump 2 and the preheating gas tank, and the connecting pipeline is provided with a second regulating valve 5.

[0055] The air outlet end of the preheating gas tank is connected to the air inlet end of the air inlet cavity 221, and a fourth thermocouple 19 and a fourth pressure gauge 18 are provided on the connecting pipeline. The fourth thermocouple 19 and the fourth pressure gauge 18 are arranged close to the air outlet end of the preheating gas tank and are used to measure the temperature and pressure of the experimental gas at the air outlet end of the preheating gas tank.

[0056] The regenerator 13 includes a first regenerator chamber and a second regenerator chamber. The first regenerator chamber and the second regenerator chamber are both composed of a plurality of interconnected tubular structures. The two tubular structures are nested with each other to enable heat exchange.

[0057] The air inlet of the first reheat chamber of the reheater 13 is connected to the air outlet of the gas booster pump 2, and a seventh regulating valve 12 is provided on the connecting pipeline. The air outlet of the first reheat chamber of the reheater 13 is connected to the air inlet of the preheating gas tank, and an eighth regulating valve 14 is provided on the connecting pipeline. When heat recovery is not required during the experiment, the seventh regulating valve 12 and the eighth regulating valve 14 can be closed simultaneously to avoid heat recovery. The air inlet of the second reheat chamber of the reheater 13 is connected to the air outlet of the outlet cavity 222, and a second thermocouple 23 and a second pressure gauge 24 are provided on the connecting pipeline for measuring the temperature and pressure of the experimental gas discharged from the experimental assembly 22. The air outlet of the second reheat chamber of the reheater 13 is connected to the air inlet of the first heat exchange chamber of the heat exchanger 25 in the cooling assembly.

[0058] The gas outlet of the first heat exchange chamber of the heat exchanger 25 is connected to the first gas inlet of the gas cylinder 1. A first back-pressure valve 27 and a first pressure reducing valve 28 are sequentially installed on this connecting pipe along the gas flow direction. A second back-pressure valve 26 is also connected in parallel at both ends of the first back-pressure valve 27. The inlet of the second heat exchange chamber of the heat exchanger 25 is connected to the water outlet of the cooling water pump 34. A sixth regulating valve 35 and a liquid flow meter 36 are sequentially installed on this connecting pipe along the liquid flow direction. The water inlet of the cooling water pump 34 is connected to the water outlet of the cooling tower 31. A ninth regulating valve 32 and a filter 33 are sequentially installed on this connecting pipe along the liquid flow direction. The water inlet of the cooling tower 31 is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchange chamber of the heat exchanger 25. The sixth regulating valve 35 and the liquid flow meter 36 are used to regulate and measure the flow rate in the cooling assembly.

[0059] The vacuum pump 30 is connected to the pipeline between the first pressure reducing valve 28 and the gas cylinder 1, and the connecting pipeline is provided with a fifth regulating valve 29. The vacuum pump 30 is used to evacuate all connected devices and pipelines.

[0060] The high-pressure gas source group 7 is connected to the pipeline between the first regulating valve 6 and the gas flow meter 10, and a second pressure reducing valve 8 and a fourth regulating valve 9 are sequentially provided along the gas flow direction on the connecting pipeline; the high-pressure gas source group 7 is used to provide experimental gas to all connected devices and pipelines.

[0061] The experimental gas in the present invention can be air, helium-xenon mixed gas, helium-argon, nitrogen, helium and other media, but is not limited to these media. The flow range is: 0~0.1kg / s, the experimental section pressure range is: 0~3MPa, the system pressure range is: 0~8MPa, the inlet temperature of the experimental component 22 is not lower than 650K, and the outlet temperature is not lower than 1070K.

[0062] The experimental apparatus of the present invention forms a gas loop, reducing waste of experimental gas. This allows for repeated experiments with expensive experimental gases, particularly those cooled to their initial state by a cooling assembly, improving the accuracy of experimental results. The experimental apparatus utilizes a low-pressure container for total gas and multi-stage pressure reduction and regulation, enhancing pressure and flow stability. This allows for experimental study of the flow pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of single-component and mixed gases at various temperatures and pressures, providing reliable thermal-hydraulic experimental data for the design of direct-gas-cooled reactor systems.

[0063] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental method, based on the above experimental device, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: Turn off the high-pressure gas source group 7, turn on the vacuum pump 30, and evacuate the experimental component 22, the preheating component 17, the booster component, and each connecting pipeline to remove as much air as possible from each pipeline and the experimental device;

[0065] Step 2: Open the high-pressure gas source group 7 and fill the experimental component 22, the preheating component 17, the boosting component and each connecting pipeline with the experimental gas. The experimental gas can be air, helium-xenon mixed gas, helium-argon gas, nitrogen, helium or other media. Then close the high-pressure gas source group 7.

[0066] Step 3: Repeat steps 1 and 2 M times, M ≥ 2, to improve the purity of the experimental gas in all pipelines and experimental devices;

[0067] Step 4: The charged experimental gas is pressurized by the boosting component and preheated by the preheating component 17 until the first pressure gauge 21 provided on the air inlet cavity 221 of the experimental component 22 reaches a preset pressure value and the first thermocouple 20 reaches a preset temperature value;

[0068] Step 5: The experimental gas in the gas outlet cavity 222 of the experimental assembly 22 is heated by the heating rod 224 until it reaches a preset heating temperature;

[0069] Step 6: Record the heating power of the heating rod 224, and record the output temperature displayed by the second thermocouple 23 and the output pressure displayed by the second pressure gauge 24;

[0070] Step 7: The preset pressure value, the preset temperature value, the preset heating temperature, the heating power of the heating rod, the output temperature, and the output pressure are used as the first set of characteristic data;

[0071] Step 8: Change the preset pressure value or the preset temperature value N times, N≥3, and repeat steps 3 to 6 each time to obtain N sets of characteristic data, and a total of N+1 sets of characteristic data;

[0072] Step 9: Calculate the flow pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of the experimental gas at different pressures or temperatures based on the N+1 sets of characteristic data.

[0073] During the experiment, if the experimental gas is heated, the hot experimental gas discharged from the outlet cavity 222 can be utilized, that is, its heat is transferred to the experimental gas to be transported to the preheating component 17 through the regenerator 13, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the preheating component 17 and recycling the heat.

[0074] In addition, after a set of experiments is completed, the cooling component can be used to cool the experimental gas to its initial state and conduct the experiment again. Finally, multiple sets of data can be averaged to improve the accuracy of the experimental data and the utilization rate of the experimental gas.

[0075] Through the description of the above implementation methods, technical personnel in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0076] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention shall be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental device, characterized by: It includes an experimental component (22), a preheating component (17), a pressurizing component, a high-pressure gas source group (7) and a vacuum pump (30); The experimental assembly (22) includes an air inlet cavity (221) and an air outlet cavity (222) mounted inside the air inlet cavity (221); a plurality of air outlet channels (223) are provided inside the air outlet cavity (222); the lower ends of the air outlet channels (223) are in communication with the interior of the air inlet cavity (221), and the upper ends are in communication with the air outlet end of the air outlet cavity (222); a heating rod (224) for heating the experimental gas is provided inside the air outlet channels (223); a first thermocouple (20) and a first pressure gauge (21) are provided on the air inlet cavity (221); The preheating assembly (17) includes a preheating gas tank and a preheating rod arranged in the preheating gas tank for preheating the experimental gas; The gas outlet end of the pressurizing assembly is connected to the gas inlet end of the preheating gas tank for adjusting the pressure of the experimental gas; The air outlet end of the preheating gas tank is in communication with the air inlet end of the air inlet cavity (221); The air outlet end of the air outlet cavity (222) is in communication with the air inlet end of the boosting assembly, and a second thermocouple (23) and a second pressure gauge (24) are provided on the connecting pipeline; the second thermocouple (23) and the second pressure gauge (24) are arranged near the air outlet end of the air outlet cavity (222); The high-pressure gas source group (7) is used to fill the experimental component (22), the preheating component (17), the boosting component and each pipeline with experimental gas; The vacuum pump (30) is used to evacuate the experimental component (22), the preheating component (17), the boosting component and each pipeline; A third thermocouple (16) and a third pressure gauge (15) are provided on a pipeline connecting the air outlet end of the boosting component and the air inlet end of the preheating gas tank; the third thermocouple (16) and the third pressure gauge (15) are arranged close to the air inlet end of the preheating gas tank; A fourth thermocouple (19) and a fourth pressure gauge (18) are provided on a pipeline connecting the gas outlet end of the preheating gas tank and the gas inlet cavity (221); the fourth thermocouple (19) and the fourth pressure gauge (18) are arranged close to the gas outlet end of the preheating gas tank.

2. The closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a regenerator (13) and a cooling assembly; The regenerator (13) comprises a first regenerator chamber and a second regenerator chamber, wherein the first regenerator chamber and the second regenerator chamber are nested with each other and are used for performing cold and heat exchange; The air inlet end of the first heat regeneration chamber is connected to the air outlet end of the boosting component, the air outlet end of the first heat regeneration chamber is connected to the air inlet end of the preheating gas tank, the air inlet end of the second heat regeneration chamber is connected to the air outlet end of the air outlet cavity (222), the air outlet end of the second heat regeneration chamber is connected to the air inlet end of the cooling component, and the air outlet end of the cooling component is connected to the air inlet end of the boosting component.

3. The closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling assembly includes a heat exchanger (25), a cooling tower (31) and a cooling water pump (34); The air inlet end of the first heat exchange chamber of the heat exchanger (25) is connected to the air outlet end of the second heat regeneration chamber of the regenerator (13), the air outlet end of the first heat exchange chamber is connected to the air inlet end of the booster assembly, the inlet end of the second heat exchange chamber is connected to the water outlet end of the cooling water pump (34), the water inlet end of the cooling water pump (34) is connected to the water outlet end of the cooling tower (31); the water inlet end of the cooling tower (31) is connected to the outlet end of the second heat exchange chamber of the heat exchanger (25).

4. The closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The boosting assembly comprises a gas storage bottle (1) and a gas boosting pump (2); The gas outlet end of the gas storage bottle (1) is in communication with the gas inlet end of the gas booster pump (2); The gas outlet end of the gas booster pump (2) is communicated with the gas inlet end of the preheating gas tank; The gas outlet end of the first heat exchange cavity of the heat exchanger (25) is in communication with the first gas inlet end of the gas storage bottle (1).

5. The closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a first regulating valve (6), a second regulating valve (5), a third regulating valve (11) and a fourth regulating valve (9); The first regulating valve (6) and the third regulating valve (11) are sequentially arranged on a pipeline connecting the gas outlet end of the gas booster pump (2) and the gas inlet end of the preheating gas tank according to the gas flow direction; The high-pressure gas source group (7) is connected to the pipeline between the first regulating valve (6) and the third regulating valve (11) through the fourth regulating valve (9); The second air inlet end of the gas storage bottle (1) is in communication with the air inlet end of the first regulating valve (6); the second regulating valve (5) is arranged on a pipeline between the first regulating valve (6) and the second air inlet end of the gas storage bottle (1).

6. The closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A gas flow meter (10) is provided on the pipeline between the first regulating valve (6) and the third regulating valve (11).

7. The closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A filter (33) is provided on a pipeline connecting the water outlet end of the cooling tower (31) and the water inlet end of the cooling water pump (34); A sixth regulating valve (35) and a liquid flow meter (36) are provided on a pipeline connecting the water outlet end of the cooling water pump (34) and the inlet end of the second heat exchange chamber of the heat exchanger (25).

8. A closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental method, based on the closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1) Turn off the high-pressure gas source group (7), turn on the vacuum pump (30), and evacuate the experimental component (22), the preheating component (17), the boosting component, and each connecting pipeline; Step 2) Open the high-pressure gas source group (7), fill the experimental component (22), the preheating component (17), the boosting component and each connecting pipeline with the experimental gas, and close the high-pressure gas source group (7); Step 3) pressurizing the charged experimental gas by the pressurizing component and preheating the experimental gas by the preheating component (17) until the first pressure gauge (21) provided on the air inlet cavity (221) of the experimental component (22) reaches a preset pressure value and the first thermocouple (20) reaches a preset temperature value; Step 4) heating the experimental gas in the gas outlet cavity (222) of the experimental assembly (22) by means of a heating rod (224) until the temperature reaches a preset heating temperature; Step 5) Recording the heating power of the heating rod (224), and recording the output temperature displayed by the second thermocouple (23) and the output pressure displayed by the second pressure gauge (24); Step 6) using the preset pressure value, the preset temperature value, the preset heating temperature, the heating power of the heating rod (224), the output temperature, and the output pressure as the first set of characteristic data; Step 7) changing the preset pressure value or the preset temperature value N times, N≥3, repeating steps 3) to 6) each time, obtaining N sets of characteristic data, and obtaining a total of N+1 sets of characteristic data; Step 8) Calculating the flow pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of the experimental gas at different pressures or temperatures based on the N+1 sets of characteristic data.

9. The closed gas circulation flow heat exchange experimental method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After step 2) and before step 3), a purification step is further included, specifically: Repeat steps 1) and 2) M times, where M ≥ 2.

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