A feed additive for removing heavy metal residues and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention provides a feed additive for removing heavy metal residues, and a preparation method and application thereof, which belong to the field of feed processing technology and the field of development and utilization of edible natural plant resources. The feed additive of the present invention includes lycopene and plant extracts; the plant extracts include carrot extract, wolfberry extract, astragalus extract, ginseng extract, monk fruit extract, ginkgo leaf extract, green tea extract, honeysuckle extract, ganoderma extract, grape seed extract, mulberry extract and rhodiola rosea extract. The feed additive has a strong adsorption effect and nucleophilicity, and can form a complex with harmful heavy metal ions, so that these heavy metals cannot be oxidized to produce toxic substances, and are excreted from the body in the form of complexes through metabolism, thereby eliminating or reducing the harm and residues of harmful heavy metals to animal bodies. The feed additive fills the gap in the market for heavy metal reduction control feed additives, and has a good promotion prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of feed processing and the field of development and utilization of edible natural plant resources, and specifically relates to a feed additive for removing heavy metal residues and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the expansion of the scale of livestock and poultry breeding industry and the improvement of the degree of intensiveness, heavy metal pollution is one of the most sensitive environmental issues. Among the numerous harmful substance residues, heavy metal pollutants are more toxic, enriched and long-term to manage than other pollutants, and they can enter the bodies of livestock and poultry through various links of livestock and poultry breeding (feeding environment and feed processing), causing heavy metal residues in the bodies of livestock and poultry, thereby endangering human health. In view of the problem of heavy metal residues in the development of livestock and poultry breeding industry, it is necessary to fully understand the hazards and main causes of heavy metal residues, and effectively regulate the feeding environment and feed processing links in animal husbandry to reduce heavy metal residues. In short, as long as the intake of heavy metals is controlled from the source, the problem of heavy metal pollution can be reduced to the lowest point.

[0003] At present, heavy metal removers are mainly used in the field of sewage treatment technology, while there are relatively few studies on their application in livestock and poultry farming. The livestock and poultry farming industry lacks natural and efficient heavy metal removers, and no related products have been applied in production practice. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a feed additive that can remove heavy metal residues in livestock and poultry and reduce the residues of various heavy metals in animal products.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a feed additive for removing heavy metal residues, comprising lycopene and plant extracts;

[0007] The plant extracts include carrot extract, wolfberry extract, astragalus extract, ginseng extract, monk fruit extract, ginkgo leaf extract, green tea extract, honeysuckle extract, ganoderma lucidum extract, grape seed extract, mulberry extract and rhodiola rosea extract.

[0008] Preferably, the feed additive comprises the following components by weight:

[0009] 16-21 parts of lycopene, 7-14 parts of carrot extract, 9-15 parts of wolfberry extract, 11-15 parts of astragalus extract, 2-5 parts of ginseng extract, 6-13 parts of monk fruit extract, 8-17 parts of ginkgo leaf extract, 12-19 parts of green tea extract, 11-16 parts of honeysuckle extract, 6-12 parts of ganoderma lucidum extract, 4-9 parts of grape seed extract, 5-10 parts of mulberry extract and 3-7 parts of rhodiola rosea extract.

[0010] Preferably, the feed additive comprises the following components by weight:

[0011] 17-20 parts of lycopene, 8 parts of carrot extract, 9-13 parts of wolfberry extract, 12-14 parts of astragalus extract, 3-4 parts of ginseng extract, 7-12 parts of monk fruit extract, 8-16 parts of ginkgo leaf extract, 12-16 parts of green tea extract, 15-16 parts of honeysuckle extract, 7-11 parts of ganoderma lucidum extract, 8-9 parts of grape seed extract, 6-7 parts of mulberry extract and 5-6 parts of rhodiola rosea extract.

[0012] Preferably, the method for preparing the plant extract comprises the following steps:

[0013] Mixing the plant material with water and extracting it to obtain a plant water extract;

[0014] Mixing the plant water extract with ethanol and precipitating the mixture to obtain a purified extract;

[0015] The purified extract is concentrated and dried to obtain a plant extract.

[0016] Preferably, the mass ratio of the plant raw material to the volume of water is 1:(8-10); the temperature of the mixed extraction is 50-70°C, and the time is 30-90 minutes.

[0017] Preferably, the amount of ethanol added is 60% to 70% of the volume of the plant water extract; and the alcohol precipitation time is 12 to 24 hours.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for using the feed additive described in the above technical solution, wherein the feed additive is mixed with a basic diet for feeding; the mass ratio of the feed additive to the basic diet is (1-2):1000.

[0019] The present invention also provides an application of the feed additive described in the above technical solution in the removal of heavy metals.

[0020] Preferably, the application includes any one or more of the following I to III: I. Reducing heavy metal residues in livestock and poultry; II. Reducing heavy metal residues in animal products; III. Reducing heavy metal residues in livestock and poultry feces.

[0021] The present invention also provides an application of the feed additive described in the above technical solution in improving the growth performance of livestock and poultry and improving the quality of livestock and poultry meat.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] The present invention provides a feed additive for removing heavy metal residues, comprising lycopene and plant extracts; the plant extracts include carrot extract, wolfberry extract, astragalus extract, ginseng extract, monk fruit extract, ginkgo leaf extract, green tea extract, honeysuckle extract, ganoderma lucidum extract, grape seed extract, mulberry extract and rhodiola rosea extract. The feed additive provided by the present invention has a detoxification mechanism for heavy metals in that, under heavy metal stress, the feed additive is complexed with the heavy metal, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the heavy metal and making it a low-toxic or non-toxic complex. At the same time, the body's own antioxidant system is enhanced by lycopene, the removal of ROS is accelerated, and the best and least damaging part is found to store the passivated heavy metals in the body, and these detoxification mechanisms are not independent, and there is a mutually reinforcing relationship between them. The antioxidant system promotes the formation of complexes while removing ROS, and enhances its own clearance effect while improving the complexing ability of heavy metals. The complexed product is more conducive to the heavy metal transporter to transfer it to the cell wall and vacuole. In summary, the feed additive provided by the present invention has a strong adsorption effect and nucleophilicity, can form a complex with harmful heavy metal ions, so that these heavy metals cannot be oxidized to produce toxic substances, and are excreted from the body in the form of complexes through metabolism, eliminating or reducing the harm and residues of harmful heavy metals to the animal body, and at the same time reducing the pollution of the environment by heavy metal residues in a free state in livestock and poultry feces. The results of the examples show that the feed additive provided by the present invention can effectively reduce the heavy metal residues in broilers, dairy cows and pigs, and reduce the heavy metal content in milk. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention provides a feed additive for removing heavy metal residues, comprising lycopene and plant extracts;

[0025] The plant extracts include carrot extract, wolfberry extract, astragalus extract, ginseng extract, monk fruit extract, ginkgo leaf extract, green tea extract, honeysuckle extract, ganoderma lucidum extract, grape seed extract, mulberry extract and rhodiola rosea extract.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified, the present invention has no special requirements on the sources of the components, and commercially available products known to those skilled in the art may be used.

[0027] In parts by mass, the feed additive provided by the present invention preferably includes 16 to 21 parts of lycopene, more preferably 17 to 20 parts, and more preferably 18 parts. In the present invention, the lycopene can enhance its own antioxidant system, accelerate the removal of ROS and find the best and least harmful part to store the passivated heavy metals in the body. In addition, the lycopene of the present invention also has the functions of improving the immune function of livestock and poultry, enhancing resistance, preventing diseases, increasing the ability of sick livestock to resist stress, reducing the elimination rate of livestock and poultry, and effectively reducing the economic losses caused by diseases; at the same time, it can significantly improve the quality and flavor of livestock and poultry meat, improve the antioxidant capacity of livestock and poultry products, and at the same time improve the nutritional value of livestock and poultry products.

[0028] In the present invention, the plant extract is preferably a plant alcohol extract; and the preparation method of the plant extract preferably comprises the following steps:

[0029] Mixing the plant material with water and extracting it to obtain a plant water extract;

[0030] Mixing the plant water extract with ethanol and precipitating the mixture to obtain a purified extract;

[0031] The purified extract is concentrated and dried to obtain a plant extract.

[0032] The present invention preferably mixes the plant raw material with water for extraction to obtain a plant water extract. Before the plant raw material is mixed with water, the present invention preferably crushes the plant raw material to obtain a plant crushed material. The present invention does not specifically limit the method of crushing, and the conventional crushing method in the art can be used. The present invention preferably uses a crusher to crush the plant raw material. After the plant raw material is crushed, the present invention preferably sieves it to obtain a plant crushed material. In the present invention, the aperture of the sieve is preferably 30 to 100 mesh, more preferably 40 to 80 mesh, more preferably 50 to 70 mesh, and more preferably 60 mesh. The undersize obtained in the present invention is the plant crushed material. In the present invention, the mass ratio of the plant raw material to the volume of water is preferably 1kg: (8 to 10) L, more preferably 1kg: 9L. In the present invention, the water is preferably distilled water. The temperature of the mixed extraction in the present invention is preferably 50 to 70°C, more preferably 55 to 65°C, and more preferably 60°C. In the preparation of plant extracts, a temperature below 50°C is not conducive to the dissolution and diffusion of soluble components, and cannot promote the leaching of effective components; a temperature above 70°C will cause certain components in the plant extract to be destroyed or volatilized, the leaching of ineffective components will increase, and impurities will increase. The leaching temperature provided by the present invention can better promote the leaching of effective components of plant raw materials while reducing the leaching of impurities. The time for the mixed leaching of the present invention is preferably 30 to 90 minutes, more preferably 40 to 80 minutes, more preferably 50 to 70 minutes, and more preferably 60 minutes. After the leaching is completed, the present invention preferably filters the extract, and the obtained filtrate is the plant water extract. In the present invention, the filtration mainly removes insoluble impurities during the water extraction of plant raw materials. The present invention does not specifically limit the filtering method, and the conventional filtering method in the art can be used.

[0033] After obtaining the plant water extract, the present invention preferably mixes the plant water extract with ethanol for alcohol precipitation to obtain a purified extract. In the present invention, the amount of ethanol added is preferably 60% to 70% of the volume of the plant water extract, and more preferably 65%. The alcohol precipitation time of the present invention is preferably 12 to 24 hours, more preferably 15 to 20 hours, and more preferably 18 hours. In the present invention, the alcohol precipitation is preferably carried out under static conditions. The alcohol precipitation of the present invention mainly removes water-soluble impurities in the plant water extract; the amount of ethanol added and the alcohol precipitation time of the present invention can basically ensure that all impurities in the plant water extract are removed. After the alcohol precipitation is completed, the present invention preferably filters the mixed solution, and the obtained filtrate is the purified extract. In the present invention, the filtration is mainly to purify the effective components of the plant extract and remove impurities after the alcohol precipitation treatment. The present invention does not specifically limit the filtering method, and the conventional filtering method in the field can be used.

[0034] After obtaining the purified extract, the present invention preferably concentrates and dries the purified extract to obtain a plant extract. The present invention does not specifically limit the methods of concentration and drying, and any conventional concentration or drying method in the art may be used. The concentration method of the present invention may be reduced pressure concentration or evaporation concentration; the drying method may be spray drying, freeze drying, and reduced pressure drying.

[0035] In the present invention, the plant raw materials preferably include carrots, wolfberries, astragalus, ginseng, monk fruit, ginkgo leaves, green tea, honeysuckle, ganoderma, grape seeds, mulberries and rhodiola rosea. In the present invention, the plant extracts are prepared using the above plant raw materials. The present invention preferably uses the above plant raw materials to prepare the plant extracts of each raw material and then prepares the feed additive.

[0036] Based on the mass fraction of the lycopene, the feed additive provided by the present invention preferably includes 7 to 14 parts of carrot extract, more preferably 8 to 14 parts, and even more preferably 8 parts.

[0037] Based on the mass fraction of the lycopene, the feed additive provided by the present invention preferably includes 9 to 15 parts of wolfberry extract, more preferably 9 to 13 parts, and even more preferably 11 parts.

[0038] Based on the mass fraction of the lycopene, the feed additive provided by the present invention preferably includes 11 to 15 parts of astragalus extract, more preferably 12 to 14 parts, and even more preferably 13 parts.

[0039] Based on the mass fraction of the lycopene, the feed additive provided by the present invention preferably includes 2 to 5 parts of ginseng extract, more preferably 3 to 4 parts, and even more preferably 3 parts.

[0040] Based on the mass fraction of the lycopene, the feed additive provided by the present invention preferably includes 6 to 13 parts of monk fruit extract, more preferably 7 to 12 parts, and even more preferably 12 parts.

[0041] Based on the mass fraction of the lycopene, the feed additive provided by the present invention preferably includes 8 to 17 parts of ginkgo leaf extract, more preferably 8 to 16 parts, and even more preferably 13 parts.

[0042] Based on the mass fraction of the lycopene, the feed additive provided by the present invention preferably includes 12 to 19 parts of green tea extract, more preferably 12 to 16 parts, and even more preferably 15 parts.

[0043] Based on the mass fraction of the lycopene, the feed additive provided by the present invention preferably includes 11 to 16 parts of honeysuckle extract, more preferably 15 to 16 parts, and more preferably 15 parts.

[0044] Based on the mass fraction of the lycopene, the feed additive provided by the present invention preferably includes 6 to 12 parts of Ganoderma lucidum extract, more preferably 7 to 11 parts, and even more preferably 11 parts.

[0045] Based on the mass fraction of the lycopene, the feed additive provided by the present invention preferably includes 4 to 9 parts of grape seed extract, more preferably 8 to 9 parts, and even more preferably 8 parts.

[0046] Based on the mass fraction of the lycopene, the feed additive provided by the present invention preferably includes 5 to 10 parts of mulberry extract, more preferably 6 to 7 parts, and even more preferably 7 parts.

[0047] Based on the mass fraction of the lycopene, the feed additive provided by the present invention preferably includes 3 to 7 parts of Rhodiola rosea extract, more preferably 5 to 6 parts, and even more preferably 6 parts.

[0048] The feed additive provided by the present invention contains a variety of plant extracts, which can be complexed with heavy metals to accelerate the discharge of heavy metal ions in the body and effectively reduce the concentration of heavy metal ions in the body or blood; at the same time, the plant extracts have the effects of enhancing the body's immune function, lowering blood pressure and resisting stress.

[0049] The feed additive provided by the present invention is composed of lycopene and a variety of plant extracts. Under heavy metal stress, the feed additive is complexed with heavy metals, thereby reducing the effectiveness of heavy metals and making them into low-toxic or non-toxic complexes. At the same time, lycopene is used to enhance the body's own antioxidant system, accelerate the body's removal of ROS, and find the best part with the least damage to itself to store the passivated heavy metals in the body, and these detoxification mechanisms are not independent, and there is a mutually reinforcing relationship between them. The antioxidant system promotes the formation of complexes while removing ROS, enhances its own removal effect, and improves the complexing ability of heavy metals. The complexed products are more conducive to the heavy metal transporter to transfer them to the cell wall and vacuole. The raw materials in the feed additive cooperate with each other to have strong adsorption and nucleophilicity, can complex with harmful heavy metal ions, so that these heavy metals cannot be oxidized to produce toxic substances, and are excreted from the body in the form of complexes through metabolism, eliminating or reducing the harm and residues of harmful heavy metals to the animal body.

[0050] In a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, the feed additive for removing heavy metal residues includes the following components by weight: 18 parts of lycopene, 8 parts of carrot extract, 13 parts of wolfberry extract, 12 parts of astragalus extract, 3 parts of ginseng extract, 12 parts of monk fruit extract, 8 parts of ginkgo leaf extract, 15 parts of green tea extract, 16 parts of honeysuckle extract, 7 parts of ganoderma lucidum extract, 8 parts of grape seed extract, 6 parts of mulberry extract and 6 parts of rhodiola rosea extract.

[0051] In a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, the feed additive for removing heavy metal residues includes the following components by weight: 17 parts of lycopene, 8 parts of carrot extract, 9 parts of wolfberry extract, 14 parts of astragalus extract, 4 parts of ginseng extract, 12 parts of monk fruit extract, 13 parts of ginkgo leaf extract, 16 parts of green tea extract, 15 parts of honeysuckle extract, 11 parts of ganoderma lucidum extract, 8 parts of grape seed extract, 7 parts of mulberry extract and 5 parts of rhodiola rosea extract.

[0052] In a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, the feed additive for removing heavy metal residues includes the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of lycopene, 8 parts of carrot extract, 11 parts of wolfberry extract, 14 parts of astragalus extract, 3 parts of ginseng extract, 7 parts of monk fruit extract, 16 parts of ginkgo leaf extract, 12 parts of green tea extract, 15 parts of honeysuckle extract, 11 parts of ganoderma lucidum extract, 9 parts of grape seed extract, 7 parts of mulberry extract and 6 parts of rhodiola rosea extract.

[0053] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the feed additive described in the above technical solution, comprising mixing lycopene and a plant extract to obtain the feed additive.

[0054] The present invention also provides a method for using the feed additive described in the above technical solution, wherein the feed additive is mixed with a basic diet for feeding; the mass ratio of the feed additive to the basic diet is (1-2):1000, more preferably 1:1000.

[0055] The present invention has no particular limitation on the mixing method, and conventional mixing methods in the art may be used to mix uniformly.

[0056] The present invention also provides an application of the feed additive described in the above technical solution in the removal of heavy metals.

[0057] In the present invention, the application preferably includes one or more of reducing heavy metal residues in livestock and poultry, reducing heavy metal residues in animal products, and reducing heavy metal residues in livestock and poultry feces. In the present invention, the livestock and poultry preferably include chickens, cattle and pigs; the animal products preferably include one or more of livestock and poultry meat products, livestock and poultry egg products and livestock and poultry dairy products.

[0058] The present invention also provides an application of the feed additive described in the above technical solution in improving the growth performance of livestock and poultry and improving the quality of livestock and poultry meat. Improving the growth performance of livestock and poultry described in the present invention preferably includes promoting the growth of livestock and poultry; improving the quality of livestock and poultry meat described in the present invention preferably includes reducing the heavy metal residues in livestock and poultry meat, thereby achieving the effect of improving the quality of livestock and poultry meat.

[0059] The natural plant extract feed additive of the present invention has the advantages of abundant raw materials, moderate cost, safety and high efficiency, simple preparation, feasible application mode and the like.

[0060] The natural plant extract feed additive of the invention can promote the growth of livestock and poultry and improve the growth performance and meat quality of livestock and poultry.

[0061] The natural plant extract feed additive of the present invention can effectively reduce the pollution of heavy metal residues in livestock and poultry feces to the environment, effectively reduce heavy metal residues in livestock and poultry, and can also effectively reduce the residues of various heavy metals in animal products, filling the gap in the market for heavy metal reduction and control feed additives, and has good promotion prospects.

[0062] In order to further illustrate the present invention, a feed additive for removing heavy metal residues provided by the present invention, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof are described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] Preparation of plant extracts

[0065] 1. Preparation of Carrot Extract

[0066] The carrots were crushed by a crusher and passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain crushed carrots;

[0067] The carrot powder was mixed with distilled water at a ratio of 1 kg: 8 L, and then extracted at 60° C. for 70 min. The extract was filtered and the extract was collected to obtain a carrot water extract;

[0068] Add ethanol to the carrot water extract for alcohol precipitation, the amount of ethanol added is 60% of the volume of the carrot water extract. Let it stand for 12 hours, and the alcohol precipitation is completed. After the alcohol precipitation is completed, filter the mixed solution, and the obtained filtrate is the carrot purified extract;

[0069] The carrot purified extract is concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain a carrot extract.

[0070] 2. Preparation of Lycium barbarum Extract

[0071] The wolfberries were crushed by a crusher and passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain a wolfberry crushed product;

[0072] The ground wolfberry was mixed with distilled water at a ratio of 1 kg:9 L, and then extracted at 50° C. for 50 min. The extract was filtered and the extract was collected to obtain a wolfberry water extract;

[0073] Add ethanol to the wolfberry water extract for alcohol precipitation, the amount of ethanol added is 60% of the volume of the wolfberry water extract. Let it stand for 12 hours, and the alcohol precipitation is completed. After the alcohol precipitation is completed, filter the mixed solution, and the obtained filtrate is the wolfberry purified extract;

[0074] The wolfberry purified extract is concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain a wolfberry extract.

[0075] 3. Preparation of Astragalus Extract

[0076] The astragalus was crushed by a crusher and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a crushed astragalus;

[0077] The crushed astragalus root was mixed with distilled water at a ratio of 1 kg:9 L, and then extracted at 50° C. for 50 min. The extract was filtered and the extract was collected to obtain an astragalus root water extract;

[0078] Add ethanol to the Astragalus water extract for alcohol precipitation, the amount of ethanol added is 60% of the volume of the Astragalus water extract. Let it stand for 12 hours, and the alcohol precipitation is completed. After the alcohol precipitation is completed, filter the mixed solution, and the obtained filtrate is the purified Astragalus extract;

[0079] The purified astragalus extract is concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain an astragalus extract.

[0080] 4. Preparation of Ginseng Extract

[0081] Grind the ginseng with a grinder, and pass it through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain ginseng grinds;

[0082] The crushed ginseng was mixed with distilled water at a ratio of 1 kg:10 L, and then extracted at 70°C for 60 min. The extract was filtered and the extract was collected to obtain a ginseng water extract.

[0083] Add ethanol to the ginseng water extract for alcohol precipitation, the amount of ethanol added is 70% of the volume of the ginseng water extract. Let it stand for 12 hours, and the alcohol precipitation is completed. After the alcohol precipitation is completed, filter the mixed solution, and the obtained filtrate is the purified ginseng extract;

[0084] The purified ginseng extract is concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain a ginseng extract.

[0085] 5. Preparation of Monk Fruit Extract

[0086] The monk fruit is crushed by a crusher and passed through a 70-mesh sieve to obtain a monk fruit crushed product;

[0087] The crushed monk fruit material was mixed with distilled water at a ratio of 1kg:8L, and then extracted at 60°C for 60min, the extract was filtered, and the extract was collected to obtain a monk fruit water extract;

[0088] Add ethanol to the water extract of Momordica grosvenori for alcohol precipitation, and the amount of ethanol added is 70% of the volume of the water extract of Momordica grosvenori. Let it stand for 12 hours, and the alcohol precipitation is completed. After the alcohol precipitation is completed, the mixed solution is filtered, and the obtained filtrate is the purified extract of Momordica grosvenori;

[0089] The purified extract of Momordica grosvenori is concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain the Momordica grosvenori extract.

[0090] 6. Preparation of Ginkgo Biloba Extract

[0091] Grind the ginkgo leaves with a grinder and pass through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a ginkgo leaf grind;

[0092] The crushed ginkgo leaves were mixed with distilled water at a ratio of 1 kg:9 L, and then extracted at 50° C. for 40 min. The extract was filtered and the extract was collected to obtain a ginkgo leaf water extract.

[0093] Add ethanol to the ginkgo leaf water extract for alcohol precipitation, the amount of ethanol added is 60% of the volume of the ginkgo leaf water extract. Let it stand for 24 hours, and the alcohol precipitation is completed. After the alcohol precipitation is completed, filter the mixed solution, and the obtained filtrate is the ginkgo leaf purified extract;

[0094] The purified ginkgo leaf extract is concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain the ginkgo leaf extract.

[0095] 7. Preparation of Green Tea Extract

[0096] The green tea is crushed by a crusher and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a crushed green tea;

[0097] The green tea powder was mixed with distilled water at a ratio of 1 kg:10 L, and then extracted at 70°C for 70 min. The extract was filtered and the extract was collected to obtain a green tea water extract.

[0098] Add ethanol to the green tea water extract for alcohol precipitation, and the amount of ethanol added is 60% of the volume of the green tea water extract. Let it stand for 12 hours, and the alcohol precipitation is completed. After the alcohol precipitation is completed, filter the mixed solution, and the obtained filtrate is the purified green tea extract;

[0099] The green tea purified extract is concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain a green tea extract.

[0100] 8. Preparation of Honeysuckle Extract

[0101] The honeysuckle was crushed by a crusher and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a honeysuckle crushed product;

[0102] The crushed honeysuckle was mixed with distilled water at a ratio of 1kg:8L, and then extracted at 50°C for 40min, the extract was filtered, and the extract was collected to obtain a honeysuckle water extract;

[0103] Add ethanol to the honeysuckle water extract for alcohol precipitation, and the amount of ethanol added is 60% of the volume of the honeysuckle water extract. Let it stand for 24 hours, and the alcohol precipitation is completed. After the alcohol precipitation is completed, filter the mixed solution, and the obtained filtrate is the honeysuckle purified extract;

[0104] The honeysuckle purified extract is concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain the honeysuckle extract.

[0105] 9. Preparation of Ganoderma Lucidum Extract

[0106] Ganoderma lucidum was crushed by a crusher and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a crushed Ganoderma lucidum;

[0107] The crushed Ganoderma lucidum was mixed with distilled water at a ratio of 1 kg:9 L, and then extracted at 70° C. for 30 min. The extract was filtered and the extract was collected to obtain a Ganoderma lucidum water extract;

[0108] Add ethanol to the Ganoderma lucidum water extract for alcohol precipitation, and the amount of ethanol added is 70% of the volume of the Ganoderma lucidum water extract. Let it stand for 12 hours, and the alcohol precipitation is completed. After the alcohol precipitation is completed, filter the mixed solution, and the obtained filtrate is the Ganoderma lucidum purified extract;

[0109] The purified ganoderma lucidum extract is concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain a ganoderma lucidum extract.

[0110] 10. Preparation of Grape Seed Extract

[0111] The grape seeds were crushed by a crusher and passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain crushed grape seeds;

[0112] The crushed grape seeds were mixed with distilled water at a ratio of 1 kg:8 L, and then extracted at 70° C. for 90 min. The extract was filtered and the extract was collected to obtain a grape seed water extract;

[0113] Add ethanol to the grape seed water extract for alcohol precipitation, and the amount of ethanol added is 60% of the volume of the grape seed water extract. Let it stand for 12 hours, and the alcohol precipitation is completed. After the alcohol precipitation is completed, filter the mixed solution, and the obtained filtrate is the grape seed purified extract;

[0114] The grape seed purified extract is concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain the grape seed extract.

[0115] 11. Preparation of mulberry extract

[0116] The mulberries were crushed by a crusher and passed through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain crushed mulberries;

[0117] The crushed mulberry was mixed with distilled water at a ratio of 1 kg: 8 L, and then extracted at 50° C. for 80 min. The extract was filtered and the extract was collected to obtain a mulberry water extract.

[0118] Add ethanol to the mulberry water extract for alcohol precipitation, and the amount of ethanol added is 60% of the volume of the mulberry water extract. Let it stand for 12 hours, and the alcohol precipitation is completed. After the alcohol precipitation is completed, the mixed solution is filtered, and the obtained filtrate is the purified mulberry extract;

[0119] The purified mulberry extract is concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain a mulberry extract.

[0120] 12. Preparation of Rhodiola rosea extract

[0121] The Rhodiola rosea was crushed by a grinder and passed through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a Rhodiola rosea crushed product;

[0122] The crushed Rhodiola rosea was mixed with distilled water at a ratio of 1kg:9L, and then extracted at 60°C for 60min, the extract was filtered, and the extract was collected to obtain a Rhodiola rosea water extract;

[0123] Add ethanol to the Rhodiola rosea water extract for alcohol precipitation, and the amount of ethanol added is 70% of the volume of the Rhodiola rosea water extract. Let it stand for 12 hours, and the alcohol precipitation is completed. After the alcohol precipitation is completed, the mixed solution is filtered, and the filtrate obtained is the Rhodiola rosea purified extract;

[0124] The purified Rhodiola rosea extract is concentrated under reduced pressure and dried to obtain the Rhodiola rosea extract.

[0125] Example 2

[0126] A feed additive for removing heavy metal residues, the specific components are:

[0127] 18 parts of lycopene, 8 parts of carrot extract, 13 parts of wolfberry extract, 12 parts of astragalus extract, 3 parts of ginseng extract, 12 parts of monk fruit extract, 8 parts of ginkgo leaf extract, 15 parts of green tea extract, 16 parts of honeysuckle extract, 7 parts of ganoderma lucidum extract, 8 parts of grape seed extract, 6 parts of mulberry extract and 6 parts of rhodiola rosea extract.

[0128] The above plant extracts are all prepared according to Example 1, and the above plant extracts and lycopene are mixed according to the above weight ratio to obtain a feed additive.

[0129] Application Example 1

[0130] Effects of adding the feed additive prepared in Example 2 to the basic diet of broilers on heavy metals in broilers.

[0131] 150 healthy 1-day-old AA broilers were selected and divided into 3 groups, namely a control group, an experimental group and an antagonist group, with 5 replicates in each group and 10 chickens in each replicate. The control group was fed a broiler basal diet. The experimental group was fed a broiler basal diet with heavy metals added (based on the mass of the broiler basal diet, 10 mg / kg of lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium and nickel were added). The antagonist group was fed a broiler basal diet with the feed additive prepared in Example 2 and heavy metals added at the same time, wherein the feed additive prepared in Example 2 was mixed with the broiler basal diet at a mass ratio of 1:1000; based on the mass of the broiler basal diet, 10 mg / kg of lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium and nickel were added.

[0132] Among them, the formula of the basic daily diet for broilers is as follows: calculated by weight, the weight proportion of each component in the formula is 61.3% corn, 28.5% soybean meal, 2.0% fish meal, 2.0% bran, 1.0% stone powder, 1.5% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.3% salt, 2.0% soybean oil, 0.2% methionine, 0.2% lysine, and 1.0% premix.

[0133] The broilers in each experimental group were fed ad libitum. After 90 days of continuous feeding, one chicken was taken from each replicate and killed by bleeding from the jugular vein. The content of different metal elements in the tissues was detected by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS). The content of toxic heavy metals and essential heavy metals in the tissues and feces of broilers in each experimental group are shown in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively.

[0134] Table 1 Effect of feed additives prepared in Example 2 on the content of toxic heavy metals in broiler tissues and feces

[0135]

[0136]

[0137] Note: The significant difference between the control group and the experimental group: **P<0.01, ***P<0.001; the significant difference between the experimental group and the antagonist group: #P<0.05, ##P<0.01, ###P<0.001.

[0138] As shown in Table 1, the contents of toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium and nickel in various tissues and feces of the antagonist group were significantly lower than those of the test group and returned to normal levels. This indicates that adding the feed additive provided by the present invention to chicken feed can effectively alleviate the residual heavy metals in chicken tissues and feces, and is beneficial to environmental protection.

[0139] Table 2 Effect of feed additives prepared in Example 2 on the content of essential heavy metals in chicken tissues

[0140]

[0141]

[0142] Note: The significant difference between the control group and the experimental group: *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001; the significant difference between the experimental group and the antagonist group: #P<0.05, ##P<0.01, ###P<0.001.

[0143] As shown in Table 2, the contents of other heavy metals such as copper, molybdenum, zinc and manganese in the tissues of the antagonist group were significantly lower than those in the test group and returned to normal levels, indicating that adding the feed additive provided by the present invention to chicken feed can effectively alleviate the residue of heavy metals in chicken tissues.

[0144] Example 3

[0145] A feed additive for removing heavy metal residues, the specific components are:

[0146] 17 parts of lycopene, 8 parts of carrot extract, 9 parts of wolfberry extract, 14 parts of astragalus extract, 4 parts of ginseng extract, 12 parts of monk fruit extract, 13 parts of ginkgo leaf extract, 16 parts of green tea extract, 15 parts of honeysuckle extract, 11 parts of ganoderma lucidum extract, 8 parts of grape seed extract, 7 parts of mulberry extract and 5 parts of rhodiola rosea extract.

[0147] The above plant extracts and lycopene are mixed according to the above weight ratio to obtain a feed additive.

[0148] Application Example 2

[0149] The formula of the basic daily diet for dairy cows is as follows: by weight percentage, the weight proportion of each component of the formula is 50.0% corn, 5.2% soybean meal, 8.2% rapeseed cake, 29.2% bran, 1.6% bone meal, 3.0% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.8% salt, and 2.0% premix.

[0150] The feed additive of Example 3 was mixed evenly with the basic diet of dairy cows at a mass ratio of 1:1000 to obtain a premix for use.

[0151] Fifty healthy Chinese Holstein cows, aged 100-120 days and producing 36-40 kg of milk, were selected and divided into two groups: a control group and a mixed group, with 5 replicates in each group and 5 cows in each replicate. The control group was fed with a basic diet for dairy cows; the mixed group was fed with a basic diet with mixed feed additives, i.e., the obtained premix.

[0152] After 8 weeks of continuous feeding, one cow was taken from each replicate group, milk samples were collected and the contents of different metal elements were detected by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP-MS). The effects of the feed additive prepared in Example 3 on the content of toxic heavy metals in cow milk samples are shown in Table 3.

[0153] Table 3 Effect of feed additives prepared in Example 3 on the content of toxic heavy metals in dairy milk samples

[0154]

[0155] As shown in Table 3, the content of toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium and nickel in the milk samples of the mixed group was significantly lower than that of the control group, indicating that adding the feed additive prepared in Example 3 to the cow feed can effectively alleviate the residue of toxic heavy metals in the milk samples.

[0156] Example 4

[0157] A feed additive for removing heavy metal residues, the specific components are:

[0158] 20 parts of lycopene, 8 parts of carrot extract, 11 parts of wolfberry extract, 14 parts of astragalus extract, 3 parts of ginseng extract, 7 parts of monk fruit extract, 16 parts of ginkgo leaf extract, 12 parts of green tea extract, 15 parts of honeysuckle extract, 11 parts of ganoderma lucidum extract, 9 parts of grape seed extract, 7 parts of mulberry extract and 6 parts of rhodiola rosea extract.

[0159] Comparative Example 1

[0160] A feed additive, having the same composition as that of Example 4, except that it does not contain lycopene.

[0161] Comparative Example 2

[0162] A feed additive, having the same composition as that of Example 4, except that it does not contain carrot extract.

[0163] Comparative Example 3

[0164] A feed additive, having the same composition as that of Example 4, except that 20 parts of lycopene are replaced by 20 parts of proanthocyanidins.

[0165] Application Example 3

[0166] The formula of the basic daily diet for pigs is as follows: by weight percentage, the weight proportion of each component in the formula is 67.0% corn, 17.0% soybean meal, 4.0% fish meal, 6.0% bran, 1.0% stone powder, 0.2% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.3% salt, 0.2% methionine, 0.3% lysine, and 4.0% premix.

[0167] 250 healthy Duchangda Sanyuan pigs weighing about 70 kg were selected and divided into 5 groups, namely, a control group, a mixed group 1, a mixed group 2, a mixed group 3 and a mixed group 4, each group had 5 replicates, and each replicate had 10 pigs. The control group was fed with a basic diet for pigs; mixed group 1 was fed with a basic diet with the feed additive prepared in Example 4; mixed group 2 was fed with a basic diet with the feed additive of Comparative Example 1; mixed group 3 was fed with a basic diet with the feed additive of Comparative Example 2; mixed group 4 was fed with a basic diet with the feed additive of Comparative Example 3. Among them, the feed additives of Example 4, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 were evenly mixed with the basic diet for pigs at a mass ratio of 1:1000.

[0168] After continuous feeding for 42 days, one pig was taken from each replicate, bled by jugular vein, and the contents of different metal elements in tissues and feces were detected by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP-MS). The effects of feed additives on the contents of toxic heavy metals in pig tissues are shown in Table 4.

[0169] Table 4 Effects of different feed additives on the content of toxic heavy metals in pig tissues and feces

[0170]

[0171]

[0172] Note: The symbols of significant difference between the control group and the mixed group: *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001; the symbols of significant difference between mixed group 1 and mixed group 2: #P<0.05, ##P<0.01, ###P<0.001.

[0173] As shown in Table 4, the content of toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium and nickel in various tissues and feces of mixed group 1 was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01 and P<0.001); the content of toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium and nickel in various tissues and feces of mixed group 2 was significantly higher than that of mixed group 1 (P<0.05 and P<0.01); the content of toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium and nickel in various tissues and feces of mixed group 3 was equivalent to that of mixed group 1; the content of toxic heavy metals in various tissues and feces of mixed group 4 showed a downward trend, but the overall effect was not significant. The results show that adding the feed additive provided by the present invention to pig feed can effectively alleviate the residue of toxic heavy metals in pig tissues and feces. And through the comparison of the examples, it is concluded that the lycopene in the feed additive provided by the present invention has a significant effect on the heavy metal removal effect of the feed additive.

[0174] In summary, the feed additive provided by the present invention has the function of removing heavy metals, can effectively reduce the heavy metal residues in livestock and poultry, and can also effectively reduce the residues of various heavy metals in animal products, filling the gap in the market for heavy metal reduction and control feed additives, and has good promotion prospects.

[0175] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed additive for removing heavy metal residues, characterized in that: Composition: Lycopene and plant extracts; the plant extracts are composed of carrot extract, wolfberry extract, astragalus extract, ginseng extract, monk fruit extract, ginkgo leaf extract, green tea extract, honeysuckle extract, ganoderma lucidum extract, grape seed extract, mulberry extract and rhodiola rosea extract; The feed additive consists of the following components in parts by weight: 17-20 parts of lycopene, 8 parts of carrot extract, 9-13 parts of wolfberry extract, 12-14 parts of astragalus extract, 3-4 parts of ginseng extract, 7-12 parts of monk fruit extract, 8-16 parts of ginkgo leaf extract, 12-16 parts of green tea extract, 15-16 parts of honeysuckle extract, 7-11 parts of ganoderma lucidum extract, 8-9 parts of grape seed extract, 6-7 parts of mulberry extract and 5-6 parts of rhodiola rosea extract; The heavy metals are lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium and nickel; The preparation method of the plant extract comprises the following steps: Mixing the plant material with water and extracting it to obtain a plant water extract; Mixing the plant water extract with ethanol and precipitating the mixture to obtain a purified extract; Concentrating and drying the purified extract to obtain a plant extract; The mass ratio of the plant raw material to the volume of water is 1kg:(8-10)L; the temperature of the mixed extraction is 50-70°C, and the time is 30-90min; The amount of ethanol added is 60% to 70% of the volume of the plant water extract; and the alcohol precipitation time is 12 to 24 hours.

2. A method for using the feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed additive is mixed with the basic diet for feeding; the mass ratio of the feed additive to the basic diet is (1-2):1000.

3. Use of the feed additive according to claim 1 in the preparation of heavy metal removal products for animals, wherein the heavy metals are lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium and nickel.

4. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that: The application includes any one or more of the following I to III: I. Reduce heavy metal residues in livestock and poultry; II. Reduce the heavy metal residues in animal products; III. Reduce heavy metal residues in livestock and poultry manure.

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