A structure in a sloping land building where the main structure is separated from the retaining wall

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, and discloses a structure in which the main structure and the retaining wall are separated in a sloping building. The side surface of the main structure column is filled and connected with the air side of the retaining wall by using a flexible and deformable material. The bottom surface of the grounding floor slab is filled and connected with the top of the retaining wall through a first flexible waterproof material. The grounding floor slab and the non-grounding floor slab on the same floor are provided with a rabbet joint filled with a flexible waterproof material for connection, realizing the combined construction of the main structure of the building and the retaining wall but being separated when resisting lateral forces, and releasing the deformation constraints of the grounding floor slab and the non-grounding floor slab, avoiding the disadvantages of the structural form of the integral connection between the retaining wall and the main structure in the prior art: sudden change in the stiffness of the main structure, eccentricity, and torsional irregularity, and cracking of the retaining wall caused by longitudinal constraints. A groove-shaped crossbeam is provided at the top of the retaining wall on the soil side, which not only reduces the bending force at the root of the retaining wall but also intercepts and drains the local seepage water on the back of the retaining wall, achieving reasonable economy in the size of the retaining wall and enhanced waterproof effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, and in particular to a structure in a sloping ground building where the main structure is disengaged from the retaining wall. Background Art

[0002] China is a mountainous country. In the process of urban development, various aseismic irregular sloping ground buildings such as climbing buildings and stepped embedded buildings have become a new type of building. For example, buildings with three sides adjacent to the soil and one side open, two sides adjacent to the soil and two sides open, and one side adjacent to the soil and three sides open. Inevitably, the situation where the retaining wall is integrally connected to the main building structure occurs, resulting in a large eccentricity of the stiffness of each floor of the building structure, causing the structural plane to be irregular, and sometimes even exceeding the limits specified in the existing aseismic code by a large margin. According to the existing industry design standard "Mountain Building Structure Design Standard", the problems that occur when the retaining wall is used as an aseismic vertical member are: the length of a single wall is too large (exceeding 8m), there are many construction overlimit problems, and at the same time, the structural torsional effect is obvious. More shear walls need to be arranged to meet the requirements of seismic regularity (mainly arranged on the open side of the building). However, this approach severely restricts the functional requirements of the building (such as lighting, open space in the lobby, etc.). At the same time, increasing the shear walls will make the structural stiffness too large, increase the absorption of seismic energy, and result in an increase in construction costs.

[0003] Generally, to solve the above problems, a permanent slope retaining wall is set, and the retaining wall is set at a certain distance from the main structure to be disengaged. However, this approach is often difficult to implement due to limited site space, and it will cause several cavities to form in the sloping ground building, resulting in waste of land space. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a structure in a sloping ground building where the main structure is disengaged from the retaining wall. In this structure, the retaining wall and the main structure of the building are jointly constructed, but the resistance to lateral forces of the retaining wall and the main structure is disengaged, thereby avoiding sudden changes in the stiffness of the main structure and torsional irregularities.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a structure in which the main structure and the retaining wall in a sloping building are disengaged, including a retaining wall, structural columns, a grounded floor slab, and a non-grounded floor slab. The retaining wall is provided on one side of the bench terrace, and the soil-facing side of the retaining wall is adhesively connected to the side of the bench terrace. A sleeping beam is provided on the soil-facing side of the retaining wall. The grounded floor slab is provided on the top of the bench terrace, and one side of the grounded floor slab close to the retaining wall is located above the retaining wall. A shear key is formed by downward protrusion at the bottom of the side of the grounded floor slab close to the retaining wall. A first gap is provided between the bottom surface of the grounded floor slab and the top surface of the retaining wall, and between the shear key and the top of the retaining wall. The first gap is filled with a first flexible waterproof material. The structural columns are provided on the air-facing side of the retaining wall, and a second gap is provided between the side of the grounded floor slab close to the retaining wall and the side surface of the structural column. The second gap is filled with a flexible and deformable material. The non-grounded floor slab is provided on the side of the grounded floor slab away from the bench terrace, and the non-grounded floor slab overlaps with the grounded floor slab. The non-grounded floor slab is fixedly connected to the structural column.

[0006] As a preferred solution of the present invention, an L-shaped rabbet groove is provided at the top of the side of the grounded floor slab close to the retaining wall. One side of the non-grounded floor slab close to the grounded floor slab is provided in the rabbet groove, and an L-shaped rabbet joint is provided between the non-grounded floor slab and the grounded floor slab. The rabbet joint is filled with a second flexible waterproof material.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the first flexible waterproof material and the second flexible waterproof material include a rubber pad, a sealing material, and a rubber waterstop. The flexible and deformable material is a polystyrene board.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the top surface of the sleeping beam is lower than the top surface of the retaining wall. A convex platform is provided on the sleeping beam. The convex platform and the retaining wall form a water intercepting trough. The top surface of the convex platform and the bottom surface of the grounded floor slab are filled with the first flexible waterproof material. The air-facing side of the shear key and the air-facing side of the retaining wall and the side of the structural column close to the retaining wall are filled with the flexible and deformable material.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a supporting plate is provided on the side of the retaining wall away from the bench terrace. One side of the grounded floor slab close to the retaining wall is located above the supporting plate, and the shear key is located above the supporting plate. The first flexible waterproof material is filled between the inner side of the shear key and the air-facing side of the retaining wall, and between the bottom surface of the shear key and the top surface of the supporting plate.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the horizontal length L of the sleeping beam is at least 1 / 3 of the height H of the retaining wall.

[0011] In addition, the present invention also provides a structure in which the main structure of a slope building is separated from the retaining wall, comprising a retaining wall, a structural column and a non-grounding floor slab, wherein the retaining wall is arranged on one side of the terrace, and the soil-facing side of the retaining wall is fitted and connected to the side of the terrace, the soil-facing side of the retaining wall is provided with a horizontal beam, and the end of the horizontal beam on the side facing away from the retaining wall is provided with a downward protrusion to form a tenon, the structural column is arranged on the air-facing side of the retaining wall, and a second gap is provided between the air-facing side of the retaining wall and the side of the structural column, the second gap is filled with a flexible and easily deformable material, the non-grounding floor slab is fixedly connected to the structural column, the side of the non-grounding floor slab close to the retaining wall is located above the retaining wall, a first gap is provided between the bottom surface of the non-grounding floor slab close to the retaining wall and the top surface of the retaining wall, and the first gap is filled with a first flexible waterproof material.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the top surface of the horizontal beam is lower than the top surface of the retaining wall, a third gap is provided between the platform above the horizontal beam and the retaining wall and the non-ground floor, and the third gap is filled with a third flexible waterproof material.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first flexible waterproof material includes rubber blocks, polyurethane and water stop strips, the third flexible waterproof material includes rubber pads, water stop strips and sealing coils, and the flexible deformable material is a polystyrene board.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the horizontal length L of the horizontal beam is at least 1 / 3 of the height H of the retaining wall.

[0015] The embodiment of the present invention is a structure in which the main structure and the retaining wall are separated in a slope building. Compared with the prior art, its beneficial effects are: the provision of the first gap and the second gap realizes the joint construction of the main structure of the building and the retaining wall but resists the separation due to lateral force, avoids the sudden change of the structural stiffness of the main structure and irregular torsion, and reduces the risk of cracking of the retaining wall caused by the constraint of the longitudinal shrinkage deformation of the retaining wall; the provision of the first flexible waterproof material can prevent water from seeping into the building from the first gap, and the provision of the flexible and deformable material allows the structural wall and the retaining wall to deform freely respectively; the provision of the horizontal beam reduces the lower bending internal force of the retaining wall, thereby increasing the bearing capacity of the retaining wall at the same thickness, achieving a more economical structural size, and helping to save construction costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a slope-ground embedded building of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A local enlarged view of point A in FIG.

[0018] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of part B in

[0019] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of part C in

[0020] In the figure, 1 is a retaining wall; 11 is a first flexible waterproof material; 12 is a flexible deformable material; 2 is a structural column; 3 is a grounded floor slab; 4 is an ungrounded floor slab; 41 is a second flexible waterproof material; 42 is a third flexible waterproof material; 5 is a cross beam; 51 is a boss; 52 is a water intercepting groove; 53 is a shear key; 54 is a tenon; 6 is a supporting plate; 7 is a bench. Specific embodiments

[0021] The following combines the drawings and embodiments to further describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention uses terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] As Figure 1 shown in Fig. -2, Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0024] A structure in which the main structure of a sloping land building is disconnected from the retaining wall, including a retaining wall 1, a structural column 2, a grounded floor slab 3, and an ungrounded floor slab 4. The retaining wall 1 is provided on one side of the bench 7, and the soil-facing side (i.e., the side close to the bench 7) of the retaining wall 1 is adhesively connected to the side of the bench 7. A cross beam 5 is provided on the soil-facing side of the retaining wall 1. The grounded floor slab 3 is provided on the top of the bench 7. One side of the grounded floor slab 3 close to the retaining wall 1 is located above the retaining wall 1. A shear key 53 is formed by downward protrusion at the bottom of the side of the grounded floor slab 3 close to the retaining wall 1. Between the bottom surface of the grounded floor slab 3 and the top surface of the retaining wall 1 and between the shear key 53 and the top of the retaining wall 1 (as Figure 2As shown, there is a first gap between the inner side surface and the bottom surface of the shear key 53 and the top of the retaining wall 1. It is recommended that the width of the first gap be 50 mm, and the first gap is filled with a first flexible waterproof material 11. The structural column 2 is arranged on the air-facing side of the retaining wall 1 (i.e., the side of the retaining wall 1 away from the terrace 7), and there is a second gap between the side of the grounding floor slab 3 close to the retaining wall 1 and the side of the structural column 2 close to the retaining wall 1. It is recommended that the width of the second gap be 200 mm, and the second gap is filled with a flexible and deformable material 12. The non-grounding floor slab 4 is arranged on the side of the grounding floor slab 3 away from the terrace 7, and the non-grounding floor slab 4 and the grounding floor slab 3 are provided with a tongue-and-groove joint, and the non-grounding floor slab 4 is fixedly connected to the structural column 2.

[0025] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: The bottom surface of the grounding floor slab 3, the top surface of the retaining wall 1, the inner side surface and the bottom surface of the shear key 53 are all connected to the top surface of the retaining wall 1 through the first flexible waterproof material 11, that is, the longitudinal horizontal force between the grounding floor slab 3 and the retaining wall 1 is disengaged. The shear key 53 at the top of the retaining wall 1 and the end of the grounding floor slab 3 can be pressed and fitted to transfer the lateral earth pressure. The side surface of the structural column 2 is connected to the side surface of the grounding floor slab 3 through the flexible and deformable material 12, that is, the force between the structural column 2, the grounding floor slab 3 and the retaining wall 1 is disengaged. At the same time, the non-grounding floor slab 4 has no direct connection with the retaining wall 1. In summary, the combined construction of the main structure of the building and the retaining wall 1 is realized, but the longitudinal horizontal force is disengaged, avoiding the sudden change of the structural stiffness of the main structure and torsional irregularity, and reducing the risk of cracking of the retaining wall 1 caused by the restraint of the longitudinal shrinkage deformation of the retaining wall 1; the setting of the first flexible waterproof material 11 can prevent water from seeping into the building through the first gap, and the setting of the flexible and deformable material 12 enables the structural wall and the retaining wall 1 to deform freely; the setting of the cross beam 5 reduces the bending internal force at the lower part of the retaining wall 1, effectively increases the bearing performance of the retaining wall 1, and avoids the bending deformation of the retaining wall 1 under force, so there is no need to increase the thickness of the retaining wall 1, which is beneficial to saving costs.

[0026] Exemplarily, the top of the side of the grounding floor slab 3 close to the retaining wall 1 is provided with an L-shaped tongue-and-groove slot. The side of the non-grounding floor slab 4 close to the grounding floor slab 3 is arranged in the tongue-and-groove slot, and there is an L-shaped tongue-and-groove joint between the non-grounding floor slab 4 and the grounding floor slab 3. The tongue-and-groove joint is filled with a second flexible waterproof material 41. The setting of the tongue-and-groove slot facilitates the top surface of the grounding floor slab 3 to be flush with the top surface of the non-grounding floor slab 4. The setting of the tongue-and-groove joint and the second waterproof material disengages the horizontal force between the non-grounding floor slab 4 and the grounding floor slab 3, eliminating the restraint of the grounding floor slab 3 on the non-grounding floor slab 4 when the grounding floor slab 3 is stressed.

[0027] Exemplarily, the first flexible waterproof material 11 and the second flexible waterproof material 41 include rubber pads, sealing materials and rubber waterstops. Specifically, the first flexible waterproof material 11 is composed of a rubber pad, a sealing material and a rubber waterstop arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and the second flexible waterproof material 41 is composed of a rubber pad, a sealing material and a rubber waterstop arranged in sequence towards the non-ground floor slab 4. The waterproof effect is good, effectively preventing water from seeping into the building. The flexible and deformable material 12 is a polystyrene board, which can meet the seismic deformation of the main structure and the deformation allowance of the material.

[0028] Exemplarily, the top surface of the cross beam 5 is lower than the top surface of the retaining wall 1. There are convex platforms 51 on the cross beam 5. The convex platforms 51 are connected to the cross beam 5 to form a cross beam with an enlarged bearing capacity. In this embodiment, two convex platforms 51 are provided, and the two convex platforms 51 are arranged at intervals relative to each other, so that the convex platforms 51 and the retaining wall 1 form a water intercepting groove 52. The first flexible waterproof material 11 is filled between the top surface of the convex platform 51 and the bottom surface of the ground floor slab 3 and between the shear key 53 and the top plate of the retaining wall 1 (it can be understood that in order to ensure the normal function of the water intercepting groove 52, the first flexible waterproof material 11 does not need to be filled between the two convex platforms 51 and the bottom surface of the ground floor slab 3). The setting of the water intercepting groove 52 can better intercept the water seepage caused by the failure of the building flexible waterproof material. The water intercepting groove 52 can be provided with a pipeline connected to the drainage device and an anti-backflow measure is designed. The flexible and deformable material 12 is filled between the airside of the shear key 53 (that is, the side of the shear key 53 close to the structural column 2) and the airside of the retaining wall 1 and the side of the structural column 2 close to the retaining wall 1. In this embodiment, the airside of the shear key 53, the airside of the retaining wall 1 and the side of the structural column 2 close to the retaining wall 1 are flush.

[0029] As Figure 3 shown, Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0030] This embodiment is the preferred structural form when the building floor height is large. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a supporting plate 6 is provided on the side of the retaining wall 1 away from the platform 7. The top surface of the supporting plate 6 in this embodiment is flush with the top surface of the cross beam 5. The supporting plate 6 and the cross beam 5 are combined to form a cross beam with an enlarged bearing capacity. The side of the ground floor slab 3 close to the retaining wall 1 is located above the supporting plate 6, and the shear key 53 is located above the supporting plate 6. The first flexible waterproof material 11 is filled between the inner side of the shear key 53 and the airside of the retaining wall 1 and between the bottom surface of the shear key 53 and the top surface of the supporting plate 6. The setting of the supporting plate 6 increases the horizontal cross-sectional size of the cross beam 5, enhances the restraint on the top of the retaining wall 1, and is beneficial to improving the bearing capacity of the retaining wall.

[0031] In this embodiment, as Figure 3As shown in the figure, the side of the grounded floor slab 3 close to the structural column 2 extends beyond the side of the supporting slab 6 close to the structural column 2. That is, there is a relatively large gap between the side of the shear key 53 close to the structural column 2, the side of the supporting slab 6 close to the structural column 2, and the side of the retaining wall 1 close to the structural column 2 and the structural column 2. Therefore, there is no need to fill the flexible and deformable material 12.

[0032] Exemplarily, the horizontal length L of the cross beam 5 is at least 1 / 3 of the height H of the retaining wall 1, effectively reducing the bending internal force at the lower part of the retaining wall 1.

[0033] As Figure 4 shown, Embodiment III of the present invention.

[0034] A structure for disconnecting the main structure from the retaining wall in a sloping building, comprising a retaining wall 1, a structural column 2, and a non-grounded floor slab 4. The retaining wall 1 is provided on one side of the bench 7, and the soil-facing side of the retaining wall 1 is fitted and connected to the side of the bench 7. A cross beam 5 is provided on the soil-facing side of the retaining wall 1. A convex tenon 54 is formed by protruding downward at one end of the cross beam 5 away from the retaining wall. The convex tenon 54 and the cross beam 5 are connected to form a cross beam with an enlarged force-bearing area. The structural column 2 is provided on the air-facing side of the retaining wall 1. A second gap is provided between the air-facing side of the retaining wall 1 and the side surface of the structural column 2. The second gap is filled with a flexible and deformable material 12. The non-grounded floor slab 4 is fixedly connected to the structural column 2. The side of the non-grounded floor slab 4 close to the retaining wall 1 is located above the retaining wall 1. A first gap is provided between the bottom surface of the side of the non-grounded floor slab 4 close to the retaining wall 1 and the top surface of the retaining wall 1. The first gap is filled with a first flexible waterproof material 11.

[0035] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: The side surface of the structural column 2 is connected to the side surface of the retaining wall 1 through the flexible and deformable material 12, that is, the horizontal force-bearing of the structural column 2 and the retaining wall 1 is disconnected. The non-grounded floor slab 4 is connected to the retaining wall 1 through the first flexible waterproof material 11, that is, the horizontal force-bearing of the non-grounded floor slab 4 and the retaining wall 1 is disconnected. In summary, the co-construction of the main structure of the building and the retaining wall 1 is realized while the horizontal force-bearing is disconnected, avoiding serious eccentricity of the plane stiffness of the current floor of the main structure and resulting in torsional irregularity, and reducing the risk of cracking of the retaining wall 1 caused by the restraint of the longitudinal shrinkage deformation of the retaining wall 1; the setting of the first flexible waterproof material 11 can prevent water from seeping into the building from the first gap, and the setting of the flexible and deformable material 12 enables the structural wall and the retaining wall 1 to deform freely; the setting of the cross beam 5 reduces the bending internal force of the retaining wall 1, and the setting of the convex tenon 54 enhances the support restraint effect at the top of the retaining wall 1, thereby increasing the load-bearing performance of the retaining wall 1 under the same thickness, achieving a more economical structural size, being beneficial to saving costs. This embodiment is applicable to the structure where there is no need to set a grounded floor slab 3 on the bench 7, such as the bench 7 at the top floor.

[0036] Exemplarily, the top surface of the horizontal beam 5 is lower than the top surface of the retaining wall 1. A third gap is provided between the terrace 7 above the horizontal beam 5, the retaining wall 1 and the non-ground floor slab 4. The third gap is filled with a third flexible waterproof material 42, which further plays a role in waterproofing.

[0037] Exemplarily, the first flexible waterproof material 11 includes a rubber block, a polyurethane and a water stop strip arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The third flexible waterproof material 42 includes a rubber pad, a water stop strip and a sealing coil. The flexible and deformable material 12 is a polystyrene board, which can meet the seismic deformation of the main structure and the deformation permission of the material.

[0038] Exemplarily, the horizontal length L of the horizontal beam 5 is at least 1 / 3 of the height H of the retaining wall 1, effectively reducing the force on the lower part of the retaining wall 1.

[0039] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and replacements can be made, and these improvements and replacements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure in a sloping land building where the main structure is disconnected from the retaining wall, characterized in that: It includes a retaining wall, structural columns, a grounded floor slab, and a non-grounded floor slab. The retaining wall is provided on one side of the bench terrace, and the soil-facing side of the retaining wall is closely connected to the side of the bench terrace. A sleeper beam is provided on the soil-facing side of the retaining wall. The grounded floor slab is provided on the top of the bench terrace. The side of the grounded floor slab close to the retaining wall is located above the retaining wall. A shear key is formed by downward protrusion at the bottom of the side of the grounded floor slab close to the retaining wall. A first gap is provided between the bottom surface of the grounded floor slab and the top surface of the retaining wall, and between the shear key and the top of the retaining wall. The first gap is filled with a first flexible waterproof material. The structural columns are provided on the air-facing side of the retaining wall. A second gap is provided between the side of the grounded floor slab close to the retaining wall and the side surface of the structural column. The second gap is filled with a flexible and deformable material. The non-grounded floor slab is provided on the side of the grounded floor slab away from the bench terrace, and the non-grounded floor slab overlaps with the grounded floor slab. The non-grounded floor slab is fixedly connected to the structural column.

2. The structure of disconnecting the main structure from the retaining wall in the sloping land building according to claim 1, wherein: An L-shaped rabbet groove is provided at the top of the side of the grounded floor slab close to the retaining wall. The side of the non-grounded floor slab close to the grounded floor slab is provided in the rabbet groove. An L-shaped rabbet joint is provided between the non-grounded floor slab and the grounded floor slab. The rabbet joint is filled with a second flexible waterproof material.

3. The structure in a sloping land building where the main structure is disengaged from the retaining wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first flexible waterproof material and the second flexible waterproof material include a rubber pad, a sealing material, and a rubber waterstop. The flexible and deformable material is a polystyrene board.

4. The structure of the main body structure and the retaining wall being separated in the sloping land building according to claim 1, wherein: The top surface of the sleeper beam is lower than the top surface of the retaining wall. A convex platform is provided on the sleeper beam. The convex platform and the retaining wall form a water intercepting trough. The first flexible waterproof material is filled between the top surface of the convex platform and the bottom surface of the grounded floor slab. The flexible and deformable material is filled between the air-facing side of the shear key and the air-facing side of the retaining wall and the side of the structural column close to the retaining wall.

5. The structure in a sloping land building where the main structure is separated from the retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: A supporting plate is provided on the side of the retaining wall away from the bench terrace. The side of the grounded floor slab close to the retaining wall is located above the supporting plate, and the shear key is located above the supporting plate. The first flexible waterproof material is filled between the inner side of the shear key and the air-facing side of the retaining wall, and between the bottom surface of the shear key and the top surface of the supporting plate.

6. The structure of disconnecting the main structure from the retaining wall in the sloping land building according to claim 1, wherein: The horizontal length L of the sleeper beam is at least 1 / 3 of the height H of the retaining wall.

Images