A device for reducing sediment diffusion during the construction of dredgers

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for reducing sediment diffusion during the construction of a dredger. It is arranged on the sand suction boom above the cutter head. The sand suction boom is made of a hollow steel pipe. The cutter head is arranged at the lower end of the sand suction boom. A sand suction pipe is arranged inside the sand suction boom, and the lower end of the sand suction pipe is connected to the top of the cutter head. It includes a flexible flange sleeved and fixed on the sand suction boom. The bottom of the flexible flange is provided with a diffusion prevention cover with an open bottom that covers the cutter head. The diffusion prevention cover is provided with a jet sand crushing device that jets towards the open bottom at the lower end of the diffusion prevention cover. The structure of the present invention is simple, the equipment used is easy to manufacture, and the construction is convenient to operate. It can effectively prevent the diffusion of silt during dredging, reduce the secondary pollution of clean water bodies during dredging, protect the water quality of the reservoir, achieve environmental protection dredging, and at the same time effectively improve the efficiency of dredging and sand discharging operations and reduce the dredging cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water body dredging, and particularly relates to a device for reducing the diffusion of sediment during the construction of a dredger. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the technical field of reservoir dredging pipeline construction at home and abroad, various forms of dredgers have emerged. The dredgers are equipped with various types of mud suction devices, such as auger type, jet type, etc., which have the advantages of high efficiency and strong dredging ability. However, there is generally a problem that during the process of the mud suction head stirring the silt, a part of the silt around the mud suction head will spread. The spread of the silt pollutes the surrounding clean water body, thereby increasing the turbidity of the water body around the dredger, which is not conducive to the protection of the water body and also has an impact on the reservoir environment. For the sake of our green mountains and clear waters, it is necessary to avoid causing secondary harm to the reservoir environment during dredging as much as possible. Therefore, reducing the pollution of the water body by the diffused sludge during dredging has become a recognized difficult problem in the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a device for reducing the diffusion of sediment during the construction of a dredger, which has a scientific principle, a compact structure, and can improve the dredging effect.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A device for reducing the diffusion of sediment during the construction of a dredger is arranged on the sand pumping boom above the cutter suction head. The sand pumping boom is made of a hollow steel pipe. The cutter suction head is arranged at the lower end of the sand pumping boom. A sand pumping pipe is arranged inside the sand pumping boom. The lower end of the sand pumping pipe is connected to the top of the cutter suction head. It includes a flexible flange sleeved and fixed on the sand pumping boom. The bottom of the flexible flange is provided with a diffusion prevention cover with an open bottom to cover the cutter suction head. The diffusion prevention cover is provided with a jet sand crushing device that sprays towards the open bottom of the lower end of the diffusion prevention cover.

[0005] The jet sand crushing device includes a water pump, an upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe, and a lower annular jet pipe. The water pump is arranged at the top of the diffusion prevention cover. The upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe is arranged above the water pump. The lower annular jet pipe is arranged inside the diffusion prevention cover. The outer shape of the diffusion prevention cover is a frustum of a cone with a smaller top and a larger bottom. The center lines of the diffusion prevention cover, the upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe, and the lower annular jet pipe coincide. A plurality of water inlet holes are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the side of the upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe. The bottom of the upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe is connected to the outer edge of the top of the diffusion prevention cover through a plurality of inclined support rods. The top of the lower annular jet pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the diffusion prevention cover through a plurality of vertical connecting rods. A plurality of jet nozzles are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction at the bottom of the lower annular jet pipe. The water inlet of the water pump is connected to the bottom of the upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe through a water inlet pipe. The water outlet of the water pump is connected to the top of the lower annular jet pipe through a water outlet pipe that passes downward through the top of the diffusion prevention cover.

[0006] The diameter of the upper annular diffusive sediment suction pipe is larger than the maximum diameter of the bottom of the anti-diffusion cover, and the centerlines of the water inlet holes are all inclined downward.

[0007] There are four water pumps, and the four water pumps are arranged in a circular array along the centerline of the anti-diffusion cover.

[0008] A number of water permeable trough openings are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction at the bottom of the anti-diffusion cover.

[0009] Adopting the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following innovation and corresponding technical effects:

[0010] A device for reducing the diffusion of dredged sediment (the present invention) is installed on the sand suction boom above the cutter head on the dredging ship through a flexible flange. The anti-diffusion cover is fixed at the connection between the cutter head and the sand suction boom through a flexible flange, so that the cutter head is inside the anti-diffusion cover below. When the diffusive sediment water body formed by the cutter head stirring the deposited sediment is first blocked by the anti-diffusion cover, the diffusion ability is reduced. At the same time, the anti-diffusion cover can form a sealed space with the silt layer. When the sand suction volume of the sand suction pipe connected to the cutter head is large, a negative pressure can be formed under the anti-diffusion cover. The negative pressure makes it difficult for the stirred silt and sediment to diffuse. At the same time, there are water permeable trough openings around the anti-diffusion cover. When there is a negative pressure under the anti-diffusion cover, the surrounding water can enter the anti-diffusion cover through the water permeable trough openings on the circumference of the bottom of the anti-diffusion cover, and at the same time, the silt around is washed into the anti-diffusion cover and sucked away by the sand suction pipe. While improving the dredging efficiency, it effectively prevents the diffusion of silt and reduces the pollution of the water body by the stirred silt. This is the first barrier to reduce the diffusion of deposited sediment.

[0011] The driving device of the jet sand crushing device is an electric water pump or a water pump driven by hydraulic pressure. There are four water pumps, which are fixed on the anti-diffusion cover, connected to the lower annular jet pipe through an outlet pipe downward, and connected to the upper annular diffusive sediment suction pipe through an inlet pipe upward. The water pump can convert electrical energy or hydraulic energy into liquid kinetic energy, so that the water inlet holes on the outer circle of the upper annular diffusive sediment suction pipe can suck in a small amount of diffusive sediment diffused from around the anti-diffusion cover, avoiding the pollution of the water body by the diffusive sediment. The sucked diffusive sediment water body is accelerated by the water pump and ejected through the jet nozzle installed under the lower annular jet pipe. Since the lower annular jet pipe directly faces the deposited sediment layer downward, the ejected polluted water body has a large initial velocity. The powerful initial velocity can lift the deposited sediment, and the deposited sediment and the sediment form slurry and are sucked away by the dredging ship through the sand suction pipe. In this way, not only the diffusive silt polluted water body above the anti-diffusion cover is sucked out to reduce the existence of the polluted water body above the anti-diffusion cover, but also this part of the polluted water body is accelerated by the water pump and ejected through the jet nozzle, disturbing the silt layer, forming slurry with the silt and being sucked away by the sand suction pipe, achieving the effect of saving energy and reducing pollution.

[0012] The upper annular diffusive sediment suction pipe is fixed above the anti-diffusion cover through inclined strut rods. There are many water inlet holes distributed on the circumference of the upper annular diffusive sediment suction pipe. Under the suction of the water pump, the water inlet holes on the upper annular diffusive sediment suction pipe can suck the slightly diffused sediment-contaminated water around the anti-diffusion cover back into the water pump and inject it into the lower part of the anti-diffusion cover through the lower annular jet pipe, where it mixes with the deposited sediment to form slurry and is sucked away by the sand suction pipe. The many water inlet holes arranged on the circumference of the upper annular diffusive sediment suction pipe can effectively suck or capture the slightly diffused sediment-contaminated water around the anti-diffusion cover, preventing it from diffusing and causing secondary water pollution, effectively keeping the water above the anti-diffusion cover clean and preventing the diffusion of pollutants. This is the second barrier for the present invention to reduce the diffusion of dredged sediment.

[0013] The top of the lower annular jet pipe is fixed inside the anti-diffusion cover through several vertical connecting rods and is connected to the water pump upward through a water outlet pipe. The contaminated water sucked by the upper annular diffusive sediment suction pipe is accelerated by the water pump and sprayed out from the jet nozzle in a certain shape and speed, impacting the compacted sediment layer to form slurry, which is then sucked into the sand suction pipe and taken away by the dredger, effectively improving the dredging efficiency of the dredger, reducing water pollution at the same time, and saving power.

[0014] The control system is on the dredger 1. It controls the start, stop and operating speed of the water pump according to needs and working conditions, sucks the diffused contaminated water, accelerates the diffused contaminated water through the water pump, sprays it out from the jet nozzle in a certain shape and speed, impacts the compacted sediment to form slurry, which is sucked in by the cutter head and taken away by the sand suction pipe, effectively improving the dredging efficiency of the cutter head.

[0015] The control system controls the start, stop and operating speed of the water pump, thereby adjusting the amount of diffused contaminated water sucked in, avoiding sucking clean water and causing energy waste, thus saving energy and reducing the dredging cost.

[0016] The working principle of the present invention is specifically as follows: When the dredger lowers the sand suction boom and drives the cutter head to rotate, the accumulated sediment is agitated and mixed with the water body to form slurry, which is sucked away by the sand suction pipe and transported to the dredger. At this time, a lot of diffused sediment particles are generated around the cutter head and mixed with the water body to form polluted water. At this time, since an anti-diffusion cover is installed at the connection between the cutter head and the sand suction boom through a flexible connection flange, the anti-diffusion cover wraps the upper part and the surrounding of the cutter head as a whole. The lower part of the anti-diffusion cover contacts the accumulated sediment layer to form a sealed space. In this way, most of the diffused sediment particles and the polluted water body formed by mixing with the water body are covered under the anti-diffusion cover and are difficult to diffuse out, thus effectively reducing the diffusion of the diffused sediment. Even if a very small amount of diffused sediment escapes from the circumference of the anti-diffusion cover, it will be sucked into the water inlet holes of the upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe, accelerated by the water pump, and ejected through the jet nozzles on the lower annular jet pipe at a very high initial velocity to scour the compacted sediment layer of the accumulation, loosen it, and mix with the sediment to form slurry, which is pumped out through the sand suction pipe and transported to the dredger, effectively reducing the amount of diffused sediment during dredging by the dredger, protecting the water body cleanliness around the dredger, and providing a feasible device for environmental protection dredging.

[0017] The diameter of the upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe is larger than the maximum diameter of the bottom of the anti-diffusion cover, which can increase the suction range of the diffused sediment; the center lines of the water inlet holes are all inclined downward, which can improve the suction efficiency of the diffused sediment.

[0018] To sum up, the structure of the present invention is simple, the equipment adopted is easy to manufacture, and the construction is convenient to operate. It can effectively prevent the diffusion of silt during dredging by the dredger, reduce the secondary pollution of the clean water body during dredging, protect the water quality of the reservoir, achieve environmental protection dredging, and at the same time effectively improve the efficiency of the dredging and sediment discharging operation and reduce the dredging cost.

[0019] The materials and equipment adopted by the present invention are all domestic. The equipment adopted is easy to manufacture, the construction is convenient to operate and simple, and the manufacturing cost is very low. After adopting the present invention, when the dredger is under construction, it can not only achieve environmental protection dredging, but also effectively improve the efficiency of the dredging and sediment discharging operation and reduce the dredging cost. After popularization, it will produce good economic and social benefits and is easy to be popularized and used in the field of reservoir dredging pipeline construction technology at home and abroad. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention in the working state;

[0021] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an enlarged view of the present invention in

[0022] Figure 3 is a top view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of preventing sediment diffusion during the sand dredging process of the present invention. Specific implementation manner

[0024] A device for reducing sediment diffusion during the construction of a dredger of the present invention is provided on the sand suction boom 5 above the suction head 3. The sand suction boom 5 is made of a hollow steel pipe. The suction head 3 is arranged at the lower end of the sand suction boom 5. A sand suction pipe 2 is arranged inside the sand suction boom 5. The lower end of the sand suction pipe 2 is connected to the top of the suction head 3. It includes a flexible flange 9 sleeved and fixed on the sand suction boom 5. A diffusion prevention cover 7 with an open bottom covering the suction head 3 is provided at the bottom of the flexible flange 9. A jet sand crushing device 20 for spraying towards the open bottom of the diffusion prevention cover 7 is provided on the diffusion prevention cover 7.

[0025] The jet sand crushing device 20 includes a water pump 13, an upper annular diffusion sediment suction pipe 10 and a lower annular jet pipe 16. The water pump 13 is arranged at the top of the diffusion prevention cover 7. The upper annular diffusion sediment suction pipe 10 is arranged above the water pump 13. The lower annular jet pipe 16 is arranged inside the diffusion prevention cover 7. The outer shape of the diffusion prevention cover 7 is a frustum of a cone with a smaller top and a larger bottom. The center lines of the diffusion prevention cover 7, the upper annular diffusion sediment suction pipe 10 and the lower annular jet pipe 16 coincide. A plurality of water inlet holes 11 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the side of the upper annular diffusion sediment suction pipe 10. The bottom of the upper annular diffusion sediment suction pipe 10 is connected to the outer edge of the top of the diffusion prevention cover 7 through a plurality of inclined support rods 12. The top of the lower annular jet pipe 16 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the diffusion prevention cover 7 through a plurality of vertical connecting rods 18. A plurality of jet nozzles 17 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction at the bottom of the lower annular jet pipe 16. The water inlet of the water pump 13 is connected to the bottom of the upper annular diffusion sediment suction pipe 10 through a water inlet pipe 14. The water outlet of the water pump 13 is connected to the top of the lower annular jet pipe 16 through a water outlet pipe 15 passing through the top of the diffusion prevention cover 7 downward.

[0026] The diameter of the upper annular diffusion sediment suction pipe 10 is larger than the maximum diameter of the bottom of the diffusion prevention cover 7. The center lines of the water inlet holes 11 are all inclined downward.

[0027] Four water pumps 13 are provided, and the four water pumps 13 are arranged in a circular array along the center line of the diffusion prevention cover 7.

[0028] A plurality of water permeable trough openings 8 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction at the bottom of the diffusion prevention cover 7.

[0029] Above the dredging head 3 on the dredging ship, a device for reducing the diffusion of dredged sediment (the present invention) is installed on the sand suction boom 5 through a flexible flange 9. The anti-diffusion cover 7 is fixed to the connection between the dredging head 3 and the sand suction boom 5 through the flexible flange 9, so that the dredging head 3 is inside the anti-diffusion cover 7 below. When the diffused sediment water body formed by the dredging head 3 stirring the deposited sediment is first blocked by the anti-diffusion cover 7, the diffusion ability is reduced. At the same time, the anti-diffusion cover 7 can form a sealed space with the silt layer. When the sand suction volume of the sand suction pipe 2 connected to the dredging head 3 is large, a negative pressure can be formed below the anti-diffusion cover 7. The negative pressure makes it difficult for the stirred silt sediment to diffuse. At the same time, water permeable slots 8 are left around the anti-diffusion cover 7. When there is a negative pressure below the anti-diffusion cover 7, the surrounding water can enter the anti-diffusion cover 7 through the water permeable slots 8 at the bottom circumference of the anti-diffusion cover 7, and at the same time, the surrounding sediment is washed into the anti-diffusion cover 7 and sucked away by the sand suction pipe 2. While improving the dredging efficiency, it effectively prevents the diffusion of silt, reduces the pollution of the water body by the stirred silt, and this is the first barrier to reducing the diffusion of deposited sediment.

[0030] The driving device of the jet sand crushing device 20 is an electric water pump 13 or a hydraulically driven water pump 13. Four water pumps 13 are provided and fixed on the anti-diffusion cover 7. They are connected downward through the water outlet pipe 15 and the lower annular jet pipe 16, and upward through the water inlet pipe 14 and the upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe 10. The water pump 13 can convert electrical energy or hydraulic energy into liquid kinetic energy, so that the water inlet holes 11 on the outer circle of the upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe 10 can suck in a small amount of diffused sediment diffused from around the anti-diffusion cover 7, avoiding the pollution of the water body by the diffused sediment. The pumped diffused sediment water body is accelerated by the water pump 13 and ejected through the jet nozzles 17 installed below the lower annular jet pipe 16. Since the lower annular jet pipe 16 directly faces downward the deposited sediment layer, the ejected polluted water body has a large initial velocity. The powerful initial velocity can lift the deposited sediment, so that the deposited sediment and the sediment form mud and are pumped away by the dredging ship through the sand suction pipe 2. In this way, not only the diffused silt polluted water body above the anti-diffusion cover 7 is sucked out to reduce the existence of the polluted water body above the anti-diffusion cover 7, but at the same time, this part of the polluted water body is accelerated by the water pump 13 and ejected through the jet nozzles 17, disturbing the silt layer, forming mud with the silt and being pumped away by the sand suction pipe 2, achieving the effect of saving energy and reducing pollution.

[0031] The upper annular diffusing sediment suction pipe 10 is fixed above the anti-diffusion cover 7 through the diagonal bracing rods 12. A plurality of water inlet holes 11 are arranged on the circumference of the upper annular diffusing sediment suction pipe 10. Under the suction of the water pump 13, the water inlet holes 11 on the upper annular diffusing sediment suction pipe 10 can suck the slightly diffused sediment-contaminated water around the anti-diffusion cover 7 back into the water pump 13 and inject it through the lower annular jet pipe 16 below the anti-diffusion cover 7, where it is mixed with the deposited sediment to form slurry and is sucked away by the sand suction pipe 2. The many water inlet holes 11 arranged on the circumference of the upper annular diffusing sediment suction pipe 10 can effectively suck or capture the slightly diffused sediment-contaminated water around the anti-diffusion cover 7, preventing it from diffusing and causing secondary water pollution, effectively keeping the water above the anti-diffusion cover 7 clean, and preventing the diffusion of pollutants. This is the second barrier for the present invention to reduce the diffusion of dredged sediment.

[0032] The top of the lower annular jet pipe 16 is fixed inside the anti-diffusion cover 7 through several vertical connecting rods 18 and is connected to the water pump 13 upward through the water outlet pipe 15. The polluted water sucked by the upper annular diffusing sediment suction pipe 10, after being accelerated by the water pump 13, is ejected from the jet nozzle 17 in a certain shape and speed, impacts the compacted sediment layer and forms slurry with it, and then is sucked by the sand suction pipe 2 and taken away by the dredger, effectively improving the dredging efficiency of the dredger and reducing water pollution while saving power.

[0033] The control system 19 is on the dredger 1. It controls the start-stop and operating speed of the water pump 13 according to needs and working conditions, sucks the diffused polluted water, accelerates the diffused polluted water through the water pump 13, and ejects it from the jet nozzle 17 in a certain shape and speed to impact the compacted sediment to form slurry, which is sucked by the cutter head 3 and taken away by the sand suction pipe 2, effectively improving the dredging efficiency of the cutter head 3.

[0034] The control system 19 controls the start-stop and operating speed of the water pump 13, thereby regulating the amount of diffused polluted water sucked, avoiding sucking clean water and causing energy waste, thus saving energy and reducing the dredging cost.

[0035] The working principle of the present invention is specifically as follows: When the dredger lowers the sand suction boom 5 and drives the cutter suction head 3 to rotate, the accumulated sediment is agitated and mixed with the water body to form slurry, which is sucked away by the sand suction pipe 2 and transported to the dredger. At this time, a lot of diffused sediment particles are generated around the cutter suction head 3 and mixed with the water body to form polluted water body 6. At this time, since an anti-diffusion cover 7 is installed at the connection between the cutter suction head 3 and the sand suction boom 5 through a flexible connection flange, the anti-diffusion cover 7 wraps the upper part and the surrounding of the cutter suction head 3 as a whole. The lower part of the anti-diffusion cover 7 contacts the accumulated sediment layer 4 to form a sealed space. In this way, most of the diffused sediment particles and the water body mixed to form the polluted water body 6 are covered under the anti-diffusion cover 7 and are difficult to diffuse out, thus effectively reducing the diffusion of the diffused sediment. Even if a very small amount of diffused sediment escapes from the circumference of the anti-diffusion cover 7, it will be sucked into the water inlet holes 11 of the upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe 10, accelerated by the water pump 13, and ejected through the jet nozzles 17 on the lower annular jet pipe 16 at a very high initial velocity, scouring the compacted sediment layer of the accumulation to loosen it and mixing with the sediment to form slurry, which is pumped out through the sand suction pipe 2 and transported to the dredger, effectively reducing the amount of diffused sediment during dredging by the dredger, protecting the water body cleanliness around the dredger, and providing a feasible device for environmental protection dredging. Figure 4 The arrows in it indicate the flow directions of sediment and water during the suction process.

[0036] The diameter of the upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe 10 is larger than the maximum diameter of the bottom of the anti-diffusion cover 7, which can increase the suction range of the diffused sediment; the center lines of the water inlet holes 11 are all inclined downward, which can improve the suction efficiency of the diffused sediment.

[0037] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for reducing the sediment diffusion during the construction of a dredging vessel, which is arranged on the sand suction boom above the cutter head. The sand suction boom is made of a hollow steel pipe. The cutter head is arranged at the lower end of the sand suction boom. A sand suction pipe is arranged inside the sand suction boom. The lower end of the sand suction pipe is connected to the top of the cutter head. It is characterized in that: A flexible flange that includes a set and is fixed on the large sand suction arm. The bottom of the flexible flange is provided with an anti-diffusion cover with an open bottom that covers the cutter head. The anti-diffusion cover is provided with a jet sand crushing device that jets towards the open bottom at the lower end of the anti-diffusion cover; The jet sand crushing device includes a water pump, an upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe, and a lower annular jet pipe. The water pump is arranged on the top of the anti-diffusion cover. The upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe is arranged above the water pump. The lower annular jet pipe is arranged inside the anti-diffusion cover. The outer shape of the anti-diffusion cover is a frustum of a cone with a smaller top and a larger bottom. The center lines of the anti-diffusion cover, the upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe, and the lower annular jet pipe coincide. A number of water inlet holes are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the side of the upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe. The bottom of the upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe is connected to the outer edge of the top of the anti-diffusion cover through a number of inclined support rods. The top of the lower annular jet pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the anti-diffusion cover through a number of vertical connecting rods. A number of jet nozzles are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction at the bottom of the lower annular jet pipe. The water inlet of the water pump is connected to the bottom of the upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe through a water inlet pipe. The water outlet of the water pump is connected to the top of the lower annular jet pipe through a water outlet pipe that passes downward through the top of the anti-diffusion cover; The diameter of the upper annular diffused sediment suction pipe is larger than the maximum diameter of the bottom of the anti-diffusion cover, and the center lines of the water inlet holes are all inclined downward; There are four water pumps, and the four water pumps are arranged in a circular array along the center line of the anti-diffusion cover; A number of water permeable trough openings are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction at the bottom of the anti-diffusion cover.

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