An extended-range tractor and its drive device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a range-extended tractor and its drive device. The drive device includes an engine component, a power distribution system, a power generation system, a tool auxiliary system, and an electric drive walking system. The range-extended tractor is provided with this drive device. By arranging the overall layout, electrical layout, and signal transmission mode of each component, the overall operation efficiency of the tractor is greatly improved, and the operation energy consumption is also greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of power machinery, and particularly relates to a range-extended tractor and its drive device. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the global requirements for carbon emissions and environmental protection, as well as China's dependence on imported fossil energy, are both increasing continuously. As a power tool, tractors operate at high power for a long time, and currently, a single battery as an energy storage element cannot meet the working conditions requirements of tractors. The series hybrid power configuration, that is, the range-extended hybrid power configuration, is a better balance for tractors between energy conservation and emission reduction and the working conditions requirements of tractors. At the same time, the electric drive method is relatively easy to achieve wire control, providing a good foundation for driverless operation, and it is an excellent future agricultural machinery power solution.

[0003] In addition to the reduction in usage costs brought by energy conservation, the absolute number of large tractors sold is relatively small. Compared with traditional fuel-powered tractors, the hybrid power configuration is relatively simple, and the existing new energy vehicle industrial chain can be utilized more fully, thereby reducing the amortization of R & D costs, shortening the R & D cycle, and significantly reducing the system cost.

[0004] Currently, there is no maturely applied series hybrid power tractor in the market. The existing technology is in the form of a wheel-side drive motor matching a multi-speed transmission, which drives two or four walking systems (tires or tracks) through power splitting and differential action. This solution has the following disadvantages: 1. For heavy tractors, the required power of the wheel-side drive motor is too large, resulting in a high motor cost; 2. The transmission system is complex. Compared with the power configuration of traditional tractors, there is no room for significant cost reduction, and at the same time, the complex system reduces the reliability of the transmission system; 3. The energy storage element uses a chemical battery. In a complex agricultural operation environment, the charge and discharge times of the battery are relatively many, affecting the battery life and increasing the usage cost; at the same time, the low-temperature performance of the battery is poor; and the high-temperature safety is also difficult to guarantee; 4. Due to the relatively complex transmission system, it is difficult to reduce the wheelbase of the tractor, and a flexible adjustment and a wide wheelbase range are one of the important technical indicators for tractors as a general agricultural power platform. Currently, there are also studies on series hybrid power machinery, but they do not layout each component in detail, and it is only a framework concept, which cannot give guidance for further practical application and industrialization. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems of the current existing technical solutions, the present invention proposes a tractor technical solution adopting a series hybrid power configuration, which has high reliability, convenient operation, low energy consumption, reduced emissions, and at the same time improves the operation efficiency.

[0006] Specifically, it is realized by the following technical means:

[0007] A drive device for a range-extended tractor, the drive device comprising an engine, a power distribution system, a power generation system, a tool auxiliary system, and an electric drive walking system.

[0008] The engine includes an internal combustion engine and an internal combustion engine controller.

[0009] The power distribution system includes an input port, a transmission component, and an output port, with the input port and the output port connected by the transmission component; the power distribution system is connected to the engine through the input port, and the power distribution system is connected to the power generation system and the tool auxiliary system through different output ports.

[0010] The power generation system includes a generator, a generator controller, and a power reserve compensation device.

[0011] The electric drive walking system includes a drive motor, a drive motor controller, a drive torque increasing device, a drive wheel or a crawler; the drive motor is connected to the drive torque increasing device, and the drive torque increasing device is connected to the drive wheel or the crawler.

[0012] The tool auxiliary system includes a power output device and a hydraulic output device.

[0013] The generator is electrically connected to the generator controller.

[0014] The generator controller is electrically connected to the drive motor controller and the power reserve compensation device respectively, and the electrical connections of the generator controller to different drive motor controllers and the power reserve compensation device are in parallel.

[0015] The power reserve compensation device is connected in parallel on the electrical path of the adjacent in-wheel drive motor controller, and can perform short-time power compensation when the generated power cannot meet the requirements of the whole machine, and can also store excess energy when the generated power is greater than the requirements of the whole machine (such as when the power generation system fails to reduce torque in time, or during braking). (According to the actual working conditions of large-horsepower tractors, this electrical network configuration has the most economical current and insulation costs, and can meet the requirements for reserve power during the operation of large-horsepower tractors).

[0016] The drive motor controller is electrically connected to the drive motor.

[0017] Preferably, a speed increasing mechanism is provided in the power distribution system, one end of the speed increasing mechanism is connected to the engine, and the other end is connected to the generator; the speed increasing mechanism is a gear or sprocket system; the reduction ratio of the speed increasing mechanism is 0.2 - 0.7, and the reduction ratio is the ratio of the engine speed to the generator speed. (Due to the characteristics of the generator, the speed increasing mechanism can make the volume and weight of the generator smaller while improving the power generation efficiency and further reducing the operation fuel consumption).

[0018] Preferably, the power storage compensation device includes a super capacitor and a super capacitor controller, and no chemical battery is provided in the power storage compensation device. Both the super capacitor and the super capacitor controller are existing concepts.

[0019] Preferably, the drive device of the range-extended tractor further includes a vehicle controller; the vehicle controller is configured to obtain the vehicle movement or operation requirements from the driver through a human-machine interface or a control background, and / or judge and adjust the vehicle movement or operation requirements according to the vehicle or environmental conditions, and coordinate the components of the drive device to achieve the vehicle movement or operation requirements. The components include an internal combustion engine controller, a generator controller, a super capacitor controller, and a drive motor controller.

[0020] The super capacitor controller is configured to control the charge and discharge power of the super capacitor according to the super capacitor state and the request of the vehicle controller, and output the working state and / or fault information of the super capacitor and the super capacitor controller.

[0021] The generator controller is configured to control the power generation power of the generator according to the request of the vehicle controller and the state of the generator, and output the working state and / or fault information of the generator and the generator controller.

[0022] The drive motor controller is configured to control the speed and torque of the drive motor according to the request of the vehicle controller, and output the working state and / or fault information of the drive motor and the drive motor controller.

[0023] When the power of the engine (i.e., the power of the internal combustion engine) is P kilowatts (kW), the rated voltage of the super capacitor is greater than or equal to 1.5P volts (V), and the capacitance of the super capacitor is greater than or equal to 0.02P farads (F).

[0024] The super capacitor controller is configured to perform charge and discharge or protection operations on the super capacitor according to the state of the super capacitor and the control of the vehicle controller.

[0025] Preferably, the power storage compensation device further includes a DC-DC converter; when the power of the engine (i.e., the power of the internal combustion engine) is P kilowatts (kW), the rated power of the DC-DC converter is greater than or equal to 0.2P kilowatts. The boost capacity of the DC-DC converter is that the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage is greater than or equal to 1.2.

[0026] (Since the size of the supercapacitor (SC) is set according to the following conditions: rated voltage of 540V; minimum operating voltage of the motor controller of 350V; supplementary power of 60% full power (400 hp + 240 hp) for 5 seconds, etc. If these conditions are exceeded, the DC-DC converter is required to boost the too low SC output voltage (linearly inversely proportional to the discharge energy) (boost from below 350V to above 350V). Therefore, the DC-DC converter can be preferably set according to the actual use.)

[0027] Preferably, there are 2 or 4 sets of the electric drive walking systems.

[0028] The drive motor controller of each set of electric drive walking systems is electrically connected to the generator controller, and the electrical connections between the circuits of each set are in parallel.

[0029] The drive motor controller of each set of electric drive walking systems is electrically connected to the supercapacitor controller, and the electrical connections between the circuits of each set are in parallel.

[0030] Preferably, the drive torque increasing device is a fixed ratio reducer or a two-speed transmission.

[0031] The speed ratio i of the reducer is greater than or equal to 400 / V max , where V max is the maximum vehicle speed (km / h); the first speed ratio i1 of the two-speed gearbox, and i1 is greater than or equal to 600 / V max , the second speed ratio of the two-speed gearbox is i2, and the speed ratio difference ψ = i1 / i2 is greater than or equal to 1.3.

[0032] Each of the two-speed transmissions further includes 1 set of shift mechanisms and a shift controller.

[0033] The shift mechanism includes a shift motor, a motor reduction device, a shift fork, and a shift fork position sensor.

[0034] The shift controller receives a shift request, drives the shift motor by comparing the signal of the shift fork position sensor with the target position, and finally shifts the engaging sleeve or synchronizer in the two-speed transmission through the shift fork to achieve the shift function.

[0035] Preferably, the power output device includes a power output clutch, a power output clutch controller, and a power output gearbox. The engine is connected to the power output clutch (PTO clutch) and the power output gearbox (PTO output gearbox) through a power distribution system.

[0036] The power output clutch is controlled to engage and disengage by a power output clutch controller upon receiving a request from the machine controller. The power output transmission is a single-speed transmission, a multi-speed transmission, a hydrostatic (HST) transmission, or a continuously variable transmission.

[0037] The hydraulic output device includes a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic valve block, a lift, a hydraulic output controller, and a hydraulic output port.

[0038] The hydraulic pump is a fixed-displacement pump, a variable-displacement pump, or a load-sensing variable-displacement pump; the hydraulic pump is connected to the engine through a power distribution system. (The hydraulic pump can be connected to the output shaft of the power distribution system through a sprocket or a gear according to its layout position and rotation scheme) (The flow rate of the hydraulic pump is determined according to the hydraulic oil quantity requirement of the working implement for the whole vehicle and set according to the requirements of the hydraulic output system).

[0039] The lift includes a hydraulic cylinder and a lift arm (preferably further includes a force sensor and / or an angle sensor).

[0040] The hydraulic valve block includes one or more hydraulic switching valves, proportional valves, and / or overflow valves (preferably further includes a temperature sensor and / or a pressure sensor). The hydraulic valve block is used to receive the signal control of the hydraulic output controller to adjust the flow rate and / or pressure of the pressure oil at the hydraulic output port and the hydraulic cylinder of the lift; the hydraulic valve block controls the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump to enter or flow out of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0041] The hydraulic output controller is used to send a control signal for the hydraulic valve opening to the hydraulic valve block according to the request of the whole vehicle controller or other controllers, monitor the states of various components of the hydraulic system through the temperature sensor or the pressure sensor, then activate the protection function, and output the working state and / or fault information of the hydraulic output device.

[0042] The hydraulic system is the general term for components such as the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic valve block, and the hydraulic cylinder through which the hydraulic oil flows.

[0043] Preferably, the input port of the power distribution system is an input shaft, and the output ports include a first output shaft and a second output shaft; the transmission component is a planetary gear ring component or a driving and driven component. Further, the transmission component can also be a shaft, a clutch, a gear, a sprocket, a key, a clutch, and / or a universal joint.

[0044] The planetary gear ring component includes a planetary mechanism and a large gear ring. The planetary mechanism includes a planetary carrier and planetary gears. The specific setting method is as follows: The input shaft of the power distribution system is fixedly connected to the planetary carrier arranged in the speed increasing mechanism. The power of the planetary carrier is transmitted to the first output shaft through the planetary gears and the large gear ring. The first output shaft is coaxially connected to the input shaft of the generator, and the power is transmitted to the generator to realize the power transmission for power generation. The generator is coaxially connected to the planetary mechanism arranged in the speed increasing mechanism. The second output shaft passes through the generator.

[0045] The driving and driven component includes a first driving wheel, a first driven wheel and a second driving wheel. The specific setting method is as follows: The input shaft of the power distribution system is fixedly connected to the first driving wheel arranged in the speed increasing mechanism. The first driven wheel and the second driving wheel are coaxially fixedly connected. The power of the first driving wheel is transmitted to the first output shaft through the first driven wheel and the second driving force. The first output shaft is coaxially connected to the input shaft of the generator, and the power is transmitted to the generator to realize the power transmission for power generation. The generator is coaxially connected to the first output shaft arranged in the speed increasing mechanism.

[0046] A hydraulic gear set or a sprocket set is installed on the second output shaft. The hydraulic gear set includes a hydraulic pump driving wheel and a hydraulic pump driven wheel. The hydraulic pump driving wheel meshes with the hydraulic pump driven wheel, and the engine power is transmitted to the hydraulic pump through the gear set composed of the hydraulic pump driving wheel and the hydraulic pump driven wheel.

[0047] The sprocket set includes a driving sprocket, a driving chain and a driven sprocket. The driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are drivingly connected through the driving chain. The power of the engine is transmitted to the hydraulic pump through this sprocket set (the output of the hydraulic pump is hydraulic transmission, and the flow rate is output according to the requirements of the whole machine or the implement).

[0048] A power output component is also installed on the second output shaft. One end of the power output clutch is connected to the second output shaft and is coaxially arranged with the second output shaft. The other end of the power output clutch is connected to a reducer or a two-speed gearbox. The power output clutch is provided with a first driving gear, a first driven gear, a synchronizer, a second driving gear and a second driven gear. Among them, the first driving gear, the synchronizer and the second driving gear are coaxially arranged. The first driven gear meshes with the first driving gear. The second driving gear meshes with the second driven gear. The first driven gear and the second driven gear are both coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the power output component. (According to the needs of the implement), the first gear or the second gear is selected through the shifting mechanism. The power is transmitted to the output shaft of the power output component through the power output clutch and the selected gear. The output shaft of the power output component is connected to the implement in a spline form.

[0049] The internal combustion engine further includes at least one low-voltage generator, the output voltage of the low-voltage generator is 12 or 24 volts (V), and its rated power is greater than or equal to 2 kilowatts, preferably greater than or equal to 2.5 kilowatts.

[0050] A range-extended tractor, the range-extended tractor is provided with the drive device of the aforementioned range-extended tractor.

[0051] The effect of the present invention is as follows:

[0052] The drive device of the present invention adopts a series hybrid distributed drive, drives through a dual-motor or four-motor matched with a reducer or a multi-speed gearbox, and through the specific setting of the power output component and the reasonable setting of each component, the weight and cost of the drive motor can be effectively reduced, and power shift can be achieved throughout the vehicle speed range. Through the distributed independent drive of a dual-motor or four-motor matched with a reducer or a multi-speed gearbox, combined with the cooperation of the power output component, the overall vehicle operating performance can be effectively improved, its turning radius is smaller, and the drive form is more flexible.

[0053] In the present invention, a speed increasing mechanism with a specific structure is arranged between the engine and the generator. By improving the specific structure of the speed increasing mechanism, the volume and weight of the generator can be effectively reduced. More preferably, parameters such as the reduction ratio adapted to the tractor of the present invention are reasonably set, and the overall vehicle efficiency is improved, thereby further reducing the operation fuel consumption.

[0054] Due to the application of range-extended tractors, high-power compensation is required, rather than large-energy compensation. Chemical power batteries cannot achieve such a high discharge rate under small energy storage. To achieve the power compensation (i.e., discharge rate) required by agricultural machinery, a large energy storage capacity is required, and a series of auxiliary devices such as cooling and safety are also required, resulting in an increase in cost, as well as an increase in weight and volume. The present invention is specifically aimed at the application of range-extended tractors. Through the analysis of the load spectrum collected during actual operations and the determination of the power compensation requirements (as Figure 5 shown), the setting of the super capacitor and the reasonable setting of the rated voltage and capacity of the super capacitor and the engine power are carried out, so that the power storage compensation system and the overall vehicle have comprehensive cost, volume, and weight advantages.

[0055] The supercapacitor adopted in the present invention uses the principle of physical energy storage, with high efficiency in large-current charging and discharging, no memory effect, and less heat generation. The cycle life of the supercapacitor exceeds 500,000 times, and its service life is even longer. The current level of chemical batteries is 3,000 - 6,000 times, and it cannot be improved in the short and medium term. Therefore, for the range-extended tractor of the present invention, the supercapacitor set in the present invention has good technical effects for the range-extended tractor compared to the battery. The discharge characteristics of the supercapacitor are not affected by temperature, especially low temperature. The high-temperature safety of the supercapacitor is much better than that of chemical batteries. The production, recycling, and use damage in extreme cases of the supercapacitor will not cause environmental pollution problems, and it is green and environmentally friendly. The energy storage of the supercapacitor has a linear relationship with the voltage and has no hysteresis, which is beneficial for energy estimation and system control. Thus, the supercapacitor can effectively improve the usage range and operation efficiency of agricultural machinery. At the same time, the present invention sets the supercapacitor in the power storage compensation device of the drive device and sets the specific position and connection relationship, so that it can be more reasonably arranged in the drive device of the range-extended tractor.

[0056] The range-extended method of the present invention can make the engine operate in the high-efficiency area, effectively reducing fuel consumption compared to fuel tractors and having lower operating costs.

[0057] The specific layout mode of the present invention is easier to achieve wire control braking, and wire control steering enables unmanned operation, and it can better serve as a basic component for intelligent agricultural machinery or unmanned agricultural machinery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a layout form of the drive device of the range-extended tractor of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another layout form of the drive device of the range-extended tractor of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 5 It is an example of the load spectrum of a large-horsepower tractor.

[0063] Reference numerals: 10 - engine; 11 - engine controller; 20 - power distribution system; 21 - input shaft of power distribution system; 22 - planet carrier; 23 - first output shaft; 24 - second output shaft; 25 - planet gear; 26 - ring gear; 27 - first driving wheel; 28 - first driven wheel; 29 - second driving wheel; 30 - generator; 31 - generator controller; 32 - super capacitor; 33 - super capacitor controller; 34 - input shaft of generator; 40 - hydraulic output module; 41 - driving wheel of hydraulic pump; 42 - driven wheel of hydraulic pump; 43 - hydraulic pump; 44 - driving sprocket; 45 - driving chain; 46 - driven sprocket; 50 - power output component; 51 - clutch; 52 - first shaft of transmission; 53 - first driving gear; 54 - first driven gear; 55 - synchronizer; 56 - second driving gear; 57 - second driven gear; 58 - output shaft of power output component; 59 - continuously variable transmission; 60 - driving controller; 61 - driving motor; 62 - driving transmission; 63 - wheel; 63a - crawler; 70 - vehicle controller. Detailed implementation mode

[0064] Embodiment 1

[0065] As Figure 2 shown, the driving device of the range extender tractor, the driving device includes an engine, a power distribution system, a power generation system, a machine tool auxiliary system, and an electric drive walking system. The engine includes an internal combustion engine and an internal combustion engine controller.

[0066] The power distribution system includes an input port, a transmission component, and an output port, and the input port and the output port are connected by the transmission component; the power distribution system is connected to the engine through the input port, and the power distribution system is connected to the power generation system and the machine tool auxiliary system through different output ports.

[0067] A speed increasing mechanism is arranged in the power distribution system, one end of the speed increasing mechanism is connected to the engine, and the other end is connected to the generator; the speed increasing mechanism is a gear or sprocket system; the reduction ratio of the speed increasing mechanism is 0.55, and the reduction ratio is the ratio of the engine speed to the generator speed. (Due to the characteristics of the generator, through the speed increasing mechanism, the volume and weight of the generator can be made smaller while improving the power generation efficiency and further reducing the operation fuel consumption).

[0068] The power generation system includes a generator, a generator controller, and a power reserve compensation device.

[0069] The electric drive walking system includes a driving motor, a driving motor controller, a driving torque increasing device, a driving wheel or a crawler; the driving motor is connected to the driving torque increasing device, and the driving torque increasing device is connected to the crawler.

[0070] The machine auxiliary system includes a power output device and a hydraulic output device.

[0071] The generator is electrically connected to the generator controller.

[0072] The generator controller is electrically connected to the drive motor controller and the power reserve compensation device respectively, and this electrical connection is in a parallel relationship.

[0073] The power reserve compensation device is connected in parallel on the electrical path of the adjacent in-wheel drive motor controller. It can perform short-term power compensation when the generated power cannot meet the requirements of the whole machine, and can also store excess energy when the generated power is greater than the requirements of the whole machine (such as when the power generation system fails to reduce torque in time or during braking). (According to the actual working conditions of large-horsepower tractors, the current and insulation costs required for this electrical network configuration are the most economical, and can meet the requirements for reserve power during the operation of large-horsepower tractors).

[0074] The power storage compensation device includes a super capacitor and a super capacitor controller, and the power storage compensation device does not have a chemical battery.

[0075] The drive motor controller is electrically connected to the drive motor.

[0076] When the power of the engine is P kilowatts (kW), the rated voltage of the super capacitor is greater than or equal to 1.5P volts (V), and the capacitance of the super capacitor is greater than or equal to 0.02P farads (F).

[0077] The super capacitor controller is used to control the charging, discharging or protection operation of the super capacitor according to the state of the super capacitor and the control of the whole machine controller.

[0078] There are 2 sets of electric drive walking systems.

[0079] The drive motor controller of each set of electric drive walking systems is electrically connected to the generator controller, and the electrical connections of each set of circuits are in a parallel relationship.

[0080] The drive motor controller of each set of electric drive walking systems is electrically connected to the super capacitor controller, and the electrical connections of each set of circuits are in a parallel relationship.

[0081] The drive torque increasing device is a fixed ratio reducer or a two-speed transmission.

[0082] The speed ratio i of the reducer is greater than or equal to 400 / V max , where V max is the maximum vehicle speed (km / h); the first gear speed ratio i1 of the two-speed gearbox, and i1 is greater than or equal to 600 / V max , the second gear speed ratio of the two-speed gearbox is i2, and the speed ratio difference ψ = i1 / i2 is 2.2.

[0083] Each of the two-speed transmissions further includes a gear shift mechanism and a gear shift controller.

[0084] The shift mechanism includes a shift motor, a motor reduction device, a shift fork and a shift fork position sensor.

[0085] The shift controller receives a shift request, drives the shift motor by comparing the shift fork position sensor signal with the target position, and finally realizes the shift function by shifting the engagement sleeve or synchronizer in the two-speed transmission through the shift fork.

[0086] The drive device of this embodiment also includes a vehicle controller; the vehicle controller is used to obtain the vehicle movement or operation requirements from the driver through the human-machine interface or the control background, and / or adjust the vehicle movement or operation requirements based on the judgment of the vehicle or environmental conditions, and coordinate the various components of the drive device to achieve the vehicle movement or operation requirements. The various components include an internal combustion engine controller, a generator controller, a supercapacitor controller and a drive motor controller.

[0087] The supercapacitor controller is used to control the supercapacitor charging and discharging power according to the supercapacitor status and the request of the whole machine controller, and output the working status and / or fault information of the supercapacitor and the supercapacitor controller.

[0088] The generator controller is used to control the power generation of the generator according to the request of the whole machine controller and the status of the generator, and output the working status and / or fault information of the generator and the generator controller.

[0089] The drive motor controller is used to control the speed and torque of the drive motor according to the request of the vehicle controller, and output the working status and / or fault information of the drive motor and the drive motor controller.

[0090] The power output device of this embodiment includes a power output clutch, a power output clutch controller and a power output gearbox, and the engine is connected to the power output clutch (PTO clutch) and the power output gearbox (PTO output gearbox) through a power distribution system.

[0091] The power output clutch is controlled to be engaged and disengaged by a power output clutch controller in response to a request from a whole machine controller, and the power output gearbox is a multi-speed gearbox.

[0092] The hydraulic output device includes a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic valve group, a lifter, a hydraulic output controller and a hydraulic output port.

[0093] The hydraulic pump is a fixed-displacement pump, variable-displacement pump or load-sensing variable-displacement pump; the hydraulic pump is connected to the engine through a power distribution system. (The hydraulic pump is connected to the output shaft of the power distribution system through a sprocket or gear according to its layout position and rotation scheme) (The flow rate of the hydraulic pump is determined according to the hydraulic oil volume requirement of the work implement and set according to the requirements of the hydraulic output system).

[0094] The lifter includes a hydraulic cylinder, a lifting arm, a force sensor and / or an angle sensor.

[0095] The hydraulic valve block includes a 6-way hydraulic switch valve, a proportional valve and a relief valve, and also includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor. The hydraulic valve block is used to receive the signal control of the hydraulic output controller, so as to adjust the flow rate and / or pressure of the pressure oil at the hydraulic output port and the hydraulic cylinder of the lifter; the hydraulic valve block controls the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump to enter or flow out of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0096] The hydraulic output controller is used to send a control signal for the opening of the hydraulic valve to the hydraulic valve block according to the request of the vehicle controller or other controllers, monitor the states of various components of the hydraulic system through the temperature sensor or pressure sensor, then activate the protection function, and output the working state and / or fault information of the hydraulic output device.

[0097] Embodiment 2

[0098] As Figure 3 shown, the power of the engine 10 is connected to the power distribution system 20 through the input shaft 21 of the power distribution system. The power is fixedly connected to the planet carrier 22 in the speed increasing mechanism through the input shaft 21 of the power distribution system. The power of the planet carrier 22 is transmitted to the first output shaft 23 (sun gear) through the planet gears 25 and the ring gear 26. The first output shaft 23 (sun gear) is coaxially connected to the input shaft 34 of the generator. The power is transmitted to the generator 30 to realize the power transmission for power generation. The generator 30 is coaxially connected to the planetary mechanism in the speed increasing mechanism. The second output shaft 24 passes through the generator 30.

[0099] A hydraulic pump driving wheel 41 is installed on the second output shaft 24. The hydraulic pump driving wheel 41 meshes with the hydraulic pump driven wheel 42. The engine power is transmitted to the hydraulic pump 43 through this gear set. The hydraulic pump 43 is a variable-displacement pump. The output of the oil pump is hydraulic transmission, and a certain flow rate is output according to the requirements of the whole machine or the implement.

[0100] The second output shaft 24 is also equipped with a power output component 50 (PTO output). The power output component 50 (PTO output) includes a clutch 51 arranged coaxially with the second output shaft 24. The other end of the clutch 51 is connected to a transmission or a reducer. Among them, the first driving gear 53, the synchronizer 55, and the second driving gear 56 are arranged coaxially. The first driven gear 54 meshes with the first driving gear 53, and the second driving gear 56 meshes with the second driven gear 57, and they are all coaxially and fixedly connected to the PTO output shaft 58. According to the needs of the implement, a suitable gear (first gear or second gear) is selected through a shifting mechanism (not shown). The power is transmitted to the PTO output shaft 58 through the PTO clutch and the selected gear. The PTO output shaft 58 is connected to the implement in a spline form, and the power of the engine is transmitted to relevant mechanisms such as the implement to realize the operation function.

[0101] Embodiment 3

[0102] As Figure 4 shown, the power of the engine 10 is connected to the power distribution system 20 through the power distribution system input shaft 21. The power is fixedly connected to the first driving wheel 27 in the speed increasing mechanism through the power distribution system input shaft 21. The first driven wheel 28 and the second driving wheel 29 are coaxially and fixedly connected. The power of the first driving wheel 27 is transmitted to the first output shaft (sun gear) 23 through the first driven wheel 27 and the second driving force 29. The first output shaft (sun gear) 23 is coaxially connected to the generator input shaft 34, and the power is transmitted to the generator 30 to realize the power transmission for power generation. The generator 10 is coaxially connected to the output shaft in the speed increasing mechanism, and the second output shaft 24 passes through the generator 30.

[0103] The second output shaft 24 is equipped with a driving sprocket 44. The driving sprocket 44 is drivingly connected to the driven sprocket 46 through a driving chain 45. The engine power is transmitted to the hydraulic pump 43 through this sprocket set. The hydraulic pump 43 can be a fixed-displacement pump or a variable-displacement pump. The output of the oil pump is for hydraulic transmission, and a certain flow rate is output according to the requirements of the whole machine or the implement.

[0104] The second output shaft 24 is also equipped with a power take-off component (i.e., PTO output) 50. The PTO output 50 can also include a clutch 51 arranged coaxially with the second output shaft 24. The other end of the clutch 51 is connected to a transmission or a reducer. This solution adopts a CVT transmission 59, and its output speed and the speed requirements for the engine are more flexible; the input shaft of the CVT transmission 59 is arranged coaxially with the second output shaft 24, and the output shaft of the continuously variable transmission 59 and the output shaft of the power take-off component (PTO output shaft) 58 are the same shaft; according to the needs of the implement and the speed of its engine 10 or the requirements of economy and power performance, the speed ratio of the CVT can be adjusted through the controller to make the speed of the PTO output shaft 58 meet the speed requirements of the implement; the PTO output shaft 58 is connected to the implement in the form of a spline to transmit the power of the engine to the relevant mechanisms of the implement and realize the operation function.

Claims

1. A driving device for an extended-range tractor, characterized in that: The drive device includes engine components, power distribution system, power generation system, machine auxiliary system, and electric drive travel system; Engine components include internal combustion engines and internal combustion engine controllers; The power distribution system includes an input port, a transmission component, and an output port, wherein the input port and the output port are connected by the transmission component; the power distribution system is connected to the engine through the input port, and the power distribution system is connected to the power generation system and the machine auxiliary system through different output ports; The power generation system includes a generator, a generator controller and a power reserve compensation device; The electric drive travel system includes a drive motor, a drive motor controller, a drive torque increasing device, and a drive wheel or crawler; the drive motor is connected to the drive torque increasing device, and the drive torque increasing device is connected to the drive wheel or crawler; The implement assist system includes a power take-off device and a hydraulic take-off device; The generator is electrically connected to the generator controller; The generator controller is electrically connected to the drive motor controller and the power reserve compensation device respectively, and the electrical connections are in a parallel relationship; The drive motor controller is electrically connected to the drive motor; a speed-increasing mechanism is provided in the power distribution system, one end of the speed-increasing mechanism is connected to the internal combustion engine, and the other end is connected to the generator; the speed-increasing mechanism is a gear or sprocket system; the speed-increasing mechanism has a reduction ratio of 0.2 to 0.7, which is the ratio of the speed of the internal combustion engine to the speed of the generator; The power storage compensation device includes a supercapacitor and a supercapacitor controller, and the power storage compensation device is not provided with a chemical battery; When the maximum power of the internal combustion engine is P kilowatts, the rated voltage of the supercapacitor is greater than or equal to 1.5P volts, and the capacity of the supercapacitor is greater than or equal to 0.02P farads; The supercapacitor controller is used to control the charging, discharging or protection operation of the supercapacitor according to the status of the supercapacitor and the status and requirements of the vehicle controller; The driving torque increasing device is a fixed speed ratio reducer or a two-speed transmission; The speed ratio i of the fixed speed ratio reducer is greater than or equal to 400 / V max , where V max The maximum speed of the tractor is designed in km / h; the first gear ratio of the two-speed transmission is i1, and i1 is greater than or equal to 600 / V max , the second gear ratio of the two-speed transmission is i2, and the speed ratio range ψ = i1 / i2 is greater than or equal to 1.3; The internal combustion engine also includes at least one low-voltage generator, the output voltage of the low-voltage generator is 12 or 24 volts, and the rated power is greater than or equal to 2 kilowatts.

2. The driving device of the range-extended tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive device of the extended-range tractor also includes a vehicle controller; the vehicle controller is used to obtain the vehicle's motion or operating requirements from the driver through a human-machine interface or a control background, and / or to determine and adjust the vehicle's motion or operating requirements based on vehicle or environmental conditions, and coordinate the various components of the drive device to achieve the vehicle's motion or operating requirements. The various components include an internal combustion engine controller, a generator controller, a supercapacitor controller, and a drive motor controller; The supercapacitor controller is used to control the supercapacitor charging and discharging power according to the supercapacitor status and the request of the whole machine controller, and output the working status and / or fault information of the supercapacitor and the supercapacitor controller; The generator controller is used to control the power generation of the generator according to the request of the whole machine controller and the status of the generator, and output the working status and / or fault information of the generator and the generator controller; The drive motor controller is used to control the speed and torque of the drive motor according to the request of the vehicle controller, and output the working status and / or fault information of the drive motor and the drive motor controller.

3. The driving device of the extended-range tractor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power storage compensation device also includes a DC-DC converter; when the maximum power of the internal combustion engine is P kilowatts, the rated power of the DC-DC converter is greater than or equal to 0.2P kilowatts, and the boost capability of the DC-DC converter is such that the ratio of its output voltage to its input voltage is greater than or equal to 1.

2.

4. The driving device of the range-extended tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the electric drive travel system is 2 or 4 sets; The drive motor controller of each electric drive travel system is electrically connected to the generator controller, and the electrical connections between the circuits are in parallel; The drive motor controller of each electric drive travel system is electrically connected to the supercapacitor controller, and the electrical connections between the circuits are in parallel.

5. The driving device of the range-extended tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the two-speed transmissions also includes a gear shift mechanism and a gear shift controller; The shift mechanism includes a shift motor, a motor reduction device, a shift fork and a shift fork position sensor; The shift controller receives the shift request from the vehicle controller, drives the shift motor by comparing the signal from the shift fork position sensor with the target position converted from the shift request, and finally realizes the shift function by shifting the synchronizer in the two-speed transmission through the shift fork, and outputs the working status and / or fault information of the supercapacitor and the supercapacitor controller.

6. The driving device of the range-extended tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power take-off device includes a power take-off clutch, a power take-off clutch controller and a power take-off gearbox, and the engine is connected to the power take-off clutch and the power take-off gearbox through a power distribution system; The power output clutch is controlled to engage and disengage by a power output clutch controller upon receiving a request from the whole machine controller. The power output gearbox is a single-speed gearbox, a multi-speed gearbox, a hydrostatic gearbox or a continuously variable gearbox. The hydraulic output device includes a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic valve group, a lifter, a hydraulic output controller and a hydraulic output port; The hydraulic pump is a fixed displacement pump, a variable displacement pump or a load-sensing variable displacement pump; The hydraulic pump is connected to the engine through a power distribution system; The lifter includes a hydraulic cylinder and a lift arm; The hydraulic valve group includes one or more hydraulic switch valves, proportional valves and / or relief valves, and is used to receive control signals from a hydraulic output controller, thereby adjusting the flow rate and / or pressure of the pressure oil in the hydraulic output port and the hydraulic cylinder of the lifter, and controlling the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump to enter or flow out of the hydraulic cylinder; The hydraulic output controller is used to send a control signal for the hydraulic valve opening to the hydraulic valve group according to the request of the vehicle controller or other controller, monitor the status of the hydraulic system through a temperature sensor or a pressure sensor, activate the protection function, and output the working status and / or fault information of the hydraulic output device.

7. The driving device of the range-extended tractor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lifter further includes a force sensor and / or an angle sensor; the hydraulic valve group further includes a temperature sensor and / or a pressure sensor.

8. An extended-range tractor, characterized in that: The extended-range tractor is provided with a drive device for the extended-range tractor according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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