A high-efficiency cutting PDC bit

Abstract

The application provides a high-efficiency cutting PDC drill bit, belonging to the technical field of mine engineering and geological drilling, which comprises a connecting rod, a drill bit body, cutting teeth and a conical crushing head, a thread is formed in the lower end of the connecting rod; the drill bit body is fixedly installed at the upper end of the connecting rod, a plurality of drill blades are arranged on the drill bit body in a circumferential direction, a plurality of orientation parts for positioning and guiding are further formed in the end face of the drill bit body away from the connecting rod, the plurality of orientation parts are arranged in a ring shape, and the upper end of the orientation part is higher than the upper end of the drill blade; the number of the cutting teeth is plural, and the plurality of cutting teeth are fixedly installed on the drill blade and the orientation part; the conical crushing head is fixedly installed on the upper end of the drill bit body and has the same height as the orientation part; and a plurality of crushing teeth are arranged on the conical crushing head. The high-efficiency cutting PDC drill bit is accurate in positioning and guiding and high in cutting efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the fields of mining engineering and geological drilling, and specifically relates to a high-efficiency cutting PDC drill bit. Background Technology

[0002] As mining engineering and geological drilling efforts deepen, the geological structures encountered during drilling become increasingly complex, leading to greater drilling difficulties. To reduce costs, higher demands are placed on the quality of drill bits. Since the advent of PDC (polycrystalline diamond composite) drill bits, their high mechanical speed, long drilling depth, and long service life have made them a widely used tool in mining engineering and geological drilling. With increased understanding of PDC drill bits, their production technology has improved, and demand has increased. However, when cutting through soil layers, the complexity of the geological structure can easily lead to inaccurate positioning and guidance, as well as low cutting efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a high-efficiency PDC drill bit to solve the technical problems of inaccurate positioning and guidance and low cutting efficiency in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a high-efficiency cutting PDC drill bit, comprising:

[0005] The connecting rod has a threaded end for connection to the drilling rig;

[0006] The drill bit body is fixedly installed on the upper end of the connecting rod; the drill bit body is provided with a plurality of drill bit wings arranged circumferentially; a plurality of directional parts for positioning and guidance are also provided on the end face of the drill bit body away from the connecting rod, and the plurality of directional parts are arranged in a ring; the upper end of the directional part is higher than the upper end of the drill bit wings.

[0007] Multiple cutting teeth are used to compress and shear the rock and soil layers; the multiple cutting teeth are respectively fixedly installed on the drill bit blade and the directional part.

[0008] A conical breaker head is fixedly installed on the upper end of the drill bit body, and its height is the same as that of the directional part; the conical breaker head is provided with multiple breaker teeth, which are used to crush and pulverize the rock and soil layers.

[0009] In one possible implementation, multiple drill blades are evenly arranged.

[0010] In one possible implementation, a plurality of the directional sections are evenly arranged along the circumference of the drill bit body, and the directional sections are tapered structures with a smaller top and a larger bottom.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the central axes of the conical breaker head, the drill bit body, and the connecting rod are collinear, and a plurality of the directional parts are arranged around the conical breaker head.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the connecting rod is provided with a water inlet channel, and both the drill bit body and the drill bit blade are provided with multiple water spray nozzles that communicate with the water inlet channel. The multiple water spray nozzles on the drill bit body are arranged around the conical breaker head; the multiple water spray nozzles located at the upper end of the drill bit blade are arranged along the length direction of the drill bit blade.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the drill bit body and the drill bit blades are also provided with multiple arc-shaped chip removal grooves.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the multiple cutting teeth are circumferentially arranged around the central axis of the drill bit body, and the cutting rotation direction is counterclockwise.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the plurality of arc-shaped chip removal grooves are respectively located on the side of the drill bit body and in the middle of two adjacent drill bit blades; the plurality of arc-shaped chip removal grooves are located on the side of the drill bit blade perpendicular to the water nozzle.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the high-efficiency cutting PDC drill bit provided by this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the high-efficiency cutting PDC drill bit of this invention, when in use, is installed on the drilling machine through the thread at the lower end of the connecting rod. When the drilling machine is started, the connecting rod drives the drill bit body to rotate. At the same time, the drill bit body drives the drill bit blades, the directional part, and the conical breaker head to rotate together. When drilling into the soil and rock layer, the directional part and the conical breaker head are used to perform trial drilling at the desired drilling position to determine whether the hole position is correct. After the position is determined, the conical breaker head is used to crush and compact the soil and rock layer, and then the cutting teeth on the drill bit blades are used to cut and compress the soil and rock layer, slowly pushing the PDC drill bit into the soil and rock layer. The height is higher than the directional part of the drill bit blades. When working in the soil and rock layer, its own height is used to perform circumferential cutting of the soil and rock layer in advance, ensuring the stability of the subsequent drill bit blades, thereby guiding the PDC drill bit that is penetrating into the soil and rock layer and preventing the PDC drill bit from deviating. In this way, the PDC drill bit is positioned and guided by the orientation section, and the conical crusher head is used to crush the soil and rock layers in advance. Then, the cutting teeth located on the drill bit blades squeeze and shear the soil and rock layers, which makes the PDC drill bit accurately positioned and guided during use and improves the cutting efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a top view of the PDC drill bit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a front view of the PDC drill bit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a front view of the conical crushing head provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the orientation section provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a front view of the drill bit blade provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0024] 1. Connecting rod; 11. Water inlet channel; 2. Drill bit body; 21. Drill bit blade; 22. Orientation section; 23. Water nozzle; 24. Chip removal groove; 3. Cutting teeth; 4. Conical breaker head; 41. Breaking teeth. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0027] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0028] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0029] Please see Figures 1 to 5 The present invention will now describe a high-efficiency PDC drill bit. A high-efficiency PDC drill bit includes a connecting rod 1, a drill bit body 2, cutting teeth 3, and a conical breaker head 4. The lower end of the connecting rod 1 is threaded for connection to a drilling rig. The drill bit body 2 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the connecting rod 1. The drill bit body 2 has multiple circumferentially arranged drill bit wings 21. Multiple directional portions 22 for positioning and guidance are also provided on the end face of the drill bit body 2 away from the connecting rod 1. The multiple directional portions 22 are arranged in a ring, and the upper end of the directional portions 22 is higher than the upper end of the drill bit wings 21. Multiple cutting teeth 3 are used for compressing and shearing rock and soil layers. The multiple cutting teeth 3 are respectively fixedly mounted on the drill bit wings 21 and the directional portions 22. The conical breaker head 4 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the drill bit body 2, and its height is the same as the height of the directional portions 22. The conical breaker head 4 has multiple breaking teeth 41, which are used for compressing and crushing rock and soil layers.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the PDC drill bit provided in this embodiment is a high-efficiency cutting PDC drill bit. In use, the PDC drill bit is installed on the drilling machine through the thread at the lower end of the connecting rod 1. When the drilling machine is started, the connecting rod 1 drives the drill bit body 2 to rotate. At the same time, the drill bit body 2 drives the drill bit blades 21, the directional part 22, and the conical breaker head 4 to rotate together. When drilling into the rock and soil layer, the directional part 22 and the conical breaker head 4 are used to perform trial drilling at the desired drilling position to determine whether the hole position is correct. After the position is determined, the conical breaker head 4 is used to crush and compact the rock and soil layer, and then the cutting teeth 3 on the drill bit blades 21 are used to cut and squeeze the rock and soil layer, slowly pushing the PDC drill bit into the rock and soil layer. The height is higher than the directional part 22 of the drill bit blades 21. When working in the rock and soil layer, its own height is used to perform circumferential cutting of the rock and soil layer in advance to ensure the stability of the drill bit blades 21. This guides the PDC drill bit that is penetrating into the rock and soil layer and prevents the PDC drill bit from deviating. In this way, the PDC drill bit is positioned and guided by the orientation section 22, the conical crusher head 4 is used to crush the rock and soil layer in advance, and the cutting teeth 3 located on the drill bit blade 21 are used to squeeze and shear the rock and soil layer, so that the PDC drill bit is accurately positioned and guided during use, and the cutting efficiency is improved.

[0031] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As a specific embodiment of the PDC drill bit provided by the present invention, multiple drill bit blades 21 are fixedly installed on the drill bit body 2 and located above the drill bit body 2. The multiple drill bit blades 21 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the drill bit body 2. When the PDC drill bit is performing cutting work, the drill bit blades 21 evenly arranged on the drill bit body 2, when the drill bit blades 21 rotate and contact the rock and soil layer, the rock and soil layer is continuously cut by the continuously rotating drill bit blades 21. Furthermore, the circumferential arrangement of the drill bit blades 21 ensures that the compressive force on each drill bit blade 21 is the same when the PDC drill bit is working, which greatly improves the service life of the drill bit blades 21.

[0032] The shape of the drill bit blade 21 can be an arc-shaped structure, and it is consistent with the rotation direction of the PDC drill bit. With the help of the arc-shaped drill bit blade 21, when drilling, the soil accumulated near the drill bit blade 21 can be better carried away by the rotation of the drill bit blade 21, preventing the PDC drill bit from getting stuck and unable to work due to excessive soil.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4As a specific embodiment of the PDC drill bit provided by the present invention, multiple cutting teeth 3 are fixedly installed on the orientation part 22 above the drill bit body 2, and are located above the orientation part 22. The multiple orientation parts 22 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the drill bit body 2. When the PDC drill bit is working, the orientation part 22 first contacts the rock and soil layer. When the PDC drill bit rotates, it drives the orientation part 22 to rotate. At the same time, the cutting teeth 3 cut the rock and soil layer, drawing a circular pattern on the rock and soil layer, and using this to determine whether the drilling position is accurate. When the PDC drill bit penetrates into the rock and soil layer, the orientation part 22 itself is used to perform circumferential cutting on the rock and soil layer in advance, making the subsequent cutting of the drill bit blade 21 more stable, and less likely to cause inaccurate drilling position or PDC drill bit tilting, resulting in drilling deviation. The cutting teeth 3 enable the orientation part 22 to perform cutting work better, and the cutting speed of the rock and soil layer is faster, which greatly saves time.

[0034] The orientation section 22 has a tapered structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. The larger diameter end of the orientation section 22 is fixedly connected to the drill bit body 2, and the smaller diameter end is fixedly connected to the cutting teeth 3. By using the larger diameter end to connect with the drill bit body 2, the contact surface between the two is larger, and the connection is more stable and reliable. When the PDC drill bit is working, it can withstand greater extrusion pressure and is less prone to damage. The smaller diameter end is connected to the cutting teeth 3. Since the cutting teeth 3 are small, the smaller diameter end can also fully contact the cutting teeth 3, making the connection between the drill bit body 2 and the cutting teeth 3 and the orientation section 22 more suitable for working deep into the soil and rock layers. Furthermore, the tapered structure of the orientation section 22 makes it easier to penetrate into the soil and rock layers using the smaller diameter end.

[0035] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one specific embodiment of the PDC drill bit provided by the present invention, the central axes of the conical breaker head 4, the drill bit body 2, and the connecting rod 1 are collinear, and multiple directional parts 22 are arranged around the conical breaker head 4. With all three collinear, when the PDC drill bit rotates, the drill bit blades 21 are more stable and robust during cutting, preventing drilling deviations and ensuring the cutting efficiency of the PDC drill bit. The connecting rod 1, drill bit blades 21, and conical breaker head 4 are all integrally formed with the drill bit body 2, making the overall structure of the PDC drill bit more compact. All connections are stable and reliable during use, reducing costs. The compact structure also means a smaller size, less burden on the drilling rig, and faster rotation speed, resulting in higher cutting efficiency for the PDC drill bit.

[0036] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2As a specific embodiment of the PDC drill bit provided by the present invention, the connecting rod 1 is provided with a water inlet channel 11, and the drill bit body 2 and the drill bit blade 21 are each provided with multiple water nozzles 23 connected to the water inlet channel 11. The multiple water nozzles 23 on the drill bit body 2 are arranged around the conical breaker head 4; the multiple water nozzles 23 located at the upper end of the drill bit blade 21 are arranged along the length direction of the drill bit blade 21; when the PDC drill bit is working, water is first sprayed into the rock and soil layer by the water nozzles 23 connected to the water inlet channel 11, so that the directional part 22 and the conical breaker head 4 can more easily cut the water-soaked rock and soil layer, making the soil loose, and after penetrating into the rock and soil layer, the water nozzles 23 are used to moisten the cut soil fragments, making them easier to drain and preventing blockage; the drill bit blade 21 is also provided with multiple The water nozzles 23 are arranged along the length of the drill bit blades 21. When the PDC drill bit is working, the cutting teeth 3 installed on the drill bit blades 21 will come into contact with the mud formed by the water nozzles 23. Although the mud is easier to cut, it can easily cause the cutting teeth 3 to be covered by mud, reducing the cutting efficiency or even directly jamming the PDC drill bit and making it unable to work. The water nozzles 23 are arranged in a row along the direction of the cutting teeth 3. When the PDC drill bit is working, the water sprayed from the water nozzles 23 can wash away the mud covering the cutting teeth 3, preventing the cutting efficiency from decreasing or the PDC drill bit from jamming. In addition, the row arrangement of the water nozzles 23 can wash away all the cutting teeth 3 fixedly installed on the drill bit blades 21 without missing any, making the cutting efficiency of the cutting teeth 3 higher.

[0037] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As a specific embodiment of the PDC drill bit provided by the present invention, the directions of multiple cutting teeth 3 are all arranged circumferentially around the central axis of the drill bit body 2, and the rotation direction of cutting is all set counterclockwise. When the PDC drill bit is working, the drill bit body 2 drives the cutting teeth 3 to rotate. The cutting teeth 3 are arranged circumferentially around the central axis of the drill bit body 2. This allows the cutting edge of the cutting teeth 3 to repeatedly cut the rock and soil layer when the cutting teeth 3 are rotating and cutting. Moreover, the rotation direction is consistent with the rotation direction of the drilling machine, which enables each cutting tooth to cut the rock and soil layer at the same position multiple times. This makes the cutting efficiency of the PDC drill bit higher.

[0038] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5As a specific embodiment of the PDC drill bit provided by the present invention, the drill bit body 2 and the drill bit blade 21 are also provided with multiple arc-shaped chip removal grooves 24. During the operation of the PDC drill bit, the cut soil will accumulate at the front end of the PDC drill bit, hindering the operation of the PDC drill bit, causing the rotation speed of the PDC drill bit to decrease, thereby reducing the cutting efficiency, and even causing the PDC drill bit to jam. The chip removal grooves 24 are provided so that the soil cut off by the drill bit during operation can be discharged with the chip removal grooves 24, preventing the drill bit body 2 from jamming. The chip removal grooves 24 are arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped chip removal grooves 24 are more in line with the rotation mode of the PDC drill bit, so that the soil can be discharged more conveniently when the drill bit body 2 rotates.

[0039] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As a specific embodiment of the PDC drill bit provided by the present invention, multiple arc-shaped chip removal grooves 24 are respectively located on the side of the drill bit body 2 and in the middle of two adjacent drill bit blades 21. When the PDC drill bit is working, the multiple arc-shaped chip removal grooves 24 located on the side of the drill bit body 2 can rotate to transfer soil into the chip removal grooves 24, and then use the rotational force to discharge the soil in the chip removal grooves 24. The multiple arc-shaped chip removal grooves 24 are located on the side of the drill bit blades 21 perpendicular to the water nozzle 23. When the drill bit blades 21 rotate, the chip removal grooves 24 located on the drill bit blades 21 can rotate to transfer soil into the chip removal grooves 24, and use the rotational force to move it little by little to the chip removal grooves 24 located on the side of the drill bit body 2. In this way, chip removal is more thorough and the cutting efficiency of the PDC drill bit is higher.

[0040] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As a specific embodiment of the PDC drill bit provided by the present invention, the conical breaker head 4 is located in the middle of the drill bit body 2, and its height is the same as that of the directional part 22. When the PDC drill bit is working, the conical breaker head 4 and the directional part 22, located in the middle of the drill bit body 2, are the first to contact the rock and soil layer. The breaker teeth 41 on the head of the conical breaker head 4 rotate and squeeze the rock and soil layer, crushing it, making it easier for the directional part 22 to penetrate into the rock and soil layer. At the same time, the directional part 22 guides and cuts the rock and soil layer more quickly. When the directional part 22 and the conical breaker head 4 are at the same height, they rotate and enter the rock and soil layer at the same time. On the one hand, the breaker teeth 41 on the conical breaker head 4 squeeze and crush the rock and soil layer, making the rock and soil layer near it soft. On the other hand, the directional part 22 located around the conical breaker head 4 penetrates into the rock and soil layer more quickly, and the cutting efficiency of the PDC drill bit is improved.

[0041] The cutting teeth 3 are located on the upper end face and side face of the drill bit blade 21. When the PDC drill bit is working, the cutting teeth 3 on the upper end face of the drill bit blade 21 are used to cut the rock and soil layer, and the cutting teeth 3 on the side face are used to cut into the side face of the hole formed by the rock and soil layer. Through the cutting teeth 3 on the upper end face and side face, drilling can be performed quickly, and with the help of the water sprayed from the nozzle 23, the PDC drill bit can work more efficiently.

[0042] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high performance PDC bit characterized by, The utility model relates to a drill head, including: Connecting rod, lower end is equipped with thread, is used for connecting on drilling machine; Drill head body, fixed mounting is equipped on the upper end of connecting rod, the drill head body is equipped with a plurality of circumferential arrangement's drill bit wing, the end face of the drill head body is equipped with a plurality of orientation department for positioning and guiding away from connecting rod, and a plurality of orientation department is annular arrangement, and the upper end of orientation department is higher than the upper end of drill bit wing; Cutting tooth, a plurality of, is used for extruding and shearing rock soil layer, a plurality of cutting tooth is fixedly installed on drill bit wing and orientation department respectively; Conical broken head, fixed mounting is equipped on the upper end of drill head body, and height is same with orientation department height, and the conical broken head is equipped with a plurality of broken teeth, and the broken teeth are used for extruding and crushing rock soil layer; A plurality of orientation department is evenly arranged along the circumference of drill head body, and the orientation department is the conical structure of small upper and big lower; The central axis of conical broken head, drill head body and connecting rod is collinear, and a plurality of orientation department is arranged around conical broken head; Connecting rod is equipped with water inlet channel, and drill head body and drill bit wing are all equipped with a plurality of water jet ports being linked with water inlet channel, and a plurality of water jet ports on drill head body is arranged around conical broken head, and a plurality of water jet ports on the upper end of drill bit wing is arranged along the length direction of drill bit wing; The direction of a plurality of cutting tooth is circumferentially arranged around the central axis of drill head body, and the rotating direction of cutting is all set as counterclockwise.

2. A high performance PDC drill bit as defined in claim 1 wherein, A plurality of drill bit wings are evenly arranged.

3. A high performance PDC drill bit as defined in claim 1 wherein, Drill head body and drill bit wing are also equipped with a plurality of arc-shaped chip removal grooves.

4. A high performance PDC drill bit as defined in claim 3 wherein, A plurality of arc-shaped chip removal grooves are respectively located on the side of drill head body and are located between adjacent two drill bit wings, and a plurality of arc-shaped chip removal grooves are located on the side of drill bit wing perpendicular to water jet port.

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