A multi-stage capacitor electric field induction energy-harvesting power supply circuit structure and control method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-stage capacitor electric field induction energy-harvesting power supply circuit structure. The circuit structure includes: the front stage uses multiple small capacitors in series to simultaneously harvest energy, shares the same transformer for discharge, and shares the same energy storage capacitor for energy storage. The energy storage capacitor supplies power to the load through a DC-DC circuit. The multi-stage capacitor electric field induction energy-harvesting circuit uses the AC displacement current generated by the electric field induction of the electric field energy-harvesting plate to charge the multi-stage energy-harvesting capacitor after rectification. The first-stage circuit uses a hysteresis comparison control circuit for charge and discharge control, and the other stage circuits use a voltage comparison control circuit for control. After the voltage of the multi-stage energy-harvesting capacitor reaches the set threshold, it is discharged in sequence from top to bottom. The discharge channels of the energy-harvesting capacitors at each stage are opened in sequence and are independent of each other without affecting each other. Charging the multi-stage capacitors can improve the energy-harvesting efficiency of the energy-harvesting circuit, and discharging by sharing the same transformer can reduce the volume, weight, and manufacturing cost of the energy-harvesting circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of online monitoring of high-voltage power transmission and transformation equipment, and particularly relates to a multi-stage capacitor electric field induction energy-harvesting power supply circuit structure and a control method. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of energy grid and carbon peak process, online monitoring technology of high-voltage power equipment has become an important part to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system. Self-powered online detection equipment avoids the defects of traditional power sources and further improves the practicality and convenience of online detection equipment. The environmental energy extraction technologies currently adopted include solar energy, wind energy, magnetic field energy and electric field energy. Since solar energy, wind energy and magnetic field energy are easily affected by the environment and difficult to predict, the power supply is difficult to guarantee. Obtaining energy from a high-voltage constant electric field through the principle of electric field induction can ensure the reliability of the internal power supply of self-functional online detection equipment. It is a good choice for power supply of periodic online detection equipment. However, most of the electric field induction energy extraction technologies are currently inefficient and large in size. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Technical problem: In response to the above problems, the present invention proposes a multi-stage capacitor electric field induction energy supply circuit structure and control method. The discharge channels of each stage of the multi-stage energy-taking capacitor independently share the same transformer for discharge. A control method combining hysteresis comparison and comparison control is adopted to enable the multi-stage capacitor to sequentially turn on the discharge channels from top to bottom for discharge, further improving the electric field energy extraction efficiency while preventing the energy extraction device from becoming larger. It is suitable for high-voltage power transmission and transformation equipment monitoring scenarios. The higher the voltage level, the more energy extraction capacitor levels, and the higher the energy extraction efficiency. It can be used as a power supply source for online monitoring devices.

[0004] Technical solution: In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a multi-stage capacitor electric field induction energy-taking power supply circuit, which includes a first-stage energy-taking circuit, and the first-stage energy-taking circuit includes a varistor Z1, an energy-taking capacitor C h1 , sampling resistor R 1-1 and R 1-2 , hysteresis comparison control circuit, diode D1, freewheeling diode VD1, switch tube MOS1, transformer T1, diode VD2, energy storage capacitor C s And DC-DC circuit; Among them, the sampling resistor R 1-1 and R 1-2 After connecting in series with the varistor Z1 and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 Parallel connection, DC current I dc Composed of varistor Z1 and energy-taking capacitor C h1 The first end of the hysteresis comparator control circuit and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 In parallel, the hysteresis comparator input and the sampling resistor R1-1 The second end and the sampling resistor R 1-2 The first end of the first transistor is connected to the output end of the MOS1, and the output end is connected to the G stage of the switch tube MOS1; the G stage of the switch tube MOS1 is connected to the output end of the hysteresis comparison control circuit, and is used to receive the control signal of the hysteresis comparison circuit. The D stage is connected to the out end of the primary side of the transformer T1, and the S stage is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The second end of the diode D1 is connected to the anode of the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The cathode of the freewheeling diode VD1 is connected to the in terminal of the primary side of the transformer, and the anode is connected to the out terminal of the primary side of the transformer T1; the in terminal of the secondary side of the transformer is connected to the first terminal of the energy storage capacitor Cs, and the out terminal of the secondary side is connected to the anode of the diode VD2. The transformer T1 is used to transfer the voltage on the energy-taking capacitor to the energy storage capacitor C s Top; diode VD2 cathode and energy storage capacitor C s The first end of the energy storage capacitor Cs is connected to the first end of the DC-DC circuit, and the energy storage capacitor C s The second end of is connected to the second end of the DC-DC circuit.

[0005] Furthermore, the circuit also includes a second-stage energy-taking circuit, which includes: a varistor Z2, an energy-taking capacitor C h2 , sampling resistor R 2-1 , sampling resistor R 2-2 , sampling resistor R 2-3 , sampling resistor R 2-4 , diode D 2-1 , diode D 2-2 , voltage comparison control circuit and switch tube MOS2; diode D 2-1 The anode and C h1 The second end is connected to the cathode and the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The first end of the varistor Z2 is connected in parallel to the energy-taking capacitor C h2 Both ends, sampling resistor R 2-1 With the sampling resistor R 2-2 In series, the sampling resistor R 2-1 The first end of the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The first end of the sampling resistor R 2-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 2-2 The first end of the sampling resistor R 2-2 The second end of the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The second end of the sampling resistor R 2-3 With the sampling resistor R 2-4 In series, in parallel with the energy-taking capacitor C h2Two ends; voltage comparison control circuit in parallel with energy taking capacitor C h2 The first input terminal of the voltage comparison control circuit is connected to the sampling resistor R 2-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 2-2 The first input terminal of the voltage comparison control circuit is connected to the sampling resistor R 2-3 The second end of the sampling resistor R 2-4 The first end of the switch is connected to the output end of the G stage of the switch tube MOS2; the G stage of the switch tube MOS2 is connected to the output end of the comparison control circuit to receive the control signal of the comparison circuit, the D stage is connected to the out end of the primary side of the transformer T1, and the S stage is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The second end of the diode D 2-2 The anode and energy-taking capacitor C h2 The first end is connected to the cathode of the transformer T1 and the in end of the primary side is connected to the cathode of the transformer T1.

[0006] Furthermore, the circuit includes a third-level energy-taking circuit including: a varistor Z3, an energy-taking capacitor C h3 , sampling resistor R 3-1 , sampling resistor R 3-2 , sampling resistor R 3-3 , sampling resistor R 3-4 , diode D 3-1 , diode D 3-2 , voltage comparison control circuit and switch tube MOS3; diode D 3-1 The anode and energy capacitance C h2 The second end is connected to the cathode and the energy-taking capacitor C h3 The first end is connected to the third energy taking circuit C h3 The second end of the varistor Z3 is connected in parallel to the energy-taking capacitor C h3 Two ends; sampling resistor R 3-1 The first end of the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The first end of the sampling resistor R 3-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 3-2 The first end of the sampling resistor R 3-2 The second end of the energy-taking capacitor C h3 The second end is connected to the sampling resistor R 3-3 With the sampling resistor R 3-4 In series, in parallel with the energy-taking capacitor C h3 Two ends; voltage comparison control circuit in parallel with energy taking capacitor C h3 The first input terminal of the voltage comparison control circuit is connected to the sampling resistor R 3-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 3-2 The first end of the voltage comparison control circuit is connected to the sampling resistor R3-3 The second end of the sampling resistor R 3-4 The first end of the switch is connected to the output end of the G stage of the switch tube MOS3; the G stage of the switch tube MOS3 is connected to the output end of the comparison control circuit to receive the control signal of the comparison circuit, the D stage is connected to the out end of the primary transformer T1, and the S stage is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h3 The second end of the diode D 3-2 The anode and energy-taking capacitor C h3 The cathode is connected to the in terminal of the primary side of transformer T1.

[0007] Furthermore, the hysteresis comparison control circuit includes a resistor R 1-3 , Zener diode D 1-2 , transistor BJT1, capacitor C 1-1 , operational amplifier 1-1, voltage reference, operational amplifier 1-2, resistor R 1-4 With resistor R 1-5 ; Among them, the resistor R 1-3 One end and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The first end is connected to the voltage regulator diode D 1-2 The cathode is connected to the B stage of transistor BJT1; the voltage regulator diode D 1-2 The cathode and resistor R 1-3 The second end is connected to the anode and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The second end of the Zener diode D 1-2 Used to provide stable voltage output; the C pole of transistor BJT1 and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The first end is connected to the E terminal and the capacitor C 1-1 The first end of C 1-1 The second end and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The second end of the operational amplifier 1-1 is connected to V cc The terminal is connected to the E pole of transistor BJT1, and the GND terminal is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The second end is connected to the positive input terminal and the sampling resistor R 1-1 The second terminal and the sampling resistor R 1-2 The first end of the sampling resistor is connected to the inverting input end and the output end, and the voltage follower is connected to collect the sampling voltage value V of the sampling resistor part. s1 The in terminal of the voltage reference is connected to the E terminal of the transistor BJT1, the GND terminal is connected to the second terminal of the energy-taking capacitor Ch1, and the out terminal is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 1-2 to provide a stable reference voltage V ref ;Resistor R 1-4The first end of the resistor R is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier 1-1, and the second end is connected to the positive input end of the operational amplifier 1-2. 1-5 The first end is connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier 1-2, and the resistor R 1-5 The second end is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier 1-2 to form a hysteresis comparator structure for controlling the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The charge and discharge of the operational amplifier 1-2 V cc The terminal is connected to the E terminal of transistor BJT1, and the GND terminal of operational amplifier 1-2 takes the energy from capacitor C h1 The second end is connected.

[0008] Furthermore, the voltage comparison control circuit includes: a resistor R 2-5 , Zener diode D 2-3 , transistor BJT2, capacitor C 2-1 , operational amplifier 2-1, operational amplifier 2-2, operational amplifier 2-3; wherein, the resistor R 2-5 and energy-taking capacitor C h2 The first end is connected to the voltage regulator diode D 2-3 The cathode is connected to the B stage of transistor BJT2; the voltage regulator diode D 2-3 The cathode and resistor R 2-5 The second end is connected to the anode and the capacitor C 2-1 The second end of the Zener diode D 2-3 Used to provide stable voltage output; the C pole of transistor BJT2 and the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The first end is connected to the E terminal and the capacitor C 2-1 The first end of the transistor BJT2 is connected to the voltage regulator diode D 2-3 Load capacity; capacitor C 2-1 The second terminal and capacitor C h2 The second end of the capacitor C 2-1 Used to improve the stability of the output voltage; the positive input of the operational amplifier 2-1 and the sampling resistor R 2-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 2-2 The first end is connected, the inverting input end is connected to the output end, and the voltage follower is connected to collect the sampling voltage V of the total value of the energy capacitor voltage of the energy taking circuit of this level and the energy taking capacitor voltage of the energy taking circuit of the previous level. s2- ; V of operational amplifier 2-1 cc The terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT2, and the GND terminal of operational amplifier 2-1 is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The second end is connected to

[0009] The positive input of operational amplifier 2-2 and the sampling resistor R 2-3The second terminal and the sampling resistor R 2-4 The first end of the circuit is connected to the inverting input end and the output end, and the circuit is connected to form a voltage follower, which is used to collect the sampling voltage V of the energy-taking capacitor voltage of the energy-taking circuit at this level. s2+ ; V of operational amplifier 2-2 cc The end is connected to the E stage of BJT2, and the GND end of the operational amplifier 2-2 is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The second end of the operational amplifier 2-3 is connected to cc The terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT2, and the GND terminal capacitor C of the operational amplifier 2-3 is connected to the h2 The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier 2-3 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 2-2, and the negative input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 2-1, forming a voltage comparator. By comparing V s2- With V s2+ When the energy-taking capacitor of the previous energy-taking circuit of this level is discharged, the operational amplifier 2-3 outputs a high-level signal to turn on the switch tube MOS2, and the energy-taking capacitor C of this level of energy-taking circuit is discharged. h2 Start discharging.

[0010] Furthermore, the voltage comparison control circuit includes: a resistor R 3-5 , Zener diode D 3-3 , transistor BJT3, capacitor C 3-1 , operational amplifier 3-1, operational amplifier 3-2, operational amplifier 3-3; wherein, the resistor R 3-5 and energy-taking capacitor C h3 The first end is connected to the voltage regulator diode D 3-3 The cathode is connected to the B stage of the transistor BJT3; the voltage regulator diode D 3-3 The cathode and resistor R 3-5 The second end is connected to the anode and the capacitor C 3-1 The second end of the Zener diode D 3-3 Used to provide stable voltage output; the C pole of transistor BJT3 and the energy-taking capacitor C h3 The first end is connected to the E terminal and the capacitor C 3-1 The first end of the transistor BJT3 is connected to the voltage regulator diode D 3-3 Load capacity; capacitor C 3-1 The second terminal and capacitor C h3 The second end of the capacitor C 3-1 Used to improve the stability of the output voltage; the positive input of the operational amplifier 3-1 and the sampling resistor R 3-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 3-2The first end is connected, the inverting input end is connected to the output end, and the voltage follower is connected to collect the sampling voltage V of the total value of the energy capacitor voltage of the energy taking circuit of this level and the energy taking capacitor voltage of the energy taking circuit of the previous level. s3- ; V of operational amplifier 3-1 cc The terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT3, and the GND terminal of operational amplifier 3-1 is connected to the capacitor C h3 The second end is connected to

[0011] The positive input of operational amplifier 3-2 and the sampling resistor R 3-3 The second terminal and the sampling resistor R 3-4 The first end of the circuit is connected to the inverting input end and the output end, and the circuit is connected to form a voltage follower, which is used to collect the sampling voltage V of the energy-taking capacitor voltage of the energy-taking circuit at this level. s3+ ; V of operational amplifier 3-2 cc The terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT3, and the GND terminal of operational amplifier 3-2 is connected to the capacitor C h3 The second end of the operational amplifier 3-3 is connected to V cc The terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT2, and the GND terminal of the operational amplifier 3-3 is connected to the capacitor C h3 The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier 3-3 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 3-2, and the negative input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 3-1, forming a voltage comparator. By comparing V s3- With V s3+ When the energy-taking capacitor of the previous energy-taking circuit of this level is discharged, the operational amplifier 3-3 outputs a high-level signal to turn on the switch MOS3, and the energy-taking capacitor C of this level of energy-taking circuit is discharged. h3 Start discharging.

[0012] In addition, the present invention also provides a control method for implementing any one of the multi-stage capacitor electric field induction energy extraction power supply circuits, the method comprising four stages:

[0013] The first stage: energy-taking capacitor C h1 to C h3 The capacitance value is C h The current flowing through each energy-taking capacitor is I h , I h The expression is I h =I dc -I C -I L , I C It is expressed as the sum of the operating currents of all operational amplifiers and voltage references in the control circuit, I LRepresents the total leakage current of all semiconductor devices in the power circuit. The discharge threshold U is set according to the withstand voltage of the switch tube while leaving a safety margin. th , when time t c back, When the voltage of each energy-taking capacitor reaches the discharge threshold, the circuit enters the second working stage;

[0014] The second stage: the charging and discharging of the first-stage energy-taking capacitor is controlled by the hysteresis comparison control circuit, which receives the voltage acquisition signal of the voltage across the first-stage energy-taking capacitor through the sampling resistor. C is the energy-taking capacitor h1 The actual voltage across the two ends, the voltage across the first-level energy-taking capacitor reaches the discharge threshold U th Before, the hysteresis comparison control circuit outputs a low level, and the switch tube MOS1 is in the off state. When the voltage across the first-stage energy-taking capacitor reaches the discharge threshold U th Afterwards, the hysteresis comparison control circuit receives the voltage acquisition signal of the voltage across the first-stage energy-taking capacitor. The output high level triggers the switch tube MOS1, which is used to turn on and off the energy-taking capacitor C. h1 After receiving the trigger signal, the switch MOS1 turns on the first-stage energy-taking capacitor C h1 The discharge channel, energy-taking capacitor C h1 Start discharging and take energy from capacitor C h1 The electrical energy is transferred to the energy storage capacitor C through the discharge channel through transformer T1. s On, after time t d After that, when the first stage energy taking capacitor C h1 After the discharge is completed, the hysteresis comparator circuit outputs a low level to turn off the switch tube MOS1, and the first-level energy-taking capacitor C h1 The discharge channel is closed;

[0015] The third stage: the charging and discharging of the second-level energy-taking capacitor is controlled by the comparison control circuit. The voltage comparison control circuit collects the voltage signal at both ends of the second-level energy-taking capacitor through the sampling resistor. And the voltage acquisition signal of the total value of the voltage of the second-level energy-taking capacitor and the energy-taking capacitor of the previous level C is the energy-taking capacitor h2 The actual voltage at both ends, before the first level energy-taking capacitor voltage is discharged, the voltage acquisition signal V s2- >V s2+ , the voltage comparison control circuit outputs a low level, and the switch tube MOS2 is in the off state; when the voltage of the first-level energy-taking capacitor is discharged, the voltage acquisition signal V s2- <V s2+The voltage comparison control circuit outputs a high level to turn on the switch MOS2, which is used to turn on and off the energy-taking capacitor C. h2 After receiving the trigger signal, the switch tube MOS2 opens the second stage energy-taking capacitor C h2 The discharge channel, energy-taking capacitor C h2 The electrical energy is transferred to the energy storage capacitor C through the discharge channel through transformer T1. s On, after time t d Back energy capacitor C h2 After the discharge is completed, the voltage comparison circuit outputs a low level to turn off the switch tube MOS2;

[0016] The fourth stage: When the second-level energy-taking capacitor is discharged, the third-level energy-taking capacitor adopts the same charge and discharge control method as the second-level energy-taking capacitor. After the three-level energy-taking capacitor is discharged, the energy storage capacitor C s Provides stable voltage output through DC-DC circuit.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] The front stage can effectively avoid the voltage discharge threshold of the energy-taking capacitor being affected by the voltage limit of the components by connecting multiple energy-taking capacitors in series. At the same time, the use of a single transformer structure can maximize the utilization of the discharge channel and prevent the electric field induction energy-taking device from being too large. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of energy harvesting by electric field induction energy harvesting plate;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electric field induction power supply circuit of the multi-stage capacitor;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the hysteresis comparison control circuit of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a second-stage voltage comparison control circuit;

[0023] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of the third-level voltage comparison control circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0025] The present invention is a multi-stage capacitor electric field induction power supply circuit, by Figure 1 The displacement current generated by the electric field induced energy extraction plate shown is rectified into a constant DC source I through a rectifier bridge. dcFor energy collection, the overall structural diagram of the electric field induction energy-harvesting power supply circuit of the multi-stage capacitor is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the electric field induction energy-taking power supply circuit of the multi-stage capacitor: the energy-taking capacitor C h1 -C h3 , varistor Z1-Z3, diode D1, diode D 2-1 -D n-1 , diode D 2-2 -D 3-3 , switch tubes MOS1-MOS3, hysteresis comparison control circuit, comparison control circuit, transformer T1, energy storage capacitor C s and DC-DC circuits.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the first-stage energy-taking circuit includes a varistor Z1, an energy-taking capacitor C h1 , sampling resistor R 1-1 and R 1-2 , hysteresis comparison control circuit, diode D1, freewheeling diode VD1, switch tube MOS1, transformer T1, diode VD2, energy storage capacitor C s And DC-DC circuit; Among them, the sampling resistor R 1-1 and R 1-2 After connecting in series with the varistor Z1 and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 Parallel connection, DC current I dc Composed of varistor Z1 and energy-taking capacitor C h1 The first end of the hysteresis comparator control circuit and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 In parallel, the hysteresis comparator input and the sampling resistor R 1-1 The second end and the sampling resistor R 1-2 The first end of the first transistor is connected to the output end of the MOS1, and the output end is connected to the G stage of the switch tube MOS1; the G stage of the switch tube MOS1 is connected to the output end of the hysteresis comparison control circuit, and is used to receive the control signal of the hysteresis comparison circuit. The D stage is connected to the out end of the primary side of the transformer T1, and the S stage is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The second end of the diode D1 is connected to the anode of the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The cathode of the freewheeling diode VD1 is connected to the in terminal of the primary side of the transformer, and the anode is connected to the out terminal of the primary side of the transformer T1; the in terminal of the secondary side of the transformer is connected to the first terminal of the energy storage capacitor Cs, and the out terminal of the secondary side is connected to the anode of the diode VD2. The transformer T1 is used to transfer the voltage on the energy-taking capacitor to the energy storage capacitor C s Top; diode VD2 cathode and energy storage capacitor C s The first end of the energy storage capacitor C sThe first end of the capacitor C is connected to the first end of the DC-DC circuit. s The second end of is connected to the second end of the DC-DC circuit.

[0027] The circuit also includes a second-stage energy-taking circuit, which includes: a varistor Z2, an energy-taking capacitor C h2 , sampling resistor R 2-1 , sampling resistor R 2-2 , sampling resistor R 2-3 , sampling resistor R 2-4 , diode D 2-1 , diode D 2-2 , voltage comparison control circuit and switch tube MOS2; diode D 2-1 The anode and C h1 The second end is connected to the cathode and the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The first end of the varistor Z2 is connected in parallel to the energy-taking capacitor C h2 Both ends, sampling resistor R 2-1 With the sampling resistor R 2-2 In series, the sampling resistor R 2-1 The first end of the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The first end of the sampling resistor R 2-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 2-2 The first end of the sampling resistor R 2-2 The second end of the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The second end of the sampling resistor R 2-3 With the sampling resistor R 2-4 In series, in parallel with the energy-taking capacitor C h2 Two ends; voltage comparison control circuit in parallel with energy taking capacitor C h2 The first input terminal of the voltage comparison control circuit is connected to the sampling resistor R 2-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 2-2 The first end of the voltage comparison control circuit is connected to the sampling resistor R 2-3 The second end of the sampling resistor R 2-4 The first end of the switch is connected to the output end of the G stage of the switch tube MOS2; the G stage of the switch tube MOS2 is connected to the output end of the comparison control circuit to receive the control signal of the comparison circuit, the D stage is connected to the out end of the primary side of the transformer T1, and the S stage is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The second end of the diode D 2-2 The anode and energy-taking capacitor C h2 The first end is connected to the cathode of the transformer T1 and the in end of the primary side is connected to the cathode of the transformer T1.

[0028] The circuit includes a third-level energy-taking circuit including: a varistor Z3, an energy-taking capacitor Ch3 , sampling resistor R 3-1 , sampling resistor R 3-2 , sampling resistor R 3-3 , sampling resistor R 3-4 , diode D 3-1 , diode D 3-2 , voltage comparison control circuit and switch tube MOS3; diode D 3-1 The anode and energy capacitance C h2 The second end is connected to the cathode and the energy-taking capacitor C h3 The first end of the varistor Z3 is connected in parallel to the energy-taking capacitor C h3 Two ends; sampling resistor R 3-1 The first end of the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The first end of the sampling resistor R 3-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 3-2 The first end of the sampling resistor R 3-2 The second end of the energy-taking capacitor C h3 The second end is connected to the sampling resistor R 3-3 With the sampling resistor R 3-4 In series, in parallel with the energy-taking capacitor C h3 Two ends; voltage comparison control circuit in parallel with energy taking capacitor C h3 The first input terminal of the voltage comparison control circuit is connected to the sampling resistor R 3-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 3-2 The first end of the voltage comparison control circuit is connected to the sampling resistor R 3-3 The second end of the sampling resistor R 3-4 The first end of the switch is connected to the output end of the G stage of the switch tube MOS3; the G stage of the switch tube MOS3 is connected to the output end of the comparison control circuit to receive the control signal of the comparison circuit, the D stage is connected to the out end of the primary transformer T1, and the S stage is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h3 The second end of the diode D 3-2 The anode and energy-taking capacitor C h3 The cathode is connected to the in terminal of the primary side of transformer T1.

[0029] The hysteresis comparison control circuit is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the hysteresis comparison control circuit includes a resistor R 1-3 , Zener diode D 1-2 , transistor BJT1, capacitor C 1-1 , operational amplifier 1-1, voltage reference, operational amplifier 1-2, resistor R 1-4 With resistor R 1-5 ; Among them, the resistor R 1-3 One end and the energy-taking capacitor Ch1 The first end is connected to the voltage regulator diode D 1-2 The cathode is connected to the B stage of transistor BJT1; the voltage regulator diode D 1-2 The cathode and resistor R 1-3 The second end is connected to the anode and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The second end of the Zener diode D 1-2 Used to provide stable voltage output; the C pole of transistor BJT1 and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The first end is connected to the E terminal and the capacitor C 1-1 The first end of C 1-1 The second end and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The second end of the operational amplifier 1-1 is connected to V cc The terminal is connected to the E pole of transistor BJT1, and the GND terminal is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The second end is connected to the positive input terminal and the sampling resistor R 1-1 The second terminal and the sampling resistor R 1-2 The first end of the sampling resistor is connected to the inverting input end and the output end, and the voltage follower is connected to collect the sampling voltage value V of the sampling resistor part. s1 The in terminal of the voltage reference is connected to the E terminal of the transistor BJT1, and the GND terminal is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The second end of the output is connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier 1-2, and is used to provide a stable reference voltage V ref ;Resistor R 1-4 The first end of the resistor R is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier 1-1, and the second end is connected to the positive input end of the operational amplifier 1-2. 1-5 The first end is connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier 1-2, and the resistor R 1-5 The second end is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier 1-2 to form a hysteresis comparator structure for controlling the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The charge and discharge of the operational amplifier 1-2 V cc The end is connected to the E pole of transistor BJT1, and the GND of operational amplifier 1-2 is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h1 are connected.

[0030] The secondary comparison control circuit is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the voltage comparison control circuit includes: a resistor R 2-5 , Zener diode D 2-3 , transistor BJT2, capacitor C 2-1 , operational amplifier 2-1, operational amplifier 2-2, operational amplifier 2-3; wherein, the resistor R 2-5 and energy-taking capacitor C h2The first end is connected to the voltage regulator diode D 2-3 The cathode is connected to the B stage of transistor BJT2; the voltage regulator diode D 2-3 The cathode and resistor R 2-5 The second end is connected to the anode and the capacitor C 2-1 The second end of the Zener diode D 2-3 Used to provide stable voltage output; the C pole of transistor BJT2 and the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The first end is connected to the E terminal and the capacitor C 2-1 The first end of the transistor BJT2 is connected to the voltage regulator diode D 2-3 Load capacity; capacitor C 2-1 The second terminal and capacitor C h2 The second end of the capacitor C 2-1 Used to improve the stability of the output voltage; the positive input of the operational amplifier 2-1 and the sampling resistor R 2-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 2-2 The first end is connected, the inverting input end is connected to the output end, and the voltage follower is connected to collect the sampling voltage V of the total value of the energy capacitor voltage of the energy taking circuit of this level and the energy taking capacitor voltage of the energy taking circuit of the previous level. s2- ; V of operational amplifier 2-1 cc The terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT2, and the GND terminal of operational amplifier 2-1 is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The second end is connected to

[0031] The positive input of operational amplifier 2-2 and the sampling resistor R 2-3 The second terminal and the sampling resistor R 2-4 The first end of the circuit is connected to the inverting input end and the output end, and the circuit is connected to form a voltage follower, which is used to collect the sampling voltage V of the energy-taking capacitor voltage of the energy-taking circuit at this level. s2+ ; V of operational amplifier 2-2 cc The terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT2, and the GND terminal of operational amplifier 2-2 is connected to the capacitor C h2 The second end of the operational amplifier 2-3 is connected to cc The terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT2, and the GND terminal of operational amplifier 2-3 is connected to the capacitor C h2 The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier 2-3 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 2-2, and the negative input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 2-1, forming a voltage comparator. By comparing V s2- With V s2+ When the energy-taking capacitor of the previous energy-taking circuit of this level is discharged, the operational amplifier 2-3 outputs a high-level signal to turn on the switch tube MOS2, and the energy-taking capacitor C of this level of energy-taking circuit is discharged.h2 Start discharging.

[0032] The three-stage comparison control circuit is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the voltage comparison control circuit includes: a resistor R 3-5 , Zener diode D 3-3 , transistor BJT3, capacitor C 3-1 , operational amplifier 3-1, operational amplifier 3-2, operational amplifier 3-3; wherein, the resistor R 3-5 and energy-taking capacitor C h3 The first end is connected to the voltage regulator diode D 3-3 The cathode is connected to the B stage of the transistor BJT3; the voltage regulator diode D 3-3 The cathode and resistor R 3-5 The second end is connected to the anode and the capacitor C 3-1 The second end of the Zener diode D 3-3 Used to provide stable voltage output; the C pole of transistor BJT3 and the energy-taking capacitor C h3 The first end is connected to the E terminal and the capacitor C 3-1 The first end of the transistor BJT3 is connected to the voltage regulator diode D 3-3 Load capacity; capacitor C 3-1 The second terminal and capacitor C h3 The second end of the capacitor C 3-1 Used to improve the stability of the output voltage; the positive input of the operational amplifier 3-1 and the sampling resistor R 3-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 3-2 The first end is connected, the inverting input end is connected to the output end, and the voltage follower is connected to collect the sampling voltage V of the total value of the energy capacitor voltage of the energy taking circuit of this level and the energy taking capacitor voltage of the energy taking circuit of the previous level. s3- ; V of operational amplifier 3-1 cc The terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT3, and the GND terminal capacitor C of the operational amplifier 3-1 is connected to the h3 The second end is connected to

[0033] The positive input of operational amplifier 3-2 and the sampling resistor R 3-3 The second terminal and the sampling resistor R 3-4 The first end of the circuit is connected to the inverting input end and the output end, and the circuit is connected to form a voltage follower, which is used to collect the sampling voltage V of the energy-taking capacitor voltage of the energy-taking circuit at this level. s3+ ; V of operational amplifier 3-2 cc The terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT3, and the GND terminal capacitor C of the operational amplifier 3-2 is connected to the h3 The second end of the operational amplifier 3-3 is connected to V ccThe terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT2, and the GND terminal capacitor C of the operational amplifier 3-3 is connected to the h3 The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier 3-3 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 3-2, and the negative input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 3-1, forming a voltage comparator. By comparing V s3- With V s3+ When the energy-taking capacitor of the previous energy-taking circuit of this level is discharged, the operational amplifier 3-3 outputs a high-level signal to turn on the switch MOS3, and the energy-taking capacitor C of this level of energy-taking circuit is discharged. h3 Start discharging.

[0034] In addition, the present invention also proposes a control method for implementing a multi-stage capacitor electric field induction energy supply circuit according to any one of the above, the method comprising four stages:

[0035] The first stage: energy-taking capacitor C h1 to C h3 The capacitance value is C h The current flowing through each energy-taking capacitor is I h , I h The expression is I h =I dc -I C -I L , I C It is expressed as the sum of the operating currents of all operational amplifiers and voltage references in the control circuit, I L Represents the total leakage current of all semiconductor devices in the power circuit. The discharge threshold U is set according to the withstand voltage of the switch tube while leaving a safety margin. th , when time t c back, When the voltage of each energy-taking capacitor reaches the discharge threshold, the circuit enters the second working stage;

[0036] The second stage: the charging and discharging of the first-stage energy-taking capacitor is controlled by the hysteresis comparison control circuit, which receives the voltage acquisition signal of the voltage across the first-stage energy-taking capacitor through the sampling resistor. C is the energy-taking capacitor h1 The actual voltage across the two ends, the voltage across the first-level energy-taking capacitor reaches the discharge threshold U th Before, the hysteresis comparison control circuit outputs a low level, and the switch tube MOS1 is in the off state. When the voltage across the first-stage energy-taking capacitor reaches the discharge threshold U th Afterwards, the hysteresis comparison control circuit receives the voltage acquisition signal of the voltage across the first-stage energy-taking capacitor. The output high level triggers the switch tube MOS1, which is used to turn on and off the energy-taking capacitor C. h1 After receiving the trigger signal, the switch MOS1 turns on the first-stage energy-taking capacitor C h1 The discharge channel, energy-taking capacitor C h1 Start discharging and take energy from capacitor C h1 The electrical energy is transferred to the energy storage capacitor C through the discharge channel through transformer T1. s On, after time t d After that, when the first stage energy taking capacitor C h1 After the discharge is completed, the hysteresis comparator circuit outputs a low level to turn off the switch tube MOS1, and the first-level energy-taking capacitor C h1 The discharge channel is closed;

[0037] The third stage: the charging and discharging of the second-level energy-taking capacitor is controlled by the comparison control circuit. The voltage comparison control circuit collects the voltage signal at both ends of the second-level energy-taking capacitor through the sampling resistor. And the voltage acquisition signal of the total value of the voltage of the second-level energy-taking capacitor and the energy-taking capacitor of the previous level C is the energy-taking capacitor h2 The actual voltage at both ends, before the first level energy-taking capacitor voltage is discharged, the voltage acquisition signal V s2- >V s2+ , the voltage comparison control circuit outputs a low level, and the switch tube MOS2 is in the off state; when the voltage of the first-level energy-taking capacitor is discharged, the voltage acquisition signal V s2- <V s2+ The voltage comparison control circuit outputs a high level to turn on the switch MOS2, which is used to turn on and off the energy-taking capacitor C. h2 After receiving the trigger signal, the switch tube MOS2 opens the second stage energy-taking capacitor C h2 The discharge channel, energy-taking capacitor C h2 The electrical energy is transferred to the energy storage capacitor C through the discharge channel through transformer T1. s On, after time t d Back energy capacitor C h2 After the discharge is completed, the voltage comparison circuit outputs a low level to turn off the switch tube MOS2;

[0038] The fourth stage: When the second-level energy-taking capacitor is discharged, the third-level energy-taking capacitor adopts the same charge and discharge control method as the second-level energy-taking capacitor. After the three-level energy-taking capacitor is discharged, the energy storage capacitor C s Provides stable voltage output through DC-DC circuit.

Claims

1. A multi-stage capacitor electric field induction power supply circuit, characterized in that: The circuit includes a first-stage energy-taking circuit, and the first-stage energy-taking circuit includes a varistor Z1, an energy-taking capacitor C h1 , sampling resistor R 1-1 and R 1-2 , hysteresis comparison control circuit, diode D1, freewheeling diode VD1, switch tube MOS1, transformer T1, diode VD2, energy storage capacitor C s And DC-DC circuit; Among them, the sampling resistor R 1-1 and R 1-2 After connecting in series with the varistor Z1 and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 Parallel connection, DC current I dc Composed of varistor Z1 and energy-taking capacitor C h1 The first end of the hysteresis comparator control circuit and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 In parallel, the hysteresis comparator input and the sampling resistor R 1-1 The second end and the sampling resistor R 1-2 The first end of the MOSFET is connected to the output end of the MOSFET, and the output end is connected to the G stage of the switch tube MOS1; the G stage of the switch tube MOS1 is connected to the output end of the hysteresis comparison control circuit, and is used to receive the control signal of the hysteresis comparison circuit, the D stage is connected to the out end of the primary side of the transformer T1, and the S stage is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The second end of the diode D1 is connected to the anode of the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The cathode of the freewheeling diode VD1 is connected to the in terminal of the primary side of the transformer, and the anode is connected to the out terminal of the primary side of the transformer T1; the in terminal of the secondary side of the transformer is connected to the energy storage capacitor C s The first end of the secondary side is connected to the anode of the diode VD2, and the transformer T1 is used to transfer the voltage on the energy-taking capacitor to the energy storage capacitor C s Top; diode VD2 cathode and energy storage capacitor C s The first end of the energy storage capacitor C s The first end of the capacitor C is connected to the first end of the DC-DC circuit. s The second end of the first terminal is connected to the second end of the DC-DC circuit; The circuit also includes a second-stage energy-taking circuit, which includes: a varistor Z2, an energy-taking capacitor C h2 , sampling resistor R 2-1 , sampling resistor R 2-2 , sampling resistor R 2-3 , sampling resistor R 2-4 , diode D 2-1 , diode D 2-2 , voltage comparison control circuit and switch tube MOS2; diode D 2-1 The anode and C h1 The second end is connected to the cathode and the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The first end of the varistor Z2 is connected in parallel to the energy-taking capacitor C h2 Two ends; sampling resistor R 2-1 With the sampling resistor R 2-2 In series, the sampling resistor R 2-1 The first end of the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The first end of the sampling resistor R 2-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 2-2 The first end of the sampling resistor R 2-2 The second end of the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The second end of the sampling resistor R 2-3 With the sampling resistor R 2-4 In series, in parallel with the energy-taking capacitor C h2 Two ends; voltage comparison control circuit in parallel with energy taking capacitor C h2 The first input terminal of the voltage comparison control circuit is connected to the sampling resistor R 2-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 2-2 The first end of the voltage comparison control circuit is connected to the sampling resistor R 2-3 The second end of the sampling resistor R 2-4 The first end of the switch is connected to the output end of the G stage of the switch tube MOS2; the G stage of the switch tube MOS2 is connected to the output end of the comparison control circuit to receive the control signal of the comparison circuit, the D stage is connected to the out end of the primary side of the transformer T1, and the S stage is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The second end of the diode D 2-2 The anode and energy-taking capacitor C h2 The first end is connected to the cathode of the transformer T1 and the in end of the primary side is connected to the cathode of the transformer T1.

2. The multi-stage capacitor electric field induction power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit includes a third-level energy-taking circuit including: a varistor Z3, an energy-taking capacitor C h3 , sampling resistor R 3-1 , sampling resistor R 3-2 , sampling resistor R 3-3 , sampling resistor R 3-4 , diode D 3-1 , diode D 3-2 , voltage comparison control circuit and switch tube MOS3; diode D 3-1 The anode and energy-taking capacitor C h2 The second end is connected to the cathode and the energy-taking capacitor C h3 The first end of the varistor Z3 is connected in parallel to the energy-taking capacitor C h3 Two ends; sampling resistor R 3-1 The first end of the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The first end of the sampling resistor R 3-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 3-2 The first end of the sampling resistor R 3-2 The second end of the energy-taking capacitor C h3 The second end is connected to the sampling resistor R 3-3 With the sampling resistor R 3-4 In series, in parallel with the energy-taking capacitor C h3 Two ends; voltage comparison control circuit in parallel with energy taking capacitor C h3 The first input terminal of the voltage comparison control circuit is connected to the sampling resistor R 3-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 3-2 The first end of the voltage comparison control circuit is connected to the sampling resistor R 3-3 The second end of the sampling resistor R 3-4 The first end of the switch is connected to the output end of the G stage of the switch tube MOS3; the G stage of the switch tube MOS3 is connected to the output end of the comparison control circuit to receive the control signal of the comparison circuit, the D stage is connected to the out end of the primary transformer T1, and the S stage is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h3 The second end of the diode D 3-2 The anode and energy-taking capacitor C h3 The cathode is connected to the in terminal of the primary side of transformer T1.

3. The multi-stage capacitor electric field induction power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hysteresis comparison control circuit includes a resistor R 1-3 , Zener diode D 1-2 , transistor BJT1, capacitor C 1-1 , operational amplifier 1-1, voltage reference, operational amplifier 1-2, resistor R 1-4 With resistor R 1-5 ; Among them, the resistor R 1-3 One end and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The first end is connected to the voltage regulator diode D 1-2 The cathode is connected to the B stage of transistor BJT1; the voltage regulator diode D 1-2 The cathode and resistor R 1-3 The second end is connected to the anode and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The second end of the Zener diode D 1-2 Used to provide stable voltage output; the C pole of transistor BJT1 and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The first end is connected to the E pole and the capacitor C 1-1 The first end of C 1-1 The second end and the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The second end of the operational amplifier 1-1 is connected to V cc The terminal is connected to the E pole of transistor BJT1, and the GND terminal is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The second end is connected to the positive input terminal and the sampling resistor R 1-1 The second terminal and the sampling resistor R 1-2 The first end of the sampling resistor is connected to the inverting input end and the output end, and the voltage follower is connected to collect the sampling voltage value V of the sampling resistor part. s1 The in terminal of the voltage reference is connected to the E terminal of the transistor BJT1, and the GND terminal is connected to the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The second end of the output is connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier 1-2, and is used to provide a stable reference voltage V ref ;Resistor R 1-4 The first end of the resistor R is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier 1-1, and the second end is connected to the positive input end of the operational amplifier 1-2. 1-5 The first end is connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier 1-2, and the resistor R 1-5 The second end is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier 1-2 to form a hysteresis comparator structure for controlling the energy-taking capacitor C h1 The charge and discharge of the operational amplifier 1-2 V cc The end is connected to the E pole of transistor BJT1, and the energy-taking capacitor C of operational amplifier 1-2 h1 The second end is connected.

4. The multi-stage capacitor electric field induction power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage comparison control circuit includes: a resistor R 2-5 , Zener diode D 2-3 , transistor BJT2, capacitor C 2-1 , operational amplifier 2-1, operational amplifier 2-2, operational amplifier 2-3; wherein, the resistor R 2-5 and energy-taking capacitor C h2 The first end is connected to the voltage regulator diode D 2-3 The cathode is connected to the B stage of transistor BJT2; the voltage regulator diode D 2-3 The cathode and resistor R 2-5 The second end is connected to the anode and the capacitor C 2-1 The second end of the Zener diode D 2-3 Used to provide stable voltage output; the C pole of transistor BJT2 and the energy-taking capacitor C h2 The first end is connected to the E terminal and the capacitor C 2-1 The first end of the transistor BJT2 is connected to the voltage regulator diode D 2-3 Load capacity; capacitance C 2-1 The second terminal and capacitor C h2 The second end of the capacitor C 2-1 Used to improve the stability of the output voltage; the positive input of the operational amplifier 2-1 and the sampling resistor R 2-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 2-2 The first end is connected, the inverting input end is connected to the output end, and the voltage follower is connected to collect the sampling voltage V of the total value of the energy capacitor voltage of the energy taking circuit of this level and the energy taking capacitor voltage of the energy taking circuit of the previous level. s2- ; V of operational amplifier 2-1 cc The terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT2, and the GND terminal of operational amplifier 2-1 is connected to the capacitor C h2 The second end of the operational amplifier 2-2 is connected to the positive input of the sampling resistor R 2-3 The second terminal and the sampling resistor R 2-4 The first end of the circuit is connected to the inverting input end and the output end, and the circuit is connected to form a voltage follower, which is used to collect the sampling voltage V of the energy-taking capacitor voltage of the energy-taking circuit at this level. s2+ ; V of operational amplifier 2-2 cc The terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT2, and the GND terminal capacitor C of the operational amplifier 2-2 is connected to the h2 The second end of the operational amplifier 2-3 is connected to cc The terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT2, and the GND terminal capacitor C of the operational amplifier 2-3 is connected to the h2 The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier 2-3 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 2-2, and the negative input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 2-1, forming a voltage comparator. By comparing V s2- With V s2+ When the energy-taking capacitor of the previous energy-taking circuit of this level is discharged, the operational amplifier 2-3 outputs a high-level signal to turn on the switch tube MOS2, and the energy-taking capacitor C of this level of energy-taking circuit is discharged. h2 Start discharging.

5. The multi-stage capacitor electric field induction power supply circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The voltage comparison control circuit includes: a resistor R 3-5 , Zener diode D 3-3 , transistor BJT3, capacitor C 3-1 , operational amplifier 3-1, operational amplifier 3-2, operational amplifier 3-3; wherein, the resistor R 3-5 and energy-taking capacitor C h3 The first end is connected to the voltage regulator diode D 3-3 The cathode is connected to the B stage of the transistor BJT3; the voltage regulator diode D 3-3 The cathode and resistor R 3-5 The second end is connected to the anode and the capacitor C 3-1 The second end of the Zener diode D 3-3 Used to provide stable voltage output; the C pole of transistor BJT3 and the energy-taking capacitor C h3 The first end is connected to the E terminal and the capacitor C 3-1 The first end of the transistor BJT3 is connected to the voltage regulator diode D 3-3 Load capacity; capacitance C 3-1 The second terminal and capacitor C h3 The second end of the capacitor C 3-1 Used to improve the stability of the output voltage; the positive input of the operational amplifier 3-1 and the sampling resistor R 3-1 The second end of the sampling resistor R 3-2 The first end is connected, the inverting input end is connected to the output end, and the voltage follower is connected to collect the sampling voltage V of the total value of the energy capacitor voltage of the energy taking circuit of this level and the energy taking capacitor voltage of the energy taking circuit of the previous level. s3- ; V of operational amplifier 3-1 cc The terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT3, and the GND terminal capacitor C of the operational amplifier 3-1 is connected to the h3 The second end is connected to The positive input of operational amplifier 3-2 and the sampling resistor R 3-3 The second terminal and the sampling resistor R 3-4 The first end of the circuit is connected to the inverting input end and the output end, and the circuit is connected to form a voltage follower, which is used to collect the sampling voltage V of the energy-taking capacitor voltage of the energy-taking circuit at this level. s3+ ; V of operational amplifier 3-2 cc The terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT3, and the GND terminal capacitor C of the operational amplifier 3-2 is connected to the h3 The second end of the operational amplifier 3-3 is connected to V cc The terminal is connected to the E stage of BJT2, and the GND terminal of the operational amplifier 3-3 is connected to the capacitor C h3 The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier 3-3 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 3-2, and the negative input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 3-1, forming a voltage comparator. By comparing V s3- With V s3+ When the energy-taking capacitor of the previous energy-taking circuit of this level is discharged, the operational amplifier 3-3 outputs a high-level signal to turn on the switch MOS3, and the energy-taking capacitor C of this level of energy-taking circuit is discharged. h3 Start discharging.

6. The control method for implementing a multi-stage capacitor electric field induction power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The approach consists of four stages: The first stage: energy-taking capacitor C h1 to C h3 The capacitance value is C h The current flowing through each energy-taking capacitor is I h , I h The expression is I h =I dc -I C -I L , I C It is expressed as the sum of the operating currents of all operational amplifiers and voltage references in the control circuit, I L Represents the total leakage current of all semiconductor devices in the power circuit. The discharge threshold U is set according to the withstand voltage of the switch tube while leaving a safety margin. th , when time t c back, When the voltage of each energy-taking capacitor reaches the discharge threshold, the circuit enters the second working stage; The second stage: the charging and discharging of the first-stage energy-taking capacitor is controlled by the hysteresis comparison control circuit, which receives the voltage acquisition signal of the voltage across the first-stage energy-taking capacitor through the sampling resistor. C is the energy-taking capacitor h1 The actual voltage across the two ends, the voltage across the first-level energy-taking capacitor reaches the discharge threshold U th Before, the hysteresis comparison control circuit outputs a low level, and the switch tube MOS1 is in the off state; when the voltage across the first-stage energy-taking capacitor reaches the discharge threshold U th Afterwards, the hysteresis comparison control circuit receives the voltage acquisition signal of the voltage across the first-stage energy-taking capacitor. The output high level triggers the switch tube MOS1, which is used to turn on and off the energy-taking capacitor C. h1 After receiving the trigger signal, the switch MOS1 turns on the first-stage energy-taking capacitor C h1 The discharge channel, energy-taking capacitor C h1 Start discharging and take energy from capacitor C h1 The electrical energy is transferred to the energy storage capacitor C through the discharge channel through transformer T1. s On, after time t d After that, when the first stage energy taking capacitor C h1 After the discharge is completed, the hysteresis comparator circuit outputs a low level to turn off the switch tube MOS1, and the first-level energy-taking capacitor C h1 The discharge channel is closed; The third stage: the charging and discharging of the second-level energy-taking capacitor is controlled by the comparison control circuit. The voltage comparison control circuit collects the voltage signal at both ends of the second-level energy-taking capacitor through the sampling resistor. And the voltage acquisition signal of the total value of the voltage of the second-level energy-taking capacitor and the energy-taking capacitor of the previous level C is the energy-taking capacitor h2 The actual voltage at both ends, before the first level energy-taking capacitor voltage is discharged, the voltage acquisition signal V s2- >V s2+ , the voltage comparison control circuit outputs a low level, and the switch tube MOS2 is in the off state; when the voltage of the first-level energy-taking capacitor is discharged, the voltage acquisition signal V s2- <V s2+ The voltage comparison control circuit outputs a high level to turn on the switch MOS2, which is used to turn on and off the energy-taking capacitor C. h2 After receiving the trigger signal, the switch tube MOS2 opens the second stage energy-taking capacitor C h2 The discharge channel, energy-taking capacitor C h2 The electrical energy is transferred to the energy storage capacitor C through the discharge channel through transformer T1. s On, after time t d Back energy capacitor C h2 After the discharge is completed, the voltage comparison circuit outputs a low level to turn off the switch tube MOS2; The fourth stage: When the second-level energy-taking capacitor is discharged, the third-level energy-taking capacitor adopts the same charge and discharge control method as the second-level energy-taking capacitor. After the three-level energy-taking capacitor is discharged, the energy storage capacitor C s Provides stable voltage output through DC-DC circuit.

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