Double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic structure system and construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a double-ball hinge support beam-column seismic structural system and construction method, in which: the bottom of the steel beam is fixedly connected to the steel beam support; an equal-sized bowl-shaped protrusion is provided at the center position of the lower surface of the steel beam support; the support top plate is installed at the top of the steel column; the bowl-shaped protrusion of the steel beam support is provided in the bowl-shaped groove of the support top plate; the stiffening plate is provided at the intersection of the top of the steel column and the lower end of the support top plate; a steel pad is provided at the bottom of the steel column, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the concrete pier through the steel pad; the lower surface of the concrete pier is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the seismic spherical hinge; the seismic spherical hinge is installed in the groove on the upper surface of the concrete pedestal; a shock-absorbing rubber pad with a middle opening is also provided between the seismic spherical hinge and the concrete pedestal. The present invention adopts a double-ball hinge support for connection, which can resist displacement in any direction caused by seismic loads. At the same time, the shock-absorbing rubber pad also absorbs part of the seismic load and reduces structural displacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of earthquake-resistant technology for housing construction in earthquake zones, and in particular to a double-spherical hinge support beam-column earthquake-resistant structural system and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society, the scope of the construction industry has become increasingly broad, with various buildings and structures appearing across the country. When buildings and structures are located in seismic zones, various vibration-damping and seismic isolation measures are implemented to protect the safety of users and mitigate the destructive effects of earthquakes. Common methods include using high-strength materials to enhance the rigidity of the structure and increasing the size of load-bearing components.

[0003] The present invention studies the earthquake-resistant construction method using steel beams and columns as load-bearing components. As we all know, the most commonly used methods for connecting steel structural components are bolt connection, welding, etc., but these connection methods are all rigid connections. Using rigid connections to resist earthquake damage is already a relatively traditional and backward construction technology, and there is no guarantee that the building structure can withstand the effects of earthquakes. Compared with rigid connections, the use of flexible connections to resist earthquake damage is becoming an increasingly popular trend in construction, but current construction technology cannot well apply this connection method.

[0004] To address these issues, the present invention has developed a double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic structural system and construction method. This system changes the load-bearing component connection method and employs seismic-resistant and seismic-isolating materials and components. This system is practical and can be well applied in actual projects. It reduces the difficulty of manual handling operations, effectively reduces the input of materials, manpower, and machinery, saves costs, and ensures safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic resistant structural system and a construction method thereof in response to the defects in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] The present invention provides a double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic structural system, which includes a steel beam arranged at the top and a concrete cap arranged at the bottom, as well as a steel beam support, a shock-absorbing rubber pad, a supporting top plate, a stiffening plate, a steel column, a steel pad, a concrete pier, and a seismic spherical hinge arranged between the steel beam and the concrete cap; wherein:

[0008] The bottom of the steel beam is fixedly connected to the steel beam support; a bowl-shaped depression is provided at the center of the upper surface of the steel beam support, and an equal-sized bowl-shaped protrusion is provided at the corresponding position at the center of the lower surface; the center of the shock-absorbing rubber pad is opened; the support top plate is installed at the top of the steel column, and a bowl-shaped groove is provided on its upper surface, which is larger than the bowl-shaped protrusion at the center of the lower surface of the steel beam support; the bowl-shaped protrusion of the steel beam support passes through the center opening of the shock-absorbing rubber pad and is provided in the bowl-shaped groove of the support top plate, so that the steel beam support and the support top plate are connected to each other; the stiffening plate is provided at the intersection of the top of the steel column and the lower end of the support top plate, and the support top plate is reinforced and supported by the stiffening plate;

[0009] A steel pad is provided at the bottom of the steel column, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the concrete pier through the steel pad; the lower surface of the concrete pier is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the seismic spherical joint; the seismic spherical joint is made of metal material, and the upper part is in the shape of a rectangular plane, on which a steel bar with an elbow is provided, and the steel bar with an elbow is extended into the concrete pier to strengthen the fixing effect. The lower part is a hemispherical structure, which is installed in the groove on the upper surface of the concrete pedestal; a shock-absorbing rubber pad with an opening in the middle is also provided between the seismic spherical joint and the concrete pedestal.

[0010] Furthermore, the steel beam of the present invention is placed horizontally using an I-beam, and holes are opened on the lower flanges at both ends of the steel beam, and the steel beam is connected to the steel beam support through connecting bolts passing through the holes.

[0011] Furthermore, the steel beam support of the present invention is a rectangular cover-shaped metal component with a lifting ring provided on the outer side of the long side, and an elastic steel cable hung on the lifting ring. The steel cable support supports the steel beam on the upper side and is installed on the supporting top plate on the lower side.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic steel cable of the present invention is a metal steel cable with a certain elasticity, the upper end of which is symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the long side of the steel beam support along the central axis of the long side of the steel beam support, and the lower end is connected to the connecting ring provided on the stiffening plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the shock-absorbing rubber pad of the present invention is made of a flexible rubber material.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper surface of the supporting top plate of the present invention is as large as the lower surface area of ​​the steel beam support and is made of thickened steel plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the connecting ring of the present invention is located outside the stiffening plate and is a metal ring.

[0016] Furthermore, the steel base plate of the present invention is provided with bolt holes, and the connecting bolts pass through the bolt holes to be fixedly connected to the concrete pier.

[0017] The present invention provides a construction method for a double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic structural system, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Substructure formation: After the foundation is completed, the concrete cap on top of the foundation is reinforced and the formwork is sealed. A line is drawn along the diagonal line on the upper surface of the concrete cap to determine the center position. A metal bowl-shaped component is embedded in the center position and concrete is poured. After the concrete solidifies, the formwork is removed and the concrete inside the metal bowl-shaped component is cleaned.

[0019] Install the shock-absorbing rubber pad: according to the size of the upper surface of the concrete cap, cut out the rubber pad material of the corresponding size, and use a compass to draw a circle at the center of the circle with the same size as the metal bowl-shaped component on the upper surface of the concrete cap. Then use a hot melt machine to process the corresponding bowl-shaped protrusion. After cooling, install the shock-absorbing rubber pad on the concrete cap according to the corresponding position, ensuring that the bowl-shaped protrusion of the shock-absorbing rubber pad is embedded in the metal bowl-shaped component on the upper surface of the concrete cap;

[0020] Install the seismic ball joint: The upper part of the seismic ball joint is made of steel plate, with the length and width dimensions equal to the upper surface of the concrete cap. The lower part is made of a hemispherical metal component that is smaller than the metal bowl-shaped component on the upper surface of the concrete cap. The upper and lower parts are welded together to ensure stability. Install the seismic ball joint on top of the shock-absorbing rubber pad with the long and short sides in the same direction as the long and short sides of the concrete cap, ensuring that the lower part of the seismic ball joint is embedded in the groove of the shock-absorbing rubber pad.

[0021] Make concrete piers: Prop up formwork at a certain height on the four sides of the upper part of the anti-seismic ball joint. Weld steel bars with hooks to the metal plate on the upper part of the anti-seismic ball joint, and tie a steel cage inside to ensure that the hooks and the steel cage are tightly embedded. Finally, pour concrete to form the concrete pier. After the concrete solidifies, remove the formwork and clean the upper surface to ensure it is level and flat.

[0022] Installing steel columns: After pouring the concrete pier, drill holes at corresponding positions on the steel pads according to the bolt sleeve positions on the upper surface of the concrete pier. Use steel wire ropes to suspend the steel columns, and then use lifting machinery to lift the steel columns. After aligning the connection holes of the steel pads with the bolt sleeve positions on the upper surface of the concrete pier, first install washers on the connection holes, then place two nuts, and then insert the connection bolts. Tighten the connection bolts with a torque wrench. During the installation process, use a total station and a laser to calibrate the verticality of the steel column. After the verticality meets the requirements, tighten the connection bolts and finally loosen the wire rope that suspends the steel column.

[0023] Install the upper components: After the steel column is installed, cut and process the shock-absorbing rubber pad according to the size and structure of the supporting top plate at the top of the steel column according to the same principle and install it in place; then put the steel beam support on top of the shock-absorbing rubber pad, and ensure that the bowl-shaped protrusion in the center of the lower surface of the steel beam support is embedded in the bowl-shaped groove of the shock-absorbing rubber pad, and at the same time, the bowl-shaped part of the shock-absorbing rubber pad is embedded in the bowl-shaped groove of the supporting top plate, then pass the elastic steel cable through the connecting ring on the stiffening plate and fix it; finally, align the connecting hole on the lower flange of the steel beam with the connecting hole on the upper surface of the steel beam support, insert the connecting bolt into the connecting hole, tighten the connecting bolt with a torque wrench to complete the connection of the steel beam.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: providing a double-ball hinge support beam-column seismic resistant structural system and construction method, using ball hinge supports at the connection between the steel column and the foundation pedestal, and using the spherical structure of the ball hinge support to resist displacement in any direction caused by the seismic load. The ball hinge support is also protected by a shock-absorbing rubber pad to extend the service life. At the same time, the rubber material can also absorb energy, offset part of the seismic load, and reduce the displacement of the steel column. In addition, the ball hinge support and the shock-absorbing rubber pad are used again at the connection between the steel column and the steel beam, which more than doubles the seismic resistance effect. The elastic steel cable ensures that the steel beam will not overturn even if it is subjected to a large seismic load. The following advantages are also specified:

[0025] (1) The components used in the present invention can be prefabricated in the factory in advance through in-depth design of drawings combined with BIM models, and then assembled on site. The construction is flexible and convenient, and compared with the construction of concrete components of the same size, a lot of labor is saved, costs are reduced, and construction time is shortened.

[0026] (2) The present invention adopts a double ball hinge support connection method applied to the foundation of the steel column 9 and the connection between the steel beam 1 and the steel column 9, which improves the seismic effect by at least two times compared with the traditional seismic resistance method that only applies the seismic resistance method at the beam-column node or the foundation.

[0027] (3) The double-ball hinge support used in the present invention is a flexible earthquake-resistant method. Since its spherical structure is evenly stressed, it can resist the directional uncertainty displacement caused by earthquake loads and ensure structural safety.

[0028] (4) The shock-absorbing rubber pad 5 used in the present invention can not only reduce the friction between metal components and extend the service life of the components, but also consume part of the earthquake load through the soft nature of the rubber material itself, reduce the impact of the earthquake load on the building structure, and improve the structural safety.

[0029] (5) The elastic steel cable 4 used in the present invention ensures the stability of the connection between the steel beam support 3 and the lower steel column 9, ensuring that the steel beam 1 will not overturn even if it is subjected to a large earthquake load.

[0030] (7) The construction method of the present invention is easy to operate, has high construction efficiency, requires little equipment and personnel, saves costs and is highly safe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a double-spherical hinge support seismic beam-column structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the double ball joint support seismic beam column structure of the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the double ball joint support seismic beam column structure of the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic structural system of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a steel beam 1, a connecting bolt 2, a steel beam support 3, an elastic steel cable 4, a shock-absorbing rubber pad 5, a support top plate 6, a connecting ring 7, a stiffening plate 8, a steel column 9, a steel pad 10, a concrete pier 11, a seismic spherical hinge 12, and a concrete cap 13; wherein:

[0037] The steel beam 1 is one of the load-bearing components of the building structure. It is generally placed horizontally using an I-beam, with holes opened on the lower flanges at both ends for the connection bolts to pass through;

[0038] The connecting bolts 2 are high-strength bolts used to connect and fix the steel beams and steel beam supports, and the steel pads and concrete piers;

[0039] The steel beam support 3 is a rectangular cover-shaped metal component with a bowl-shaped depression in the center of the upper surface and a bowl-shaped protrusion of the same size in the corresponding position of the lower surface center. There is a lifting ring on the outer side of the long side, and an elastic steel cable is hung on the lifting ring. The steel beam support supports the steel beam on the upper side and is installed on the supporting top plate on the lower side.

[0040] The elastic steel cable 4 is a metal steel cable with a certain degree of elasticity. The upper end is symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the long side of the steel beam support along the central axis of the long side of the steel beam support, and the lower end is connected to the connecting ring on the stiffening plate to make the connection between the upper structure and the lower support more stable.

[0041] The shock-absorbing rubber pad 5 is made of a flexible rubber material and can be processed into any shape according to the installation location. On the one hand, it plays a role in reducing the friction of the connecting components, and on the other hand, it plays a role in reducing load transfer and reducing the displacement caused by seismic loads.

[0042] The supporting top plate 6 is installed on the top of the steel column. Its upper surface is as large as the lower surface of the steel beam support. It is made of thickened steel plate. There is a bowl-shaped groove in the center of the upper surface. The size is slightly larger than the bowl-shaped protrusion in the center of the lower surface of the steel beam support. It mainly plays the role of dragging and fixing the steel beam support.

[0043] The connecting ring 7 is located outside the stiffening plate and is a metal ring. Its function is to fix the lower end of the elastic steel cable and make the connection between the upper structure and the lower support more stable.

[0044] The stiffening plate 8 is arranged at the intersection of the top of the steel column and the lower end of the supporting top plate, and its function is to enhance the supporting stability of the supporting top plate;

[0045] The steel column 9 is one of the load-bearing components of the building structure. It adopts an I-shaped steel column arranged perpendicular to the horizontal plane and has the function of supporting and transferring loads.

[0046] The steel plate 10 is set at the bottom of the steel column. Its structure is similar to the flange of the I-beam. Bolt holes are opened on the steel plate for the connection bolts to pass through.

[0047] The concrete pier 11 is a reinforced concrete structure, with the upper end bearing the steel column and upper components. The upper surface is provided with bolt holes for the connection bolts to pass through, and the lower surface is connected and fixed to the upper surface of the earthquake-resistant ball joint;

[0048] The anti-seismic ball joint 12 is made of metal material. The upper part is a rectangular plane with a steel bar with an elbow on the plane, which can be inserted into the concrete pier to strengthen the fixation. The lower part is a hemispherical structure that can be installed in the groove on the surface of the concrete pedestal. The upper and lower parts are connected to form a whole.

[0049] The concrete cap 13 is a reinforced concrete structure, the lower end of which is connected to the (pile) foundation. There is a bowl-shaped metal groove in the center of the upper surface, which is slightly larger than the lower part of the earthquake-resistant ball joint and can accommodate the installation of the lower part of the earthquake-resistant ball joint.

[0050] The construction method of the double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic structural system according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0051] Substructure Formation: After the pile foundation is completed, the concrete cap 13 at the top of the pile foundation is reinforced and sealed with formwork. A line is drawn along the diagonal line on the top surface of the concrete cap 13 to determine its center. A metal bowl-shaped member is embedded in the center (convex side facing downward, concave side facing upward) and concrete is poured. After the concrete solidifies, the formwork is removed and the concrete inside the metal bowl is cleaned. Care is taken to keep the surface of the metal bowl smooth and free of damage or contamination.

[0052] Install the shock-absorbing rubber pad 5: According to the size of the upper surface of the concrete base 13, cut a slightly larger rubber pad material, and use a compass to draw a circle at its center that is the same size as the metal bowl-shaped component on the upper surface of the concrete base 13. Then use a hot melt machine to process the corresponding bowl-shaped protrusion. After cooling, install the shock-absorbing rubber pad 5 on the concrete base 13 according to the corresponding position, ensuring that the bowl-shaped protrusion of the shock-absorbing rubber pad 5 is embedded in the metal bowl-shaped component on the upper surface of the concrete base 13.

[0053] Install the anti-seismic ball joint 12: The upper portion of the anti-seismic ball joint 12 is made of steel plate, with length and width dimensions equal to the upper surface of the concrete cap 13. The lower portion is made of a hemispherical metal component slightly smaller than the metal bowl-shaped component on the upper surface of the concrete cap 13. The upper and lower parts are welded together to ensure stability. Install the anti-seismic ball joint 12 on the shock-absorbing rubber pad 5 with its long and short sides aligned with the long and short sides of the concrete cap 13. Ensure that the lower portion of the anti-seismic ball joint 12 is embedded in the groove of the shock-absorbing rubber pad 5.

[0054] Make the concrete pier 11: prop up the upper long and short sides of the earthquake-resistant ball joint 12 with a template of about 50 cm in height, weld steel bars with hooks on the upper metal plate of the earthquake-resistant ball joint 12, and tie a steel cage inside so that the hook steel bars and the steel cage are tightly embedded. Finally, pour concrete to form the concrete pier. After the concrete solidifies, remove the template, clean the upper surface, and ensure it is level and flat. Note that before pouring the concrete pier 11, it is necessary to pre-embed bolt sleeves around the upper surface to connect the bolts. When pouring concrete, you can use PVC pipes to protect the bolt sleeves from being contaminated by concrete.

[0055] Install the steel column 9: After the concrete pier 11 is poured, holes are drilled at corresponding positions on the steel pad 10 according to the positions of the bolt sleeves on the upper surface of the concrete pier 11. Note that cold processing methods such as laser cutting or mechanical drilling should be used to avoid hot processing methods such as gas cutting that may affect the material properties of the steel pad 10. Use a wire rope to hang the steel column 9, and then slowly lift the steel column 9 using a lifting machine. After aligning the connection holes of the steel pad 10 with the bolt sleeve positions on the upper surface of the concrete pier 11, first install a washer on the connection hole, then place two nuts, and then insert the connecting bolt 2. Use a torque wrench to tighten the connecting bolt 2. During the installation process, use a total station and a laser to calibrate the verticality of the steel column 9. After the verticality meets the requirements, tighten the connecting bolt 2, and finally loosen the wire rope that lifts the steel column 9.

[0056] Install the upper components: After installing the steel column 9, cut and process the shock-absorbing rubber pad 5 according to the size and structure of the support top plate 6 at the top of the steel column 9 according to the same principle and install it in place. Then put the steel beam support 3 on top of the shock-absorbing rubber pad 5, ensuring that the bowl-shaped protrusion in the center of the lower surface of the steel beam support 3 is embedded in the bowl-shaped groove of the shock-absorbing rubber pad 5, and at the same time, the bowl-shaped part of the shock-absorbing rubber pad 5 is embedded in the bowl-shaped groove of the support top plate 6. Then pass the elastic steel cable 4 through the connecting ring 7 on the stiffening plate 8 and fix it. Finally, align the connecting hole of the lower flange of the steel beam 1 with the connecting hole on the upper surface of the steel beam support 3, insert the connecting bolt 2 into the connecting hole, and tighten the connecting bolt 2 with a torque wrench to complete the connection of one end of the steel beam 1. Follow the same steps to complete the connection of the other end of the steel beam 1.

[0057] This invention utilizes factory-prefabricated steel structural components, reducing construction time while ensuring component rigidity and strength. Double-spherical hinges are used at the connections between the steel columns and foundation, and between the steel beams and columns, to resist displacement in any direction caused by seismic loads. Shock-absorbing rubber pads also absorb some of the seismic load, reducing structural displacement. The device and construction method employed in this invention effectively reduce material, labor, and machinery inputs, shortening construction time and saving costs.

[0058] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all such improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic structural system, characterized in that: The structural system comprises a steel beam (1) arranged at the top and a concrete pedestal (13) arranged at the bottom, as well as a steel beam support (3), a shock-absorbing rubber pad (5), a supporting top plate (6), a stiffening plate (8), a steel column (9), a steel pad (10), a concrete pier (11), and an earthquake-resistant ball joint (12) arranged between the steel beam (1) and the concrete pedestal (13); wherein: The bottom of the steel beam (1) is fixedly connected to the steel beam support (3); a bowl-shaped depression is provided at the center of the upper surface of the steel beam support (3), and a bowl-shaped protrusion of the same size is provided at the corresponding position of the center of the lower surface; the shock-absorbing rubber pad (5) has a central opening; the support top plate (6) is installed at the top of the steel column (9), and a bowl-shaped groove is provided on its upper surface, which is larger than the bowl-shaped protrusion at the center of the lower surface of the steel beam support (3); the bowl-shaped protrusion of the steel beam support (3) passes through the central opening of the shock-absorbing rubber pad (5) and is provided in the bowl-shaped groove of the support top plate (6), so that the steel beam support (3) and the support top plate (6) are connected to each other; the stiffening plate (8) is provided at the intersection of the top of the steel column (9) and the lower end of the support top plate (6), and the support top plate (6) is reinforced and supported by the stiffening plate (8); A steel pad (10) is provided at the bottom of the steel column (9), which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the concrete pier (11) through the steel pad (10); the lower surface of the concrete pier (11) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the earthquake-resistant ball joint (12); the earthquake-resistant ball joint (12) is made of metal material, and the upper part is in the shape of a rectangular plane, on which a steel bar with an elbow is provided, and the steel bar with the elbow is extended into the concrete pier (11) to strengthen the fixing effect, and the lower part is a semi-spherical structure, which is installed in the groove on the upper surface of the concrete pedestal (13); a shock-absorbing rubber pad (5) with a middle opening is also provided between the earthquake-resistant ball joint (12) and the concrete pedestal (13).

2. The double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic structural system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steel beam (1) is placed horizontally using an I-beam. Holes are opened on the lower flanges at both ends of the steel beam (1), and the steel beam is connected to the steel beam support (3) by connecting bolts (2) passing through the holes.

3. The double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic structural system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steel beam support (3) is a rectangular cover-shaped metal component with a lifting ring provided on the outer side of the long side, and an elastic steel cable (4) is hung on the lifting ring. The steel beam support (3) supports the steel beam (1) on the upper side and is installed on the supporting top plate (6) on the lower side.

4. The double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic structural system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The elastic steel cable (4) is a metal steel cable with a certain elasticity, the upper end of which is symmetrically arranged at the outer side of the long side of the steel beam support (3) along the central axis of the long side of the steel beam support (3), and the lower end of which is connected to the connecting ring (7) provided on the stiffening plate (8).

5. The double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic structural system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shock-absorbing rubber pad (5) is made of a flexible rubber material.

6. The double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic structural system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper surface of the supporting top plate (6) is as large as the lower surface area of ​​the steel beam support (3) and is made of thickened steel plate.

7. The double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic structural system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The connecting ring (7) is located outside the stiffening plate (8) and is a metal ring.

8. The double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic structural system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Bolt holes are formed on the steel base plate (10), and the connecting bolts (2) pass through the bolt holes and are fixedly connected to the concrete pier (11).

9. A construction method for a double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic structure system, using the double-spherical hinge support beam-column seismic structure system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Substructure formation: After the foundation is completed, the concrete cap on top of the foundation is reinforced and the formwork is sealed. A line is drawn along the diagonal line on the upper surface of the concrete cap to determine the center position. A metal bowl-shaped component is embedded in the center position and concrete is poured. After the concrete solidifies, the formwork is removed and the concrete inside the metal bowl-shaped component is cleaned. Install the shock-absorbing rubber pad: according to the size of the upper surface of the concrete cap, cut out the rubber pad material of the corresponding size, and use a compass to draw a circle at the center of the circle with the same size as the metal bowl-shaped component on the upper surface of the concrete cap. Then use a hot melt machine to process the corresponding bowl-shaped protrusion. After cooling, install the shock-absorbing rubber pad on the concrete cap according to the corresponding position, ensuring that the bowl-shaped protrusion of the shock-absorbing rubber pad is embedded in the metal bowl-shaped component on the upper surface of the concrete cap; Install the seismic ball joint: The upper part of the seismic ball joint is made of steel plate, with the length and width dimensions equal to the upper surface of the concrete cap. The lower part is made of a hemispherical metal component that is smaller than the metal bowl-shaped component on the upper surface of the concrete cap. The upper and lower parts are welded together to ensure stability. Install the seismic ball joint on top of the shock-absorbing rubber pad with the long and short sides in the same direction as the long and short sides of the concrete cap, ensuring that the lower part of the seismic ball joint is embedded in the groove of the shock-absorbing rubber pad. Make concrete piers: Prop up formwork at a certain height on the four sides of the upper part of the anti-seismic ball joint. Weld steel bars with hooks to the metal plate on the upper part of the anti-seismic ball joint, and tie a steel cage inside to ensure that the hooks and the steel cage are tightly embedded. Finally, pour concrete to form the concrete pier. After the concrete solidifies, remove the formwork and clean the upper surface to ensure it is level and flat. Installing steel columns: After pouring the concrete pier, drill holes at corresponding positions on the steel pads according to the bolt sleeve positions on the upper surface of the concrete pier. Use steel wire ropes to suspend the steel columns, and then use lifting machinery to lift the steel columns. After aligning the connection holes of the steel pads with the bolt sleeve positions on the upper surface of the concrete pier, first install washers on the connection holes, then place two nuts, and then insert the connection bolts. Tighten the connection bolts with a torque wrench. During the installation process, use a total station and a laser to calibrate the verticality of the steel column. After the verticality meets the requirements, tighten the connection bolts and finally loosen the wire rope that suspends the steel column. Install the upper components: After the steel column is installed, cut and process the shock-absorbing rubber pad according to the size and structure of the supporting top plate at the top of the steel column according to the same principle and install it in place; then put the steel beam support on top of the shock-absorbing rubber pad, and ensure that the bowl-shaped protrusion in the center of the lower surface of the steel beam support is embedded in the bowl-shaped groove of the shock-absorbing rubber pad, and at the same time, the bowl-shaped part of the shock-absorbing rubber pad is embedded in the bowl-shaped groove of the supporting top plate, then pass the elastic steel cable through the connecting ring on the stiffening plate and fix it; finally, align the connecting hole on the lower flange of the steel beam with the connecting hole on the upper surface of the steel beam support, insert the connecting bolt into the connecting hole, tighten the connecting bolt with a torque wrench to complete the connection of the steel beam.

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