A dam hazard removal and reinforcement structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present application discloses a dam hazard removal and reinforcement structure and a construction method thereof, relating to the field of dam flood control, comprising a plurality of fixed plates arranged on the riverbank for raising the interception water level, the fixed plates being arranged in sequence along the direction of the river channel; support plates arranged on the riverbank for supporting the corresponding fixed plates, the support plates being located on the side of the fixed plates facing away from the river channel; a fixing assembly being provided between the fixed plates and the corresponding support plates for interconnecting them; a plurality of water inlet holes being provided on the fixed plates for allowing sediment in the flood to enter the space between the fixed plates and the support plates; and a water collection trough being provided on the riverbank for discharging the floodwater between the fixed plates and the support plates, the water collection trough being located between the fixed plates and the support plates. When a flood comes, the present application can reinforce the riverbank and reduce the possibility of flood backflow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of dam flood control, and in particular to a dam hazard removal and reinforcement structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Levee is a general term for dikes and dams, and also refers to buildings and structures that prevent and control water.

[0003] In related technologies, when floods come, many river embankments are not high enough and the water level is higher than the river embankments, which will cause floods to flow back. The common practice is to increase the height of the river embankments and strengthen the river embankments' flood resistance by stacking sandbags. However, due to the heavy sandbags, it is very difficult for workers to transport the sandbags. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Before a flood arrives, in order to improve the ability of a riverbank to resist floods, the present application provides a dam hazard removal and reinforcement structure and a construction method thereof.

[0005] The present application provides a dam hazard removal and reinforcement structure and a construction method thereof using the following technical solutions:

[0006] A dam hazard removal and reinforcement structure comprises a plurality of fixed plates arranged on the river bank for raising the interception water level, the fixed plates being arranged in sequence along the direction of the river channel; support plates arranged on the river bank for supporting corresponding fixed plates, the support plates being located on the side of the fixed plates facing away from the river channel; fixing components are provided between the fixed plates and the corresponding support plates for interconnecting them; a plurality of water inlet holes are provided on the fixed plates for allowing sediment in flood water to enter between the fixed plates and the support plates; a water collecting trough is provided on the river bank for discharging flood water between the fixed plates and the support plates, the water collecting trough being located between the fixed plates and the support plates.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, flood water enters between the fixed plate and the support plate through the water inlet hole. Since a large amount of sediment is carried with the flood water, the sediment accumulates in the gap between the support plate and the fixed plate. The increase of sediment, on the one hand, further reinforces the fixed plate and the support plate, and increases the resistance of the support plate and the fixed plate to the impact of the flood. On the other hand, the flood water will flow along the sump, and the sediment will begin to settle from the sump and fill between the fixed plate and the support plate, so that the accumulated sediment has a convex part at the lower end, making the connection between the sediment and the river bank more firmly. Then, the fixed plate and the support plate are slowly formed into a flood-resistant effect similar to an "earth wall", reducing the possibility of flood backflow. The staff only need to set up the fixed plate and the support plate, and use the sediment carried by the flood to create a structure for storing sediment. There is no need to increase the height of the river bank by manually carrying sandbags, which improves the convenience of the reinforcement method.

[0008] Optionally, an outflow slit is provided on the fixing plate to allow flood water between the fixing plate and the supporting plate to flow out, and the outflow slit is higher than the plurality of water inlet holes.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, since the silt continues to accumulate between the fixed plate and the support plate, it will also accumulate in the water collection tank and block the water inlet hole. Therefore, an outflow gap is opened to facilitate the outflow of flood water between the fixed plate and the support plate in the later stage, so that the silt can be filled between the fixed plate and the support plate as much as possible.

[0010] Optionally, a movable groove for storing the fixed plate and a placement groove for storing the support plate are provided on the river bank. The placement groove is connected to the movable groove and the water collecting groove and is located above the movable groove and the water collecting groove; the support plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the placement groove.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, in the absence of flooding, the fixed plate can be placed in the movable groove and the support plate can be placed in the placement groove to achieve the storage effect; when needed, the staff only needs to take it out from the movable groove and the placement groove without the need for transportation, which reduces the difficulty of assembly and saves time; and will not cause unsightly problems during normal times.

[0012] Optionally, a motion component is provided between the fixed plate and the inner wall of the movable groove for enabling the fixed plate to slide in the movable groove; the motion component includes a mounting plate fixed on the inner wall of the movable groove and located between adjacent fixed plates, a guide rod fixed on the fixed plate facing the side wall of the mounting plate, and the guide rods on both sides are coaxially arranged; a guide groove is provided on the mounting plate for guiding the guide rod, and the guide rod is located in the guide groove; the guide groove extends vertically toward the notch of the movable groove to enable the fixed plate to be removed from the movable groove.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the movement of the fixed plate is achieved by the guide rod on the fixed plate moving in the guide groove on the mounting plate. The guide groove limits the movement direction of the guide rod, so that the fixed plate can be taken out of the movable groove and then connected to the support plate, thereby achieving the effect of facilitating the removal of the fixed plate.

[0014] Optionally, the motion component includes a limiting bar fixed on the mounting plate and located above the corresponding guide groove; the limiting bar includes a semi-ring bar for surrounding the guide rod and in a semi-ring shape, and the opening of the semi-ring bar faces the guide groove; the motion component also includes a rotating semi-ring arranged on the limiting bar and rotating around the axis of the semi-ring bar, the rotating semi-ring can close the opening of the semi-ring bar to limit the falling of the guide rod, and the rotating semi-ring is connected to the limiting bar.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the fixed plate moved out of the movable groove is prevented from slipping by the limiting bar and the rotating half ring; the fixed plate slides along the guide groove, and the guide rod enters the semi-ring strip of the limiting bar, and the staff rotates the rotating half ring to make the rotating half ring close the opening of the semi-ring strip, and the guide rod is located between the rotating half ring and the semi-ring strip, so as to prevent the guide rod from slipping, and fix the rotating half ring to the limiting bar, so that the guide rod can only rotate around its own rotation axis between the limiting bar and the rotating half ring. After the fixed plate is taken out, the fixed plate can be set at an angle and overlapped with the support plate.

[0016] Optionally, several slots are provided at the place where the support plate contacts the fixed plate and at the place where the fixed plate contacts the support plate, and the slots on the support plate and the slots on the fixed plate are staggered; the fixing assembly includes a connecting rod that passes through the support plate and the several slots on the fixed plate, and a connecting nut that is threadedly connected to the connecting rod and is located on both sides of the support plate.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection between the fixed plate and the support plate is achieved through the connecting rod, so that the fixed plate and the support plate form a stable triangular structure, and due to the interlaced connection between the fixed plate and the support plate, the connection between the fixed plate and the support plate is more secure.

[0018] Optionally, the sump notch is provided with a filter plate for retaining sediment between the fixed plate and the support plate.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the flow rate of the flood is very fast, which may carry away the silt accumulated between the fixed plate and the support plate. Therefore, a water collection trough is set up to quickly discharge the flood through the filter plate of the water collection trough, and the silt is left between the fixed plate, the support plate and the filter plate; the water collection trough is transformed from the original silt collection to drainage, so that in the initial situation, silt can be quickly accumulated. When the silt blocks the filter plate, it means that there is silt accumulation on the filter plate, and the subsequent flood mainly overflows from the water inlet and outflow seam.

[0020] Optionally, the support plate is provided with a plurality of first water collection holes, and the first water collection holes correspond to the holes on the filter plate; a water collection plate is slidingly provided on the support plate for closing the first water collection holes, and a second water collection hole is provided on the water collection plate that is staggered with the first water collection hole, and the sliding direction of the water collection plate can make the first water collection hole and the second water collection hole connected.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the water collection trough and the water collection plate are used in combination; on normal rainy days, the support plate is set horizontally, and by moving the water collection plate, the second water collection hole and the first water collection hole are made to correspond, and rainwater passes through the first water collection hole and then through the filter plate into the water collection trough to achieve drainage; and when the support plate supports the fixed plate, the first water collection hole and the second water collection hole are staggered to prevent flood water from entering the river embankment through the support plate.

[0022] Optionally, the fixed plate is rotatably connected to two anti-blocking plates for reducing silt from entering the movable groove, and the rotating axes of the anti-blocking plates are parallel to the rotating axis of the guide rod; the anti-blocking plates are located on both sides of the guide rod and can cover the top of the movable groove.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, after the fixed plate moves out of the movable groove, the staff can rotate the anti-blocking plate so that the anti-blocking plate abuts against the top of the movable groove, reducing the possibility of silt entering the movable groove, and then reducing the possibility of the fixed plate being unable to be retracted.

[0024] A construction method for dam hazard removal and reinforcement, comprising the following steps: S1: excavating a water collection trough on the river bank, the water collection trough extending in the direction of the river channel and being arranged vertically; pouring a cement layer on the inner wall of the water collection trough; S2: excavating a movable trough on the river bank, the movable trough extending in the direction of the river channel and being arranged vertically, and excavating a placement trough, pouring a cement layer on the inner walls of the movable trough and the placement trough; S3: fixing a mounting plate in the movable trough, and connecting the fixing plate to the mounting plate; S4: rotatably connecting a support plate to the inner wall of the placement trough; and covering the filter plate and the movable trough at the same time.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the staff first excavates a water collection trough on the river bank and pours a cement layer on the inner wall of the water collection trough; then excavates a movable trough and a placement trough and pours cement; installs a fixed plate in the movable trough and a support plate in the placement trough. Through the connection of the support plate and the fixed plate, a shield is formed to reinforce the river bank and reduce the possibility of flood backflow; in normal times, the support plate is covered on the movable trough to reduce the possibility of impurities entering the movable trough.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0027] 1. The fixed plate can be moved out of the movable groove, and the support plate is rotatably connected to the placement groove, so that the support plate can support the fixed plate to achieve preliminary resistance to floods; the flood flows into the water inlet hole of the fixed plate, so that as much silt as possible stays between the fixed plate and the support plate, and begins to accumulate from the water collection tank. Through the reinforcement of silt, the river bank improves the flood resistance effect and reduces the workload of workers in carrying.

[0028] 2. The sump can be used for normal drainage on rainy days. During floods, the sump can be used for rapid drainage, causing silt to accumulate quickly between the support plate and the fixed plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1 of the present application.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a side view of embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed plate connected to the support plate.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the moving components and fixed components.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting rod connected to the support plate and the fixed plate.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 2 of the present application.

[0035] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the water collecting plate connected to the support plate.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 1. Water collecting trough; 2. Moving trough; 3. Fixed plate; 4. Support plate; 5. Water inlet; 6. Filter plate; 7. Outflow gap; 8. Moving component; 9. Mounting plate; 10. Guide rod; 11. Guide groove; 12. Fixed component; 13. Limiting strip; 14. Rotating half ring; 15. Slot; 16. Insert; 17. Connecting rod; 18. Connecting nut; 19. First water collecting hole; 20. Water collecting plate; 21. Second water collecting hole; 22. Anti-blocking plate; 23. Half ring strip; 24. Placement groove; 25. Fixed strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following is combined with Figure 1-7 This application is described in further detail.

[0039] The embodiments of the present application disclose a dam hazard removal and reinforcement structure and a construction method thereof.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] Reference Figure 1 and 2 A water collecting trough 1 is excavated on the river embankment. The water collecting trough 1 extends along the direction of the river embankment and is arranged vertically. A cement layer is poured on the inner wall of the water collecting trough 1, and the water collecting trough 1 can be used for drainage on rainy days; a mobile trough 2 is excavated on the river embankment and is located on the side of the water collecting trough 1 close to the river bank. The mobile trough 2 extends downward in a vertical direction, and the mobile trough 2 also extends along the direction of the river embankment; a cement layer is also poured on the inner wall of the mobile trough 2; a placement trough 24 is excavated on the river embankment and is located above the water collecting trough 1 and the mobile trough 2. The placement trough 24 connects the water collecting trough 1 and the mobile trough 2, and a cement layer is also poured on the inner wall of the placement trough 24.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and 2, a number of fixed plates 3 are provided in the movable trough 2 for reducing flood backflow, and the fixed plates 3 are arranged in sequence along the direction of the movable trough 2, and the fixed plates 3 can be located in the movable trough 2 for storage; the placement groove 24 is rotatably connected to a number of support plates 4 toward the inner side wall of the river channel, and the support plate 4 is located on the side of the fixed plate 3 away from the river channel. When the support plate 4 is horizontally arranged, it is located in the placement groove 24; a number of support plates 4 are arranged along the direction of the water collecting trough 1 and abut against each other, and the support plates 4 and the fixed plates 3 correspond one to one; when the support plates 4 are vertically arranged, the fixed plates 3 are inclined and the upper end of the fixed plate 3 is connected to the upper end of the support plate 4.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 and 3 , a number of water inlet holes 5 are opened on the fixed plate 3; since there is a large amount of silt in the flood, when the flood passes through the several water inlet holes 5 of the fixed plate 3, the flood will cause the silt to enter between the support plate 4 and the fixed plate 3 and begin to accumulate from the sump, and the sump 1 can allow the flood to enter between the support plate 4 and the fixed plate 3, and then flow away, and accumulate the silt; due to the existence of the sump 1, the accumulated silt has a convex part at the lower end, which makes the connection between the silt and the riverbank more firmly; when the silt is filled between the support plate 4 and the fixed plate 3, the supporting strength of the fixed plate 3 and the support plate 4 can be improved.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 and 3 When encountering severe weather, the support plate 4 is rotated to move the fixed plate 3 out of the movable groove 2. When the fixed plate 3 raises the height of the river bank, the support plate 4 supports the fixed plate 3, and a fixing assembly 12 is provided on the fixed plate 3 for fixing the fixed plate 3 and the support plate 4, so that the fixed plate 3 and the support plate 4 are fixed to each other, and the accumulation of silt ultimately achieves the effect of resisting floods, and improves the effect of removing dangers and reinforcing.

[0045] 2 and 3 , when the fixed plate 3 is located in the movable groove 2 , the support plate 4 can be rotated to cover the notch of the movable groove 2 , thereby reducing the entry of impurities into the movable groove 2 during normal times.

[0046] Reference Figure 3 The fixed plate 3 is also provided with an outflow slit 7 for drainage. Since the silt accumulated between the support plate 4 and the fixed plate 3 will eventually block the water inlet hole 5, the outflow slit 7 is required to discharge the final flood. The outflow slit 7 is located above several water inlet holes 5, so that the silt accumulation is filled as much as possible between the fixed plate 3, the support plate 4 and the filter plate 6, thereby strengthening the strength of the fixed plate 3 and the support plate 4.

[0047] Reference Figure 3 and 4, a motion component 8 is provided on the inner wall of the movable groove 2 to realize the movement of the fixed plate 3 in the movable groove 2; the motion component 8 includes several mounting plates 9 fixed on the inner wall of the movable groove 2, and the mounting plates 9 can be fixed by casting, and the mounting plates 9 are arranged vertically, so that the several mounting plates 9 divide the movable groove 2 into several chambers, and the fixed plates 3 are respectively located in the corresponding chambers; the side walls of the mounting plates 9 are provided with guide grooves 11, which extend in the vertical direction and pass upward through the upper surface of the mounting plates 9; the motion component 8 also includes a guide rod 10 welded to the side wall of the fixed plate 3 facing the mounting plate 9, and the guide rod 10 is located in the guide groove 11 and slides to realize the movement of the fixed plate 3; the fixed plate 3 can be taken out of the movable groove 2 through the guide groove 11, and the fixed plate 3 is easy to install and store.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 、 3 and 4. The motion component 8 includes a limiting strip 13 provided on the upper surface of the mounting plate 9, the limiting strip 13 includes two sections of fixed strips 25 and a semi-ring strip 23 connected to the fixed strips 25 at both ends; the fixed strip 25 is welded to the upper surface of the mounting plate 9, the semi-ring strip 23 protrudes upward and the opening faces downward, and the opening of the semi-ring strip 23 is located directly above the guide groove 11; the guide rod 10 will move along the guide groove 11 into the semi-ring strip 23, so that the semi-ring strip 23 is half-wrapped in the guide rod 10; the motion component 8 also includes a rotating semi-ring 14 slidingly provided on the limiting strip 13, the rotating semi-ring 14 can rotate around the axis of the semi-ring strip 23 to close the opening of the semi-ring strip 23, thereby preventing the fixed plate 3 from slipping into the moving groove 2, while ensuring the rotation of the fixed plate 3; the sliding connection between the semi-ring strip 23 and the rotating semi-ring 14 can be achieved by opening a groove on the semi-ring strip 23, welding a protrusion on the rotating semi-ring 14, and the protrusion passing through the groove to achieve rotation in the restricted direction.

[0049] Reference Figure 3 and 54 , when the support plate 4 is vertically arranged, the fixing plate 3 is inclined and abuts against the support plate 4, and the side walls of the fixing plate 3 and the side walls of the supporting plate 4 are both provided with a plurality of slots 15, and the slots 15 are evenly spaced along the length directions of the plurality of support plates 4; and the plurality of slots 15 on the fixing plate 3 and the plurality of slots 15 on the supporting plate 4 are staggered, so that the connection between the fixing plate 3 and the support plate 4 is mutually engaged, and the fixing assembly 12 includes a connecting rod 17 provided on the support plate 4. When the connecting rod 17 passes through the plurality of slots 15 of the support plate 4, the connecting rod 17 passes through the corresponding fixing plate 3, and the axis of the connecting rod 17 and the rotation axis of the support plate 4 are parallel to each other. The connection between the fixing plate 3 and the support plate 4 is achieved by the connecting rod 17, thereby improving the connection strength between the fixing plate 3 and the support plate 4; the connecting rod 17 is threadedly connected to the connecting nut 18 located on both sides of the same support plate 4. Since it is necessary to make the support plate 4 and the adjacent support plate 4 abut each other, a countersunk hole can be provided on the support plate 4 for placing the connecting nut 18.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 、 3 and 4. Two anti-blocking plates 22 are rotatably connected to the fixed plate 3. The anti-blocking plates 22 are located on both sides of the guide rod 10, and the rotation axis of the anti-blocking plates 22 is parallel to the axis of the guide rod 10. The anti-blocking plates 22 are used to reduce the possibility of impurities entering the movable groove 2; the anti-blocking plates 22 are located below the several water inlet holes 5; when the fixed plate 3 is located outside the movable groove 2, the anti-blocking plates 22 are rotated to open, and then the anti-blocking plates 22 are covered above the movable groove 2; in order to make the fixed plate 3 better placed in the movable groove 2, a groove can be opened on the fixed plate 3 so that the anti-blocking plates 22 are located in the groove, so that when the anti-blocking plates 22 are parallel to the fixed plate 3, they will not protrude from the fixed plate 3.

[0051] During construction, first excavate the water collection tank 1 and pour a cement layer; then excavate the movable tank 2 and pour a cement layer; excavate the placement tank 24 and pour a cement layer; install the mounting plate 9, connect the fixed plate 3 to the mounting plate 9, and rotate the support plate 4 to connect it to the placement tank 24; finally, when a flood comes, it is only necessary to move the fixed plate 3 and the support plate 4 to achieve overlap to complete the assembly.

[0052] A construction method for dam hazard removal and reinforcement according to an embodiment of the present application is as follows: before the arrival of a flood, the staff can rotate the support plate 4 to a vertical position, and then move the fixed plate 3 out of the movable groove 2, and fix the guide rod 10 by rotating the semi-ring 14 and the semi-ring bar 23, and then rotate the fixed plate 3 to abut against the support plate 4, and realize the connection between the fixed plate 3 and the support plate 4 through the connecting rod 17. When the flood carries mud and sand through the water inlet hole 5 and enters between the support plate 4 and the fixed plate 3, the strength of the fixed plate 3 is enhanced by the mud and sand, and the support plate 4 and the fixed plate 3 form an "earth wall", thereby improving the density against floods.

[0053] Example 2:

[0054] The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that:

[0055] Reference Figure 6 A number of filter plates 6 are provided on the inner wall of the water collecting tank 1. The filter plates 6 are arranged horizontally and are fixed to the cement layer on the inner wall of the water collecting tank 1 by bolts to achieve detachability. The filter plates 6 are connected to the notches of the water collecting tank 1, and adjacent filter plates 6 abut against each other. When the support plate 4 is arranged horizontally, the filter plates 6 are located below the support plate 4. When the support plate 4 is arranged horizontally, the filter plates 6 can support the support plate 4.

[0056] The flood is quickly discharged through the filter plate 6 of the water collection tank 1, and the silt is left between the fixed plate 3, the support plate 4 and the filter plate 6; the water collection tank 1 is transformed from collecting silt to draining water, so that in the initial situation, silt can be quickly accumulated. When the silt blocks the filter plate 6, it means that silt has accumulated on the filter plate 6, and the flood that comes in afterwards mainly overflows from the water inlet hole 5 and the outflow seam 7.

[0057] Reference Figure 6 and 7 , a first water collection hole 19 is provided on the support plate 4, and the first water collection hole 19 is connected to the mesh of the filter plate 6; when the support plate 4 is set vertically, a water collection plate 20 is slidingly provided on the side of the support plate 4 away from the river channel, and a second water collection hole 21 is provided on the water collection plate 20 which is staggered with the first water collection hole 19. The staff slides the water collection plate 20 to connect the first water collection hole 19 and the second water collection hole 21, so that on normal rainy days, when the support plate 4 is set horizontally, the normal drainage of the water collection tank 1 is achieved. Of course, in the case of floods, the first water collection hole 19 and the second water collection hole 21 are staggered by sliding the water collection plate 20, so that the support plate 4 is airtight, and the water collection plate 20 can be fixed by bolts, reducing the possibility of floods entering the river bank through the support plate 4.

[0058] The embodiment of the present application provides a dam hazard removal and reinforcement construction method as follows: first excavate a water collection trough 1 and pour a cement layer; then excavate a movable trough 2 and pour a cement layer; excavate a placement trough 24 and pour a cement layer; install a filter plate 6 so that the silt accumulates on the filter plate 6, and the installation of the support plate 4 and the fixed plate 3 is the same as in the first embodiment.

[0059] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A dam hazard removal and reinforcement structure, characterized by: The invention comprises a plurality of fixed plates (3) arranged on the river bank and used for raising the interception water level, wherein the fixed plates (3) are arranged in sequence along the direction of the river channel; a support plate (4) arranged on the river bank and used for supporting the corresponding fixed plates (3), wherein the support plate (4) is located on the side of the fixed plate (3) away from the river channel; a fixing assembly (12) is provided between the fixed plate (3) and the corresponding support plate (4) to connect them to each other; a plurality of water inlet holes (5) are provided on the fixed plate (3) to allow mud and sand in flood to enter between the fixed plate (3) and the support plate (4); a water collecting trough (12) is provided on the river bank to discharge the flood between the fixed plate (3) and the support plate (4); ), the water collecting trough (1) is located between the fixed plate (3) and the support plate (4); the fixed plate (3) is provided with an outflow slit (7) for allowing flood water between the fixed plate (3) and the support plate (4) to flow out, and the outflow slit (7) is higher than the plurality of water inlet holes (5); a movable trough (2) for storing the fixed plate (3) is provided on the river bank, and a placement trough (24) for storing the support plate (4) is provided, the placement trough (24) is connected to the movable trough (2) and the water collecting trough (1) and is located above the movable trough (2) and the water collecting trough (1); the support plate (4) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the placement trough (24); the fixed plate (3) and the movable trough ( 2) a motion assembly (8) is provided between the inner walls thereof for enabling the fixed plate (3) to slide in the movable groove (2); the motion assembly (8) comprises a mounting plate (9) fixed on the inner wall of the movable groove (2) and located between adjacent fixed plates (3), a guide rod (10) fixed on the side wall of the fixed plate (3) facing the mounting plate (9), and the guide rods (10) on both sides are coaxially arranged; a guide groove (11) is provided on the mounting plate (9) for enabling the guide rod (10) to be guided, and the guide rod (10) is located in the guide groove (11); the guide groove (11) extends vertically toward the notch of the movable groove (2) to enable the fixed plate (3) to slide from the movable groove (2) to the movable groove (2) The movable assembly (8) comprises a limiting strip (13) fixed on the mounting plate (9) and located above the corresponding guide slot (11); the limiting strip (13) comprises a semi-ring strip (23) for surrounding the guide rod (10) and in a semi-ring shape, the opening of the semi-ring strip (23) facing the guide slot (11); the movable assembly (8) further comprises a rotating semi-ring (14) arranged on the limiting strip (13) and rotating around the axis of the semi-ring strip (23), the rotating semi-ring (14) can close the opening of the semi-ring strip (23) to limit the falling of the guide rod (10), and the rotating semi-ring (14) is connected to the limiting strip (13).

2. The dam hazard removal and reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of slots (15) are provided at the locations where the support plate (4) contacts the fixed plate (3) and at the locations where the fixed plate (3) contacts the support plate (4); the slots (15) on the support plate (4) and the slots (15) on the fixed plate (3) are staggered; the fixing assembly (12) comprises a connecting rod (17) which passes through the support plate (4) and the plurality of slots (15) on the fixed plate (3), and connecting nuts (18) which are threadedly connected to the connecting rod (17) and are located on both sides of the support plate (4).

3. The dam hazard removal and reinforcement structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The notch of the water collecting trough (1) is provided with a filter plate (6) for retaining sediment between the fixing plate (3) and the supporting plate (4).

4. The dam hazard removal and reinforcement structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support plate (4) is provided with a plurality of first water collection holes (19), and the first water collection holes (19) correspond to the holes on the filter plate (6); a water collection plate (20) is slidably provided on the support plate (4) for closing the first water collection holes (19); the water collection plate (20) is provided with second water collection holes (21) that are staggered with the first water collection holes (19); the sliding direction of the water collection plate (20) can make the first water collection holes (19) and the second water collection holes (21) communicate with each other.

5. The dam hazard removal and reinforcement structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed plate (3) is rotatably connected to two anti-blocking plates (22) for reducing the amount of silt entering the movable groove (2); the rotation axes of the anti-blocking plates (22) are parallel to the rotation axis of the guide rod (10); the anti-blocking plates (22) are located on both sides of the guide rod (10) and can cover the upper part of the movable groove (2).

6. A construction method for dam hazard removal and reinforcement, based on the dam hazard removal and reinforcement structure according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: S1: excavating a water collection trough (1) on the river bank, the water collection trough (1) extending along the river channel and being arranged vertically; pouring a cement layer on the inner wall of the water collection trough (1); S2: excavating a movable groove (2) on the river bank, the movable groove (2) extending along the river channel and being arranged vertically, and excavating a placement groove (24), and pouring a cement layer on the inner walls of the movable groove (2) and the placement groove (24); S3: The mounting plate (9) is fixed in the movable groove (2), and the fixing plate (3) is connected to the mounting plate (9); S4: The support plate (4) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the placement groove (24); the support plate (4) covers the top of the filter plate (6) and the top of the movable groove (2) at the same time.

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