A high utilization rate hydrogen storage system

Abstract

The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a high-utilization hydrogen storage system, including a first hydrogen storage tank, a second hydrogen storage tank and an engine; the first hydrogen storage tank includes a gas storage cavity; the gas outlet of the second hydrogen storage tank is connected to the gas inlet of the gas storage cavity; the gas outlet of the gas storage cavity is connected to the gas inlet of the engine; and a controller is also included; a first pressure sensor is arranged in the gas storage cavity; the first sensor is electrically connected to the signal input end of the controller; and an air pump is also included, the gas inlet of the air pump is connected to the gas outlet of the second hydrogen storage tank, the gas outlet of the air pump is connected to the gas inlet of the gas storage cavity; the signal input end of the air pump is electrically connected to the signal output end of the controller. The present invention effectively improves the utilization rate of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of engine fuel storage and supply, and in particular relates to a high-utilization hydrogen storage system. Background Art

[0002] When hydrogen reacts with oxygen during combustion, it only produces water vapor emissions, which can greatly reduce air pollution compared to traditional fuel vehicles. Therefore, hydrogen energy, as one of the new energy sources of the future, occupies an extremely important position in the energy field.

[0003] Since hydrogen has a wide explosion limit (4% to 75.6%), in order to ensure the efficient and reliable operation of hydrogen internal combustion engines, direct injection is usually used for gas injection, so there are certain requirements for upstream pressure. As the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is consumed, the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank decreases; at the same time, hydrogen absorbs heat when it changes from liquid to gas, resulting in a decrease in temperature, which further reduces the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank, thus affecting the injection of hydrogen. Therefore, there is usually a certain gap between the amount of hydrogen released and the amount stored.

[0004] The patent "A hydrogen storage tank for new energy vehicles and its use method" (patent number: 202210502963.6) introduces a hydrogen storage tank. The patent improves the utilization rate of hydrogen in the following two ways:

[0005] 1. By installing a spring and an air bag in the hydrogen storage tank, when the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank rises, the spring and the air bag are compressed; when the hydrogen is released, the spring rebounds to maintain the pressure in the tank;

[0006] 2. During hydrogenation, cooling water is used to cool the tank, thereby increasing storage capacity.

[0007] However, this patent still has the following defects:

[0008] 1. Installing springs and other mechanisms in the hydrogen storage tank increases the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the hydrogen storage tank;

[0009] 2. Due to the high pressure in the hydrogen storage tank, the spring must have a high stiffness, and the airbag is a flexible mechanism, so the combination of the two is prone to failure;

[0010] 3. When refueling with hydrogen, the engine must be running to cool down the tank, which poses a safety risk. Summary of the invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a high-utilization hydrogen storage system to effectively improve the utilization rate of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank.

[0012] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a high-utilization hydrogen storage system, including a first hydrogen storage tank, a second hydrogen storage tank and an engine; the first hydrogen storage tank includes a gas storage cavity; the gas outlet of the second hydrogen storage tank is connected to the gas inlet of the gas storage cavity; the gas outlet of the gas storage cavity is connected to the gas inlet of the engine; and a controller is also included; a first pressure sensor is arranged in the gas storage cavity; the first sensor is electrically connected to the signal input end of the controller; and an air pump is also included, the gas inlet of the air pump is connected to the gas outlet of the second hydrogen storage tank, the gas outlet of the air pump is connected to the gas inlet of the gas storage cavity; the signal input end of the air pump is electrically connected to the signal output end of the controller. The present invention detects the air pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank in real time through the first pressure sensor and feeds it back to the controller. When the controller determines that the internal air pressure of the first hydrogen storage tank is lower than the set value, the second hydrogen storage tank as a backup hydrogen storage tank is inflated to the first hydrogen storage tank by starting the air pump to ensure that the internal air pressure of the first hydrogen storage tank remains above the set value.

[0013] In the above technical solution, a second pressure sensor is provided inside the second hydrogen storage tank, and the second pressure sensor is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the controller. The second pressure sensor is used to detect the air pressure inside the second hydrogen storage tank in real time and feed it back to the controller, and the controller selectively controls the air pump based on the air pressure inside the second hydrogen storage tank and the first hydrogen storage tank.

[0014] The above technical solution also includes a one-way valve, wherein the air inlet end of the one-way valve is connected to the air outlet of the second hydrogen storage tank, and the air outlet end of the one-way valve is connected to the air inlet of the gas storage cavity. The present invention reduces the work of the controller and the air pump by setting a one-way valve. When the air pressure in the second hydrogen storage tank is greater than the air pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank, the second hydrogen storage tank can be automatically inflated into the first hydrogen storage tank, thereby reducing the calculation cost and ensuring the smoothness of the inflation process.

[0015] The above technical solution further includes a first three-way connection; the first connection end of the first three-way connection is connected to the gas outlet of the second hydrogen storage tank; the second connection end of the first three-way connection is connected to the gas inlet of the air pump; the third connection end of the first three-way connection is connected to the gas inlet end of the one-way valve. The present invention optimizes the overall layout of the pipeline by setting a three-way structure.

[0016] The above technical solution also includes a second three-way connection; the first connection end of the second three-way connection is connected to the air inlet of the air storage cavity; the second connection end of the second three-way connection is connected to the air outlet of the air pump; the third connection end of the second three-way connection is connected to the air outlet end of the one-way valve. The present invention optimizes the overall layout of the pipeline by setting a three-way structure.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the air inlet of the second hydrogen storage tank is used to connect to the hydrogenation equipment. The present invention uses the second hydrogen storage tank as an intermediate structure of the first hydrogen storage tank, which enhances the safety of the filling process. And due to the setting of the one-way valve, it is ensured that hydrogen can directly enter the first hydrogen storage tank from the second hydrogen storage tank with a higher air pressure during the filling process.

[0018] The above technical scheme also includes an engine and an engine cooling system; the first hydrogen storage tank also includes a water inlet cavity, which surrounds the outside of the gas storage cavity; the water inlet cavity and the gas storage cavity are mutually sealed and isolated; the cooling water outlet of the engine is connected to the water inlet of the water inlet cavity; the water outlet of the water inlet cavity is connected to the water inlet of the engine cooling system; the outlet of the engine cooling system is connected to the cooling water inlet of the engine; the cooling water outlet of the engine is connected to the water inlet of the engine cooling system; an on-off valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the cooling water outlet of the engine and the water inlet of the water inlet cavity; the signal input end of the on-off valve is electrically connected to the signal output end of the controller. The present invention sets a water inlet cavity so that the heated cooling water can enter the water inlet cavity from the water outlet of the engine to heat the gas in the first hydrogen storage tank. This heating method is used when the air pressure inside the second hydrogen storage tank is lower than the safety value. The controller turns on and off the valve and uses cooling water heated by the engine to heat the internal gas of the first hydrogen storage tank, thereby increasing the air pressure inside the first hydrogen storage tank and improving the utilization rate of the gas in the hydrogen storage tank.

[0019] The above technical solution further includes a third tee; the first connection end of the third tee is connected to the cooling water outlet of the engine through a pipeline; the second connection end of the third tee is connected to the water inlet of the water inlet cavity through a pipeline; the third connection end of the third tee is connected to the water inlet of the engine cooling system through a pipeline. The present invention optimizes the overall layout of the pipeline by setting a tee structure.

[0020] In the above technical solution, a water pump is provided on the pipeline connecting the cooling water outlet of the engine with the first connecting end of the third tee, which effectively improves the circulation efficiency of the coolant.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the on-off valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting the water inlet of the water inlet cavity and the second connecting end of the third three-way connection. The present invention reasonably optimizes the arrangement of the on-off valve to ensure the overall safety of the system.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: during the gas filling process, the present invention uses the second hydrogen storage tank as the intermediate structure of the first hydrogen storage tank, which enhances the safety of the gas filling process; and due to the setting of the one-way valve, it is ensured that hydrogen can directly enter the first hydrogen storage tank from the second hydrogen storage tank with a higher air pressure during the gas filling process, ensuring effective gas filling while improving the overall safety of the gas filling process. During the gas use process of the present invention, as the engine is running, the pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank gradually decreases. At this time, the pressure of the second hydrogen storage tank is greater than the pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank. Hydrogen will enter the first hydrogen storage tank from the second hydrogen storage tank through the one-way valve, and finally make the air pressure of the two the same. This process does not require additional operation of the controller, is simple and convenient, and can be realized automatically, effectively ensuring that the internal air pressure of the first hydrogen storage tank meets the requirements while saving the overall calculation cost of the controller. When the internal gas volume of the first hydrogen storage tank and the second hydrogen storage tank is both small, and the air pressure of the first hydrogen storage tank is greater than that of the second hydrogen storage tank, that is, when the one-way valve is automatically closed, the controller drives the air pump to work, and the gas inside the second hydrogen storage tank is pumped into the first hydrogen storage tank to ensure the effective supply of hydrogen to the engine. When the internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage tank is greater than the pressure limit or the internal air pressure of the second hydrogen storage tank is lower than the safety value, the air pump does not work to ensure the safety of the two hydrogen storage tanks. When the second hydrogen storage tank cannot provide hydrogen to the first hydrogen storage tank, and the air pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank is insufficient, the controller drives the water pump and the on-off valve to heat the first hydrogen storage tank with cooling water, thereby increasing the air pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank and improving the utilization rate of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank. The present invention monitors the air pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank and the second hydrogen storage tank through the first pressure sensor and the second sensor. In addition to driving the air pump and the on-off valve according to the air pressure of the two, the controller can also determine whether there is a fault in the one-way valve, pipeline and air pump according to the air pressure difference between the two, and detect the overall fault state of the pipeline system in real time, further enhancing the safety of the overall system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a first gas storage tank of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a second gas storage tank of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a circuit connection schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] 1-the second hydrogen storage tank; 2-a one-way valve; 3-an air pump; 4-the first hydrogen storage tank; 5-an on-off valve; 6-a water pump; 7-the first three-way valve; 8-the second three-way valve; 9-the third three-way valve; 11-the air inlet of the second hydrogen storage tank; 12-the air outlet of the second hydrogen storage tank; 13-the second pressure sensor; 41-the outer wall of the first hydrogen storage tank; 42-the inner wall of the second hydrogen storage tank; 43-the air outlet of the first hydrogen storage tank; 44-the water outlet of the first hydrogen storage tank; 45-the water inlet of the first hydrogen storage tank; 46-the air inlet of the first hydrogen storage tank; 47-the first pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to facilitate a clear understanding of the present invention, but they do not constitute a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a high-utilization hydrogen storage system, including a first hydrogen storage tank 4, a second hydrogen storage tank 1 and an engine; the first hydrogen storage tank 4 includes a gas storage cavity; the gas outlet of the second hydrogen storage tank 1 is connected to the gas inlet of the gas storage cavity; the gas outlet of the gas storage cavity is connected to the gas inlet of the engine; and a controller is also provided; a first pressure sensor 47 is arranged in the gas storage cavity; the first sensor is electrically connected to the signal input end of the controller; and an air pump 3 is also included, the gas inlet of the air pump 3 is connected to the gas outlet of the second hydrogen storage tank 1, and the gas outlet of the air pump 3 is connected to the gas inlet of the gas storage cavity; the signal input end of the air pump 3 is electrically connected to the signal output end of the controller. The present invention detects the air pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank 4 in real time through the first pressure sensor 47 and feeds it back to the controller. When the controller determines that the internal air pressure of the first hydrogen storage tank 4 is lower than the set value, the second hydrogen storage tank 1 as a backup hydrogen storage tank is inflated to the first hydrogen storage tank 4 by starting the air pump 3 to ensure that the internal air pressure of the first hydrogen storage tank 4 remains above the set value.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the first hydrogen storage tank 4 also includes a water inlet cavity, which surrounds the outside of the gas storage cavity; the water inlet cavity and the gas storage cavity are closed and isolated from each other. The inner wall 42 of the first hydrogen storage tank 4 forms a closed cavity structure. The outer side of the inner wall 42 of the first hydrogen storage tank 4 is covered with an outer wall 41, and the inner walls 42 and 41 cooperate with each other to form a closed cavity structure, namely the water inlet cavity. The air inlet 46 and the air outlet 43 of the first hydrogen storage tank 4 are connected to the gas storage cavity, but isolated from the water inlet cavity. The water inlet 46 and the water outlet 44 of the first hydrogen storage tank 4 are connected to the water inlet cavity, but isolated from the gas storage cavity, which effectively ensures the overall safety of the first gas storage tank.

[0031] like Figure 3A second pressure sensor 13 is provided inside the second hydrogen storage tank 1, and the second pressure sensor 13 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the controller. The second pressure sensor 13 is used to detect the air pressure inside the second hydrogen storage tank 1 in real time and feed it back to the controller. The controller selectively controls the air pump 3 based on the air pressure inside the second hydrogen storage tank 1 and the first hydrogen storage tank 4.

[0032] Specifically, it also includes a one-way valve 2, wherein the air inlet end of the one-way valve 2 is connected to the air outlet of the second hydrogen storage tank 1, and the air outlet end of the one-way valve 2 is connected to the air inlet of the gas storage cavity. The present invention reduces the work of the controller and the air pump 3 by setting the one-way valve 2. When the air pressure in the second hydrogen storage tank 1 is greater than the air pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank 4, the second hydrogen storage tank 1 can be automatically inflated to the first hydrogen storage tank 4, thereby reducing the calculation cost and ensuring the smoothness of the inflation process.

[0033] Specifically, it also includes a first three-way connection 7; the first connection end of the first three-way connection 7 is connected to the gas outlet of the second hydrogen storage tank 1; the second connection end of the first three-way connection 7 is connected to the gas inlet of the air pump 3; the third connection end of the first three-way connection 7 is connected to the gas inlet end of the one-way valve 2. The present invention optimizes the overall layout of the pipeline by setting a three-way structure.

[0034] Specifically, it also includes a second three-way connection 8; the first connection end of the second three-way connection 8 is connected to the air inlet of the air storage cavity; the second connection end of the second three-way connection 8 is connected to the air outlet of the air pump 3; and the third connection end of the second three-way connection 8 is connected to the air outlet end of the one-way valve 2. The present invention optimizes the overall layout of the pipeline by setting a three-way structure.

[0035] Specifically, the air inlet of the second hydrogen storage tank 1 is used to connect to the hydrogenation equipment. The present invention uses the second hydrogen storage tank 1 as an intermediary structure of the first hydrogen storage tank 4 to enhance the safety of the gas filling process. And due to the setting of the one-way valve 2, it is ensured that hydrogen can directly enter the first hydrogen storage tank 4 from the second hydrogen storage tank 1 with a higher gas pressure during the gas filling process.

[0036] Specifically, it also includes an engine and an engine cooling system; the cooling water outlet of the engine is connected to the water inlet of the water inlet cavity; the water outlet of the water inlet cavity is connected to the water inlet of the engine cooling system; the outlet of the engine cooling system is connected to the cooling water inlet of the engine; the cooling water outlet of the engine is connected to the water inlet of the engine cooling system; the pipeline connecting the cooling water outlet of the engine and the water inlet of the water inlet cavity is provided with an on-off valve 5; the signal input end of the on-off valve 5 is electrically connected to the signal output end of the controller. The present invention sets a water inlet cavity so that the heated cooling water can enter the water inlet cavity from the engine outlet to heat the gas in the first hydrogen storage tank 4. This heating method is used when the air pressure inside the second hydrogen storage tank 1 is lower than the safety value, the controller connects the on-off valve 5, and uses the cooling water heated by the engine to heat the internal gas of the first hydrogen storage tank 4, so that the air pressure inside the first hydrogen storage tank 4 rises, and improves the utilization rate of the gas in the hydrogen storage tank.

[0037] Specifically, it also includes a third tee 9; the first connection end of the third tee 9 is connected to the cooling water outlet of the engine through a pipeline; the second connection end of the third tee 9 is connected to the water inlet of the water inlet cavity through a pipeline; the third connection end of the third tee 9 is connected to the water inlet of the engine cooling system through a pipeline. The present invention optimizes the overall layout of the pipeline by setting a tee structure.

[0038] Specifically, a water pump 6 is provided on the pipeline connecting the cooling water outlet of the engine and the first connecting end of the third tee 9, so as to effectively improve the circulation efficiency of the coolant.

[0039] Specifically, the on-off valve 5 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the water inlet of the water inlet cavity and the second connecting end of the third three-way valve 9. The present invention reasonably optimizes the arrangement of the on-off valve 5 to ensure the overall safety of the system.

[0040] The use process of this specific embodiment is as follows:

[0041] When filling:

[0042] The air inlet 11 of the second hydrogen storage tank 1 is connected to the hydrogenation equipment, and hydrogen enters the second hydrogen storage tank 1, and enters the first hydrogen storage tank 4 from the air outlet 12 of the second hydrogen storage tank 1-the one-way valve 2-the air inlet 46 of the first hydrogen storage tank. At this time, the air pump 3 and the on-off valve 5 are in a non-working state. When the pressure of the second hydrogen storage tank 1 reaches the storage pressure limit Pmax, the gas filling is stopped.

[0043] When using gas:

[0044] Case 1: The gas volume in the hydrogen storage tank is sufficient, that is, the pressure value in the second hydrogen storage tank 1 is greater than the minimum pressure P1 to ensure stable hydrogen injection from the engine.

[0045] As the engine runs, the pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank 4 gradually decreases. At this time, the pressure in the second hydrogen storage tank 1 is greater than the pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank 4. Hydrogen will enter the first hydrogen storage tank 4 from the second hydrogen storage tank 1 through the one-way valve 2, and finally make the air pressure of the two the same. At this time, the controller controls the air pump 3 and the on-off valve 5 to be in a non-working state.

[0046] Scenario 2: The gas volume in the hydrogen storage tank is too low, that is, the pressure in the second hydrogen storage tank 1 is less than the limit value P1, and the pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank 4 is less than the limit value P2, and the pressure in the second hydrogen storage tank 1 is greater than the minimum safety pressure P0. (P2>P1>P0)

[0047] In this case, the controller controls the air pump 3 to start working, pumping the hydrogen in the second hydrogen storage tank 1 into the first hydrogen storage tank 4, thereby increasing the pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank 4. When the pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank 4 is greater than the storage pressure limit Pmax or the pressure in the second hydrogen storage tank 1 is less than the safety pressure P0, the controller controls the air pump 3 to stop working. At this time, the pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank 4 is greater than the pressure in the second hydrogen storage tank 1, but due to the action of the air pump and the one-way valve, the hydrogen cannot flow back from the first hydrogen storage tank 4 to the second hydrogen storage tank 1, so that the first hydrogen storage tank 4 supplies gas to the engine at a higher pressure.

[0048] Situation 3: The gas volume in the hydrogen storage tank is very small, that is, the pressure in the second hydrogen storage tank 1 is less than or equal to the safety pressure P0, and the pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank 4 is less than the limit value P2. That is, at this time, the second hydrogen storage tank 1 can no longer supply gas to the first hydrogen storage tank 4.

[0049] The controller controls the on-off valve 5 to be turned on. The hot cooling water at the outlet of the engine is pressurized by the water pump 6 and enters the water inlet cavity between the outer wall 41 and the inner wall 42 of the first gas storage tank through the on-off valve 5 to heat the gas storage cavity. After heating, the pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank 4 rises. When the pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank 4 is greater than the set pressure, the controller controls the on-off valve 5 to be turned off. When the pressure in the first hydrogen storage tank 4 drops below P2 again, the controller controls the on-off valve 5 to be turned on again until the pressure reaches the storage pressure limit Pmax. This is repeated.

[0050] The fault diagnosis process of this specific embodiment is as follows:

[0051] When adding gas, the air pressure values ​​fed back by the second pressure sensor 13 and the first pressure sensor 47 received by the controller should be equal. If the controller determines that the difference between the values ​​fed back to the controller by the second pressure sensor 13 and the first pressure sensor 47 is greater than the set error value, it is determined that the one-way valve or pipeline is blocked.

[0052] In case 1 when using gas, the values ​​fed back to the controller by the second pressure sensor 13 and the first pressure sensor 47 should be equal. If the controller determines that the difference between the values ​​fed back to the controller by the second pressure sensor 13 and the first pressure sensor 47 is greater than the set error value, it is determined that the one-way valve or pipeline is blocked. When the air pump is working, this diagnosis is not performed until the gas filling process is completed, and the diagnosis can be repeated.

[0053] In situation 2 when using gas, when the air pump 3 is working, within the specified time T, if the controller determines that the difference between the values ​​fed back to the controller by the second pressure sensor 13 and the first pressure sensor 47 is not greater than the limit value, it is determined that the pump is damaged, the pipeline is blocked or the one-way valve fails.

[0054] The capacity of the second hydrogen storage tank 1 should be greater than that of the first hydrogen storage tank 4, and the greater the capacity difference, the higher the hydrogen utilization rate.

[0055] Assuming that the capacity of the second hydrogen storage tank 1 is V1 and the capacity of the first hydrogen storage tank 4 is V2, the available hydrogen is;

[0056]

[0057] Its utilization rate is:

[0058]

[0059] Because P1>P0, The larger it is, the greater its utilization rate.

[0060] The commonly used hydrogen storage tank pressure is 35Mpa. Taking a hydrogen high-pressure nozzle as an example, the injection pressure needs to be 10Mpa. If a traditional 100L hydrogen storage tank is used, when the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank is close to 10Mpa, the high-pressure nozzle cannot guarantee the injection accuracy and normal injection. Hydrogen cannot be used, and the overall utilization rate is

[0061] If the present embodiment is adopted, the second hydrogen storage tank 1 is still 100L (35Mpa), and an additional 10L (35Mpa) first hydrogen storage tank 4 is provided, then the available hydrogen in the second hydrogen storage tank 1 is (Assume that the safety pressure in the second hydrogen storage tank 1 is P0 = 1 atmosphere = 0.1 MPa); the available hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage tank 4 is (without considering heating); the total available gas volume is 99.7+2.9=102.6L. Without considering additional heating, the utilization rate is 102.6 / (100+10)≈93.3%. Considering additional heating, the utilization rate will be higher than 93.3%

[0062] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

Claims

1. A high utilization rate hydrogen storage system, characterized in that: It includes a first hydrogen storage tank, a second hydrogen storage tank and an engine; the first hydrogen storage tank includes a gas storage cavity; the gas outlet of the second hydrogen storage tank is connected to the gas inlet of the gas storage cavity; the gas outlet of the gas storage cavity is connected to the gas inlet of the engine; it also includes a controller; a first pressure sensor is arranged in the gas storage cavity; the first pressure sensor is electrically connected to the signal input end of the controller; it also includes an air pump, the gas inlet of the air pump is connected to the gas outlet of the second hydrogen storage tank, the gas outlet of the air pump is connected to the gas inlet of the gas storage cavity; the signal input end of the air pump is electrically connected to the signal output end of the controller; A second pressure sensor is disposed inside the second hydrogen storage tank, and the second pressure sensor is electrically connected to a signal input terminal of the controller; It also includes a one-way valve, wherein the air inlet end of the one-way valve is connected to the air outlet of the second hydrogen storage tank, and the air outlet end of the one-way valve is connected to the air inlet of the air storage cavity; It also includes a first three-way connection; the first connecting end of the first three-way connection is connected to the air outlet of the second hydrogen storage tank; the second connecting end of the first three-way connection is connected to the air inlet of the air pump; and the third connecting end of the first three-way connection is connected to the air inlet end of the one-way valve.

2. A high utilization rate hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second three-way connection; the first connecting end of the second three-way connection is connected to the air inlet of the air storage cavity; the second connecting end of the second three-way connection is connected to the air outlet of the air pump; the third connecting end of the second three-way connection is connected to the air outlet end of the one-way valve.

3. A high utilization rate hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet of the second hydrogen storage tank is used to connect to the hydrogenation equipment.

4. A high utilization rate hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an engine and an engine cooling system; the first hydrogen storage tank also includes a water inlet cavity, which surrounds the outside of the gas storage cavity; the water inlet cavity and the gas storage cavity are sealed and isolated from each other; the cooling water outlet of the engine is connected to the water inlet of the water inlet cavity; the water outlet of the water inlet cavity is connected to the water inlet of the engine cooling system; the water outlet of the engine cooling system is connected to the cooling water inlet of the engine; the cooling water outlet of the engine is connected to the water inlet of the engine cooling system; an on-off valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the cooling water outlet of the engine and the water inlet of the water inlet cavity; the signal input end of the on-off valve is electrically connected to the signal output end of the controller.

5. A high utilization rate hydrogen storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a third tee; the first connecting end of the third tee is connected to the cooling water outlet of the engine through a pipeline; the second connecting end of the third tee is connected to the water inlet of the water inlet cavity through a pipeline; the third connecting end of the third tee is connected to the water inlet of the engine cooling system through a pipeline.

6. A high utilization rate hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water pump is arranged on the pipeline connecting the cooling water outlet of the engine and the first connecting end of the third three-way connection.

7. A high-utilization hydrogen storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The on-off valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting the water inlet of the water inlet cavity and the second connecting end of the third three-way connection.

Images