225 results about "Equiaxed crystals" patented technology

Provided is a coating layer for cutting tools, as a hard coating layer stacked and formed in the sequence of a TiN layer, a TiCN layer, a bonding layer, an alumina (Al₂O₃) layer, and a cover layer from the bottom by using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method on a parent material, able to improve cutting performance, because surface residual stress of the coating layer may be maintained in a compressive stress state by adjusting a composition of the cover layer without using a separate additional process, such as a blasting operation, or a mixed process of CVD and physical vapor deposition (PVD), and simultaneously the cover layer may also be used as a wear-resistant layer.

The coating layer according to present invention is formed on a surface of a parent material by using a CVD method, in which the coating layer includes an alumina layer formed of an α-phase, disposed on the parent material and composed of a composite structure having a columnar crystal structure and an equiaxed crystal structure mixed therein, and a cover layer formed of Al_xTi_ySi_zCr_wN (herein, x+y+z+w=1, x≧0.75, y≧0.2, 0≦z≦0.06, 0≦w≦0.08) and disposed on the alumina layer.

The invention discloses a continuous steel casting process with a function of electromagnetic excitation compound mechanical stirring. According to the process, when alloy melt solidifies, microscopic and macroscopic strong shear flows are generated to break dendritic crystal by the electromagnetic excitation compound mechanical stirring technology, and accordingly, solidification structure refinement, full-equiaxed crystallization and solute segregation reduction are achieved, and alloy properties are improved. The invention further provides a continuous steel casting device mainly comprising a crystallizer, a rotor stirring paddle, a wheel, a program control motor, a magnetic field generator, a coil, and a voltage-regulating frequency-modulating alternating current source. The microscopic flows generated by electromagnetic excitation and macroscopic flows generated by mechanical stirring form complex chaotic flows which form strong shear flows to brake the dendritic crystal, crystal nucleus proliferation is prompted, temperature gradient is reduced, and ultrafine full-equiaxed crystal structure is achieved; meanwhile, segregation of alloy elements is significantly reduced or completely suppressed. The continuous steel casting process and method has the advantages that the energy consumption is significantly lower than that of conventional electromagnetic stirring and energy conservation is significantly effective.

A process for preparing the permanent-magnet AlNiCo alloy with equiaxed crystals includes such steps as proportionally mixing Al, Ni, Co, Cu, Ti, NbFe (1: 1), Fe, Si, FeS and SmCo, charging the mixture in furnace, preparing casting mould, vacuumizing, electric heating, filling Ar gas, casting, annealing, two-stage preheating, solution treating, magnetic field controlled cooling and three-stage tempering.

The invention relates to a manufacturing method of high-manganese strip steel with high strength and plasticity, which comprises the following steps: 1) smelting: the high-manganese strip steel mainly comprises the following components by weight percent: less than 0.2% of C, 10-30% of Mn, 1-6% of Si, 1-8% of Al and the balance of Fe; 2) thin strip continuous casting: the roll speed and the rate of a rotational line are 45-150m.min; the degree of superheat of a tundish during casting is 25-60 DEG C; the liquid level of molten steel is 150-350mm; and a roll gap of a crystallizing roll is preset to be 1.8-3.0mm; 3) on-line hot rolling: the rolling temperature is 950-1150 DEG C, the rolling reduction is 10-50%, the strain rate is 10-45s-1, and the thickness of the strip steel is 1.0-1.6mm; 4) coiling: the coiling temperature is 400-750 DEG C; 5) acid cleaning; 6) leveling; and 7) carrying out shear processing for forming a finished product coil. The manufacturing method can obtain a high-manganese steel structure with high equiaxed crystal ratio and even complete equiaxed crystal, avoid an obvious columnar crystal interface, prevent the phenomenon of shrinkage porosity or aggregation of inclusions, lead performance indexes including yield strength, elongation rate, yield-strength ratio and the like to float in a larger range and further meet the specific needs of users.

The invention discloses an extrusion die with multiple corners and a forming method thereof and belongs to the technical field of material extrusion. The extrusion die comprises a puncher pin, a bolt, an upper die and a lower die, wherein the upper die and the lower die are tetrahedron, the lower surface of the upper die is provided with a downward groove while the lower surface of the lower die is provided with an upward groove, both sides of the grooves of the upper and lower dies are respectively provided with bolt holes, the upper die and the lower die are fastened by bolts, the grooves of the upper and lower dies are formed into an extrusion die cavity which has multiple corners. Through the die, fine and equiaxed crystals are easily formed; the problems of uneven structures and complex processes in primary ECAP (equal-channel angular pressing) formation materials are effectively overcome; the die is simple in structure, easily processed and prepared into various fine metal, alloys, intermetallic compounds, composite materials and other ultrafine-grained materials, or prepared into difficult-to-deformation metal, such as magnesium alloy, thus the one-pass extrusion technique with multiple corners is achieved and its production efficiency is high.

The invention relates to a production process for lightening 22CrMoH gear steel banded structure. The production method includes converter smelting, LF refining, RH refining, continuous casting, heating and rolling processes. In the converter smelting process, The end point P content is controlled below 0.008 wt%. In the RH refining process, soft blowing time is more than or equal to 12 min afterthe RH refining to ensure that inclusions float up and chemical components are even and reduce segregation caused by uneven chemical components. The continuous casting process ensures that molten steel casting superheat rate is less than or equal to 30 DEG C. The production process of the invention effectively controls the center segregation of a gear steel casting blank and increases a ratio of equiaxed crystals. Low superheat rate and low casting speed shorten the length of a liquid core and solidification time and reduce element segregation, thereby reducing a grade of a banded structure.

The invention discloses a nano twin crystal copper thin film material and a preparation method and application thereof. The copper thin film material comprises a nano twin crystallization hierarchical structure, and the thickness ratio of the hierarchical structure in a copper thin film is larger than or equal to 90%. The hierarchical structure is composed of nano twin crystallization columnar crystals and nano twin crystallization equiaxed crystals, the thickness ratio of the nano twin crystallization equiaxed crystals in the hierarchical structure is larger than that of the nano twin crystallization columnar crystals in the hierarchical structure, and the nano twin crystallization equiaxed crystals are randomly distributed in the twin crystal lamellar direction. The nano twin crystal copper thin film material has the characteristics of excellent strength, ductility and mechanical isotropy, and can meet the requirement of a copper interconnection material for mechanical service performance.

The invention provides a technological method for improving the equiaxed crystal ratio of bistable ferrite stainless steel continuous casting billets. The technological method comprises the steps of aprimary melting furnace, AOD, VOD, LF and continuous casting. According to the technological method provided by the invention, the equiaxed crystal ratio of the bistable ferrite stainless steel continuous casting billets is improved largely, and the cold machining and molding performances of ferrite stainless steel as well as the surface quality of products are improved; and the problems of nozzle clogging and blockage caused by TiN and TiOx generated by adding excessive Ti in the continuous casting technological process are solved effectively.

A titanium alloy has high strength and superior workability and is preferably used for various structural materials for automobiles, etc. The titanium alloy is obtained by the following production method. An alloy having a structure of α′ martensite phase is hot worked at conditions at which dynamic recrystallization occurs. The working is performed at a heating rate of 50 to 800° C./second at a strain rate of 0.01 to 10/second when the temperature is 700 to 800° C. or at a strain rate of 0.1 to 10/second when the temperature is more than 800° C. and less than 1000° C. so as to provide a strain of not less than 0.5. Thus, equiaxed crystals with an average grain size of less than 1000 nm are obtained.

The present invention discloses a continuous cast columnar crystal square billet and its columnar crystal control method. It is characterized by that said square billet is continuously cast by using molten steel containing chemical components of screw-thread steel, carbon structure steel, alloy structure steel, spring steel, bearing steel, low-alloy high-strength steel, hard wire steel or cold-short steel. The columnar crystal rate in the central zone of said square billet is 90-100%, and its equiaxed crystal rate is 0-10%. Said invention utilizes forced cooling and thermal stress downwards compression of continuous casting process to raise uniformity of material components, reduce segregation value of material components and internal defect probability and raise columnar crystal rate of square billet, at the same time, said invention adopts forced cooling and high drawing speed so as to make continuous casting machine efficiency be raised by 10%-40%.

The invention provides a method for full mold-filling casting of total-cross-section equiaxed crystals below the melting point, which can be applied to the industry and realizes design effect. In the method, when being cooled continuously until the temperature thereof is below the melting point, casting liquid keeps flowing until filling molds completely and being crystallized, and accordingly equiaxed crystals are separated out of each section of castings. Compared with the method of forging or rolling, the method has the advantages that deformation texture and deformation streamlines which cause anisotropy of mechanical property are omitted, and problems about refinement of crystal grains and direct forming of high-strength alloy which is incapable of being forged are solved. Products casted by the method have no classic three-crystal zones when compared with general casting products. In addition, the method can be used for forming coarse inherent grain steel casting products in different complicated shapes, and accordingly casting products can substitute for forging products.

An improved method for vibration excitation of the nucleuses in molten metal includes such steps as immersing at least one crystal nucleus ejector with high-frequency low-amplitude in molten metal, quickly generating a lot of crystal nucleuses in the front of said ejector, and ejecting them in the molten metal to form a lot of crystal nucleuses of equiaxed crystals. It features that said crystal nucleus ejector is a consumable cold metal material.

The invention relates to the technical field of alloy optimization, and particularly discloses a structure grain refining method for arc additive manufacturing by adopting aluminum-silicon alloy. Themethod comprises the following steps that Al-5Ti-1B intermediate alloy is prefabricated into thin sheets, cleaned and dried; the thin sheets are placed between the adjacent aluminum-silicon alloy layers, and aluminum-silicon alloy arc additive manufacturing is carried out by adopting an arc additive manufacturing method, wherein the mass of the thin sheets placed in each layer is 1-5% of the massof the aluminum-silicon alloy in the corresponding layer.. According to the structure grain refinement method for arc additive manufacturing by adopting the aluminum-silicon alloy, coarse columnar crystals can be converted into fine equiaxed crystals, and the effects of crystal form conversion and grain refinement are achieved.

A cast steel with excellent workability, characterized in that not less than 60% of the total cross section thereof is occupied by equiaxed crystals, the diameters (mm) of which satisfy the following formula:

D<1.2X^1/3+0.75,

wherein D designates each diameter (mm) of equiaxed crystals in terms of internal structure in which the crystal orientations are identical, and X the distance (mm) from the surface of the cast steel.

The cast steel and the steel material obtained by processing the cast steel have very few surface flaws and internal defects.

A technology for preparing the high-purity aluminium with uniform and fine equiaxed crystal structure includes conventionally smelting high-purity aluminium, adding KBF4 and K2TiF6 powder as fining agent to the molten Al at 700-850 deg.C, stirring, degassing, removing slag, holding the temp for 30-60 min, casting and cooling.

Disclosed is a method for manufacturing ferritic stainless steel slabs with equiaxed grain structures and the ferritic stainless steel manufactured by it, which control concentration of alumina inclusions in molten steel to maximize an available TiN generation effect serving as a non-uniform nucleating site of ferrite when solidifying it, thereby improving equiaxed crystal ratio, the method comprising the steps of: performing oxygen decarburization reaction by blowing oxygen from the upper part of the molten steel in a vacuum oxygen decarburization ladle; injecting Al in the molten steel to which the oxygen decarburization reaction is made for Cr₂O₃ reduction; making composite deoxidation by injecting deoxidizer in the molten steel into which the Al is injected for the Cr₂O₃ reduction; making alloying process by injecting alloying metal in the molten steel; first judging for judging whether Al concentration is in the range of a setting value by analyzing the Al concentration in the molten steel; if the Al concentration satisfies the setting value, stirring it using inert gas and second judging for judging whether alumina inclusion concentration in the final molten steel corresponds to a target value; and if the alumina inclusion concentration satisfies the target value, continuously casting the molten steel.

The invention discloses a laser additive manufacturing method capable of conveniently obtaining the fine equiaxed grains. The preset internal stress and distortion energy in a solidification process are regulated and controlled, a mixed structure of columnar crystals with the dislocation density larger than 10<18> m<-2>, the volume fraction ranging from 71% to 85% and the width ranging from 0.28 mm to 0.45 mm and equiaxed crystals with the volume fraction ranging from 15% to 29% and the diameter ranging from 110 [mu]m to 200 [mu]m is obtained, the columnar crystals and the equiaxed crystals are evenly distributed in a staggered mode, and the distance between the adjacent columnar crystals is 2.5 to 4.5 mm. On the basis of the sedimentary structure, triple heat treatment is accurately matched, a fine equiaxed grain structure with the volume fraction not lower than 95% and the diameter not larger than 40 [mu]m is obtained, and high-performance manufacturing of large titanium alloy components can be achieved. While fine and uniform full equiaxed crystal preparation is realized, material components are not changed, the adaptability to special-shaped complex structures is high, the additive manufacturing efficiency is not reduced obviously, and the the laser additive manufacturing method is suitable for batch industrial production.

The invention discloses a beryllium-aluminum-zirconium-series multi-element alloy and a preparation method thereof which aim at solving the problems that at present, a method that a beryllium-aluminumalloy is prepared by adopting powder hot isostatic pressing is complicated in technology and very high in cost and greatly limits application of the beryllium-aluminum alloy. The beryllium-aluminum-zirconium-series multi-element alloy is prepared and formed by adopting the following raw materials of, by weight, 54-80% of metal beryllium, 17-45% of metal aluminum, 0.2-2% of metal zirconium and 0.1-1.0% of add element. In the beryllium-aluminum-zirconium-series multi-element alloy and the preparation method thereof, based on an existing beryllium-aluminum alloy, the metal zirconium and other alloying elements are added, a beryllium-aluminum alloy base material is prepared firstly, then a pre-alloying beryllium-aluminum-zirconium-series multi-element alloy is prepared through a vacuum induction smelting method, and then the beryllium-aluminum-zirconium-series multi-element alloy is obtained through subsequent remelting. According to the beryllium-aluminum-zirconium-series multi-element alloy and the preparation method thereof, by conducting multi-element alloying of zirconium and other elements on the beryllium-aluminum alloy, an equiaxed crystal alloy with the refined structure andthe uniform size can be obtained, structure defects and composition segregation are reduced, and alloy plasticity is improved, so that alloy mechanical properties are greatly improved, and the excellent comprehensive performance is achieved.

The invention discloses an electromagnetic stirring water-cooled mold and a method for pouring a steel ingot, belonging to the field of steel and iron smelting. The electromagnetic stirring water-cooled mold consists of a base plate, an auxiliary plate, a mold body and a heat preservation cap, wherein the heat preservation cap is embedded and inserted into an upper port of the mold body; an annular gap of the upper port of the heat preservation cap is filled with filler sand; a heat insulating plate of the heat preservation cap is provided with a reinforcing hole; a cooling water jacket is arranged along the circumference of the mold body; the gap of the cavity of the jacket is increasingly expanded from bottom to top; and an electromagnetic stirrer is arranged along the circumference of the mold body. The method for pouring the steel ingot of the electromagnetic stirring water-cooled mold comprises the following steps of: filling casting powder at the bottom of the mold; opening a cooling water system; controlling pouring speed of molten steel of the ingot body to be (10-50) cm/min; when the liquid level rises to over 2/3 of the height, turning on the electromagnetic stirrer; and when the liquid level rises to the space above the reinforcing hole and below a hanger structure, stopping pouring. By using the device, the electromagnetic stirrer is turned on during pouring and crystallization of the molten steel, and the molten steel is dynamically crystallized into solid. Compared with the original technology, the equiaxed crystal ratio of the steel ingot is further improved, the stirring strength and the micro-adjustment stirring method are properly set according to different steel types, and an ideal equiaxed crystal ratio can be achieved; and a finished product of the steel ingot is uniform in composition and the grain is refined, so that the quality of the steel ingot is greatly improved.

The invention discloses an in-situ heating hot crack test device. The device comprises a furnace body, a stretcher, a connecting rod, a stress sensor, a test rod, a thermocouple, a thermal insulationlayer, a magnetic field coil, a heating ring, an Al2O3 crucible, a base, a connecting chuck and a water-cooled chuck; the base is arranged at the outer bottom of the furnace body; a stretcher rail bracket is arranged under the stretcher, and the stress sensor is connected to the stretcher through the connecting rod; the water-cooled chuck is clamped at the right end of the test rod, and the test rod is placed in the Al2O3 crucible, and is coaxial with the Al2O3 crucible; the heating ring, the magnetic field coil and the thermal insulation layer sequentially sleeve the crucible; and the thermocouple is pre-buried on the outer wall of the crucible. After the test rod is heated and melted, the stretcher is started, the temperature of the heating ring is adjusted, and the water flow rate of the water-cooled chuck is selected or the magnetic field coil is controlled to generate a magnetic field in order to obtain critical conditions for hot cracking of the test rod along different dendritegrowth directions or in an equiaxed crystal form at different cooling rates. The device can quantitatively and accurately study the hot cracking problem of metals in different grain forms.