A charging backfilling device and method for a mine sidewall collapse blasthole

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for charging and backfilling a mine sidewall collapsed blasthole, comprising a drug guide tube, wherein the outer diameter of the drug guide tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the blasthole, the length of the drug guide tube is greater than the depth of the blasthole, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the blasthole and the outer wall of the drug guide tube; a backfilling mechanism, wherein the backfilling mechanism comprises a plurality of push rods whose length is greater than the depth of the blasthole, and the push rods can be slidably arranged in the gap along the axial direction of the blasthole; and a drill bit, wherein the drill bit is detachably fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drug guide tube. The device does not need to clean the residual rock powder in the blasthole, and can repair the collapsed area of ​​the inner wall of the blasthole at a low cost, and charging is smooth and convenient without clogging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of blasting engineering, in particular to a charge backfilling device and method for a mine side wall collapse blasthole. Background Art

[0002] In areas with complex geological conditions, the integrity of the rock is destroyed after weathering, and it becomes fragmented, with a near-dispersed structure and developed weathering cracks. The side walls of the blastholes in such complex formations are prone to local collapse, forming local irregular collapse cavities (pits), and loose particles fall to the bottom of the hole, which has an adverse effect on the subsequent blasting. First, the fallen rock and soil particles cause the blasthole to be insufficiently deep, requiring hole cleaning operations, but because the loose rock strata will cause the loose rock blocks on the wall to collapse when cleaning the hole under high-pressure wind, resulting in the expansion of the pit, poor hole cleaning effect, and eventually the formation of the foundation; second, the presence of pits on the side walls of the blasthole will lead to excessive charging, energy waste and safety issues.

[0003] During the actual charging operation, the two ends of the finished explosives are very likely to cross or diagonally support each other at the blasthole pit, resulting in excessive charging. Figure 1 As shown, the finished explosive 14 is diagonally supported or straddles the blasthole pit, making it impossible to charge the blasthole 1 according to the designed linear density. During blasting, energy cannot be fully utilized, affecting the blasting effect and even causing an accident. The rock powder and rock and soil particles that fall from the hole wall and other residues 13 left during drilling cause the bottom of the blasthole to be piled up and occupied. How to clean the blasthole without causing rock and soil particles to continue to fall has become a problem.

[0004] To this end, the company organized technical forces to carry out scientific research and solve the above-mentioned problems through innovative special equipment and methods. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a charging backfilling device and method for a mine side wall collapsed blasthole which does not require hole cleaning, is convenient for charging, and can repair and restore the side wall of the blasthole.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution of the present invention is: a charging backfill device for a side wall collapse blasthole for mining, comprising:

[0007] A drug guiding tube, wherein the outer diameter of the drug guiding tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole, the length of the drug guiding tube is greater than the depth of the blast hole, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the blast hole and the outer wall of the drug guiding tube;

[0008] A backfilling mechanism, the backfilling mechanism comprising a plurality of push rods with a length greater than the depth of the blasthole, the push rods being slidable along the axial direction of the blasthole and arranged in the gap;

[0009] A drill bit is detachably fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drug guiding tube.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a hoop connected to the drug guiding tube, the inner diameter of the hoop is larger than the outer diameter of the drug guiding tube, the outer diameter of the hoop is smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole, and the top of the push rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hoop.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer wall of the upper part of the drill bit is flush with the outer wall of the drug guiding tube.

[0012] Furthermore, the top of the drill bit has an extension portion embedded in the drug guiding tube, the extension portion is detachably fixedly connected to the drug guiding tube, and the top surface of the extension portion has an upward protrusion.

[0013] Furthermore, the drill bit is made of cast iron, the outer surface of the protrusion is a spherical surface or a conical surface with a small top and a large bottom. The outer surface of the drill bit has an isolation layer to prevent it from contacting with the finished explosive, and the material of the isolation layer does not chemically react with the finished explosive.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer side wall of the extension portion has a plurality of slide grooves arranged along its circumference, one end of the slide groove has a guide groove extending to the top surface of the extension portion, and the bottom of the inner side wall of the drug guiding tube has a protrusion entering the slide groove along the guide groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer side wall of the drill bit has a spiral guide groove.

[0016] Another technical solution of the present invention is: a method for charging and backfilling a mine sidewall collapse blasthole, which is carried out according to the following steps:

[0017] S1, a drill bit is detachably fixedly connected to the bottom end of a drug guide tube whose length is greater than the depth of the blasthole and whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the blasthole;

[0018] S2, insert one end of the drug guide tube with the drill bit into the blast hole, and then rotate the drug guide tube until the drill bit reaches the bottom of the blast hole;

[0019] S3, loading the prefabricated finished explosive into the drug guide tube until the total height of the finished explosive in the drug guide tube meets the height of the explosive column;

[0020] S4, inserting a plurality of push rods into the gap between the inner wall of the blast hole and the outer wall of the drug guide tube along the axial direction of the blast hole;

[0021] S5, continuously pouring the rock powder produced by drilling the blasthole into the gap; and simultaneously continuously moving the push rod up and down along the axial direction of the blasthole;

[0022] S6. When the rock powder fills the inner wall of the blasthole and the side wall, the push rod is taken out from the blasthole, the drug guide tube and the drill bit are separated, and the drug guide tube is taken out from the blasthole.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S2, before inserting the drug guide tube into the blast hole, an industrial endoscope is used to detect the position, shape and size of the collapse on the side wall below the height of the drug column in the blast hole.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S5, the bottom end of the push rod moves back and forth up and down in the collapsed area of ​​the inner wall of the blasthole until the collapsed area of ​​the inner wall of the blasthole is filled with rock powder, and then the push rod is lifted up so that its bottom end reaches the collapsed area at a higher place.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes a hoop connected to the drug guiding tube, the inner diameter of the hoop is larger than the outer diameter of the drug guiding tube, the outer diameter of the hoop is smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole, and the top of the push rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hoop.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. This device does not need to clean the residue in the blasthole. The residue is composed of rock and soil particles dropped in the blasthole and rock powder remaining during drilling. The residue itself is loose particles or rock powder. When the drill bit rotates downward, the residue in the middle of the blasthole can be squeezed out and diverted to the gap between the blasthole and the drug guide tube, which will not cause the charge space in the blasthole to be occupied.

[0028] 2. Low cost, using the rock powder produced by drilling the blasthole to backfill the collapsed area on the inner wall of the blasthole, which is fast and convenient to ensure the blasting effect.

[0029] 3. The drug guide tube enables the finished product to enter the blast hole smoothly without blocking the blast hole. At the same time, after the inner wall of the blast hole is repaired and repaired, the drug guide tube is pulled out, and the formed drug column in the blast hole will no longer fall or tilt, so that precise loading can be achieved.

[0030] 4. The drill bit is left in the blasthole. The drill bit made of cast iron and the protrusion on its top surface take advantage of the large wave impedance of cast iron. After the explosive is detonated, the stress wave is reflected at the interface of the iron protrusion, which improves the utilization rate of the blasting energy, expands the blasting funnel angle, and thus reduces the foundation.

[0031] 5. The drug guide tube can be reused to reduce the cost of use.

[0032] In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the state in which the charge is blocked when the inner wall of the blasthole partially collapses.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the push rod and the hoop in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drill bit in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the drill bit and the drug guide tube after entering the blast hole in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the state after the gap is filled with rock powder in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the state of completing rock powder backfilling and charging in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1-blast hole, 11-first pit, 12-second pit, 13-residue, 14-finished explosive, 2-guiding tube, 3-hoop, 31-push rod, 4-drill bit, 41-extension part, 42-chute, 43-guide groove, 44-guide groove, 45-protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation mode, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] like Figure 2-4 As shown, a charging and backfilling device for a side wall collapse blasthole for mining includes: a charge guiding pipe 2, a backfilling mechanism and a drill bit 4.

[0044] The drug guiding tube 2 is made of hard material, such as PVC tube; the outer diameter of the drug guiding tube 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole, the length of the drug guiding tube 2 is greater than the depth of the blast hole 1, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the blast hole 1 and the outer wall of the drug guiding tube 2.

[0045] The backfilling mechanism includes a hoop 3 and a plurality of push rods 31 fixedly connected to the bottom end surface of the hoop. During actual production, a PVC pipe is selected, and its top side wall is retained to form the hoop 3. The side wall below the hoop 3 is removed along its axial intervals, leaving a plurality of axial pipe walls to form the push rods 31.

[0046] The hoop 3 is sleeved on the drug guiding tube 2 , the inner diameter of the hoop 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the drug guiding tube 2 , and the outer diameter of the hoop 3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole 1 .

[0047] The gap between adjacent push rods helps the rock powder to fall and increases the space for the rock powder to fall.

[0048] The drill bit 4 is made of cast iron with high wave impedance, and is in the shape of a cone with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part; the outer wall of the upper part of the drill bit 4 is flush with the outer wall of the drug guiding tube 2, and the top of the drill bit 4 has an extension part 41 embedded in the drug guiding tube, and the outer diameter of the extension part 41 is equal to the inner diameter of the drug guiding tube 2; the extension part 41 is detachably fixedly connected to the drug guiding tube 2, and the top surface of the extension part 41 has an upward protrusion 45.

[0049] The raised portion 45 reflects the stress wave in the blast hole 1, thereby improving the utilization rate of the blasting energy, expanding the blasting funnel angle, and thus reducing the foundation.

[0050] The rock and soil particles that fall from the inner wall of the blasthole and the rock powder generated during drilling accumulate at the bottom of the blasthole to form a residue 13. The upper outer wall of the drill bit 4 is flush with the outer wall of the drug guiding tube 2, so that when the drill bit 4 is working, the residue 13 can smoothly slide along the outer wall of the drill bit and the drug guiding tube to the gap between the inner wall of the blasthole and the outer wall of the drug guiding tube without causing blockage.

[0051] The extension part 41 and the inner wall of the drug guiding tube can be connected by a thread. When the threaded connection is disassembled, the two may slip, making it difficult to separate them. Therefore, in this embodiment, a plurality of chute grooves 42 arranged along the circumference of the extension part 41 are provided on the outer wall of the extension part 41. The front end of the chute groove 2 has a guide groove 43 extending to the top surface of the extension part, and the bottom of the inner wall of the drug guiding tube 2 has a protrusion that enters the chute groove 42 along the guide groove 43. In this way, when the protrusion is located at the rear end of the chute groove, the drill bit is engaged in the drug guiding tube and will not fall off. Rotating the drug guiding tube in the direction toward the rear end of the chute groove can make the drill bit rotate with it; rotating the drug guiding tube in the opposite direction can separate the drug guiding tube and the drill bit.

[0052] The outer diameter of the finished explosive 14 is smaller than the inner diameter of the drug guiding tube, and the gap between the finished explosive and the inner diameter of the drug guiding tube ensures that the presence of the protrusion does not affect the removal of the drug guiding tube.

[0053] In order to allow the residue 13 in the blasthole to be better guided into the gap by the drill bit, the outer wall of the drill bit 4 has a spiral guide groove 44.

[0054] The outer surface of the drill bit 4 has an isolation layer to prevent it from contacting with the finished explosive, and the material of the isolation layer does not chemically react with the finished explosive.

[0055] Embodiment 2

[0056] A method for charging and backfilling a mine sidewall collapse blasthole, the method uses the above device and is carried out according to the following steps:

[0057] S1, fix the drill bit 4 to the bottom of the drug guiding tube 2;

[0058] S2. Use an industrial endoscope to detect the position, shape and size of the collapse on the side wall below the height of the charge column in the blasthole 1. In this embodiment, the inner side wall of the blasthole has a first pit 11 and a second pit 12 from bottom to top, wherein the first pit 11 is an ordinary cavity and the second pit 12 is an annular pit;

[0059] S3, insert the end of the drug guide tube 2 with the drill bit into the blast hole, and then rotate the drug guide tube 2 in a fixed direction until the drill bit 4 reaches the bottom of the blast hole 1. Figure 5 As shown, the residue 13 in the blast hole 1 is drilled by the drill bit 4 and directed to the gap between the inner wall of the blast hole and the drug guide tube, so there is no need to clean the blast hole additionally;

[0060] S4, loading the prefabricated finished explosive 14 into the drug guiding tube 2 until the total height of the finished explosive in the drug guiding tube 2 meets the height of the explosive column;

[0061] S4, inserting the push rod 31 into the gap between the inner wall of the blast hole 1 and the outer wall of the drug guide tube along the axial direction of the blast hole;

[0062] S5, continuously pouring the rock powder produced by drilling the blasthole into the gap, such as Figure 6 As shown, according to the position of the first pit 11 detected by the endoscope, the bottom end of the push rod 31 is moved to the area of ​​the first pit 11, and then the hoop 3 is raised and lowered, so that the bottom end of the push rod 31 is repeatedly raised and lowered within the area of ​​the first pit 11, so that the rock powder is fully filled into the first pit 11, until the first pit 11 is filled, or the push rod can no longer be raised and lowered in this area;

[0063] S7. For the gap portion, such as the gap between the first pit 11 and the second pit 12, while pouring rock powder, repeatedly move the push rod 31 along the axial direction of the blasthole in this area until the gap is filled or the push rod 31 can no longer be raised or lowered in this area;

[0064] S8, according to the position of the second pit 12 detected by the endoscope, the bottom end of the push rod 31 is moved to the area of ​​the second pit 12, and then the hoop 3 is raised and lowered, so that the bottom end of the push rod is repeatedly raised and lowered within the second pit area, so that the rock powder is fully filled into the second pit, until the second pit is filled, or the push rod can no longer be raised and lowered in this area;

[0065] S9, when the rock powder fills the inner wall of the blasthole and the side wall collapses, remove the push rod from the blasthole, rotate the drug guide tube in the opposite direction to separate the drug guide tube from the drill bit, and remove the drug guide tube from the blasthole. Figure 7 shown.

[0066] After the gaps and pits are filled and repaired with rock powder, the charge guide tube is taken out and the rock powder will automatically fill the space formed after the charge guide tube is taken out. Therefore, the charge column will not collapse or tilt significantly, thus ensuring the quality of blasting.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A charging backfill device for a sidewall collapse blasthole for a mine, characterized in that: include: A drug guiding tube, wherein the outer diameter of the drug guiding tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole, the length of the drug guiding tube is greater than the depth of the blast hole, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the blast hole and the outer wall of the drug guiding tube; A backfilling mechanism, the backfilling mechanism comprising a plurality of push rods with a length greater than the depth of the blasthole, the push rods being slidable along the axial direction of the blasthole and arranged in the gap; A hoop, the hoop is sleeved on the drug guiding tube, the inner diameter of the hoop is larger than the outer diameter of the drug guiding tube, the outer diameter of the hoop is smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole, and the top of the push rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hoop; A drill bit, the drill bit is detachably fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drug guiding tube; the top of the drill bit has an extension portion embedded in the drug guiding tube, the extension portion is detachably fixedly connected to the drug guiding tube, and the top surface of the extension portion has an upward protrusion; the outer side wall of the extension portion has a plurality of slide grooves arranged along its circumference, one end of the slide groove has a guide groove extending to the top surface of the extension portion, and the bottom of the inner side wall of the drug guiding tube has a protrusion entering the slide groove along the guide groove.

2. The charge backfilling device for a sidewall collapse blasthole for mining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer side wall of the upper portion of the drill head is flush with the outer side wall of the drug guiding tube.

3. The charging backfilling device for the side wall collapse blasthole for mining according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The outer side wall of the drill bit is provided with a spiral guide groove.

4. A method for charging and backfilling a sidewall collapse blasthole for a mine, the method using the charging and backfilling device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Follow these steps: S1, a drill bit is detachably fixedly connected to the bottom end of a drug guide tube whose length is greater than the depth of the blasthole and whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the blasthole; S2, insert one end of the drug guide tube with the drill bit into the blast hole, and then rotate the drug guide tube until the drill bit reaches the bottom of the blast hole; S3, loading the prefabricated finished explosive into the drug guide tube until the total height of the finished explosive in the drug guide tube meets the height of the explosive column; S4, inserting a plurality of push rods into the gap between the inner wall of the blast hole and the outer wall of the drug guide tube along the axial direction of the blast hole; S5, continuously pouring the rock powder produced by drilling the blasthole into the gap; and simultaneously continuously moving the push rod up and down along the axial direction of the blasthole; S6. When the rock powder fills the collapsed area of ​​the inner side wall of the blasthole and the side wall, the push rod is taken out from the blasthole, the drug guide tube and the drill bit are separated, and the drug guide tube is taken out from the blasthole.

5. The method for charging and backfilling a mine sidewall collapse blasthole according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, before inserting the drug guide tube into the blast hole, an industrial endoscope is used to survey and evaluate the location, shape, and size of the hole wall collapse below the height of the drug column in the blast hole.

6. The method for charging and backfilling a mine sidewall collapse blasthole according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S5, the bottom end of the push rod moves back and forth up and down in the collapsed area of ​​the inner wall of the blasthole until the collapsed area of ​​the inner wall of the blasthole is filled with rock powder, and then the push rod is lifted up to make its bottom end reach the collapsed area at a higher place.

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