Automatic lifting and lowering device for coal grate of bucket wheel machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic lifting and lowering device for coal grate of bucket wheel machine, which comprises: a coal feeding pipe; a material dropping pipe connected to the lower end of the coal feeding pipe; an automatic lifting and lowering mechanism for coal grate is arranged at the top of the material dropping pipe, and is used to screen coal materials when it is lifted, and is used to make coal slime flow into the material dropping pipe when it is dropped; a fluid volume detection device is arranged on the inner wall of the coal feeding pipe, and is used to detect the volume value of coal slime flowing into the coal feeding pipe; a fluid flow detection device is arranged on the inner wall of the material dropping pipe, and is used to detect the flow value of coal slime flowing into the material dropping pipe; a control unit is used to control the operation of the automatic lifting and lowering mechanism for coal grate. The present invention changes the fixed coal grate into an automatic lifting and lowering type, so that the coal grate can be switched on and off, and can screen coal materials when it is lifted, and can also make coal slime flow directly into the material dropping pipe when it is dropped, so as to solve the problem that the traditional coal grate will cause blockage when taking coal slime, and improve the efficiency of taking coal slime.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal grates, in particular to an automatic lifting and lowering device for a coal grate of a bucket wheel machine. Background Art

[0002] Bucket wheel excavators are mainly used for coal stacking. In order to prevent large debris such as coal gangue from mixing into the coal, a fixed coal grate is installed above the bucket wheel excavator bucket discharge pipe to screen the debris. Since the current bucket wheel is used to take coal slurry for blending, the coal slurry has a large water content and is easy to stick together. When taking coal slurry, the traditional fixed coal grate often has a problem of blockage at the fixed coal grate on the discharge pipe, which seriously affects the use of coal slurry. If the staff has to clear the blockage, it will not only increase the workload of the staff to clear the blockage, but also affect the blending of coal slurry. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the fixed coal grate of the bucket wheel excavator in the prior art may cause blockage during the process of taking coal slime, thereby affecting the efficiency of taking coal slime.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a bucket wheel machine coal grate automatic lifting and lowering device, comprising:

[0005] Coal inlet pipe;

[0006] A material drop pipe connected to the lower end of the coal feed pipe;

[0007] An automatic coal grate lifting and dropping mechanism is arranged at the top of the drop pipe, and is used to screen the coal when it is lifted, and is used to make the coal slime flow into the drop pipe when it is dropped;

[0008] A fluid volume detection device, arranged on the inner wall of the coal inlet pipe, wherein the flow detection device is used to detect the volume value of the coal slime flowing into the coal inlet pipe;

[0009] A fluid flow detection device, arranged on the inner wall of the drop pipe, and used for detecting the flow value of the coal slime flowing into the drop pipe;

[0010] A control unit is used to control the operation of the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism comprises:

[0012] Two rotating shafts are provided, which are symmetrically rotated and arranged at the upper top of the drop tube;

[0013] Two coal grates are provided and are respectively connected to the rotating shafts, and the coal grates are used to control the opening and closing of the drop pipe;

[0014] A hydraulic lifting and dropping rod, one end of which is connected to the side wall of the dropping pipe and the other end is connected to the bottom of the coal grate, and the hydraulic lifting and dropping rod is used to drive the coal grate to rotate;

[0015] The control unit comprises:

[0016] A collection module, connected to the fluid volume detection device and the fluid flow detection device respectively, and used to collect data detected by the fluid volume detection device and the fluid flow detection device;

[0017] A processing module, connected to the acquisition module, and used for processing the detected data;

[0018] A control module is connected to the processing module, and the control module is used to control the rotation of the rotating connection shaft.

[0019] Furthermore, the collection module is used to collect the volume △G of the coal slime in the coal inlet pipe, and the control module is used to control the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism;

[0020] The processing module is used to set a preset value G0 of the volume of the coal slime. The processing module is also used to set a difference g1 of the volume of the first preset coal slime, a difference g2 of the volume of the second preset coal slime, a difference g3 of the volume of the third preset coal slime, and a difference g4 of the volume of the fourth preset coal slime, and g1<g2<g3<g4; the processing module is also used to set a first preset working condition matrix A1 (a1, b1), a second preset working condition matrix A2 (a2, b2), a third preset working condition matrix A3 (a3, b3) and a fourth preset working condition matrix A4 (a4, b4), wherein a1-a4 are the rotation angles of the first to fourth preset rotation axes respectively, and a1<a2<a3<a4, b1-b4 are the pressures of the first to fourth preset hydraulic lifting rods respectively, and b1<b2<b3<b4;

[0021] According to the difference between the collected volume △G of the coal slime in the coal inlet pipe and the preset value G0 of the volume of the set coal slime, a preset working condition matrix Ai is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism;

[0022] When △G-G0≤g1, the first preset working condition matrix A1 is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and dropping mechanism;

[0023] When g1<△G-G0≤g2, the second preset working condition matrix A2 is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and dropping mechanism;

[0024] When g2<△G-G0≤g3, the third preset working condition matrix A3 is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism;

[0025] When g3<△G-G0≤g4, the fourth preset working condition matrix A4 is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism;

[0026] Among them, when the i-th preset working condition matrix Ai is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism, the control module controls the rotating shaft to work at the i-th preset rotation angle ai, and the control module will also control the hydraulic lifting and lowering rod to work at the i-th preset pressure bi, i=1, 2, 3, 4.

[0027] Further, the processing module is also used to set a first preset coal slime flow rate T1 flowing into the drop pipe, a second preset coal slime flow rate T2 flowing into the drop pipe, a third preset coal slime flow rate T3 flowing into the drop pipe, and a fourth preset coal slime flow rate T4 flowing into the drop pipe, and T1<T2<T3<T4; the processing module is also used to set a first preset correction coefficient m1, a second preset correction coefficient m2, a third preset correction coefficient m3, and a fourth preset correction coefficient m4, and 0.8<m1<m2<m3<m4<1;

[0028] The acquisition module is further used to collect the coal slime flow rate △T flowing into the drop pipe, and the processing module is further used to select a preset correction coefficient according to the relationship between the coal slime flow rate △T flowing into the drop pipe and each preset coal slime flow rate T flowing into the drop pipe when the i-th preset working condition matrix Ai is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and dropping mechanism to correct the working condition in the i-th preset working condition matrix Ai:

[0029] When △T≤T1, the working conditions in the i-th preset working condition matrix Ai are not modified;

[0030] When T1<△T≤T2, the first preset correction coefficient m1 is selected to correct Ai, and the corrected value is Ai(ai*m1,bi*m1);

[0031] When T2<△T≤T3, the second preset correction coefficient m2 is selected to correct Ai, and the corrected value is Ai(ai*m2, bi*m2);

[0032] When T3<△T≤T4, the third preset correction coefficient m3 is selected to correct Ai, and the corrected value is Ai(ai*m3, bi*m3);

[0033] When T4<ΔT, the fourth preset correction coefficient m4 is selected to correct Ai, and the corrected Ai is Ai(ai*m4, bi*m4).

[0034] Further, the coal grate comprises: a first coal grate and a second coal grate;

[0035] A first protrusion is provided at one end of the first coal grate;

[0036] A second protrusion is provided at one end of the second coal grate;

[0037] The first convex block and the second convex block are arranged to be staggered and matched with each other, so that the first coal grate and the second coal grate are kept in close contact.

[0038] Furthermore, a cleaning head is provided on the inner side wall of the drop pipe, and the cleaning head is used to clean the debris remaining on the coal grate.

[0039] Furthermore, the size of the cleaning head matches the size of the holes of the coal grate.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the automatic lifting and lowering device for coal grate of a bucket wheel machine according to the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] The present invention changes a fixed coal grate into an automatically lifting and lowering type so that the coal grate can be opened and closed. The coal material can be screened when the coal grate is lifted, and the coal slime can be directly flowed into the drop pipe when the coal grate is lowered. The problem of blockage caused by the traditional coal grate when taking the coal slime is solved, and the efficiency of taking the coal slime is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic lifting and lowering device for a coal grate of a bucket wheel excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic lifting and lowering device for a coal grate of a bucket wheel excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a control unit of an automatic lifting and lowering device for a coal grate of a bucket wheel excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of electrical connections of a collection module of an automatic lifting and lowering device for coal grates of a bucket wheel excavator in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] In the figure, 1. coal inlet pipe; 2. drop pipe; 3. automatic coal grate lifting and dropping mechanism; 4. fluid volume detection device; 5. fluid flow detection device; 6. rotating shaft; 7. coal grate; 8. hydraulic lifting and dropping rod; 9. cleaning head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0048] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0049] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0050] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] like Figure 1 -4, in an embodiment of the present application, a bucket wheel machine coal grate automatic lifting and lowering device is provided, comprising: a coal feeding pipe 1, a feeding pipe 2, an automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism 3, a fluid volume detection device 4, a fluid flow detection device 5 and a control unit; the feeding pipe 2 is connected to the lower end of the coal feeding pipe 1; the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism 3 is arranged at the top end of the feeding pipe 2, the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism 3 is used to screen the coal when it is lifted, and the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism 3 is used to make the coal slime flow into the feeding pipe 2 when it is dropped; the fluid volume detection device 4 is arranged on the inner wall of the coal feeding pipe 1, and the flow detection device is used to detect the volume value of the coal slime flowing into the coal feeding pipe 1; the fluid flow detection device 5 is arranged on the inner wall of the feeding pipe 2, and the fluid flow detection device 5 is used to detect the flow value of the coal slime flowing into the feeding pipe 2; a control unit is used to control the operation of the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism 3.

[0052] Specifically, the coal inlet pipe 1 is connected to the drop pipe 2 up and down for the circulation of coal or coal slime. The automatic coal lifting and dropping grate mechanism 3 is provided at the entrance of the drop pipe 2 for controlling whether the coal or coal slime passes through. It rotates toward the side close to the inner wall of the drop pipe 2. When it is lifted, it is used to screen the coal. When it falls, it is used for the coal slime to flow down. The position of the control unit can be placed according to actual needs.

[0053] Furthermore, the present invention changes the fixed coal grate 7 into an automatically lifting and lowering type so that the coal grate 7 can be opened and closed. It can screen the coal when it is lifted, and can also allow the coal slime to flow directly into the drop pipe 2 when it falls. This solves the problem of blockage caused by the traditional coal grate 7 when taking coal slime, and improves the efficiency of taking coal slime.

[0054] In an embodiment of the present application, a device for automatically lifting and lowering coal grates of a bucket wheel excavator is provided, and the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism 3 includes: a rotating shaft 6, a coal grate 7 and a hydraulic lifting and lowering rod 8; two rotating shafts 6 are provided, which are symmetrically rotated and arranged at the upper top of the drop pipe 2; two coal grates 7 are provided, which are respectively connected to the rotating shaft 6, and the coal grate 7 is used to control the opening and closing of the drop pipe 2; one end of the hydraulic lifting and lowering rod 8 is connected to the side wall of the drop pipe 2, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the coal grate 7, and the hydraulic lifting and lowering rod 8 is used to drive the coal grate 7 to rotate.

[0055] Specifically, the rotating shaft 6, coal grate 7 and hydraulic lifting and dropping rod 8 are arranged as a set, with two sets in total, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the drop pipe 2, wherein the hydraulic lifting and dropping rod 8 drives the coal grate 7 to be lifted and dropped, and the rotating shaft 6 plays a role of auxiliary rotation.

[0056] The control unit includes: an acquisition module, a processing module and a control module; the acquisition module is connected to the fluid volume detection device 4 and the fluid flow detection device 5 respectively, and the acquisition module is used to acquire the data detected by the fluid volume detection device 4 and the fluid flow detection device 5; the processing module is connected to the acquisition module, and the processing module is used to process the detected data; the control module is connected to the processing module, and the control module is used to control the rotation of the rotating connection shaft.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present application, a bucket wheel machine coal grate automatic lifting and lowering device is provided, wherein the collection module is used to collect the volume △G of the coal slime in the coal inlet pipe 1, and the control module is used to control the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism 3;

[0058] The processing module is used to set a preset value G0 of the volume of the coal slime. The processing module is also used to set a difference G1 of the first preset volume of the coal slime, a difference G2 of the second preset volume of the coal slime, a difference G3 of the third preset volume of the coal slime, and a difference G4 of the fourth preset volume of the coal slime, and G1<G2<G3<G4; the processing module is also used to set a first preset working condition matrix A1 (A1, B1), a second preset working condition matrix A2 (A2, B2), a third preset working condition matrix A3 (A3, B3) and a fourth preset working condition matrix A4 (A4, B4), wherein A1-A4 are respectively the rotation angles of the first to fourth preset rotating shafts 6, and A1<A2<A3<A4, B1-B4 are respectively the pressures of the first to fourth preset hydraulic lifting rods 8, and B1<B2<B3<B4;

[0059] According to the difference between the collected volume △G of the coal slime in the coal inlet pipe 1 and the preset value G0 of the volume of the coal slime, a preset working condition matrix AI is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism 3;

[0060] When △G-G0≤G1, the first preset working condition matrix A1 is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism 3;

[0061] When G1<△G-G0≤G2, the second preset working condition matrix A2 is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism 3;

[0062] When G2<△G-G0≤G3, the third preset working condition matrix A3 is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism 3;

[0063] When G3<△G-G0≤G4, the fourth preset working condition matrix A4 is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism 3;

[0064] Among them, when the first preset working condition matrix AI is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism 3, the control module controls the rotating shaft 6 to work at the first preset rotation angle AI, and the control module will also control the hydraulic lifting and lowering rod 8 to work at the first preset pressure BI, I = 1, 2, 3, 4.

[0065] Specifically, the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and dropping mechanism 3 is selected according to the difference between the volume of the coal slime collected in the coal inlet pipe 1 and the preset value of the volume of the coal slime. When the volume of the coal slime is large, the amplitude of the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 6 needs to be adjusted to be larger, so that the opening of the coal grate 7 is larger and can pass through a larger volume of coal slime, and the pressure of the hydraulic lifting and dropping rod 8 is larger and can withstand the impact of a larger volume of coal slime, thereby ensuring that the hydraulic lifting and dropping rod 8 is not crushed. Otherwise, the amplitude of the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 6 is reduced, and the pressure of the hydraulic lifting and dropping rod 8 is reduced. This arrangement ensures that the coal grate 7 will not be blocked when taking the coal slime, and can also allow the coal slime to flow into the drop pipe 2 at a relatively stable flow rate.

[0066] In an embodiment of the present application, a bucket wheel machine coal grate automatic lifting and lowering device is provided, and the processing module is also used to set a first preset coal slime flow rate T1 flowing into the drop pipe 2, a second preset coal slime flow rate T2 flowing into the drop pipe 2, a third preset coal slime flow rate T3 flowing into the drop pipe 2, and a fourth preset coal slime flow rate T4 flowing into the drop pipe 2, and T1<T2<T3<T4; the processing module is also used to set a first preset correction coefficient M1, a second preset correction coefficient M2, a third preset correction coefficient M3, and a fourth preset correction coefficient M4, and 0.8<M1<M2<M3<M4<1;

[0067] The acquisition module is also used to collect the coal slime flow rate ΔT flowing into the drop pipe 2. The processing module is also used to select a preset correction coefficient according to the relationship between the coal slime flow rate ΔT flowing into the drop pipe 2 and each preset coal slime flow rate T flowing into the drop pipe 2 when the first preset working condition matrix AI is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and dropping mechanism 3, so as to correct the working conditions in the first preset working condition matrix AI:

[0068] When △T≤T1, the working conditions in the first preset working condition matrix AI are not modified;

[0069] When T1<△T≤T2, the first preset correction coefficient M1 is selected to correct AI, and the corrected AI is AI(AI*M1, BI*M1);

[0070] When T2<△T≤T3, the second preset correction coefficient M2 is selected to correct AI, and the corrected AI is AI(AI*M2, BI*M2);

[0071] When T3<△T≤T4, the third preset correction coefficient M3 is selected to correct AI, and the corrected value is AI(AI*M3, BI*M3);

[0072] When T4<ΔT, the fourth preset correction coefficient M4 is selected to correct AI, and the corrected AI is AI (AI*M4, BI*M4).

[0073] Specifically, since the actual flow rate of coal slime flowing into the drop pipe 2 will change in real time, it is necessary to improve the flow rate of coal slime flowing into the drop pipe 2 to adjust the working conditions of the automatic coal grate lifting and dropping mechanism 3 in real time to ensure that it can accurately control the flow of coal slime into the drop pipe 2 at a stable inflow rate.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present application, a bucket wheel excavator coal grate automatic lifting and lowering device is provided, and the coal grate 7 includes: a first coal grate 7 and a second coal grate 7; a first coal grate 7 is provided with a first protrusion at one end; a second coal grate 7 is provided with a second protrusion at one end; the first protrusion 1 and the second protrusion 2 are arranged to be staggered and matched with each other so that the first coal grate 7 and the second coal grate 7 maintain a tight fit.

[0075] Specifically, the first and second protrusions are arranged one above the other and staggered and matched with each other. They are of the same size and can be sealed when fitted together, ensuring that no coal slime or coal falls into the seal. This structure can ensure stability and support the coal falling on it to a certain extent.

[0076] In an embodiment of the present application, a device for automatically lifting and dropping coal grates of a bucket wheel machine is provided, and a cleaning head 9 is provided on the inner wall of the drop pipe 2 , and the cleaning head 9 is used to clean the debris remaining on the coal grate 7 .

[0077] Specifically, when the holes of the coal grate 7 are clogged with coal slime or debris, the hydraulic lifting rod 8 drives the coal grate 7 to fit the inner wall of the drop pipe 2, and the cleaning head 9 penetrates into the holes of the coal grate 7 to clean the coal slime or debris in the holes of the coal grate 7, ensuring that the holes are unobstructed and will not be blocked to affect the screening of coal.

[0078] In an embodiment of the present application, a device for automatically lifting and lowering coal grates of a bucket wheel machine is provided, and the size of the cleaning head 9 matches the size of the holes of the coal grate 7 .

[0079] Specifically, the size of the cleaning head 9 and the size of the hole of the coal grate 7 must match each other, so that the cleaning head 9 can enter the hole of the coal grate 7 to clear the blockage.

[0080] In summary, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic lifting and lowering device for a coal grate of a bucket wheel excavator, which includes: a coal feeding pipe 1; a dropping pipe 2 connected to the lower end of the coal feeding pipe 1; an automatic coal grate lifting and dropping mechanism 7 3 is arranged at the top of the dropping pipe 2, and is used to screen the coal when lifted, and the automatic coal grate lifting and dropping mechanism 7 3 is used to allow the coal slime to flow into the dropping pipe 2 when dropped; a fluid volume detection device 4 is arranged on the inner wall of the coal feeding pipe 1, and is used to detect the volume value of the coal slime flowing into the coal feeding pipe 1; a fluid flow detection device 5 is arranged on the inner wall of the dropping pipe 2, and is used to detect the flow value of the coal slime flowing into the dropping pipe 2; a control unit is used to control the operation of the automatic coal grate lifting and dropping mechanism 7 3. The present invention changes the fixed coal grate 7 into an automatically lifting and lowering type so that the coal grate 7 can be opened and closed. The coal material can be screened when the coal grate is lifted, and the coal slime can be directly flowed into the drop pipe 2 when the coal grate is lowered. The problem of blockage caused by the traditional coal grate 7 when taking coal slime is solved, and the efficiency of taking coal slime is improved.

[0081] Finally, it should be noted that it is obvious that those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

[0082] The above is only an example of implementation of the present invention, but it cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention. Any structural changes made according to the present invention, as long as they do not lose the essence of the present invention, should be regarded as falling within the scope of protection of the present invention and being restricted. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working process and related instructions of the system described above can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0083] The term "comprise" or any other similar term is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus / device that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus / device.

[0084] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the further embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bucket wheel machine coal grate automatic lifting and lowering device, characterized in that: include: Coal inlet pipe; A material drop pipe connected to the lower end of the coal feed pipe; An automatic coal grate lifting and dropping mechanism is arranged at the top of the drop pipe, and is used to screen the coal when it is lifted, and is used to make the coal slime flow into the drop pipe when it is dropped; A fluid volume detection device, arranged on the inner wall of the coal inlet pipe, and used for detecting the volume value of the coal slime flowing into the coal inlet pipe; A fluid flow detection device, arranged on the inner wall of the drop pipe, and used for detecting the flow value of the coal slime flowing into the drop pipe; A control unit, used for controlling the operation of the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism; The automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism comprises: There are two rotating shafts, which are symmetrically rotated and arranged at the upper top of the drop tube; Two coal grates are provided and are respectively connected to the rotating shafts, and the coal grates are used to control the opening and closing of the drop pipe; A hydraulic lifting and dropping rod, one end of which is connected to the side wall of the dropping pipe and the other end is connected to the bottom of the coal grate, and the hydraulic lifting and dropping rod is used to drive the coal grate to rotate; The control unit comprises: A collection module, connected to the fluid volume detection device and the fluid flow detection device respectively, and used to collect data detected by the fluid volume detection device and the fluid flow detection device; A processing module, connected to the acquisition module, and used for processing the detected data; A control module connected to the processing module, the control module being used to control the rotation of the rotating shaft; The collection module is used to collect the volume △G of the coal slime in the coal inlet pipe, and the control module is used to control the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism; The processing module is used to set a preset value G0 of the volume of the coal slime. The processing module is also used to set a difference g1 of the volume of the first preset coal slime, a difference g2 of the volume of the second preset coal slime, a difference g3 of the volume of the third preset coal slime, and a difference g4 of the volume of the fourth preset coal slime, and g1<g2<g3<g4; the processing module is also used to set a first preset working condition matrix A1 (a1, b1), a second preset working condition matrix A2 (a2, b2), a third preset working condition matrix A3 (a3, b3) and a fourth preset working condition matrix A4 (a4, b4), wherein a1-a4 are the rotation angles of the first to fourth preset rotation axes respectively, and a1<a2<a3<a4, b1-b4 are the pressures of the first to fourth preset hydraulic lifting rods respectively, and b1<b2<b3<b4; According to the difference between the collected volume △G of the coal slime in the coal inlet pipe and the preset value G0 of the volume of the coal slime, a preset working condition matrix Ai is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism; When △G-G0≤g1, the first preset working condition matrix A1 is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and dropping mechanism; When g1<△G-G0≤g2, the second preset working condition matrix A2 is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and dropping mechanism; When g2<△G-G0≤g3, the third preset working condition matrix A3 is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism; When g3<△G-G0≤g4, the fourth preset working condition matrix A4 is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and lowering mechanism; When the i-th preset working condition matrix Ai is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and dropping mechanism, the control module controls the rotating shaft to work at the i-th preset rotation angle ai, and the control module also controls the hydraulic lifting and dropping rod to work at the i-th preset pressure bi, i=1, 2, 3, 4; The processing module is also used to set a first preset coal slime flow rate T1 flowing into the drop pipe, a second preset coal slime flow rate T2 flowing into the drop pipe, a third preset coal slime flow rate T3 flowing into the drop pipe, and a fourth preset coal slime flow rate T4 flowing into the drop pipe, and T1<T2<T3<T4; the processing module is also used to set a first preset correction coefficient m1, a second preset correction coefficient m2, a third preset correction coefficient m3, and a fourth preset correction coefficient m4, and 0.8<m1<m2<m3<m4<1; The acquisition module is further used to collect the coal slime flow rate △T flowing into the drop pipe, and the processing module is further used to select a preset correction coefficient according to the relationship between the coal slime flow rate △T flowing into the drop pipe and each preset coal slime flow rate T flowing into the drop pipe when the i-th preset working condition matrix Ai is selected as the working condition of the automatic coal grate lifting and dropping mechanism to correct the working condition in the i-th preset working condition matrix Ai: When △T≤T1, the working conditions in the i-th preset working condition matrix Ai are not modified; When T1<△T≤T2, the first preset correction coefficient m1 is selected to correct Ai, and the corrected value is Ai(ai*m1,bi*m1); When T2<△T≤T3, the second preset correction coefficient m2 is selected to correct Ai, and the corrected value is Ai(ai*m2,bi*m2); When T3<△T≤T4, the third preset correction coefficient m3 is selected to correct Ai, and the corrected value is Ai(ai*m3, bi*m3); When T4<ΔT, the fourth preset correction coefficient m4 is selected to correct Ai, and the corrected Ai is Ai(ai*m4, bi*m4).

2. The automatic lifting and lowering device for coal grate of bucket wheel machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The coal grate comprises: a first coal grate and a second coal grate; A first protrusion is provided at one end of the first coal grate; A second protrusion is provided at one end of the second coal grate; The first convex block and the second convex block are arranged to be staggered and matched with each other, so that the first coal grate and the second coal grate are kept in close contact.

3. The automatic lifting and lowering device for coal grate of bucket wheel machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A cleaning head is arranged on the inner side wall of the drop pipe, and the cleaning head is used for cleaning the sundries remaining on the coal grate.

4. The automatic lifting and lowering device for coal grate of bucket wheel machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The size of the cleaning head matches the size of the holes of the coal grate.

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