A gantry machine tool micro-interference measuring tool and assembly method

Abstract

The application discloses gantry machine tool micro-interference measuring tool and assembling method, belongs to the technical field of gantry machine tool assembling, and micro-interference assembling method is characterized by the following steps: measuring the no-load thrust F' of the main shaft box of the gantry machine tool and the thrust F under the micro-interference loading state by using the micro-interference measuring tool, and measuring the theoretical micro-interference interval L2; calculating the pre-cooling treatment deformation amount AL; calculating the pre-cooling treatment temperature T2; preparing the sliding block gasket, pre-cooling the sliding block gasket, measuring the temperature in time by using the temperature gun, ensuring that the temperature rises to the preset temperature T3, quickly fixing the prepared screw in advance, locking by using the screw, waiting for the room temperature to recover, and then completing the micro-interference assembling.The beneficial effects of the application are that the micro-interference measuring tool is creatively arranged, the micro-interference amount of the adjusting gasket and the theoretical micro-interference interval are determined, the gap installation of the sliding block gasket is ensured, the non-gap locking of the sliding block gasket is ensured, and the micro-interference amount assembling of the sliding block gasket is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of gantry machine tool assembly, and more particularly to a micro-interference assembly method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Users often find that the tool shakes and makes a buzzing sound when machining parts on the GMC series and G series gantry machine tool spindle boxes, which causes the machining marks on the machined workpiece surface to be inconsistent, or water ripples to appear, or fish scale marks to appear, or a section of the workpiece surface to be pitted and uneven, or the machining amplitude to be inconsistent, which causes the workpiece surface roughness and smoothness and the geometric precision to not meet the technical requirements.

[0003] The main reason for the above phenomenon is that the installation process of the core components of the traditional machine tool is old, the overall rigidity after installation is poor, the strength is not enough, the internal mutual tension is not enough, and the core components cannot be well integrated. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve this problem, the present application creatively provides a micro-interference amount installation process for the guide rail slider pad of the gantry machine tool spindle box to improve the overall rigidity of the machine tool, thereby stabilizing the machining precision and surface quality of the machine tool, and effectively solving the problem of tool shaking and buzzing during machining of parts, which causes the machining marks on the machined workpiece surface to be inconsistent.

[0005] The specific technical solution of the present application to solve the above technical problem is: a micro-interference assembly method, characterized by the following steps of micro-interference assembly

[0006] (I) measuring the no-load thrust F' of the gantry machine tool spindle box by using a micro-interference measuring tool;

[0007] uniformly pushing and pulling the gantry machine tool spindle box by using the micro-interference measuring tool, and measuring the no-load thrust F' of the gantry machine tool spindle box;

[0008] (II) measuring the thrust F of the gantry machine tool spindle box in the micro-interference loaded state by using the micro-interference measuring tool, and determining the theoretical micro-interference spacing L2;

[0009] While uniformly pushing and pulling the gantry machine tool spindle box by using the micro-interference measuring tool, the loading pressure of the adjusting pad on the linear rail slider is adjusted by adjusting the bolt, so that the thrust displayed by the micro-interference measuring tool is increased from F' to F, and the theoretical micro-interference spacing L2 is determined according to the thickness of the adjusting pad and the effective adjusting length of the adjusting bolt, i.e. the theoretical micro-interference spacing L2 = the thickness of the adjusting pad + the effective adjusting length of the adjusting bolt;

[0010] (III) calculating the pre-cooling deformation amount AL:

[0011] Theoretical micro-interference distance L2 = adjustment pad base thickness L1 + effective adjustment length of adjustment bolt = adjustment pad base thickness L1 + adjustment pad micro-interference amount ΔL1;

[0012] Wherein, the effective adjustment length of the adjustment bolt is the change amount of the adjustment bolt during the process of increasing the load thrust F' to F;

[0013] Then: the effective adjustment length of the adjustment bolt = the adjustment pad micro-interference amount ΔL1;

[0014] According to the actual needs of installation, at this time: taking the adjustment pad base thickness L1 as the basis, then

[0015] The pre-cooling deformation amount ΔL = the adjustment pad micro-interference amount ΔL1 + the installation gap L3;

[0016] The installation gap L3 is 0.010-0.015mm;

[0017] (Four) According to the linear expansion principle and formula of the workpiece, the pre-cooling temperature T2 is calculated;

[0018] According to the linear expansion formula of the workpiece: Wherein ΔT = (T1-T2), and T1 is the room temperature, and T2 is the pre-cooling temperature; α is the linear expansion coefficient of the adjustment pad material;

[0019] The pre-cooling temperature T2 is obtained:

[0020] (Five) According to the linear expansion principle theory of the adjustment pad, the slider pad is prepared, the actual thickness of the slider pad is L2, the slider pad is pre-cooled, the pre-cooling temperature T2 is handled for a period of time, and then taken out, the slider pad after the pre-cooling treatment is sent to the predetermined position under the condition of heat preservation by using the tongs, the temperature is measured at any time by using the temperature gun, the preset temperature T3 is ensured when the temperature rises, the screw is prepared in advance, and the micro-interference assembly is completed by quickly fixing, locking by using the screw, and waiting for the room temperature to recover.

[0021] Further, the thrust F in the micro-interference loading state is 1.2-1.5 times of the load thrust F' of the main shaft box of the gantry machine tool.

[0022] Further, the micro-interference measuring tooling includes a main shaft box connecting plate, a sliding seat connecting plate, an adjustment screw rod and a torque wrench.

[0023] Further, the main shaft box connecting plate and the sliding seat connecting plate are connected through the adjustment screw rod, one end of the adjustment screw rod is connected with the main shaft box connecting plate through rotation connection, the other end of the adjustment screw rod is connected with the sliding seat connecting plate through threads, and the end of the adjustment screw rod is provided with the torque wrench for driving the adjustment screw rod to rotate.

[0024] Further, the torque wrench drives the adjusting screw rod to rotate to drive the gantry machine tool spindle box to move at a uniform speed.

[0025] Further, the spindle box connecting plate and the slide connecting plate are respectively detachably arranged on the side end face of the spindle box and the side end face of the slide.

[0026] Further, a linear slide block is arranged between the spindle box and the slide of the gantry machine tool, and a slide block gasket or an adjusting gasket is arranged between the linear slide block and the slide.

[0027] Further, the linear slide block, the slide and the adjusting gasket are fixed by bolts.

[0028] Further, the adjusting gasket is in a micro-interference fit with the linear slide block and the slide.

[0029] Further, the preset temperature is:

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0031] The micro-interference measuring tool is creatively arranged, the relationship between the thrust F in the micro-interference loading state and the empty load thrust F' is used to determine the micro-interference state, so as to determine the micro-interference amount of the adjusting gasket and the theoretical micro-interference distance;

[0032] On this basis, in a reverse thinking mode, according to the linear expansion principle theory of the adjusting gasket, the slide block gasket is prepared, the pre-cooling deformation amount ΔL of the sum of the micro-interference amount ΔL1 of the adjusting gasket and the installation gap L3 is cold-shrunk after cold treatment, and then installed, and when the installation gap L3 of the slide block gasket is restored, the screw is fixed and locked, and then the room temperature is waited to complete the micro-interference assembly; both the gap installation of the slide block gasket and the gap-free locking of the slide block gasket are ensured, and the micro-interference amount assembly of the slide block gasket is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0034] FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the micro-interference measuring tool of the present application; Figure 2

[0035] is a structural schematic diagram of the present application in the implementation state; Figure 3

[0036] is a structural schematic diagram of the present application in the implementation state; and Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application in the implementation state; and

[0037] ​​1. slide, 2. headstock, 3. headstock connecting plate, 4. adjusting screw, 5. slide connecting plate, 6. nut, 7. spacer, 8. torque wrench, 9. linear slider, 10. adjusting spacer, 11. adjusting bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In the description of the present application, specific details are merely to enable a full understanding of the embodiments of the present application, but as those skilled in the art should know that the implementation of the present application is not limited to these details. In addition, well-known structures and functions are not described or shown in detail to avoid obscuring the essential points of the embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in specific circumstances.

[0039] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to better understand the present application, specific examples are described, it is worth emphasizing that the effect of the embodiment and various embodiments within the scope of the present application, including the respective reagents and the content of the reagent ratio, there is no substantial difference, can achieve the effect described in the present application and solve the above problems, other combinations are not listed here;

[0041] Taking the G4028L gantry machine tool headstock as an example, the micro-interference assembly method, the micro-interference assembly steps include:

[0042] (1) Measure the thrust F' of the gantry machine tool headstock 2 under no load by using the micro-interference measuring tool;

[0043] Measure the thrust F' of the gantry machine tool headstock 2 under no load by using the micro-interference measuring tool;

[0044] Specifically, the uniform speed torque wrench 8 is pulled to make the adjusting screw 4 reciprocating uniform speed circular motion, because of the adjusting screw 4, one end of the adjusting screw 4 is connected with the headstock connecting plate 3 through rotation connection, the other end of the adjusting screw 4 is connected with the slide connecting plate 5 through thread, so that the adjusting screw 4 can reciprocate along the axial direction, and then the gantry machine tool headstock 2 is pushed and pulled at uniform speed, so that the reading on the torque wrench 8 can be determined to determine the thrust F' of the gantry machine tool headstock 2 under no load; The gravity generated by an object of 1 kg is about 10 Nm according to the conversion formula 1, and the torque wrench shows that the result is 40 Nm to push the square slide, that is, the unloaded moving thrust F' = 4 kg.

[0045] (2) Measure the thrust F of the gantry machine tool headstock 2 under the micro-interference loading state by using the micro-interference measuring tool, and measure the theoretical deformation L2;

[0046] While the micro-interference measuring tool is pushing and pulling the main shaft box 2 of the gantry machine at a constant speed, the loading pressure of the adjusting gasket 10 on the linear rail slider is adjusted until the no-load thrust F' increases and the thrust displayed by the micro-interference measuring tool increases from F' to F, and the principle is the same as step (1),

[0047] Because the F value is obtained according to the guide rail bearing safety factor. Generally, it is 1.0-3.0 during general movement. Since the ram is assembled horizontally during the installation of the main shaft box of the machine tool, the size of the guide rail is not round, and the loading size and thrust value can be determined by multiplying the static load thrust F' by the safety factor 1.2-1.5 times, that is, the thrust F in the micro-interference loading state is 1.2-1.5 times the no-load thrust F' of the gantry machine main shaft box 2,

[0048] And the theoretical deformation amount L2 is determined according to the thickness of the adjusting gasket 10 and the effective adjusting length of the adjusting bolt, that is, the theoretical deformation amount L2 = the thickness of the adjusting gasket + the effective adjusting length of the adjusting bolt;

[0049] Among them, the effective adjusting length of the adjusting bolt is the change amount of the adjusting bolt during the process of increasing the no-load thrust F' to F;

[0050] (Three) Calculate the pre-cooling deformation amount ΔL:

[0051] The theoretical micro-interference spacing L2 = the basic thickness L1 of the adjusting gasket + the effective adjusting length of the adjusting bolt = the basic thickness L1 of the adjusting gasket + the micro-interference amount ΔL of the adjusting gasket = 20.012 mm;

[0052] Among them: the basic thickness L1 of the adjusting gasket = 20 mm; the effective adjusting length of the adjusting bolt = 0.012 mm;

[0053] Then: the effective adjusting length of the adjusting bolt = the micro-interference amount ΔL1 of the adjusting gasket = 0.012 mm;

[0054] The theoretical micro-interference spacing L2 = the actual thickness of the slider gasket = the basic thickness L1 of the adjusting gasket + the micro-interference amount ΔL1 of the adjusting gasket = 20.012 mm;

[0055] Because the slider gasket and the adjusting gasket are made of the same material, the micro-interference amount ΔL1 of the adjusting gasket = the micro-interference amount of the slider gasket;

[0056] Generally, when installing the gasket, it needs to have an installation gap. According to actual experience, the installation gap L3 of the gasket is 0.010-0.015 mm. Here, preferably L3 = 0.012 mm;

[0057] Then the theoretical micro-interference spacing L2 = the actual thickness of the slider gasket = the micro-interference amount of the slider gasket + the installation gap L3 + the cooling thickness of the slider gasket = 20.012 mm;

[0058] The deformation amount AL of the slider gasket pre-cooling treatment = the micro-interference amount AL1 of the adjusting gasket + the installation gap L3 = 0.024 mm.

[0059] (Four) The pre-cooling treatment temperature T2 is calculated according to the linear expansion principle and formula of the workpiece.

[0060] Since the force of the slider gasket on the linear rail slider only has a linear relationship, it is suitable for the linear expansion principle. According to the linear expansion formula of the workpiece: Where ΔT = (T1-T2), T1 is room temperature 20℃, T2 is the pre-cooling treatment temperature, and a is the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the slider gasket.

[0061] The pre-cooling treatment temperature T2 satisfies: Where a = 12 x 10 -6 ;

[0062] Specifically:

[0063] (Five) According to the linear expansion principle theory of the adjusting gasket, the slider gasket is prepared, and the actual thickness of the slider gasket is L2. The slider gasket is pre-cooled and treated, and the pre-cooling treatment temperature T2 is used. After a period of time, the frozen treated slider gasket is taken out and pushed to the predetermined position under heat preservation conditions. With the gradual recovery of temperature, the temperature is measured at any time with a temperature gun to ensure that the temperature rises to the preset temperature T3. The screw is fixed quickly, the screw is locked, and the room temperature is recovered to complete the micro-interference assembly.

[0064] Specifically: the slider gasket with a thickness of L2 = 20.012 mm is placed in a ultra-low temperature refrigerator at -80℃, and after a period of time, the frozen treated slider gasket is taken out and pushed to the predetermined position under heat preservation conditions. Since there is an installation gap L3 = 0.012 mm in the slider gasket after cold treatment, the slider gasket is conveniently placed. With the gradual recovery of temperature, the temperature is measured at any time with a temperature gun to ensure that the temperature rises to the preset temperature T3. When the temperature rises to 50° to the preset temperature, which is -30℃, the expansion amount is equal to the installation gap L3 = 0.012 mm.

[0065] At this time, the slider gasket returns to the basic thickness of 20 mm, and the screw is fixed quickly. When the temperature of the slider gasket returns to room temperature, the slider gasket realizes micro-interference fit with the linear rail slider, and the micro-interference amount is 0.012 mm. In this way, the installation gap is ensured, and the micro-interference amount is also ensured.

[0066] (Six) The micro-interference effect is verified by using a micro-interference measuring tool, that is, whether the output thrust of the self-made thrust device before and after is consistent, that is, whether the torque value displayed by the torque wrench is the same.

[0067] In summary: the micro interference measurement tool is creatively set, the relationship between the thrust F and the empty load thrust F' under the micro interference loading state is used to determine the micro interference state, so as to determine the micro interference amount and the theoretical micro interference spacing of the sliding block gasket;

[0068] On this basis, in a reverse thinking way, the sliding block gasket with the theoretical micro interference spacing is used to perform cold treatment, the pre-cold treatment deformation amount ΔL of the sum of the micro interference amount ΔL1 of the sliding block gasket and the sliding block gasket installation gap L3 is cold contracted, then installation is performed, and when the sliding block gasket installation gap L3 is recovered ， The screw is fixed and locked, waiting for the room temperature to be recovered, and the micro interference assembly is completed; the gap installation and the micro interference amount assembly are ensured.

Claims

1. A micro-interference fit assembly method, characterized in that, The steps of micro-interference assembly include: (a) Measuring the no-load thrust F' of the spindle box of the gantry milling machine using a micro interference fit measuring fixture; The micro-interference measuring fixture was used to push and pull the spindle box (2) of the gantry milling machine at a constant speed, and the no-load thrust F' of the spindle box (2) of the gantry milling machine was measured. (ii) The thrust F of the spindle box (2) of the gantry milling machine under the micro-interference loading state was measured using a micro-interference measuring fixture, and the theoretical micro-interference distance L2 was determined. While the micro-interference measuring fixture pushes and pulls the spindle box (2) of the gantry machine tool at a constant speed, the loading pressure of the adjusting shim (10) on the linear guide slider is adjusted by adjusting the adjusting bolt, so that the thrust displayed by the micro-interference measuring fixture is increased from F' to F. The theoretical micro-interference distance L2 is determined according to the thickness of the adjusting shim (10) and the effective adjustment length of the adjusting bolt, that is, the theoretical micro-interference distance L2 = the thickness of the adjusting shim + the effective adjustment length of the adjusting bolt; The effective adjustment length of the adjusting bolt is the change in the adjusting bolt during the process of increasing the unloaded thrust F' to F; (III) Calculate the deformation ΔL of the pre-cooling treatment of the slider shim: Theoretical micro-interference gap L2 = base thickness of adjusting shim L1 + effective adjustment length of adjusting bolt = base thickness of adjusting shim L1 + micro-interference amount of adjusting shim ΔL; The effective adjustment length of the adjusting bolt = the slight interference fit of the adjusting shim ΔL1; Theoretical micro-interference gap L2 = Actual thickness of slider shim = Base thickness of adjusting shim L1 + Micro-interference amount of adjusting shim ΔL1; Therefore: the deformation of the slider shim during pre-cooling treatment ΔL = the slight interference fit of the shim ΔL1 + the installation gap L3; (iv) Calculate the pre-cooling temperature T2 based on the principle and formula of linear expansion of the workpiece; According to the linear expansion formula of the workpiece: Where ΔT = (T1 - T2), and T1 is the room temperature, and T2 is the pre-cooling temperature; To adjust the coefficient of linear expansion of the gasket material; Determine the pre-cooling temperature ; (v) Based on the principle of linear expansion of the shim, prepare the slider shim with an actual thickness of L2. Pre-cool the slider shim at a temperature of T2. After a period of time, take it out and use clamps to push the frozen slider shim to the predetermined position under the condition of heat preservation. As the temperature gradually recovers, use a temperature gun to measure the temperature at any time. When the temperature rises to the preset temperature T3, use the prepared screws to quickly fix it and lock it with the screws. Wait for the temperature to return to room temperature to complete the micro interference fit assembly.

2. The micro-interference fitting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thrust F under the micro-interference loading state is 1.2-1.5 times the no-load thrust F' of the spindle box (2) of the gantry machine tool. There is an installation gap when the shim is installed. The installation gap L3 of the shim is 0.010-0.015mm.

3. The micro-interference fit assembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micro interference measuring fixture includes a spindle box connecting plate (3), a slide connecting plate (5), an adjusting screw (4), and a torque wrench (8).

4. The micro-interference fit assembly method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spindle box connecting plate (3) and the slide connecting plate (5) are connected by an adjusting screw (4). One end of the adjusting screw (4) is connected to the spindle box connecting plate (3) by a rotatable connection, and the other end of the adjusting screw (4) is threadedly connected to the slide connecting plate (5). The end of the adjusting screw (4) is provided with a torque wrench (8) to drive the adjusting screw (4) to rotate.

5. The micro-interference fit assembly method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The torque wrench (8) drives the adjusting screw (4) to rotate and push and pull, driving the spindle box (2) of the gantry machine tool to move at a constant speed.

6. The micro-interference fit assembly method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spindle box connecting plate (3) and the slide connecting plate (5) are detachably mounted on the side end face of the spindle box (2) and the side end face of the slide (1), respectively.

7. The micro-interference fit assembly method according to claim 4, characterized in that, A linear slider (9) is provided between the spindle box (2) of the gantry machine tool and the slide (1), and a slider shim or adjusting shim (10) is provided between the linear slider (9) and the slide (1).

8. The micro-interference fitting method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The linear slider (9), slide block (1) and adjusting shim (10) are fixed by bolts (11).

9. The micro-interference fitting method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjusting shim (10) is slightly interference-fitted with the linear slider (9) and the slide block (1).

10. The micro-interference fitting method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The preset temperature T3 .

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