Method for evaluating the high frequency axial vibration energy of a rotary percussion tool

Abstract

The application discloses a method for evaluating the improvement of the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy of a drill bit by a rotary percussion tool, and is based on measured wellbore trajectory parameters, drill string structure parameters and rotary percussion tool characteristic parameters, considers different rotary percussion tool installation positions, utilizes a drill string dynamics analysis method to obtain a drill string axial vibration speed, calculates a drill bit high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy index, and uses the index as an evaluation basis for the improvement degree of the drill bit kinetic energy, and determines a reasonable rotary percussion tool installation position and a working frequency based on the index.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oilfield drilling technology, specifically to an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy of drill bits using a rotary punch tool. Background Technology

[0002] In order to reduce drill string stick-slip vibration and increase drilling speed, the research and application of drilling rotary percussion tools have received increasing attention.

[0003] The position of the rotary drilling tool in the drill string is not fixed. During drilling in the vertical section, it is generally directly connected to the upper end of the drill bit or drill collar. The rotary drilling tool converts the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid into axial mechanical vibration, providing additional dynamic impact force for the drill bit to break rocks axially, which is beneficial for the drill bit to break rocks and improve drilling speed.

[0004] However, there is no reasonable quantitative evaluation method for the degree to which rotary percussion tools improve the rock-breaking ability of drill bits, making it impossible to determine the optimal installation position and operating frequency of the rotary percussion tools that are most conducive to increasing drill bit speed. In actual use, improper parameter matching often leads to insignificant speed-up effects. A quantitative evaluation method for the rock-breaking efficiency improvement effect of rotary percussion tools is urgently needed in engineering projects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy of drill bits with rotary punching tools, thereby improving the rock breaking efficiency of drill bits and addressing the problems of drill bit assemblies with rotary punching tools.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the concept of this invention is as follows:

[0007] Based on the measured wellbore trajectory parameters, drill string structure parameters, and rotary punch characteristic parameters, and considering different rotary punch installation positions, the drill string axial vibration velocity is obtained using drill string dynamics analysis methods. The high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy index of the drill bit is calculated as an evaluation basis for the degree of drill bit kinetic energy improvement. Based on this, the reasonable installation position and operating frequency of the rotary punch are determined.

[0008] Based on the above inventive concept, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] An evaluation method for improving the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy of drill bits using a rotary punching tool, the operation steps of which are as follows:

[0010] (1) Measure the structural parameters of the drill string using a laser measuring instrument and a special gauge;

[0011] (2) Measure wellbore trajectory parameters using a triaxial accelerometer, fluxgate sensor or MWD, single-point or multi-point inclinometer;

[0012] (3) Determine the performance parameters of the rotary punching tool;

[0013] (4) Establish a drill string dynamics analysis model;

[0014] (5) Calculate the axial vibration kinetic energy index of the drill bit;

[0015] (6) Determine the appropriate installation location and working frequency of the rotary punching tool.

[0016] Preferably, step (1) of measuring the drill string structural parameters involves using measuring tools to measure the outer diameter, inner diameter, length, and density of the drill string.

[0017] Preferably, step (2) of measuring wellbore trajectory parameters involves using measuring tools to measure wellbore trajectory parameters such as well diameter, well inclination angle, and azimuth angle.

[0018] Preferably, step (3) of determining the performance parameters of the punching tool is: using measuring tools or according to the performance parameters of the punching tool provided by the equipment supplier to determine the working frequency and working torque of the punching tool.

[0019] Preferably, in step (4) of establishing the drill string dynamics analysis model, a pulsed axial force determined by the performance of the rotary punch tool is provided to the drill string at the installation position:

[0020]

[0021] Where F0 is the impact force of the hammer on the anvil, kN; Δt is the contact time, s; T is the period, s; ​​t represents time, s; this is converted into a superposition excitation in the form of a Fourier series for the corresponding nodes, yielding the frequencies w of each order. n and amplitude A n Take the synthesis result of its first n orders of components:

[0022] F(t)=∑A n sinw n t. (2)

[0023] Preferably, in step (4) of establishing the drill string dynamics analysis model, the excitation in the form of Fourier series is substituted into the following finite element model to calculate and determine the axial vibration velocity of the drill string generated by the rotary punch:

[0024]

[0025] Where M is the mass matrix, M Add Let C be the added mass matrix, and K be the damping matrix. L K is a linear stiffness matrix. NL Here, F is the nonlinear stiffness matrix, and F is the external force matrix. U represents generalized acceleration, generalized velocity, and generalized displacement, respectively.

[0026] Preferably, step (5) involves calculating the axial vibration energy obtained by the drill bit under rotary excitation based on the drill bit mass and axial vibration velocity.

[0027]

[0028] Where m is the mass of the drill bit (kg) and v is the axial vibration velocity of the drill bit (m / s).

[0029] Preferably, step (5) involves determining the kinetic energy index of the high-frequency axial vibration of the drill bit induced by the rotary punch using formula (5):

[0030]

[0031] Where (t1 t2) represents any time interval.

[0032] Preferably, step (6) involves: determining the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy index of the drill bit at different frequencies and different swivel tool installation positions; and by comparison, determining the corresponding swivel tool installation position at a given swivel tool frequency or the swivel tool frequency at a given swivel tool position based on the maximum high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy index of the drill bit.

[0033] Preferably, the operating frequency of the rotary punch is between 5 and 200 Hz; preferably, the wellbore is a vertical well, or a directional well, or a horizontal well, or a high-displacement well.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following obvious and prominent substantive features and significant advantages:

[0035] 1. The present invention provides an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy of drill bits using a rotary punching tool. This method decomposes the pulse excitation of the rotary punching tool into a multi-order sine function, determines the axial vibration velocity of each node of the drill string based on the drill string dynamics model, and evaluates the additional energy obtained by the drill bit using the drill bit kinetic energy index formula.

[0036] 2. This invention adjusts the installation position and working frequency of the rotary punch to obtain the change in the axial vibration kinetic energy index of the drill bit. Based on the maximum drill bit kinetic energy index, the most reasonable installation position and working frequency of the rotary punch are determined to improve the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit.

[0037] 3. This invention is applicable to a wide range of commonly used drill bits and drill collar sizes, as well as various types of rotary drilling tools and wellbore trajectories, including vertical wells, directional wells, horizontal wells, and extended reach wells. The frequency of the rotary drilling tools is generally between 5 and 200 Hz, and the high frequency is relative to the surface rotation speed frequency (generally less than 2 Hz).

[0038] 4. The method of the present invention is simple, easy to implement, and low in cost, making it suitable for widespread use. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the operating procedure of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is the time history curve of the rotary impact excitation effect.

[0041] Figure 3 The pulse excitation is synthesized in the form of trigonometric functions.

[0042] Figure 4 The maximum axial velocity distribution of the drill string at different installation positions of the rotary punch (20Hz).

[0043] Figure 5 The curves show the changes in the kinetic energy index of the drill bit under the action of a rotary punching tool at different installation positions and working frequencies. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The above solution will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below:

[0045] Example 1:

[0046] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 An evaluation method for improving the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy of drill bits using a rotary punching tool, the operation steps of which are as follows:

[0047] (1) Measure the structural parameters of the drill string using special gauges, etc.;

[0048] (2) Measure wellbore trajectory parameters using a multi-point inclinometer;

[0049] (3) Determine the performance parameters of the rotary punching tool;

[0050] (4) Establish a drill string dynamics analysis model;

[0051] (5) Calculate the axial vibration kinetic energy index of the drill bit;

[0052] (6) Determine the appropriate installation location and working frequency of the rotary punching tool.

[0053] This embodiment presents an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy of drill bits using rotary impact tools. It addresses the problems existing in drill bit assemblies with rotary impact tools and improves the rock-breaking efficiency of drill bits.

[0054] Example 2:

[0055] This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that:

[0056] In this embodiment, an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy of a drill bit using a rotary punching tool includes the following steps:

[0057] 1) Measure the structural parameters of the drill string: Use measuring tools to measure the outer diameter, inner diameter, length, etc. of each part of the drill string;

[0058] 2) Measuring wellbore trajectory parameters: Using measuring tools, wellbore trajectory parameters such as well diameter, inclination angle, and azimuth angle are measured;

[0059] 3) Determine the performance parameters of the spunching tool: Use measuring tools or refer to the spunching performance parameters provided by the manufacturer to determine the working frequency and impact force of the spunching tool;

[0060] 4) Establish a drill string dynamics analysis model: At the installation position, a pulsed axial force determined by the performance of the rotary punching tool is applied to the drill string.

[0061]

[0062] Where F0 is the impact force of the hammer on the anvil, kN; Δt is the contact time, s; T is the period, s; ​​t represents time, s; the time history curve of the impact of the rotary hammer can be expressed as follows: Figure 1 The form;

[0063] To facilitate dynamic calculations, equation (1) is transformed into trigonometric function form using Fourier transform:

[0064] F(t)=∑A n sinw n t (2)

[0065] The pulse excitation F(t) is transformed by Fourier transform to obtain the frequencies w of each order. n Hz and amplitude A n ,kN, take the synthesis result of its first n order components, such as Figure 2 As shown; the excitation in Fourier series form is substituted into the following finite element model:

[0066]

[0067] Where M is the mass matrix, M Add Let C be the added mass matrix, and K be the damping matrix. L K is a linear stiffness matrix. NL Here, F is the nonlinear stiffness matrix, and F is the external force matrix. U represents the generalized acceleration, generalized velocity, and generalized displacement, respectively. The drill string dynamics are calculated to obtain the dynamic characteristics of the entire drill string under this excitation. Vibration parameters of each node of the drill string during stable fluctuations are taken, and the axial vibration velocities of each node are compiled to obtain the axial velocity distribution, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown;

[0068] 5) Calculate the axial vibration kinetic energy index of the drill bit: Calculate the axial vibration energy index obtained by the drill bit under rotary excitation based on the drill bit's mass and axial velocity.

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] Where m is the mass of the drill bit (kg), and v is the axial vibration velocity of the drill bit (m / s).

[0072] 6) Determine the appropriate installation position and working frequency of the rotary punch: Determine the kinetic energy index of the drill bit rotation at different frequencies and different rotary punch installation positions. By comparison, determine the corresponding rotary punch installation position at a given rotary punch frequency or the rotary punch frequency at a given rotary punch position based on the maximum high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy index of the drill bit.

[0073] In this embodiment, the operating frequency of the rotary punch is between 5 and 200 Hz, and the wellbore is a vertical well, a directional well, a horizontal well, or a high-displacement well.

[0074] This embodiment describes an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy of drill bits using rotary punching tools. This method decomposes the pulse excitation of the rotary punching tool into a multi-order sine function, determines the axial vibration velocity of each node in the drill string based on a drill string dynamics model, and evaluates the additional energy gained by the drill bit using the drill bit kinetic energy index formula. The method adjusts the installation position and operating frequency of the rotary punching tool to obtain changes in the drill bit's axial vibration kinetic energy index. Using the maximum drill bit kinetic energy index as the criterion, the most suitable installation position and operating frequency for improving the drill bit's rock-breaking efficiency are determined.

[0075] Example 3:

[0076] This embodiment is basically the same as the above embodiments, except that:

[0077] In this embodiment, a 3000m vertical well is drilled using a drill string assembly with dual stabilizers and Power-V tools. To reduce friction, improve the drill bit's rock-breaking ability and drilling speed, and reduce stick-slip vibration, the method of this patent application is used to determine the appropriate installation position and operating frequency of the rotary percussion tool.

[0078] Implementation process:

[0079] 1) By measuring parameters such as inner diameter, outer diameter, and length, the drill string structure is obtained as follows:

[0080] Φ333.4mm drill bit * 0.4m + Φ228.6mm drill collar * 18m + Φ331mm stabilizer * 1.95m + Φ228.6mm drill collar * 9m + Φ331mm stabilizer * 1.95m + Φ228.6mm drill collar * 45m + Φ203.2mm drill collar * 135m + Φ139.7mm drill rod.

[0081] The drill collar has an inner diameter of 76mm, and the drill pipe has an inner diameter of 108mm.

[0082] 2) Consult the drilling design to obtain the wellbore structure:

[0083] Φ365.1mm surface sleeve * 500m + Φ333.4mm bare eye.

[0084] 3) The axial impact force of the rotary punch was measured to be 80kN, and the working frequency was between 2 and 30Hz.

[0085] 4) The measured density of the drill string material was 7.9 × 10⁻⁶. 3 kg / m 3 Its elastic modulus is 201 GPa.

[0086] 5) Place the rotary punch at distances of 3m, 9m, 13.5m, 24.45m and 28.3m from the drill bit, respectively. Perform calculations on the rotary punch at different frequencies of 2Hz, 4Hz, 5Hz, 10Hz and 20Hz to determine the vibration characteristics and kinetic energy index of the drill bit under different parameter combinations.

[0087] 6) High-frequency vibration of the rotary punching tool can cause high-frequency axial movement of the nearby drill string, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the axial motion velocity reaches its maximum value at the node where the rotary punching tool is installed, and gradually weakens towards both sides; under different vibration frequencies and excitation forces, the extreme values ​​and distribution ranges of the axial velocity vary significantly when the rotary punching tool is installed in different positions, taking 20Hz rotary punching as an example.

[0088] 7) Calculations show that the first 10 natural frequencies of the drill string are 1.97Hz, 4.01Hz, 8.07Hz, 11.49Hz, 13.05Hz, 16.43Hz, 20.84Hz, 24.05Hz, 25.88Hz, and 28.74Hz. Comparing these frequencies with the selected rotary impact working frequencies, it can be seen that the impact frequencies of 2Hz and 4Hz are close to the natural frequencies of the drill string, and the corresponding axial vibration transmission efficiency will be better.

[0089] 8) According to the drill bit kinetic energy index curve, see Figure 5When the rotary punch is close to the drill bit, the drill bit can obtain more energy, which is more conducive to converting the vibration energy generated by the rotary punch into the rock-breaking energy of the drill bit. When the vibration frequency of the rotary punch is close to its natural frequency, the axial vibration energy obtained by the drill bit is less sensitive to the installation position of the rotary punch, indicating that the vibration energy provided by the rotary punch is less lost and its vibration energy transmission efficiency is higher. High-frequency vibration rotary punches can significantly increase the kinetic energy that the drill bit can obtain, but the energy transmission loss is greater, and the installation position far away from the drill bit will lead to a significant reduction in the energy obtained by the drill bit.

[0090] 9) In this embodiment, in order to maximize the rock-breaking efficiency of the drill bit, the optimal operating frequency of the rotary punch is 20Hz, and the optimal installation position is less than 5m.

[0091] This embodiment describes an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy of drill bits using rotary punching tools. Based on measured wellbore trajectory parameters, drill string structure parameters, and rotary punching tool characteristic parameters, and considering different rotary punching tool installation positions, the axial vibration velocity of the drill string is obtained using drill string dynamics analysis methods. The high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy index of the drill bit is calculated as the evaluation basis for the degree of improvement in drill bit kinetic energy. Based on this, the reasonable installation position and operating frequency of the rotary punching tool are determined.

[0092] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made according to the purpose of the invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations or simplifications made based on the spirit and principle of the technical solution of the present invention shall be equivalent substitutions. As long as they meet the purpose of the invention and do not deviate from the technical principle and inventive concept of the present invention, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the improvement of high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy of drill bits using a rotary punching tool, characterized in that, The operation steps are as follows: (1) Measure the structural parameters of the drill string using a laser measuring instrument and a special gauge; (2) Measure wellbore trajectory parameters using a triaxial accelerometer, fluxgate sensor or MWD, single-point or multi-point inclinometer; (3) Determine the performance parameters of the rotary punching tool; (4) Establish a drill string dynamics analysis model; (5) Calculate the axial vibration kinetic energy index of the drill bit; (6) Determine the appropriate installation location and working frequency of the rotary punching tool; In step (4), the drill string dynamics analysis model is established by providing a pulsed axial force at the installation position, which is determined by the performance of the rotary punching tool. （1）； in The force of the hammer impacting the anvil is expressed in kN. Contact time, in seconds; T The period is s; t Indicates time, in seconds; This is transformed into a superposition of excitations in the form of Fourier series for the corresponding nodes, yielding the frequencies of each order. w n Hz and amplitude A n kN, take the first one n The synthesis results of the first-order components: （2）； In step (4), the drill string dynamics analysis model is established by substituting the Fourier series excitation into the following finite element model to calculate and determine the axial vibration velocity of the drill string generated by the rotary punch: （3）； in, M For the quality matrix, To add a mass matrix, C Here is the damping matrix. It is a linear stiffness matrix. It is a nonlinear stiffness matrix. F For the external force matrix, These are generalized acceleration, generalized velocity, and generalized displacement, respectively. Step (5): Calculate the axial vibration energy obtained by the drill bit under rotary excitation based on the drill bit mass and axial vibration velocity. （4）； in, m The mass of the drill bit is expressed in kg. v Let be the axial vibration velocity of the drill bit, in m / s; The kinetic energy index of high-frequency axial vibration of the drill bit induced by the rotary punch is determined using formula (5): （5）； in Any time period; Step (6): Determine the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy index of the drill bit under different frequencies and different swivel tool installation positions. By comparison, determine the corresponding swivel tool installation position under a given swivel tool frequency or determine the swivel tool frequency when a given swivel tool position is determined based on the maximum high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy index of the drill bit.

2. The evaluation method for improving the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy of drill bits using a rotary punching tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step (1) of measuring the drill string structural parameters is to use measuring tools to measure the outer diameter, inner diameter, length, and density of the drill string.

3. The evaluation method for improving the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy of drill bits using a rotary punching tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step (2) of measuring the wellbore trajectory parameters is to use measuring tools to measure the wellbore trajectory parameters such as well diameter, well inclination angle, and azimuth angle.

4. The evaluation method for improving the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy of drill bits using a rotary punching tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step (3) of determining the performance parameters of the punching tool is to determine the working frequency and working torque of the punching tool by using measuring tools or according to the performance parameters of the punching tool provided by the equipment supplier.

5. The evaluation method for improving the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy of drill bits using a rotary punching tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working frequency of the rotary punching tool is between 5 and 200 Hz.

6. The evaluation method for improving the high-frequency axial vibration kinetic energy of drill bits using a rotary punching tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wellbore can be a vertical well, a directional well, a horizontal well, or a high-displacement well.

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