An automatically controllable clamping drive pneumatic floating chuck

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pneumatic floating chuck with clamping drive that can be automatically controlled, which includes a follow-up pneumatic chuck and a spring clamping mechanism installed on the follow-up pneumatic chuck; the follow-up pneumatic chuck includes a chuck body, an annular cylinder, a return spring, a conical tip, and a rectangular sealing ring; the spring clamping mechanism includes a mounting frame, a connecting shaft, a driving spring, a clamping bayonet, and a roller; when the clamping bayonet is in a closed state after being assembled, a pair of rollers at relative positions on the two mounting frames are located directly above the through holes on the chuck body; at this time, the conical tip is driven to move upward, and the conical tip will be inserted between the rollers of the pair of rollers at relative positions on the two mounting frames. As the conical tip continues to move, the two mounting frames are pushed to both sides through the rollers, so that the clamping bayonet is opened to clamp the part for subsequent processing. The present invention can solve the problems of rapid positioning and clamping of low-speed rotating parts, and greatly improve the clamping efficiency of parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of automated design, and particularly to a pneumatically actuated floating chuck with clamping drive that can be controlled automatically. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, for the clamping and positioning of low-speed rotating parts such as grinding machines and hobbing machines, the method of manually installing and adjusting the lever is generally adopted, which has problems such as low clamping and positioning accuracy and low efficiency.

[0003] Some chuck structures proposed in the prior art generally have the problem that they need to be disassembled under manual intervention and cannot achieve automatic disassembly and assembly of parts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pneumatically actuated floating chuck with clamping drive that can be controlled automatically to solve the problems of low automation level and low efficiency existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A pneumatically actuated floating chuck with clamping drive that can be controlled automatically includes a follow-up pneumatic chuck and a spring clamping mechanism installed on the follow-up pneumatic chuck;

[0007] The follow-up pneumatic chuck includes a chuck body, an annular cylinder, a return spring, a conical tip, and a rectangular sealing ring, wherein:

[0008] The chuck body is of an annular structure, and a pair of through holes are provided on the chuck body. An annular cylinder is installed below the chuck body; a pair of pistons are assembled in the annular cylinder, and a conical tip is installed on each piston; the upper part of the conical tip is of a conical structure, and the lower part is of a cylindrical structure. The conical tip is arranged along the axial direction of the chuck body; the upper part of the conical tip is inserted into the through hole; when the annular cylinder is ventilated, the driving piston pushes the conical tip to move axially, and the conical tip will penetrate through the through hole on the chuck body and extend out of the upper surface of the chuck body for opening the clamping bayonet in the spring clamping mechanism. A return spring is installed on the piston; a through groove is provided in the middle of the chuck body, and the through groove is directly below the clamping bayonet of the spring clamping mechanism; a hollow central tube is coaxially arranged below the through groove, and the annular cylinder is arranged around the central tube;

[0009] The spring clamping mechanism includes a mounting bracket, a connecting shaft, a driving spring, a clamping bayonet, and a roller, wherein:

[0010] A pair of mounting brackets and a pair of connecting shafts are provided. The pair of connecting shafts horizontally pass through the pair of mounting brackets, and the mounting brackets can slide on the connecting shafts. The clamping bayonet is arranged in the middle of the pair of mounting brackets. The clamping bayonet includes two symmetric clamping members, and a V-shaped card slot is arranged on the clamping member. The two clamping members are respectively arranged on the pair of mounting brackets. During the process of the mounting brackets approaching each other, the card slots on the clamping members are spliced together to clamp the parts. A driving spring is arranged on each connecting shaft on the side of the mounting bracket to push the mounting brackets to approach each other. The driving spring enables the clamping bayonet to maintain a closed and clamped state without external force. Mounting grooves are symmetrically arranged on the opposite sides of the pair of mounting brackets, and rollers that cooperate with each other are assembled in the mounting grooves.

[0011] When the clamping bayonet is in a closed state after being spliced, a pair of rollers at the relative positions on the two mounting brackets are located directly above the through holes on the chuck body. At this time, the driving tapered tip moves upward, and the tapered tip will be inserted between the rollers of the pair of rollers at the relative positions on the two mounting brackets. As the tapered tip continues to move, the two mounting brackets are pushed apart to both sides through the rollers, so that the clamping bayonet opens.

[0012] Further, when the annular cylinder is deflated, the tapered tip is reset under the action of the return spring. At this time, the clamping bayonet of the spring clamping mechanism is closed to clamp the parts.

[0013] Further, an outer ring is arranged outside the follow-up pneumatic chuck. The outer ring is arranged around the annular cylinder, and the outer ring is in sliding fit with the annular cylinder. The cross-section of the outer ring is a "concave" structure, and a rectangular sealing ring is assembled in the outer ring. A sealing strip is arranged on the annular cylinder above the outer ring. An air inlet is arranged on the outer ring for connecting an air charging pipe. Air vent holes are arranged on the rectangular sealing ring, and the air inlet of the cylinder is located on the side of the rectangular sealing ring. The rectangular sealing ring will expand in the inflated state.

[0014] Further, a docking flange is coaxially fixed to the lower part of the annular cylinder for connecting the follow-up pneumatic chuck to the rotating spindle of the machine tool.

[0015] Further, a locking nut is also arranged on each connecting shaft on the side of the driving spring to adjust the position of the driving spring. One end of the driving spring is supported on the locking nut, and the other end is supported on the mounting bracket.

[0016] Further, on each mounting bracket, one mounting groove is arranged on each side of the clamping bayonet.

[0017] Further, the spring clamping mechanism is installed on the follow-up pneumatic chuck through a floating alignment mechanism.

[0018] The floating alignment mechanism includes a positioning screw and a positioning plate. A pair of positioning plates are arranged on both sides of the clamping bayonet. Each positioning plate is fixedly connected to the mounting frame on that side. A strip-shaped positioning groove is opened on each positioning plate. The positioning screw passes through the positioning groove and is fixed in the threaded hole on the upper surface of the chuck body, and there is a gap between the positioning screw and the positioning plate.

[0019] Furthermore, when the present invention is applied to a grinding machine:

[0020] The first step is to connect the follow-up pneumatic chuck to the grinder spindle through the docking flange on the follow-up pneumatic chuck, and then fix the outer ring to the outer shell of the grinder by screws to keep it stationary; then connect the inflation tube to the outer ring;

[0021] The second step is to ventilate the annular cylinder in the follower pneumatic chuck through the inflation pipe, and the annular cylinder pushes the conical top upward through the piston, opening the spring clamping mechanism so that the clamping bayonet is opened;

[0022] In the third step, the manual / robot passes the part through the opened clamping bayonet, installs the part on the top of the headstock of the grinder, and then passes the part through the opened clamping bayonet and tightens the part through the tail top of the grinder to automatically adjust the center axis;

[0023] The fourth step is to deflate the follow-up pneumatic chuck, and the spring clamping mechanism automatically contracts the clamping bayonet to clamp the part under the action of the driving spring, and then grind the part;

[0024] Step 5: After the part is ground, ventilate the follow-up pneumatic chuck and the conical top opens the clamping bayonet again to release the part.

[0025] In the sixth step, the parts are removed from the grinder manually or by the robot and sent to the next process.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical features:

[0027] The invention can solve the problem of fast positioning and clamping of low-speed rotating parts such as grinders and gear hobbing machines, and has the basis for serial promotion, greatly improving the clamping efficiency of parts. It has been applied to the automatic loading and unloading project of cylindrical grinders at production sites, and cooperates with the robot automatic loading and unloading system to realize the automatic clamping and driving functions of processed parts, which can be promoted and applied in related industries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a follow-up pneumatic chuck;

[0030] Figure 3It is an axial sectional view of a follow-up pneumatic chuck;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a top view of a spring clamping mechanism;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram when the present invention is installed on a grinding machine;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram when the present invention clamps a part;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram after the present invention clamps a part.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the figure: 1 Follow-up pneumatic chuck, 2 Spring clamping mechanism, 3 Floating alignment mechanism, 4 Outer ring, 11 Chuck body, 12 Ring cylinder, 13 Tapered tip, 14 Docking flange, 15 Through hole, 16 Sealing strip, 17 Central tube, 18 Through groove, 19 Rectangular sealing ring, 110 Piston, 21 Mounting bracket, 22 Connecting shaft, 23 Driving spring, 24 Clamping bayonet, 25 Locking nut, 26 Roller, 27 Mounting groove, 28 V-shaped card slot, 31 Positioning plate, 32 Positioning groove, 33 Positioning screw. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] A clamping drive pneumatic floating chuck that can be automatically controlled provided by the present invention can be applied to the clamping and positioning of low-speed rotating parts such as grinding machines and hobbing machines. Through the automatic clamping of grinding machine parts, the existing manual adjustment lever part limiting method is changed. The spring clamping mechanism 2 is used to clamp the part and drive the part to rotate, realizing the mutual planetary motion between the grinding wheel and the part; at the same time, it can also cooperate with a robot to realize automatic loading and unloading of the grinding machine.

[0037] Referring to the attached drawings, a clamping drive pneumatic floating chuck that can be automatically controlled provided by the present invention includes a follow-up pneumatic chuck 1, and a spring clamping mechanism 2 installed on the follow-up pneumatic chuck 1 through a floating alignment mechanism 3, wherein:

[0038] 1. Follow-up pneumatic chuck 1

[0039] During the clamping and splitting process of the part, the follow-up pneumatic chuck 1 provides power support at any time, laying a foundation for the automatic loading and unloading transformation of the grinding machine robot.

[0040] The follow-up pneumatic chuck 1 includes a chuck body 11, a ring cylinder 12, a return spring, a tapered tip 13, an outer ring 4, a rectangular sealing ring 19, and a docking flange 14, wherein:

[0041] The chuck body 11 is of an annular structure. A pair of through holes 15 are provided on the chuck body 11. An annular cylinder 12 is installed below the chuck body 11. A pair of pistons 110 are assembled in the annular cylinder 12. A conical tip 13 is installed on each piston 110. The upper part of the conical tip 13 is of a conical structure, and the lower part is of a cylindrical structure. The conical tip 13 is arranged along the axis parallel to the chuck body 11. The upper part of the conical tip 13 is inserted into the through hole 15. When the annular cylinder 12 is ventilated, it drives the piston 110 to push the conical tip 13 to move axially, and the conical tip 13 will penetrate out of the through hole 15 on the chuck body 11 and extend out of the upper surface of the chuck body 11, for opening the clamping bayonet 24 in the spring clamping mechanism 2. A return spring is installed on the piston 110. When the ventilation of the annular cylinder 12 is removed, the conical tip 13 is reset under the action of the return spring. At this time, the clamping bayonet 24 of the spring clamping mechanism 2 is closed to clamp the part.

[0042] Referring to the attached drawings, a through groove 18 is provided in the middle of the chuck body 11. A hollow central tube 17 is coaxially arranged below the through groove 18. The annular cylinder 12 is arranged around the central tube 17. The through groove 18 is directly below the clamping bayonet 24 of the spring clamping mechanism 2. When clamping a part, the part can pass through the through groove 18 and through the central tube 17, so as to facilitate the installation of the part on the machine tool.

[0043] An outer ring 4 is arranged outside the follower pneumatic chuck 1. The outer ring 4 is arranged around the annular cylinder 12. The outer ring 4 and the annular cylinder 12 are in sliding fit. The cross section of the outer ring 4 is of a "concave" structure. A rectangular sealing ring 19 is assembled in the outer ring 4. A sealing strip 16 is arranged in a circle on the annular cylinder 12 above the outer ring 4. An air inlet is provided on the outer ring 4 for connecting an air charging pipe. The rectangular sealing ring 19 is provided with air vents. The air inlet of the cylinder is located on the side of the rectangular sealing ring 19. The rectangular sealing ring 19 will expand in the inflated state. A docking flange 14 is coaxially fixed at the lower part of the annular cylinder 12, for connecting the follower pneumatic chuck 1 with the rotating spindle of the machine tool.

[0044] During use, the outer ring 4 is fixed on the housing of the machine tool, and then the docking flange 14 is installed on the machine tool spindle, so that the follower pneumatic chuck 1 and the spring clamping mechanism 2 both rotate with the part driven by the machine tool spindle. The rectangular sealing ring 19 is provided with air vents. When the chuck is supplied with air, the sealing ring expands to block the gap between the outer ring 4 and the annular cylinder 12, so that the gas can only enter the annular cylinder 12 from the air vents. The expansion of the sealing ring ensures that the outer ring 4 and the chuck body 11 are sealed without air leakage. When the pressure is relieved, the rectangular sealing ring 19 retracts, ensuring a gap is left between the outer ring 4 and the annular cylinder 12 for relative movement.

[0045] That is, when inflating the annular cylinder 12 during the clamping process of the part, the follower pneumatic chuck 1 is in a stationary state at this time, and the rectangular sealing ring 19 realizes sealing only under the pressurized state; after the part is clamped and fixed, when the follower pneumatic chuck 1 is driven to rotate by the machine tool, since the outer ring 4 is fixed on the machine tool housing, during the rotation of the follower pneumatic chuck 1 and the part following the machine tool spindle, since the cylinder has completed driving and is in a pressure relief state, at this time the rectangular sealing ring 19 shrinks, so that there is a gap between the outer ring 4 and the annular cylinder 12, so that during the high-speed rotation of the follower pneumatic chuck 1, the friction with the outer ring 4 can be reduced.

[0046] 2. Spring clamping mechanism 2

[0047] The spring clamping mechanism 2 is installed on the upper surface of the chuck body 11 of the follower pneumatic chuck 1 through the floating alignment mechanism 3; the spring clamping mechanism 2 includes a mounting frame 21, a connecting shaft 22, a driving spring 23, a clamping bayonet 24, a locking nut 25, and a roller 26, where:

[0048] A pair of mounting frames 21 and a pair of connecting shafts 22 are provided. A pair of connecting shafts 22 pass through a pair of mounting frames 21 horizontally, and the mounting frames 21 can slide on the connecting shafts 22; the clamping bayonet 24 is provided in the middle of a pair of mounting frames 21. The clamping bayonet 24 includes two symmetrically arranged clamping parts, and a V-shaped card slot 28 is provided on the clamping parts; the two clamping parts are respectively arranged on a pair of mounting frames 21. During the process of the mounting frames 21 approaching each other, the card slots on the clamping parts are spliced together to clamp the part; a driving spring 23 is provided on each connecting shaft 22 on the side of the mounting frame 21 to push the mounting frames 21 to approach each other; a locking nut 25 is also provided on each connecting shaft 22 on the side of the driving spring 23 to adjust the position of the driving spring 23; among them, one end of the driving spring 23 is supported on the locking nut 25, and the other end is supported on the mounting frame 21. The driving spring 23 makes the clamping bayonet 24 maintain a closed clamping state when not subjected to external force. Mounting grooves 27 are symmetrically opened on the opposite sides of a pair of the mounting frames 21, and rollers 26 that cooperate with each other are assembled in the mounting grooves 27; among them, on each mounting frame 21, a mounting groove 27 is provided on each side of the clamping bayonet 24. The rollers 26 in the mounting grooves 27 are used to cooperate with the conical tip 13 in the pneumatic chuck body 11 to open the clamping bayonet 24.

[0049] When the clamping bayonet 24 is in a closed state after being spliced, a pair of rollers 26 at the relative positions on the two mounting frames 21 are located directly above the through hole 15 on the chuck body 11; at this time, the conical tip 13 is driven to move upward, and the conical tip 13 will be inserted between the rollers 26 of the pair of rollers 26 at the relative positions on the two mounting frames 21. As the conical tip 13 moves continuously, the two mounting frames 21 are pushed apart to both sides through the rollers 26, so that the clamping bayonet 24 is opened.

[0050] See Figure 1 In this embodiment, the spring clamping mechanism 2 is composed of 4 groups of springs, 4 groups of locking nuts 25 and clamping chucks 24, etc.; the middle clamping chuck 24 is pushed by the spring force to clamp the outer circle of the part; the outer locking nut 25 is adjusted or different specifications of springs are replaced according to the driving force requirements of the part to meet the radial clamping of different parts; the clamping force of the clamping chuck 24 on different parts is adjusted through the locking nut 25, and the clamping force range is 0-100 Kg.

[0051] 3. Floating alignment mechanism 3

[0052] The floating alignment mechanism 3 includes positioning screws 33 and positioning plates 31. Among them, a pair of positioning plates 31 are provided and located on both sides of the clamping chuck 24. Each positioning plate 31 is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 21 on this side; a strip-shaped positioning groove 32 is opened on each positioning plate 31. The positioning screw 33 passes through the positioning groove 32 and is fixed in the threaded hole on the upper surface of the chuck body 11, and there is a gap between the positioning screw 33 and the positioning plate 31. The function of the positioning screw 33 is not to fix the positioning plate 31. The cooperation between the positioning screw 33 and the positioning groove 32 enables the spring clamping mechanism 2 to slide within a certain range in the length direction of the positioning groove 32, and the length direction of the positioning groove 32 is also the opening direction of the clamping chuck 24; thus ensuring that the spring clamping mechanism 2 can be adjusted adaptively according to the part to achieve dynamic floating alignment.

[0053] The floating alignment mechanism 3 provided in this embodiment can dynamically correct the clamping position of the clamping mechanism according to the shape requirements of different parts, and ensure that the clamping force of the part remains unchanged. Within a floating range of 2 mm in radius, it does not affect the positioning accuracy of the center center point.

[0054] The control process of the present invention is simple. Only by controlling the ventilation and air cut-off of the annular cylinder 12, the clamping or unloading of the part can be realized. This control process can be automated and is easy to be uniformly coordinated and controlled with other additional processing upstream and downstream equipment.

[0055] The working process of the present invention when applied to a grinding machine is as follows:

[0056] First step, connect the servo pneumatic chuck 1 to the grinding machine spindle through the docking flange 14 on the servo pneumatic chuck 1. After that, fix the outer ring 4 to the outer shell of the grinding machine through screws to keep it stationary; then connect the charging pipe to the outer ring 4;

[0057] Second step, ventilate the annular cylinder 12 in the servo pneumatic chuck 1 through the charging pipe. The annular cylinder 12 pushes the conical center point 13 upward through the piston 110 to expand the spring clamping mechanism 2, so that the clamping chuck 24 opens;

[0058] In the third step, a worker / robot passes the part through the open clamping bayonet 24, installs the part on the headstock center of the grinding machine, and then passes it through the open clamping bayonet 24. The part is tightened by the tailstock center of the grinding machine to automatically adjust the central axis;

[0059] In the fourth step, the follow-up pneumatic chuck 1 is deflated. Under the action of the driving spring 23, the spring clamping mechanism 2 automatically contracts to clamp the part with the clamping bayonet 24, and then the part is ground;

[0060] In the fifth step, after the part grinding is completed, the follow-up pneumatic chuck 1 is ventilated, and the tapered center 13 opens the clamping bayonet 24 again to release the part;

[0061] In the sixth step, a worker / robot removes the part from the grinding machine and proceeds to the next process.

[0062] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limiting them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatically controllable clamping drive pneumatic floating chuck, characterized in that, It includes a follower pneumatic chuck (1) and a spring clamping mechanism (2) installed on the follower pneumatic chuck (1). The follower pneumatic chuck (1) includes a chuck body (11), an annular cylinder (12), a return spring, a conical tip (13), and a rectangular sealing ring (19), where: The chuck body (11) is of an annular structure. A pair of through holes (15) are provided on the chuck body (11), and an annular cylinder (12) is installed below the chuck body (11). A pair of pistons (110) are assembled in the annular cylinder (12), and a conical tip (13) is installed on each piston (110). The upper part of the conical tip (13) is of a conical structure, and the lower part is of a cylindrical structure. The conical tip (13) is arranged along the axial direction parallel to the chuck body (11). The upper part of the conical tip (13) is inserted into the through hole (15). When the annular cylinder (12) is ventilated, it drives the piston (110) to push the conical tip (13) to move axially, and the conical tip (13) will penetrate out of the through hole (15) on the chuck body (11) and extend out of the upper surface of the chuck body (11) to open the clamping bayonet (24) in the spring clamping mechanism (2). A return spring is installed on the piston (110). A through groove (18) is provided in the middle of the chuck body (11), and this through groove (18) is directly below the clamping bayonet (24) of the spring clamping mechanism (2). A hollow central tube (17) is coaxially arranged below the through groove (18), and the annular cylinder (12) is arranged around the central tube (17). The spring clamping mechanism (2) includes a mounting bracket (21), a connecting shaft (22), a driving spring (23), a clamping bayonet (24), and a roller (26), where: A pair of mounting brackets (21) and a pair of connecting shafts (22) are provided. A pair of connecting shafts (22) horizontally pass through a pair of mounting brackets (21), and the mounting brackets (21) can slide on the connecting shafts (22). The clamping bayonet (24) is arranged in the middle of a pair of mounting brackets (21). The clamping bayonet (24) includes two symmetrical clamping parts, and V-shaped clamping grooves (28) are provided on the clamping parts. The two clamping parts are respectively arranged on a pair of mounting brackets (21). During the process of the mounting brackets (21) approaching each other, the clamping grooves on the clamping parts are joined together to clamp the parts. A driving spring (23) is arranged on each connecting shaft (22) on the side of the mounting bracket (21) to push the mounting brackets (21) to approach each other. The driving spring (23) enables the clamping bayonet (24) to maintain a closed and clamped state when not under external force. Mounting grooves (27) are symmetrically provided on the opposite sides of a pair of the mounting brackets (21), and rollers (26) that cooperate with each other are assembled in the mounting grooves (27). When the clamping bayonet (24) is in a closed state after being assembled, a pair of rollers (26) at relative positions on the two mounting brackets (21) are located directly above the through hole (15) on the chuck body (11). At this time, the driving tapered tip (13) moves upward, and the tapered tip (13) will be inserted between the rollers (26) of the rollers (26) at relative positions on the two mounting brackets (21). As the tapered tip (13) continues to move, the two mounting brackets (21) are pushed apart to both sides through the rollers (26), so that the clamping bayonet (24) is opened.

2. The automatically controllable clamping drive pneumatic floating chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the annular cylinder (12) is deflated, the tapered tip (13) is reset under the action of the return spring. At this time, the clamping bayonet (24) of the spring clamping mechanism (2) is closed to clamp the part.

3. The automatically controllable clamping drive pneumatic floating chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that, An outer ring (4) is arranged outside the follower pneumatic chuck (1). The outer ring (4) is arranged around the annular cylinder (12), and the outer ring (4) is in sliding fit with the annular cylinder (12). The cross-section of the outer ring (4) is a "concave" structure, and a rectangular sealing ring (19) is assembled inside the outer ring (4). A sealing strip (16) is arranged on the annular cylinder (12) above the outer ring (4). An air inlet is arranged on the outer ring (4) for connecting an air charging pipe. A ventilation hole is arranged on the rectangular sealing ring (19), and the air inlet of the cylinder is located on the side of the rectangular sealing ring (19). The rectangular sealing ring (19) will expand in the inflated state.

4. The automatically controllable clamping drive pneumatic floating chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that, A docking flange (14) is coaxially fixed to the lower part of the annular cylinder (12) for connecting the follower pneumatic chuck (1) to the rotating main shaft of the machine tool.

5. The automatically controllable clamping drive pneumatic floating chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that, A locking nut (25) is also arranged on each connecting shaft (22) on the side of the driving spring (23) for adjusting the position of the driving spring (23). One end of the driving spring (23) is supported on the locking nut (25), and the other end is supported on the mounting bracket (21).

6. The automatically controllable clamping drive pneumatic floating chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that, On each mounting bracket (21), a mounting groove (27) is arranged on each side of the clamping bayonet (24).

7. The automatically controllable clamping drive pneumatic floating chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spring clamping mechanism (2) is mounted on the follower pneumatic chuck (1) through a floating alignment mechanism (3); The floating alignment mechanism (3) includes positioning screws (33) and positioning plates (31). A pair of positioning plates (31) are arranged on both sides of the clamping bayonet (24). Each positioning plate (31) is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (21) on this side. A strip-shaped positioning groove (32) is arranged on each positioning plate (31). The positioning screws (33) pass through the positioning grooves (32) and are fixed in the threaded holes on the upper surface of the chuck body (11), and there is a gap between the positioning screws (33) and the positioning plates (31).

8. The automatically controllable clamping drive pneumatic floating chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the present invention is applied to a grinding machine: In the first step, the follower pneumatic chuck (1) is connected to the grinding machine main shaft through the docking flange (14) on the follower pneumatic chuck (1). Then, the outer ring (4) is fixed to the outer shell of the grinding machine by screws to keep it stationary. Then, the air charging pipe is connected to the outer ring (4); In the second step, air is supplied to the annular cylinder (12) in the follower pneumatic chuck (1) through the air supply pipe. The annular cylinder (12) pushes the conical tip (13) upward through the piston (110), expanding the spring clamping mechanism (2) to open the clamping bayonet (24). In the third step, a worker / robot passes the part through the opened clamping bayonet (24), installs the part on the headstock center of the grinding machine, and then passes it through the opened clamping bayonet (24). The part is tightened by the tailstock center of the grinding machine to automatically adjust its central axis. In the fourth step, the follower pneumatic chuck (1) is deflated. Under the action of the driving spring (23), the spring clamping mechanism (2) automatically contracts to clamp the clamping bayonet (24) on the part, and then the part is ground. In the fifth step, after the part grinding is completed, air is supplied to the follower pneumatic chuck (1), and the conical tip (13) opens the clamping bayonet (24) again to release the part. In the sixth step, a worker / robot removes the part from the grinding machine and moves it to the next process.

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