Multifunctional energy dissipation and scour prevention device for downstream of water gate and operation method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a multifunctional energy dissipation and scour prevention device for the downstream of a sluice gate and its operation method. It includes a flow guiding unit comprising a rotating flow guiding pier wall, two automatically retractable flow guiding pier arrays on one side of the rotating flow guiding pier wall, a wing wall flow guiding pier jet array on one side of the rotating flow guiding pier wall, and a central retractable flow guiding pier array on one side of the two automatically retractable flow guiding pier arrays; a scour prevention unit comprising a downstream wing wall of the sluice gate, and a downstream stilling basin apron located at the bottom of the downstream wing wall of the sluice gate; and a measurement unit comprising an upstream water level gauge, a downstream water level gauge on one side of the upstream water level gauge, an upstream flow velocity measuring device on one side of the upstream water level gauge, and a downstream flow velocity measuring device on one side of the downstream water level gauge. The beneficial effects of this invention are that it solves the scour problem of the riverbed and bank slopes downstream of the sluice gate, and improves the overall stability of the downstream area of ​​the sluice gate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy dissipation and scour prevention technology, and in particular to a multifunctional energy dissipation and scour prevention device for the downstream of a sluice gate and its operation method. Background Technology

[0002] In many water conservancy and hydropower projects, downstream scour is a common and unavoidable hazard, making energy dissipation and scour prevention design a key issue. Currently, the conventional approach is to construct stilling basins and revetments downstream to reduce scour on the riverbed and use concrete abutments to enhance the river's scour resistance. However, in addition to energy dissipation and scour prevention facilities in the riverbed, the scour prevention works on both banks of the river should also be emphasized. During the flood season, some sluice gates suffer severe damage to downstream energy dissipation and scour prevention facilities and revetments during flood discharge. This damage is caused by inadequate energy dissipation facilities in the downstream riverbed and on both sides of the river. Therefore, strengthening the scour prevention and energy dissipation facilities on both sides of the river is an important issue that water conservancy projects need to consider. Using concrete abutments to enhance the riverbed's scour resistance is prone to damage such as pitting and cracking under water scour. Once these defects occur, the concrete abutments lose their protective function, ultimately leading to the destruction of the water conservancy facilities. Meanwhile, under the long-term action of water flow, the concrete revetment is prone to uneven settlement due to seepage pressure, which adversely affects the safety of hydraulic facilities. Currently, installing energy dissipation and scour prevention facilities on the downstream revetment of sluice gates is an important protective measure for energy dissipation downstream of the gate. However, there are few facilities that utilize the downstream sides of the sluice gate for energy dissipation and scour prevention. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a practical, reliable, economical, and efficient device that utilizes the slopes on both sides of the revetment to install energy dissipation and collision prevention downstream of the gate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above or prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional energy dissipation and scour prevention device for the downstream of a sluice gate, which can effectively dissipate energy and prevent scour for the downstream of the sluice gate, and is also of great significance for the protection of both banks of the river and the stability of the entire riverbed.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multifunctional energy dissipation and anti-scour device for the downstream of a sluice gate, comprising a flow guiding unit including a rotating flow guiding pier wall, two automatically telescopic flow guiding piers arranged on one side of the rotating flow guiding pier wall, a wing wall flow guiding pier jet array arranged on one side of the rotating flow guiding pier wall, and a middle telescopic flow guiding pier array arranged on one side of the two automatically telescopic flow guiding piers; an anti-scour unit including a downstream wing wall of the sluice gate, and a downstream stilling basin apron arranged at the bottom of the downstream wing wall of the sluice gate; and a measuring unit including an upstream water level gauge, a downstream water level gauge arranged on one side of the upstream water level gauge, an upstream flow velocity measuring device arranged on one side of the upstream water level gauge, and a downstream flow velocity measuring device arranged on one side of the downstream water level gauge.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention for a multifunctional energy dissipation and anti-scour device for downstream of a sluice gate, the rotating guide pier wall includes a double-sided guide pier plate and a rotating power component disposed on one side of the double-sided guide pier plate.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention for a multifunctional energy dissipation and anti-scour device for the downstream of a sluice gate, the automatic telescopic guide piers on both sides include several sets of individual telescopic guide piers, a spring mechanism set on one side of the individual telescopic guide piers, and guide pier holes set on one side of the spring mechanism.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention for a multifunctional energy dissipation and anti-scour device for downstream of a sluice gate, the wing wall guide pier jetter array includes several groups of individual wing wall guide pier jetters, and a jetter water supply assembly disposed on one side of each individual wing wall guide pier jetter.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention for a multifunctional energy dissipation and anti-scour device for the downstream of a sluice gate, the intermediate telescopic guide pier set includes several groups of individual guide piers and remote-controlled telescopic components connected to the individual guide piers.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the multifunctional energy dissipation and anti-scour device for the downstream of a sluice gate according to the present invention, the double-sided guide pier plate comprises a vertical plate, several groups of single inner irregular guide piers disposed on one side of the vertical plate, several groups of single inner water jets disposed at one end of the single inner irregular guide piers, several groups of single outer guide piers disposed on one side of the vertical plate, and several groups of single outer water jets disposed at one end of the single outer guide piers.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention for a multifunctional energy dissipation and anti-scour device for downstream of a sluice gate, the ejector water supply assembly includes an ejector water supply pipeline, an electronic water valve disposed on one side of the ejector water supply pipeline, a water collection tank connected to the electronic water valve, and an automatic water pump connected to the water collection tank; the remote control telescopic component includes an elastic telescopic component and a remote control sliding block connected to the elastic telescopic component.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention for a multifunctional energy dissipation and anti-scour device for downstream of a sluice gate, the rotating power component includes an outer concrete column, a steel rotating rod disposed on one side of the outer concrete column, and a rotating power column connected to the steel rotating rod; the single wing wall guide pier injector includes a guide pier and a single injector disposed on one side of the guide pier.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the multifunctional energy dissipation and anti-scour device for the downstream of a sluice gate according to the present invention, the automatic telescopic guide piers on both sides are consistent with the single irregular inner guide pier on the rotating guide pier wall, and are arranged in an equally spaced cross pattern. The diameter of the single telescopic guide pier is the same as the diameter of the single irregular inner guide pier on the rotating guide pier wall. The guide pier holes in the automatic telescopic guide piers on both sides are set as cylindrical holes with a radius larger than that of the single telescopic guide pier, and a depth equal to the original length of the single telescopic guide pier plus the spring mechanism.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the multifunctional energy dissipation and anti-scour device for downstream applications of sluice gates according to the present invention, wherein: based on the energy dissipation rate The calculation formula is set in the computer, and the algorithm of the energy dissipation rate formula is connected to the data measured by the water level gauges and flow velocity measuring instruments upstream and downstream of the stilling basin for real-time calculation. The device is adjusted according to the real-time data displayed by the computer. At a certain moment, the real-time average energy dissipation rate of the entire device is calculated. When the time is up, the adjustment ends. The specific adjustment method is as follows: reciprocate adjustments from S1 to S4, and S5 is the method for shutting down the device:

[0016] S1: The device remains in its initial state, using only the guide piers at the bottom of the riverbed and the guide piers on both sides of the wing wall for energy dissipation;

[0017] S2: Activate the wing wall jet system to increase the number of jet devices on both wing walls for energy dissipation;

[0018] S3: Activate the rotating guide wall and add guide walls on all four sides of the rotating guide wall to dissipate energy;

[0019] S4: Activate the spray devices on both the inner and outer sides of the rotating guide wall to increase the energy dissipation of the rotating guide wall spray devices;

[0020] S5: When the device does not require energy dissipation, it needs to be shut down.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By setting up a flow guiding unit, an anti-scouring unit and a measuring unit in combination, the present invention effectively solves the problem of scouring of the riverbed and the slope protection on both banks downstream of the sluice gate, improves the overall stability of the downstream of the sluice gate, and adds a layer of protection to the safety of the river channel when the sluice gate is filled with water. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the plan layout of a five-hole gate used as a multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour device downstream of a sluice gate.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-hole gate layout for a multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour device used downstream of a sluice gate.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the S1 operation method for a multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour device used downstream of a sluice gate.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the S2 operation method for a multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour device used downstream of a sluice gate.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the S3 operation method for a multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour device used downstream of a sluice gate.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the S4 operation method for a multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour device used downstream of a sluice gate.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating guide pier wall, which is used as a multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour device downstream of a sluice gate.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating power component of a multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour device used downstream of a sluice gate.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the automatic telescopic guide piers on both sides of the multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour device used downstream of the sluice gate.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a side view of the automatic telescopic guide piers on both sides of the multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour device used downstream of the sluice gate in a compressed state.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the composition of the water jet supply assembly for a multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour device used downstream of a sluice gate.

[0034] Figure 12 An elevation view of the remote-controlled telescopic mechanism of a multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour device used downstream of a sluice gate.

[0035] Figure 13 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of a water level gauge used in a multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour device downstream of a sluice gate.

[0036] Figure 14 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of a flow velocity measuring instrument used in a multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour device downstream of a sluice gate.

[0037] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process of a multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour device used downstream of a sluice gate. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0040] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Reference Figures 1-2 This is the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour device for the downstream of a sluice gate. The device includes a flow guiding unit 100, an anti-scour unit 200 and a measuring unit 300 working together to dissipate energy and prevent scour downstream of the sluice gate. This multi-functional energy dissipation and anti-scour method increases the energy dissipation and anti-scour effect of the overall device and maximizes the energy dissipation and anti-scour effect downstream of the sluice gate.

[0043] Specifically, the flow guiding unit 100 includes a rotating flow guiding wall 101, two sides of automatically retractable flow guiding wall 102 disposed on one side of the rotating flow guiding wall 101, a wing wall flow guiding wall jet array 103 disposed on one side of the rotating flow guiding wall 101, and a middle retractable flow guiding wall 104 disposed on one side of the two sides of automatically retractable flow guiding wall 102.

[0044] The anti-scour unit 200 includes a downstream wing wall 201 of the sluice gate and a downstream stilling basin apron 202 installed at the bottom of the downstream wing wall 201 of the sluice gate.

[0045] The measuring unit 300 includes an upstream water level gauge 301, a downstream water level gauge 302 disposed on one side of the upstream water level gauge 301, an upstream flow velocity measuring device 303 disposed on one side of the upstream water level gauge 301, and a downstream flow velocity measuring device 304 disposed on one side of the downstream water level gauge 302.

[0046] In summary, by combining a flow guiding unit, an anti-scouring unit, and a measuring unit, this invention effectively solves the problem of scouring of the riverbed and the slopes on both banks downstream of the sluice gate, improves the overall stability of the downstream area of ​​the sluice gate, and adds an extra layer of protection to the safety of the river channel when the sluice gate is filled with water.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] Reference Figures 1-2 Examples 7-14 represent the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a multifunctional energy dissipation and anti-scour device for the downstream of a sluice gate. The device includes a flow guiding unit 100, an anti-scour unit 200, and a measuring unit 300 that work together to dissipate energy and prevent scour downstream of the sluice gate. This multifunctional energy dissipation and anti-scour method increases the overall energy dissipation and anti-scour effect of the device, maximizing the energy dissipation and anti-scour effect downstream of the sluice gate.

[0049] Specifically, the flow guiding unit 100 includes a rotating flow guiding wall 101, two sides of automatically retractable flow guiding wall 102 disposed on one side of the rotating flow guiding wall 101, a wing wall flow guiding wall jet array 103 disposed on one side of the rotating flow guiding wall 101, and a middle retractable flow guiding wall 104 disposed on one side of the two sides of automatically retractable flow guiding wall 102.

[0050] The anti-scour unit 200 includes a downstream wing wall 201 of the sluice gate and a downstream stilling basin apron 202 installed at the bottom of the downstream wing wall 201 of the sluice gate.

[0051] The measuring unit 300 includes an upstream water level gauge 301, a downstream water level gauge 302 disposed on one side of the upstream water level gauge 301, an upstream flow velocity measuring device 303 disposed on one side of the upstream water level gauge 301, and a downstream flow velocity measuring device 304 disposed on one side of the downstream water level gauge 302.

[0052] Furthermore, the rotating guide wall 101 includes a double-sided guide plate 101a and a rotating power component 101b disposed on one side of the double-sided guide plate 101a. The rotating guide wall 101 is a guide wall that can rotate 90 degrees in the downstream stilling basin apron 202. Guide piers are arranged on both the inner and outer sides. Its main function is that when the water flows downstream of the sluice gate, the water flows back and forth between the guide piers through the rotating guide wall 101 to form vortices, which consume the kinetic energy of the water flow and thus dissipate energy. The state is adjusted according to the change of the energy dissipation rate of the device.

[0053] Furthermore, the automatic telescopic guide pier set 102 on both sides includes several sets of individual telescopic guide piers 102a, a spring mechanism 102b disposed on one side of the individual telescopic guide pier 102a, and a guide pier hole 102c disposed on one side of the spring mechanism 102b.

[0054] Preferably, when the water flows downstream of the sluice gate, it can create vortices by colliding back and forth between the individual telescopic guide piers 102a as it passes over the automatic telescopic guide piers 102 on both sides, thus dissipating the kinetic energy of the water flow. Simultaneously, it can also cooperate with the rotating guide pier wall 101 during flood discharge conditions. Because a spring mechanism 102b is arranged below it, when the rotating guide pier wall 101 rotates to touch the automatic telescopic guide piers 102 on both sides, it continues to rotate, activating the spring mechanism. 102b is compressed so that the automatic telescopic guide piers 102 on both sides enter the guide pier holes 102c. When the automatic telescopic guide piers 102 on both sides are completely inside the guide pier holes 102c, the rotating guide pier wall 101 continues to rotate until each individual inner irregular guide pier 101a-2 is completely inside the guide pier holes 102c. At this time, the rotating guide pier wall 101 is completely in contact with the downstream apron 202 and does not affect the flow downstream of the sluice gate.

[0055] Furthermore, the wing wall guide vane jet array 103 includes several groups of individual wing wall guide vane jets 103a, and a jet water supply assembly 103b disposed on one side of an individual wing wall guide vane jet 103a.

[0056] Furthermore, the intermediate telescopic guide pier set 104 includes several groups of individual guide piers 104a, and remote-controlled telescopic components 104b connected to the individual guide piers 104a.

[0057] Preferably, the intermediate telescopic guide pier set 104 is a vertically movable guide pier set arranged corresponding to the central opening of the sluice gate. Its main function is to dissipate energy by having the water flow collide back and forth in the middle of the guide pier set when the water flows downstream of the sluice gate. At the same time, it can be retracted downwards below the apron during maintenance without affecting maintenance. It consists of several individual guide piers 104a and remote-controlled telescopic components 104b. Each individual guide pier 104a is a cylindrical concrete structure, and its size and range are consistent with the size and range of the automatic telescopic guide pier sets 102 on both sides. The remote-controlled telescopic components 104b are installed below it.

[0058] Furthermore, the double-sided guide pier 101a includes a vertical plate 101a-1, several groups of individual inner irregular guide piers 101a-2 disposed on one side of the vertical plate 101a-1, several groups of individual inner water jets 101a-3 disposed at one end of the individual inner irregular guide piers 101a-2, several groups of individual outer guide piers 101a-4 disposed on one side of the vertical plate 101a-1, and several groups of individual outer water jets disposed at one end of the individual outer guide piers 101a-4, forming a 101a-5. Its function is to dissipate energy downstream of the sluice gate using the guide piers and the side-flow jets of the water flow. The individual outer guide piers 101a-4 are guide pier collection devices arranged corresponding to the individual inner irregular guide piers 101a-2, and their function is to dissipate energy and prevent scouring of the incoming flow. The single outer water jet 3ae is a water spraying device with a rotatable nozzle. Its material and size are the same as those of the single inner water jet 101a-3. It is arranged inside the single outer guide pier 101a-4 to prevent the water flow from scouring the nozzle.

[0059] Preferably, the individual inner water jet 101a-3 is a water spraying device with a rotatable nozzle, arranged inside the individual inner irregular guide pier 101a-2 to prevent the water flow from scouring the nozzle. Its outlet pipe has a diameter of 5cm and is made of steel. Its function is to use a side-flow jet to impact the upstream flow of the sluice gate, with its direction at 90° to the upstream flow. The jetted water impacts the downstream flow, forming a transverse vortex, thereby dissipating the energy of the water flow. Simultaneously, the side-flow jet can also reduce the scouring of the downstream riverbed and remove some of the riverbed sediment.

[0060] Preferably, each individual inner irregular guide pier 101a-2 is an irregular guide pier formed by cutting a cylindrical guide pier at a 45° angle from the centerline of its top surface. The purpose of this cutting is to ensure that each irregular guide pier fully enters the guide pier hole 102c during the rotation process to fit against the downstream apron of the sluice gate, without any jamming or obstruction, and without affecting the flow. Holes with a diameter of 0.6m and a depth of 0.4m are provided on the guide pier to house water jets. The height of each row of inner irregular guide piers is designed to ensure that they do not affect complete entry into the guide pier holes during rotation, and the diameter is set to 1m.

[0061] Furthermore, the injector water supply assembly 103b includes an injector water supply pipeline 103b-1, an electronic water valve 103b-2 disposed on one side of the injector water supply pipeline 103b-1, a water collection tank 103b-3 connected to the electronic water valve 103b-2, and an automatic water pump 103b-4 connected to the water collection tank 103b-3; the remote control telescopic component 104b includes an elastic telescopic component 104b-1 and a remote control sliding block 104b-2 connected to the elastic telescopic component 104b-1.

[0062] Preferably, the remote-controlled sliding block 104b-2 is operated from the control console to move the guide pier to the center side, thereby causing the elastic telescopic member 104b-1 to narrow laterally. Since the members of the elastic telescopic member 104b-1 are hinged in the middle, it grows vertically, causing the guide pier to move upward. The downward sliding position is the opposite.

[0063] Preferably, the individual inner water jet 101a-3 is a water spraying device with a rotatable nozzle, arranged inside the irregular inner guide pier to prevent water flow from scouring the jet nozzle. Its outlet pipe has a diameter of 5cm and is made of steel. Its function is to use a jet stream to impact the upstream flow of the sluice gate, with its direction at 90° to the upstream flow. The jet stream impacts the downstream flow, forming a transverse vortex, thereby dissipating energy. Simultaneously, it reduces the scouring of the downstream riverbed by the downstream flow and removes some of the riverbed sediment.

[0064] Furthermore, the rotating power component 101b includes an outer concrete column 101b-1, a steel rotating rod 101b-2 disposed on one side of the outer concrete column 101b-1, and a rotating power column 101b-3 connected to the steel rotating rod 101b-2; the single wing wall guide vane injector 103a includes a guide vane 103a-1 and a single injector 103a-2 disposed on one side of the guide vane 103a-1.

[0065] Preferably, the rotating power component 101b is an automatic rotating mechanism that can rotate 90° back and forth when energized, controlling the rotation of the rotating guide pier. The steel rotating rod 101b-2 is the main fixed structure of the rotating power device to ensure the stability of the overall structure. The single jet 103a-2 impacts the upstream flow of the sluice gate with a lateral jet, its direction forming a 90° angle with the upstream flow. The jetted water impacts the downstream flow, forming a transverse vortex, thereby dissipating the energy of the water flow. At the same time, the lateral jet can also reduce the scouring of the downstream riverbed and remove some of the riverbed sediment. The single jet 103a-2 operates together with the single inner water jet 101a-3. The rotation angle of the single jet 103a-2 is adjusted according to the energy dissipation effect, so that it performs lateral jetting below the downstream water level, forming a submerged jet and ensuring minimal atomization impact. The horizontal range, vertical height, and number of the single jet 103a-2 are consistent with the inner irregular guide piers in the rotating guide pier wall 101.

[0066] Furthermore, the automatic telescopic guide piers 102 on both sides are consistent with the single inner irregular guide piers 101a-2 on the rotating guide pier wall 101, and are arranged in an equally spaced cross pattern. The diameter of a single telescopic guide pier 102a is the same as the diameter of a single inner irregular guide pier 101a-2 on the rotating guide pier wall 101. The guide pier holes 102c in the automatic telescopic guide piers 102 on both sides are set as cylindrical holes with a radius larger than that of a single telescopic guide pier 102a, and a depth equal to the original length of a single telescopic guide pier 102a plus the spring mechanism 102b.

[0067] It should be noted that the length of the rotating guide wall 101 in the direction of water flow is... (L - length of the downstream apron of the sluice gate, in meters); the width in the direction perpendicular to the water flow is the same as the width of the gate openings on both sides; the height in the direction perpendicular to the water flow is 1.05H (H - height of the highest water level, in meters); the length of the rotating guide wall 11 is 10m and the height is 9.5m. Six rows of irregular guide walls are arranged at equal intervals on it. The diameter of each irregular guide wall is 1m. According to the calculation, the length of the first row is selected from bottom to top as 0.9m, the length of the second to fourth rows is 0.8m, the length of the fifth row is 0.7m, and the length of the sixth row is 0.5m. In actual projects, the length of the irregular guide wall can be set according to the ratio of the length of the irregular guide wall to the height of the rotating guide wall 101 in this data.

[0068] The water supply pipeline 103b-1 for the jet jets is made of PPR water pipe, which has good durability. During installation, holes are drilled in the downstream wing wall 201 of the sluice gates on both banks to connect to the bottom of the water collection tank 103b-3 on both banks. The water collection tank 103b-3 is a hard plastic cylindrical barrel with a diameter of 2m and a height of 3m. The bottom of the barrel is connected to the water supply pipeline 103b-1 for the jet jets and is equipped with an electronic water valve 103b-2, which is opened when the jet jet array 103 on the wing wall guide pier is running. The automatic water pump 103b-4 can pump water from the river into the water collection tank 103b-3. A float is installed in the water collection tank 103b-3. When the water level in the water collection tank 103b-3 is lower than 1m, the automatic water pump 103b-4 can automatically pump water into the water collection tank 103b-3.

[0069] Upstream water level gauge 301 and downstream water level gauge 302 are pressure water level gauges placed on the bottom of the riverbed upstream and downstream of the device. One water level gauge is placed at each sluice gate upstream and downstream of the device, for a total of three gauges, positioned 0.5m from the device. These gauges are used to measure the average water level upstream and downstream of the device, thereby calculating the real-time average energy dissipation rate. Upstream velocity measuring device 303 and downstream velocity measuring device 304 are placed on the bottom of the riverbed upstream and downstream of the device, respectively, with an average spacing of one gauge every 2m. Six velocity measuring devices are placed at equal intervals upstream of the device, and seven are placed downstream of the device, all at a distance of [missing information]. (H - downstream water level of the sluice gate, m; D - width of the sluice gate chamber, m; L - length of the device, m), the unit is m. The upstream and downstream flow velocity measuring device is used to measure the average flow velocity upstream and downstream of the device, which is used to calculate the real-time energy dissipation rate.

[0070] In summary, this invention utilizes a combination of guide piers and side-jet flow from both banks to dissipate energy and prevent scour downstream of the sluice gate. This multi-functional energy dissipation and scour prevention method enhances the overall energy dissipation and scour prevention effect of the device, maximizing the energy dissipation and scour prevention effect downstream of the sluice gate. The rotating guide pier wall can rotate according to the operating conditions, effectively exerting its energy dissipation and scour prevention effect during use, and will not affect the flow downstream of the sluice gate when not in use. At the same time, it also has a certain anti-scour effect on the riverbed.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] Reference Figures 1-15 This is the third embodiment of the present invention, which provides a method for operating a multifunctional energy dissipation and anti-scour device for the downstream of a sluice gate, comprising five steps of the operation method.

[0073] Specifically, based on the energy dissipation rate The calculation formula is set in the computer, and the algorithm of the energy dissipation rate formula is connected to the data measured by the water level gauges and flow velocity measuring instruments upstream and downstream of the stilling basin for real-time calculation. The device is adjusted according to the real-time data displayed by the computer. At a certain moment, the real-time average energy dissipation rate of the entire device is calculated. When the time is up, the adjustment ends; the specific adjustment method is to perform reciprocating adjustments from S1 to S4 as follows, and S5 is the method for shutting down the device:

[0074] S1: The device remains in its initial state, using only the guide piers at the bottom of the riverbed and the guide piers on both sides of the wing wall for energy dissipation;

[0075] S2: Activate the wing wall jet system to increase the number of jet devices on both wing walls for energy dissipation;

[0076] S3: Activate the rotating guide wall and add guide walls on all four sides of the rotating guide wall to dissipate energy;

[0077] S4: Activate the spray devices on both the inner and outer sides of the rotating guide wall to increase the energy dissipation of the rotating guide wall spray devices;

[0078] S5: When the device does not need to dissipate energy, it needs to be stopped.

[0079] During steps S1 to S4, the water flow state changes continuously, and the overall device is adjusted according to the above steps to achieve the energy dissipation effect. This invention uses the real-time average energy dissipation rate of the entire device. As the primary basis for adjustment, a threshold is assumed. This threshold should be selected based on the actual project requirements, and can be between 30% and 40%.

[0080] The water flow is considered as a constant uniform flow, and the interception is... , cross section, This is the section downstream of the sluice gate and upstream of the stilling basin. For the downstream section of the stilling basin, the average energy dissipation rate is... The calculation formula is:

[0081] In the formula: Let t be the energy of the fluid flowing into the energy dissipation facility per unit time. ;

[0082] Let be the energy of the fluid flowing out of the energy dissipation facility per unit time at time t. ;

[0083] for The location head of the cross-section, in meters, depends on... Location of the cross-section, in meters (m); for The pressure head of the cross section depends on its magnitude. Location of the cross-section, in meters (m);

[0084] for The pressure head at the cross-section, in meters (m), is obtained by averaging the real-time water levels measured by three level gauges located upstream of the device.

[0085] for The pressure head at the cross-section, in meters, is obtained by averaging the real-time water levels measured by three water level gauges located downstream of the device.

[0086] for Average flow head at the cross-section, in meters (m). It is the average value of the real-time flow velocity measured by several flow velocity measuring devices 10 arranged upstream of the device. Set the value to 1.0;

[0087] for Average flow head at the cross-section, in meters (m). It is the average value of the real-time flow velocity measured by several flow velocity measuring devices 11 arranged downstream of the device. Set the value to 1.0;

[0088] The computer is configured with this formula algorithm, and connected to data measured by water level gauges and flow velocity meters upstream and downstream of the stilling basin for real-time calculation. The device is adjusted based on the real-time average energy dissipation rate displayed on the computer, including reciprocating adjustments in steps one through four, adjusting the number of jet rows and the jet velocity of the jetting device. At a certain moment, the real-time average energy dissipation rate of the entire device is... When that time comes, the adjustment ends.

[0089] In its initial state, the device's operating mode does not need to be changed. The operating principle in this state is as follows: the incoming flow from upstream passes through the device, and guide piers are installed on the aprons corresponding to the gate openings. As the water flows past these guide piers, it collides back and forth between them, forming vortices that dissipate the kinetic energy of the water flow, thus reducing scouring of the riverbed. Simultaneously, guide piers are also installed on both sides of the wing walls to dissipate energy from the water flow impacting the edges, removing some residual energy and contributing to the overall stability of the riverbed.

[0090] The single wing-wall guide pier jet 103a is activated from the initial state to dissipate energy. The number of jet streams is controlled below the water surface to form a submerged jet, reducing atomization. At the same time, the flow rate of the jet stream can also be adjusted. The jet emits a side jet to impact the incoming flow upstream of the sluice gate. Its direction is 90° with the incoming flow upstream of the sluice gate. The impact with the incoming flow forms a transverse vortex, which dissipates the energy of the water flow and prevents scouring. The water vortex formed continuously collides and rolls between the guide piers at the bottom of the riverbed, achieving further energy dissipation.

[0091] The rotating power component 101b is activated, thereby driving the rotating guide wall 101 to rotate 90° until it is perpendicular to the stilling basin apron 202 downstream of the sluice gate. As the individual irregular inner guide piers 101a-2 in the rotating guide wall 101 leave the stilling basin apron 2 downstream of the sluice gate, the spring mechanism 102b begins to return to its original length. Finally, all the automatically retractable guide piers 102 on both sides stand on the stilling basin apron 202 downstream of the sluice gate. At this time, based on the initial state, the four guide piers of the rotating guide wall 101 are added to dissipate energy on the sides. The added guide piers have a certain height. Compared with the above two steps, it can not only dissipate energy of the water flow at the bottom of the riverbed, but also has a certain effect on dissipating energy of the upper water flow. Combined with the jets 5ab on both sides, the energy dissipation effect is better. At the same time, the guide piers on both wing walls dissipate energy of the water flow that crashes to the edges on both sides, eliminating some of the residual energy, which is conducive to the overall stability of the riverbed.

[0092] Energy dissipation is achieved by activating a single inner water jet injector 101a-3 and a single outer guide pier 101a-4. The number of jet streams is controlled below the water surface to reduce atomization, and the flow rate of the jet streams can also be adjusted. The injectors emit a transverse jet that impacts the upstream flow of the sluice gate. The jet stream is at a 90° angle to the upstream flow of the sluice gate, and the impact with the upstream flow forms a transverse vortex, which dissipates the energy of the water flow and prevents scouring. Combined with the water flow ejected by the single wing wall guide pier injector 103a, the resulting water vortex continuously collides and rolls between the rotating guide pier wall 101 and the two sides of the automatic telescopic guide pier set 102, achieving further energy dissipation. The rotating guide pier wall 101 and the two sides of the automatic telescopic guide pier set 102 themselves have a good energy dissipation effect on the downstream water flow of the sluice gate. This device design has a better energy dissipation and scouring effect.

[0093] When the device is not required to dissipate energy, it needs to be shut down. First, the operator needs to shut down the individual inner water jet 101a-3, the individual outer guide pier 101a-4, and the individual wing wall guide pier jet 103a. After all the side jets are shut down, the rotating guide pier wall 101 is rotated 90°. During this rotation, the spring mechanism 102b is compressed, causing the two automatically retractable guide piers 102 to press into the downstream stilling basin apron 202. The rotating guide pier wall 101 then fits into the downstream stilling basin apron 202. Finally, the power is turned off, and the device is completely shut down.

[0094] In summary, this invention utilizes a combination of guide piers and side-jet streams from both banks to dissipate energy and prevent scour downstream of the sluice gate. This multi-functional energy dissipation and scour prevention method enhances the overall energy dissipation and scour prevention effect of the device, maximizing the energy dissipation and scour prevention downstream of the sluice gate. It effectively solves the scour problem of the riverbed and bank slopes downstream of the sluice gate, improves the overall stability of the downstream of the sluice gate, and adds an extra layer of protection to the safety of the river channel when the sluice gate is filled.

[0095] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape, and proportions of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent in structure. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0096] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode of carrying out the invention as currently considered, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may be omitted.

[0097] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0098] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional energy dissipation and anti-scour device for use downstream of a sluice gate, characterized in that: include, The flow guiding unit (100) includes a rotating flow guiding wall (101), two sides of automatically telescopic flow guiding wall (102) disposed on one side of the rotating flow guiding wall (101), a wing wall flow guiding wall jet array (103) disposed on one side of the rotating flow guiding wall (101), and a middle telescopic flow guiding wall (104) disposed on one side of the two sides of automatically telescopic flow guiding wall (102). The anti-scour unit (200) includes a downstream wing wall (201) of the sluice gate and a downstream stilling basin apron (202) disposed at the bottom of the downstream wing wall (201) of the sluice gate. The two-sided automatic telescopic guide piers (102) are located at the bottom of the riverbed on both sides of the downstream channel of the sluice gate, the middle telescopic guide piers (104) are located at the bottom of the riverbed in the middle of the downstream channel of the sluice gate, and the wing wall guide pier jet array (103) is located on the downstream wing wall (201) of the sluice gate on both sides; the rotating guide pier (101) is a guide pier that can rotate 90 degrees on the downstream stilling basin apron (202); The measuring unit (300) includes an upstream water level gauge (301), a downstream water level gauge (302) disposed on one side of the upstream water level gauge (301), an upstream flow velocity measuring device (303) disposed on one side of the upstream water level gauge (301), and a downstream flow velocity measuring device (304) disposed on one side of the downstream water level gauge (302). The automatic telescopic guide pier set (102) on both sides includes several sets of individual telescopic guide piers (102a), a spring mechanism (102b) disposed on one side of the individual telescopic guide pier (102a), and a guide pier hole (102c) disposed on one side of the spring mechanism (102b). The rotating guide wall (101) includes a double-sided guide plate (101a) and a rotating power component (101b) disposed on one side of the double-sided guide plate (101a), wherein the rotating power component (101b) is disposed in the direction of water flow.

2. The multifunctional energy dissipation and anti-scour device for downstream of a sluice gate as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The wing wall guide vane jet array (103) includes several groups of individual wing wall guide vane jets (103a) and a jet water supply assembly (103b) disposed on one side of the individual wing wall guide vane jets (103a).

3. The multi-functional energy-dissipating scour-preventing device for downstream of a water gate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The intermediate telescopic guide pier set (104) includes several groups of individual guide piers (104a) and remote-controlled telescopic components (104b) connected to the individual guide piers (104a).

4. The multi-functional energy-dissipating scour-preventing device for downstream of a water gate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The double-sided guide vane plate (101a) comprises a vertical plate (101a-1), several groups of individual inner irregular guide vanes (101a-2) disposed on one side of the vertical plate (101a-1), several groups of individual inner water jets (101a-3) disposed at one end of the individual inner irregular guide vanes (101a-2), several groups of individual outer guide vanes (101a-4) disposed on the other side of the vertical plate (101a-1), and several groups of individual outer water jets disposed at one end of the individual outer guide vanes (101a-4). (101a-5); When the rotating guide wall (101) rotates to touch the automatic telescopic guide wall sets (102) on both sides, the rotation continues to compress the spring mechanism (102b), so that the automatic telescopic guide wall sets (102) on both sides enter the guide wall hole (102c). When the automatic telescopic guide wall sets (102) on both sides are just fully entered into the guide wall hole (102c), the rotating guide wall (101) continues to rotate until each individual inner irregular guide wall (101a-2) is fully entered into the guide wall hole (102c).

5. The multi-functional energy-dissipating scour-preventing device for downstream of a water gate according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The injector water supply assembly (103b) includes an injector water supply pipeline (103b-1), an electronic water valve (103b-2) disposed on one side of the injector water supply pipeline (103b-1), a water collection tank (103b-3) connected to the electronic water valve (103b-2), and an automatic water pump (103b-4) connected to the water collection tank (103b-3); the remote control telescopic component (104b) includes an elastic telescopic component (104b-1) and a remote control sliding block (104b-2) connected to the elastic telescopic component (104b-1).

6. The multi-functional energy dissipating and scour protecting device for downstream of a water gate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating power component (101b) includes an outer concrete column (101b-1), a steel rotating rod (101b-2) disposed on one side of the outer concrete column (101b-1), and a rotating power column (101b-3) connected to the steel rotating rod (101b-2); the single wing wall guide vane injector (103a) includes a guide vane (103a-1) and a single injector (103a-2) disposed on one side of the guide vane (103a-1).

7. The multi-functional energy-dissipating scour-preventing device for downstream of a water gate according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: The automatic telescopic guide piers (102) on both sides are consistent with the single inner irregular guide piers (101a-2) on the rotating guide pier wall (101), and are arranged in an equally spaced cross pattern. The diameter of the single telescopic guide pier (102a) is the same as the diameter of the single inner irregular guide pier (101a-2) on the rotating guide pier wall (101). The guide pier holes (102c) in the automatic telescopic guide piers (102) on both sides are set as cylindrical holes with a radius larger than that of the single telescopic guide pier (102a) and a depth equal to the original length of the single telescopic guide pier (102a) plus the spring mechanism (102b).

8. A method for operating a multifunctional energy-dissipation and scour-prevention device downstream of a water lock, characterized in that: Includes the multifunctional energy dissipation and anti-scour device for the downstream of a sluice gate as described in claim 7; as well as, According to energy dissipation rate The calculation formula is set in the computer, and the algorithm of the energy dissipation rate formula is connected to the data measured by the water level gauges and flow velocity measuring instruments upstream and downstream of the stilling basin for real-time calculation. The device is adjusted according to the real-time data displayed by the computer. At a certain moment, the real-time average energy dissipation rate of the entire device is calculated. When the time is up, the adjustment ends; the specific adjustment method is to perform reciprocating adjustments from S1 to S4 as follows, and S5 is the method for shutting down the device: S1: The device remains in its initial state, using only the guide piers at the bottom of the riverbed and the guide piers on both sides of the wing wall for energy dissipation; S2: Activate the wing wall jet system to increase the number of jet devices on both wing walls for energy dissipation; S3: Activate the rotating guide wall and add guide walls on all four sides of the rotating guide wall to dissipate energy; S4: Activate the spray devices on both the inner and outer sides of the rotating guide wall to increase the energy dissipation of the rotating guide wall spray devices; S5: When the device does not need to dissipate energy, it needs to be stopped.

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