Self-centering floating press-fit mechanism

Abstract

The self-centering floating press-fitting mechanism described in the present invention realizes the adaptive migration of the press head assembly in the horizontal direction under the premise of simplifying the self-centering mechanism, and automatically resets to the initial position after the press-fitting is completed, thereby achieving the advantages of automatic floating, wear-free, and simple and adjustable centering force during the press head centering process. The self-centering floating press-fitting mechanism includes a press head connecting flange, a quick-change head axially inserted into the inner diameter of the press head connecting flange; the thrust ball bearing and the floating limit sleeve without the rolling plate are axially placed in the inner diameter of the quick-change head respectively, the cantilever pin axially passes through the floating limit sleeve and the thrust ball bearing in sequence, and the bottom of the floating limit sleeve is stacked on the ball of the thrust ball bearing; the press head workpiece positioning fixture is axially fixedly connected to the top of the floating limit sleeve, the positioning guide shaft and the compression spring are sequentially placed in the inner diameter of the press head workpiece positioning fixture, and the top end of the positioning guide shaft extends out of the press head workpiece positioning fixture to support and fit the workpiece for assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a self-centering floating press-fitting mechanism for automatically centering and press-fitting components, and belongs to the field of intelligent manufacturing and automated production. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of intelligent manufacturing technology in China, industrial automation control and integrated equipment are becoming widely used. Existing press-fit mechanisms used in mechanical component assembly typically employ fixed or limited floating press-fit devices. Fixed press-fit devices, due to production variations in the press-fit apertures of different parts, can hinder the insertion of parts if the press head and the aperture are not precisely aligned and concentric. Continued press-fitting can result in resistance to insertion, scratches on the aperture surface, and even damage and breakage of the press head when the pressure is high. Existing floating press-fit mechanisms utilize pneumatic or electric drive components within the floating mechanism, coupled with a design where the press head contact surface is designed with an inclined transition surface to achieve a self-centering floating press-fit method. However, during actual press-fit floating assembly, the inclined transition surface is susceptible to significant wear and tear, requiring disassembly and replacement after a period of use. Consequently, these floating press-fit mechanisms are costly and require the appropriate pneumatic and electric drive components. The overall device is bulky, hindering structural optimization and miniaturization of assembly equipment.

[0003] In view of this, this patent application is hereby filed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The self-centering floating press-fitting mechanism described in the present invention solves the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art without the need for pneumatic or electric self-centering actuators. It realizes the adaptive migration of the press head assembly in the horizontal direction while simplifying the self-centering mechanism, and automatically resets to the initial position after the press-fitting is completed, thereby achieving the advantages of automatic floating, wear-free, and simple and adjustable centering force during the press head centering process, thereby reducing the use cost of the press-fitting device and improving the efficiency of the assembly operation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned design purpose, the self-centering floating press-fitting mechanism includes a press head connecting flange that is axially fixedly connected to the press shaft head flange, and the quick-change head is axially inserted into the inner diameter of the press head connecting flange; the thrust ball bearing and the floating limit sleeve without the rolling plate are respectively axially placed in the inner diameter of the quick-change head, and the cantilever pin passes through the floating limit sleeve and the thrust ball bearing in sequence along the axial direction. The bottom of the cantilever pin is fastened to the quick-change head by a thread to stack the bottom of the floating limit sleeve on the ball of the thrust ball bearing; the quick-change head has a group of several protrusions, and an annular groove is provided along the outer diameter of each protrusion, and the annular grooves of all the protrusions are at the same radius. On a circle, the O-ring is nested in the annular grooves of all the protrusions through its own elasticity; the outer diameter of the floating limit sleeve has a group of several outward-convex cylindrical blocks, and when the floating limit sleeve is axially placed in the inner diameter of the quick-change head, each cylindrical block is located between two adjacent protrusions; the pressure head workpiece positioning fixture is fixedly connected to the top of the floating limit sleeve along the axial direction, and the positioning guide shaft and the compression spring are placed in the inner diameter of the pressure head workpiece positioning fixture in turn; a group of annular limit rings are provided on the outer periphery of the positioning guide shaft, and the annular limit rings are abutted against the inner cavity of the pressure head workpiece positioning fixture, and the top end of the positioning guide shaft extends out of the pressure head workpiece positioning fixture to support and fit the workpiece for assembly.

[0006] Furthermore, through holes are provided in radially corresponding relation between the quick-change head and the pressure head connection flange, and plug pins are respectively inserted into the through holes of the two to fasten the two together.

[0007] Furthermore, a group of steps is formed at the connection between the bottom of the cantilever pin and the quick-change head, and a gasket is provided between the steps and the cantilever pin and the quick-change head.

[0008] Furthermore, a spring pad is provided in the top countersunk hole of the floating limit sleeve, a compression spring is provided on the top of the spring pad, and the positioning guide shaft is sleeved in the compression spring.

[0009] Furthermore, an annular chamfer is provided on the top of the positioning guide shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the positioning guide shaft extends out of the outer cylindrical surface of the press head workpiece positioning fixture and contacts the inner hole of the workpiece, and the end face and inner hole of the workpiece contact the press head workpiece positioning fixture and the positioning guide shaft respectively.

[0011] In summary, the self-centering floating press-fitting mechanism described in this application has the following advantages:

[0012] 1. Compared with the prior art, the present application realizes a floating press-fitting method with automatic centering adjustment, which can adapt to the changes in the matching holes of different assembly parts, thereby significantly improving the qualified rate of press-fitting assembly operations.

[0013] 2. The automatic centering floating device adopted in this application can ensure that the surface of the assembled parts is free of friction and wear, thereby improving the quality of assembly production.

[0014] 3. This application does not require pneumatic or electric actuators, thereby significantly reducing energy consumption, making the overall structure simpler and the cost of use lower.

[0015] 4. The present application realizes an overall disassembly and assembly structure, which enables the replacement of the pressure head assembly without disassembling the inner core component, thereby realizing the advantages of fast and convenient pressure head replacement for the production needs of various types of assembly parts, and helps to improve the overall operating efficiency and maintenance convenience of the pressing mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the following drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of the self-centering floating press-fitting mechanism described in this application;

[0018] Figure 2 Yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the assembled structure is shown;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the quick-change head and the thrust ball bearing;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the floating limit sleeve and the quick-change head;

[0021] Figure 5 Yes Figure 4 An exploded schematic diagram of the structure shown;

[0022] Figure 6 and Figure 7 They are respectively a comparative diagram of the process of the floating limit sleeve automatically floating in the quick-change head; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to further illustrate the technical means adopted by this application to achieve the predetermined design objectives, the following preferred implementation scheme is proposed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] The following description sets forth specific details to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in a variety of other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art will be able to make similar generalizations without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0025] Example 1, as Figures 1 to 7As shown, the present application proposes a novel self-centering floating press-fitting mechanism, which includes a press mounting plate 16 connected to a press 20 via mounting plate screws 17, and a press head connecting flange 1 axially fixedly connected to a press shaft head flange 11 via a press head screw 14;

[0026] The quick-change head 3 is axially inserted into the inner diameter of the pressure head connection flange 1, and radial through holes are correspondingly provided on the two for radial fastening by means of plug-in pins 7; the plug-in pins 7 are used to achieve a fixed connection after the quick-change head 3 is inserted into the inner diameter of the pressure head connection flange 1. When the plug-in pins 7 are removed, the quick-change head 3 itself and the pressure head assembly carried by it can be removed from the pressure head connection flange 1 at the same time, thereby achieving a one-time, quick and convenient replacement of the pressure head assembly. This makes it suitable for and compatible with on-site maintenance and replacement of pressure head assemblies of multiple types and specifications, that is, based on the use of a single press 20, it can meet the press-in assembly production needs of multiple products.

[0027] The thrust ball bearing 8 and the floating limit sleeve 2 without the rolling plate are axially placed in the inner diameter of the quick-change head 3. The cantilever pin 9 axially penetrates the floating limit sleeve 2 and the thrust ball bearing 8 in sequence. The bottom of the cantilever pin 9 is fastened to the quick-change head 3 by a thread so that the bottom of the floating limit sleeve 2 is superimposed on the ball of the thrust ball bearing 8.

[0028] Furthermore, the floating limit sleeve 2 is pressed against the thrust ball bearing 8, and the pressing force should not be too large. If it is too large, the floating limit sleeve 2 will not be able to float freely in the horizontal plane on the thrust ball bearing 8; therefore, a group of steps 90 are formed at the connection between the bottom of the cantilever pin 9 and the quick-change head 3, and a gasket 10 (such as its thickness is 0.02 mm) is padded between the steps 90 and the cantilever pin 9 and the quick-change head 3, so that the pressing force between the floating limit sleeve 2 and the thrust ball bearing 8 can be adjusted by adjusting the processing accuracy of the steps 90 and replacing gaskets 10 of different thicknesses.

[0029] The quick-change head 3 has a group of several protrusions 30, and an annular groove 31 is provided along the outer diameter of each protrusion 30. The annular grooves 31 of all the protrusions 30 are on the same circle with the same radius, and the O-ring 13 is nested in the annular grooves 31 of all the protrusions 30 through its own elasticity; correspondingly, the outer diameter of the floating limit sleeve 2 has a group of several outward-protruding cylindrical blocks 21; when the floating limit sleeve 2 is placed axially in the inner diameter of the quick-change head 3, each cylindrical block 21 is located between two adjacent protrusions 30.

[0030] The O-ring 13 always applies a centered tightening force to the floating limit sleeve 2. The bottom of the floating limit sleeve 2 contacts the ball of the thrust ball bearing 8. When the floating limit sleeve 2 moves to one side in the inner diameter of the quick-change head 3, the O-ring 13 is subjected to the force and elastically stores energy. After the lateral force disappears, the O-ring 13 will pull the floating limit sleeve 2 back until it is back in the center of the inner diameter of the quick-change head 3.

[0031] The indenter workpiece positioning fixture 4 is axially fixedly connected to the top of the floating limit sleeve 2 by the indenter workpiece screw 15. The spring pad 5 is placed in the top countersunk hole of the floating limit sleeve 2. A compression spring 12 is set on the top of the spring pad 5. The positioning guide shaft 6 is sleeved in the compression spring 12.

[0032] The positioning guide shaft 6 and the compression spring 12 are both placed in the inner diameter of the press head workpiece positioning fixture 4. A set of annular limit rings 60 are provided on the outer periphery of the positioning guide shaft 6. The annular limit rings 60 abut against the inner cavity of the press head workpiece positioning fixture 4. The top end of the positioning guide shaft 6 extends out of the press head workpiece positioning fixture 4 to support and fit the workpiece 18 for assembly.

[0033] By means of the elastic pressing force at both ends of the compression spring 12, the positioning guide shaft 6 can be pressed tightly into the press head workpiece positioning fixture 4, and at the same time, the spring pad 5 can be pressed tightly into the top countersunk hole of the floating limit sleeve 2;

[0034] Furthermore, the positioning guide shaft 6 and the press head workpiece positioning fixture 4 are precisely matched with each other in the shaft hole. The positioning guide shaft 6 extends out of the outer cylindrical surface of the press head workpiece positioning fixture 4 and contacts the inner hole of the workpiece 18. The end face and the inner hole of the workpiece 18 are respectively in contact with the press head workpiece positioning fixture 4 and the positioning guide shaft 6 to obtain reliable positioning before press fitting.

[0035] The bottom of the positioning guide shaft 6 is elastically supported by the compression spring 12. When the workpiece 18 is installed in the component and is subjected to axial force, the positioning guide shaft 6 has the ability of axial telescopic elastic adjustment; on the one hand, in the process of the workpiece 18 being pressed into the component positioning hole, the positioning guide shaft 6 carrying the workpiece 18 has a large elastic adaptability and will not damage the workpiece 18 due to the rigid force, thereby achieving better guiding and positioning of the press head workpiece positioning tooling 4 and the workpiece 18; on the other hand, when the workpiece 18 is pressed into the specified depth of the positioning hole, the positioning guide shaft 6 will also be subjected to radial pressure; for this purpose, a cylinder pushing device (not shown in the figure) can be additionally configured to apply an axial opposite pushing force to the positioning guide shaft 6. The cylinder pushing device pushes the positioning guide shaft 6 out of the component positioning of the assembled workpiece 18, and smoothly separates from the workpiece 18 under the joint elastic support of the press head workpiece positioning tooling 4 and the compression spring 12, and will not bring the pressed workpiece 18 out in the reverse direction to ensure the pressing quality.

[0036] Furthermore, in order to improve the automatic centering adjustment capability between the workpiece 18 and the component positioning hole in the horizontal direction, an annular chamfer 61 is provided on the top of the positioning guide shaft 6;

[0037] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, under the action of lateral force, the floating limit sleeve 2 will move horizontally on the balls of the thrust ball bearing 8;

[0038] During the process of pressing the workpiece 18 into the positioning hole of the component, the chamfer 61 of the positioning guide shaft 6 first contacts the edge of the positioning hole. If the workpiece 18 and the positioning hole are not on the same axial center line at this time, the chamfer 61 will be subjected to lateral pressure and move toward the axial center line of the positioning hole. The lateral force is transmitted to the pressure head workpiece positioning tooling 4 and the spring pad 5 in turn through the positioning guide shaft 6. Therefore, the floating limit sleeve 2 can be moved laterally as a whole in the inner diameter of the quick-change head 3, that is, the bottom of the floating limit sleeve 2 slides sideways in the horizontal direction on the ball surface of the thrust ball bearing 8, thereby finally realizing the adaptive floating of the positioning guide shaft 6 and the workpiece 18, and the workpiece 18 can be accurately pressed into the positioning hole along the axial center line.

[0039] During the pressing process, although the floating limit sleeve 2 cannot be in the initial center position due to the size deviation of the positioning hole, the O-ring 13 always applies a tightening force to the floating limit sleeve 2. When the lateral force applied to the positioning guide shaft 6 disappears, that is, the positioning guide shaft 6 is pushed out of the workpiece 18 and disengaged from the positioning hole, the O-ring 13 will pull the floating limit sleeve 2 back until it is back in the inner diameter center of the quick-change head 3, thereby realizing the self-centering design effect described in this application.

[0040] In summary, the embodiments given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings are only preferred solutions. Those skilled in the art can be inspired by this and directly deduce other alternative structures that are consistent with the design concept of the present invention, which should also fall within the scope of the solutions described in the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-centering floating press-fitting mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a press head connecting flange that is axially fixedly connected to the press shaft head flange, and the quick-change head is axially inserted into the inner diameter of the press head connecting flange; The thrust ball bearing and the floating limit sleeve without the rolling plate are axially placed in the inner diameter of the quick-change head respectively. The cantilever pin axially passes through the floating limit sleeve and the thrust ball bearing in sequence. The bottom of the cantilever pin is fastened to the quick-change head by a thread so that the bottom of the floating limit sleeve is superimposed on the ball of the thrust ball bearing. The quick-change head has a set of several protrusions, each of which has an annular groove along its outer diameter. The annular grooves of all the protrusions are located on the same circle with the same radius, and the O-ring is elastically nested in the annular grooves of all the protrusions. The outer diameter of the floating limit sleeve has a set of several outward-protruding cylindrical blocks. When the floating limit sleeve is axially placed in the inner diameter of the quick-change head, each cylindrical block is located between two adjacent protrusions. The press head workpiece positioning fixture is fixedly connected to the top of the floating limit sleeve along the axial direction, and the positioning guide shaft and the compression spring are sequentially placed in the inner diameter of the press head workpiece positioning fixture; A group of annular limiting rings are set on the outer periphery of the positioning guide shaft, and the annular limiting rings abut against the inner cavity of the pressure head workpiece positioning tooling. The top end of the positioning guide shaft extends out of the pressure head workpiece positioning tooling to support and sleeve the workpiece for assembly.

2. The self-centering floating press-fitting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-change head and the pressure head connecting flange are provided with through holes corresponding to each other in the radial direction, and the plug pins are respectively inserted into the through holes of the two to fasten the two together.

3. The self-centering floating press-fitting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A set of steps is formed at the connection between the bottom of the cantilever pin and the quick-change head, and a gasket is provided between the steps and the cantilever pin and the quick-change head.

4. The self-centering floating press-fitting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring pad is arranged in the top countersunk hole of the floating limit sleeve, a compression spring is arranged on the top of the spring pad, and the positioning guide shaft is sleeved in the compression spring.

5. The self-centering floating press-fitting mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: An annular chamfer is provided on the top of the positioning guide shaft.

6. The self-centering floating press-fitting mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positioning guide shaft extends out of the outer cylindrical surface of the press head workpiece positioning fixture and contacts the inner hole of the workpiece. The end face and the inner hole of the workpiece contact the press head workpiece positioning fixture and the positioning guide shaft respectively.

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