Battery Pack and Automobile

Abstract

The present application discloses a battery pack for providing the required electrical energy for a car in different working conditions. The battery pack includes a task manager, a first battery unit and a second battery unit. The first battery unit and the second battery unit respectively correspond to different operating states of the load under the control of the task manager and provide the required electrical energy. Among them, the first battery unit outputs electrical energy in a first power range to provide sufficient battery life for the car, and the second battery unit outputs electrical energy in a second power range to provide electrical energy output for the car when the car is in a state of instantaneous high power such as acceleration, deceleration and braking. The second power range is higher than the first power range. An embodiment of the present application also provides a car including the aforementioned battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power supplies, and in particular to a battery pack and a vehicle used in a power drive device. Background Art

[0002] At present, new energy vehicles are gradually entering the public eye, and their power devices have always been a research hotspot. The battery packs used in electric vehicles are generally composed of dozens or hundreds of battery cells connected in series, and are combined with battery management systems (BMS) and thermal management systems to provide power for electric vehicles. However, under different working conditions, the power of the battery packs required to input and output electricity is significantly different. The battery packs composed of batteries of the same type and specification connected in series cannot quickly and accurately meet the power difference requirements of electric vehicles, which in turn leads to the inability to fully release the performance of electric vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the embodiments of the present application propose a battery pack that can quickly and accurately output different power ranges under different operating conditions of the vehicle, and a vehicle including the aforementioned battery pack.

[0004] A battery pack includes a task manager, a first battery cell and a second battery cell, wherein the first battery cell is used to output electric energy in a first power range, and the second battery cell is used to output electric energy in a second power range, wherein the second power range is higher than the first power range, and under the control of the task manager, the first battery cell and the second battery cell respectively correspond to different operating states of a load and provide the required electric energy for the load.

[0005] Under the control of the task manager, the power output of the first battery unit and the second battery unit is accurately controlled. According to the power demand of the current load, the task manager can quickly and flexibly adjust the power output of the first battery unit and the second battery unit to meet the power demand of the current load.

[0006] Optionally, the task manager includes a battery management system, which is electrically connected to the first battery cell and the second battery cell, and is used to detect state parameters of the first battery cell and the second battery cell, and control the power range of input and output electrical energy of the first battery cell and the second battery cell according to the state parameters.

[0007] The battery management system can effectively monitor the power level and operating status of the first battery unit and the second battery unit in real time, and control the power range of the input and output power of the first battery unit and the second battery unit accordingly, so as to maintain a good output state and continuously output power.

[0008] Optionally, the battery pack also includes a task bus, and the first battery cell and the second battery cell are connected in parallel to the task bus, and the task bus is used to receive control instructions from the task manager and transmit them to the first battery cell and the second battery cell, and the control instructions are used to selectively activate the first battery cell or the second battery cell to output electrical energy in the first power range or the second power range, and the control instructions correspond to different operating states of the load.

[0009] The task manager is electrically connected to the first battery cell and the second battery cell through the task bus, so that the control instructions of the task manager can be quickly transmitted to the first battery cell and the second battery cell, effectively shortening the response time of the first battery cell and the second battery cell, so that the first battery cell and the second battery cell can provide the required electrical energy for the current load at an extremely fast speed.

[0010] Optionally, when the power level of the first battery unit is greater than a first threshold, indicating that the first battery unit can meet the power demand of the load under the current operating conditions, the task manager is used to output the control instruction, and the control instruction is used to activate the first battery unit to provide power to the load.

[0011] Optionally, when the power level of the first battery cell is lower than a second threshold, indicating that the power level of the first battery cell is about to be exhausted, the task manager is used to output the control instruction, which is used to shut down the first battery cell to stop outputting electrical energy and activate the second battery cell to provide electrical energy to the load.

[0012] Optionally, when the power level of the first battery cell is less than a first threshold and greater than a second threshold, the task manager is used to output the control instruction, and the control instruction is used to activate the first battery cell and the second battery cell, and the first battery cell and the second battery cell simultaneously provide electrical energy to the load.

[0013] The first battery cell and the second battery cell cooperate with each other to form different power supply modes. The first battery cell and the second battery cell have strict power output control. By setting the power threshold, the first battery cell and the second battery cell can achieve different power output coordination, so that the first battery cell and the second battery cell can achieve high-efficiency coordination for different loads under the control of the task manager.

[0014] Optionally, the first battery unit includes at least one main sub-pack, the main sub-pack includes at least one first battery cell, and the first battery cell has a first energy density and a first power density. The second battery unit includes at least one auxiliary sub-pack, the auxiliary sub-pack includes at least one second battery cell, and the second battery cell has a second energy density and a second power density. The first energy density is greater than the second energy density, and the first power density is less than the second power density.

[0015] The second battery cell in the sub-pack included in the second battery unit has a second energy density and a second power density, and the second power density thereof is greater than the first power density of the first battery cell in the first battery unit. Therefore, the volume of the second battery cell is smaller than that of the first battery cell. Through the reasonable spatial layout of the first battery cell and the second battery cell, the volume of the battery pack can be effectively reduced, thereby facilitating adaptive adjustment according to the internal layout of the vehicle and saving internal space of the vehicle.

[0016] Optionally, the first power range is 10-20 KW, and the second power range is 50-100 KW, or the first energy range is 50-100 KWh, and the second energy range is 10-30 KWh.

[0017] Optionally, the capacity of the second battery cell in the second battery unit is 30% of the capacity of the first battery cell in the first battery unit, and the specific power of the second battery unit is 1.5 times the specific power of the first battery unit.

[0018] By setting the cell composition and parameters of the first battery unit and the second battery unit, the first battery unit and the second battery unit can be effectively coordinated in terms of power output. For different loads and different power requirements, the task manager can accurately control the power output status of the first battery unit and the second battery unit. At the same time, with accurate parameter settings, it is easy to accurately calculate the production cost of the battery pack and reasonably reduce the production cost of the battery pack.

[0019] Optionally, the present application also provides a car including the aforementioned battery pack. Compared with the prior art, the battery pack provided by the present application selectively activates the first battery unit or the second battery unit to provide electric energy in different power ranges, thereby being able to quickly and accurately provide electric energy in different power ranges for the current working condition of the car, preventing switching delays when battery packs of the same type and specification output electric energy of different powers, and ensuring that the car accurately adapts to different working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of a car in one embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 For Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the planar structure of the battery pack shown;

[0023] Figure 3 For Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the operation process of the battery pack in the vehicle 1 is shown;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the battery pack in the second embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present application are given in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thoroughly and comprehensively understood.

[0026] The following descriptions of the embodiments are with reference to the attached diagrams to illustrate specific embodiments that the present application can be used to implement. The serial numbers for the components herein, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The "connection" and "coupling" mentioned in the present application, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (couplings). The directional terms mentioned in the present application, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", "side", etc., are only with reference to the directions of the attached drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the present application, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application.

[0027] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances. It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order.

[0028] In addition, the terms "include", "may include", "contain", or "may include" used in the present application indicate the existence of the corresponding functions, operations, elements, etc. disclosed, and do not limit one or more other functions, operations, elements, etc. In addition, the terms "include" or "contain" indicate the existence of the corresponding features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof disclosed in the specification, and do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, and are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. In addition, when describing the embodiments of the present application, "may" is used to indicate "one or more embodiments of the present application". And, the term "exemplary" is intended to refer to an example or illustration.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0030] In the power system of electric vehicles, that is, the energy storage battery used in electric vehicles is usually composed of multiple single cells connected in series, and the mass energy density, volume energy density, and power density of each cell are the same or similar. Then it is combined with the battery management system (BMS), thermal management system, etc. to provide power for electric vehicles. Electric vehicles require obvious differences in the power provided by the battery pack under different working conditions. For example, when electric vehicles are driving steadily, the power required is 10 to 20KW, while when accelerating, decelerating and braking energy recovery is often as high as 50 to hundreds of kilowatts.

[0031] As for the battery packs of electric vehicles, research has found that because electric vehicles require different power under different working conditions, and the battery packs composed of the same type of battery cells connected in series can obviously only provide one power, the power provided by the battery pack cannot be accurately matched with the needs of the electric vehicle, resulting in the inability to fully unleash the performance of the electric vehicle. At the same time, the battery packs composed of the same type of battery cells connected in series take up a large space.

[0032] The present application provides a battery pack composed of battery cells with different energy densities as a power source for electric vehicles, which can effectively meet the power requirements of the vehicle under different operating conditions. At the same time, the spatial structure design between the battery packs inside the battery pack can be adaptively adjusted according to the internal space of the vehicle, which can effectively solve the problem of traditional battery packs occupying a large space.

[0033] See also Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the block structure of a car in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the automobile 1 includes a battery pack 100, a vehicle controller 200 and a motor 300. Among them, the battery pack 100 is electrically connected to the vehicle controller 200 and the motor 300, and the battery pack 100 is used to provide driving power for the motor 300. The vehicle controller 200 is used to collect relevant signals of the battery pack 100, the motor 300 and other functional modules of the automobile 1, and then adaptively adjust the working state of the motor 300 and the battery pack 100 according to the collected signals, so that the automobile can reach a good operating state under the drive of the motor 300. The motor 300 performs corresponding power drive operations under the control of the battery pack 100, so that the automobile 1 is in different driving states or braking states.

[0034] In an exemplary embodiment, the motor 300 may be an induction motor, a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a switched reluctance motor, or other motors that can be used in electric vehicles, and the present application is not limited thereto.

[0035] like Figure 1As shown, the battery pack 100 includes a battery cell 10 and a task manager 20. The battery cell 10 is an energy storage power device that provides the required electrical energy for the normal operation of each functional module or component of the automobile 1. The task manager 20 is electrically connected to the battery cell 10, the vehicle controller 200 and the motor 300 and performs signal interaction transmission, which is used to detect the charge state, voltage, current, temperature, etc. of the battery cell 10, and after performing corresponding calculations, judgments and processing, the task manager 20 is used to output control instructions, which are used to control the charging and discharging of the battery cell 10. At the same time, the task manager 20 cooperates with the vehicle controller 200 to jointly control the operating state of the motor 300.

[0036] The vehicle controller 200 collects the relevant parameters of the task manager 20 and the motor 300, performs corresponding calculations and judgments, and then issues corresponding operation instructions to the task manager 20. After receiving the instructions, the task manager 20 controls the working state of the battery unit 10 and cooperates with the vehicle controller 200 to control the operation of the motor 300. The working state of the battery unit 10 includes the state of charge, voltage, current, temperature, etc. of the battery unit 10.

[0037] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 For Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the planar layout structure of the battery pack 100. Figure 2 As shown, the first battery unit 11 can be provided with N sub-main packs according to the needs of the vehicle, wherein the power density and energy density of the N sub-main packs can be set to be completely the same or have certain differences as required, and this application does not limit it. The second battery unit 12 can be provided with M sub-auxiliary packs as required, wherein the power density and energy density of each M sub-auxiliary pack can be set to be completely the same or have certain differences as required, and this application does not limit it. Wherein, N and M are integers greater than or equal to 1.

[0038] The battery unit 10 includes a first battery unit 11, a second battery unit 12 and a task bus 13. In this embodiment, when N is 2 and M is 4, the first battery unit 11 includes a first sub-main package 111 and a second sub-main package 112, and the first sub-main package 111 and the second sub-main package 112 each include a first battery cell 11A, and the first battery cell 11A has a first energy density and a first power density, wherein the first energy density belongs to a first energy range, and the first power density belongs to a first power range.

[0039] For ease of understanding and explanation, a coordinate system is established with the X-axis direction as the first direction and the Y-axis direction as the second direction, wherein the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y. The first sub-main package 111 and the second sub-main package 112 are arranged side by side at a preset distance along the first direction X. The first battery unit 11 is used to provide long-term power endurance for the motor 300 when the car 1 serving as a load is driving stably.

[0040] The second battery unit 12 includes a first sub-package 121, a second sub-package 122, a third sub-package 123 and a fourth sub-package 124. The first sub-package 121, the second sub-package 122, the third sub-package 123 and the fourth sub-package 124 each include three second battery cells 12A, and the first sub-package 121, the second sub-package 122, the third sub-package 123 and the fourth sub-package 124 are each composed of three second battery cells 12A connected in series. The second battery cell 12A has a second energy density and a second power density, the second energy density belongs to the second energy range, and the second power density belongs to the second power range.

[0041] The first sub-package 121 and the second sub-package 122 are arranged side by side at a preset distance along the first direction X, and are arranged on one side of the first battery unit 11 along the second direction Y; the third sub-package 123 and the fourth sub-package 124 are arranged side by side at a preset distance along the first direction X, and are arranged on the other side of the first battery unit 11 along the second direction Y.

[0042] In other words, the first sub-sub-pack 121 and the second sub-sub-pack 122 are respectively disposed adjacent to one of the sub-main packs along the second direction, and the third sub-sub-pack 123 and the fourth sub-sub-pack 124 are respectively disposed adjacent to the other sub-main pack along the second direction. The second battery unit 12 is used to provide instantaneous high-power electric energy output to the motor 300 when the automobile 1 is in the acceleration, deceleration and braking states. Each sub-pack in the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 is connected in parallel to the task bus 13.

[0043] Alternatively, in other embodiments of the present application, the number of sub-main packs in the first battery unit 11, the number of first battery cells 11A in the sub-main pack, the number of sub-auxiliary packs in the second battery unit 12, and the number of second battery cells 12A in the sub-auxiliary packs can be adjusted according to actual needs of the automobile 1, but are not limited thereto. The capacity of the second battery cell is 30% of the capacity of the first battery cell.

[0044] The first power range is 10-20KW, the second power range is 50-100KW, the first energy range is 50-100KWh, and the second energy range is 10-30KWh, wherein the first and second power ranges and the first and second energy ranges of the first battery cell 11A and the second battery cell 12A can be set within the aforementioned numerical ranges at the same time, or only the first and second power ranges can be set within the corresponding numerical ranges or only the first and second energy ranges can be set within the corresponding numerical ranges. It can be set according to the actual needs of the automobile 1, and this application is not limited thereto.

[0045] Furthermore, the second energy range is about 30% of the first energy range, that is, the energy density of the second battery cell 12 is about 30% of the energy density of the first battery cell 11, wherein the energy density is the energy contained in a unit volume. The first power density is a 5-second discharge capacity of 5 to 10C, and the second power density is a 5-second discharge capacity of more than 10C (charge and discharge current / rated capacity), that is, the first battery cell 11 has a 5-second discharge capacity of 5 to 10C, and the second battery cell 12 has a 5-second discharge capacity of more than 10C.

[0046] By setting the battery cell composition and parameters in the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12, the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 can be effectively coordinated in terms of power output. For different loads and different power requirements, the task manager 20 can accurately control the power output state of the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12. At the same time, with accurate parameter settings, it is easy to accurately calculate the production cost of the battery pack and reasonably reduce the production cost of the battery pack.

[0047] At least two sub-packs in the second battery unit 12 output electric energy of different powers within the second power range, so that different sub-packs can be combined to accurately and quickly switch to output electric energy of different powers under conditions of large instantaneous output power such as acceleration, deceleration and braking of the corresponding automobile 1. For example, the first sub-pack 121 and the second sub-pack 122 cooperate to output electric energy of the required power within the second power range under the acceleration condition, the third sub-pack 123 outputs electric energy of the required power within the second power range under the deceleration condition, and the fourth sub-pack 124 outputs electric energy of the required power within the second power range under the braking condition.

[0048] Alternatively, in other embodiments of the present application, the first sub-package 121, the second sub-package 122, the third sub-package 123 and the fourth sub-package 124 can be combined in different ways according to actual needs to output electrical energy with higher instantaneous power within the second power range, and are not limited to the aforementioned examples.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment, the battery cell materials of the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 can be lead-acid batteries, lithium-ion batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, lead crystal batteries and zinc-air batteries according to the needs of the automobile 1, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited.

[0050] In an exemplary embodiment, the first battery cell 11 has a high energy density, thereby providing a relatively strong endurance for the automobile 1. The second battery cell 12 has a high power density, and is used to provide instantaneous high power output for the automobile 1 during braking, acceleration and other working conditions. By combining the high energy density of the first battery cell 11 in the battery unit 10 with the high power density of the second battery cell 12, it is possible to provide electrical energy and corresponding power requirements for the motor 300 under different working conditions such as acceleration, braking and steady driving of the automobile 1. As a result, the battery pack 100 can output electrical energy of different powers through sub-packets of different energy densities and power densities, thereby meeting the power and power supply power requirements of the automobile 1 under different working conditions.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, the rate performance of the first battery cell 11 at 5C is less than 70%, the rate performance of the second battery cell 12 at 5C is greater than 70%, and the power density of the first battery cell 11 and the second battery cell has a certain proportional relationship. Specifically, the average specific power of the second battery cell 12 is 1.5 times the average specific power of the first battery cell 11. Wherein, the specific power is the ratio of the maximum power of the motor 300 to the total mass of the vehicle 1, and the unit is W / kg. The average specific power is: at room temperature, a battery with a 100% state of charge (State of charge, SOC) is discharged at a current of 1C for 30 minutes, and then discharged at a preset maximum discharge current for 10s to obtain a specific power of 10 seconds of discharge, and then after standing for 30 minutes, it is charged at a preset maximum charging current for 10 seconds to obtain a specific power of charging within 10 seconds. The average specific power is obtained by taking the average of the specific power of discharging for 10 seconds and the specific power of charging for 10 seconds.

[0052] Alternatively, in other embodiments of the present application, when N is 1 and M is 2, that is, when the first battery cell 11 includes a sub-main package and the second battery cell 12 includes a battery pack 10 of two sub-auxiliary packages, the sub-main package in the first battery cell 11 adopts an energy density of 60KWh and has a charge and discharge capacity upper limit of 0.5-1C, that is, a power range. The sub-auxiliary packages of the second battery cell 12 are 30KWh sub-auxiliary packages with a charge and discharge capacity upper limit of 3C and 10KWh sub-auxiliary packages with a charge and discharge capacity upper limit of 10C. The total power of the battery pack 10 is 100KWh, and the sustainable output power is 60*1+30*3+10*10=250KW, which exceeds the continuous power upper limit of the same battery cell material composition. Therefore, the battery pack 100 provided in the present application can ensure that the automobile 1 has a strong endurance while also meeting the needs of the instantaneous high-power electrical energy output of the automobile 1, that is, it can flexibly meet the power requirements of the automobile 1 under different working conditions.

[0053] In an exemplary embodiment, the charging time of the battery cell 10 is much faster than that of a battery pack with a single energy parameter. The battery cell 10 can be charged with 10KWh+30%*30KWh+10%*60KWh=25KWh within 6 minutes, while a 100KWh battery pack with a single energy parameter and 1.5C fast charging capability can only be charged with 0.15*100KWh=15KWh of electricity. Therefore, the battery pack 100 of the present application has faster instantaneous charging capability than traditional battery packs.

[0054] Please also refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the task manager 20 specifically includes a DC converter 21, a BMS 22 and an electric control 23. The DC converter 21 is electrically connected to the task bus 13, and the DC converter 21 is used to convert the high-voltage direct current outputted by the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 into low-voltage direct current to supply low-voltage electrical appliances of the vehicle.

[0055] BMS22 is electrically connected to the battery cell 10 and the vehicle controller 200 to realize signal transmission, and is used to detect the state of charge, temperature, voltage and other parameters of each sub-pack in the first battery cell 11 and the second battery cell 12 in real time. At the same time, BMS22 calculates, judges and processes the detected parameters, and sends the processing results to the vehicle controller 200. BMS22 controls the first battery cell 11 and the second battery cell 12 to perform corresponding self-protection actions according to the processing results, such as overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, over-temperature protection, etc. BMS22 selectively charges and discharges each sub-pack in the first battery cell 11 and the second battery cell 12 through the DC converter 21 and the task bus 13, and distributes the power of the first battery cell 11 and the second battery cell 12.

[0056] The electronic control 23 is electrically connected to the battery cell 10, BMS22, vehicle controller 200 and motor 300 to realize signal transmission, and is used to receive the command signal of the vehicle controller 200 and the battery detection signal transmitted by BMS22, and control the discharge power of the battery cell 10 to the motor 300 by processing the received signal, thereby realizing control over the operation of the motor 300.

[0057] In an exemplary embodiment, the DC converter 21 is a bidirectional DC-DC converter that can control the bidirectional flow of current. Since the task bus 13 is electrically connected to the first sub-main package 111, the second sub-main package 112 in the first battery cell 11 and the first sub-auxiliary package 121, the second sub-auxiliary package 122, the third sub-auxiliary package 123 and the fourth sub-auxiliary package 124 in the second battery cell 12, the DC converter 21 can accurately control the input and output electrical energy of the first sub-main package 111, the second sub-main package 112 in the first battery cell 11, the first sub-auxiliary package 121, the second sub-auxiliary package 122, the third sub-auxiliary package 123 and the fourth sub-auxiliary package 124 in the second battery cell 12 through the task bus 13.

[0058] In an exemplary embodiment, the automobile 1 is in a task mode with a relatively large instantaneous output power, such as acceleration, deceleration, and braking. The task manager 20 can control the specific power supply mode of the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 according to the power requirements of the automobile 1 in various task modes. In an exemplary embodiment, when the battery pack 100 provides power to the automobile 1, it has at least the following three power supply modes under the control of the task manager 20:

[0059] Power supply mode 1, the power of the first battery unit 11 is greater than the first threshold, and the car 1 is in average speed and low power operation, and its power demand range is 10 to 20KW. At this time, the task manager 20 outputs a control instruction through the task bus 13, and the control instruction is only used to activate the first battery unit 11 to provide power to the electric energy drive module such as the motor 300 that is currently the load. In this embodiment, the first threshold can be set to 70% of the total power of the first battery unit 11. Of course, the first threshold can be adjusted according to actual needs, such as 60% to 95% of the total power, which is not limited here.

[0060] Power supply mode 2, the power of the first battery unit 11 is lower than the second threshold, and the car 1 is in low power operation, and its power demand is in the range of 10 to 20KW. At this time, the task manager 20 outputs a control instruction through the task bus 13, and the control instruction is used to shut down the first battery unit 11 to stop it from outputting power, and activate the second battery unit 12 at the same time, so that the second battery unit 12 provides power to the electric energy drive module such as the motor 300 that is currently the load. In this embodiment, the second threshold can be set to 20% of the total power of the first battery unit 11. Of course, the second threshold can be adjusted according to actual needs, such as 10% to 30% of the total power, which is not limited here.

[0061] Power supply mode 3, the power of the first battery unit 11 is less than the first threshold and greater than the second threshold, that is, the remaining power of the first battery unit is between 20% and 70%, and the automobile 1 is in a high-power operation state, and its power demand range is 50 to 100KW. At this time, the first battery unit 11 alone cannot meet the high power demand of the current vehicle condition, and the task manager 20 outputs a control instruction through the task bus 13. The control instruction is used to simultaneously activate the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12, so that the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 simultaneously provide power to the electric energy drive module such as the motor 300 that is currently acting as a load, so as to meet the high power demand of the motor and other loads in the current automobile 1.

[0062] Furthermore, the task manager 20 can also control each sub-assembly in the second battery unit 12 to output electric energy of different powers within the second power range according to the power requirements of the automobile 1 in various task modes. For example, in the acceleration task mode of the automobile 1, the task manager 20 outputs a control instruction, which is used to activate the first sub-assembly 121 and the second sub-assembly 122 to output electric energy of corresponding power to the motor 300, thereby providing electric energy for the automobile 1 in the acceleration task mode, that is, the instantaneous high-power electric energy output required for the acceleration of the automobile 1 is completely from the first sub-assembly 121 and the second sub-assembly 122, and does not involve other sub-assemblies.

[0063] The task manager 20 may output a control instruction, which is used to activate the third sub-package 123 and the fourth sub-package 124 to provide electric energy in the deceleration and braking task mode of the automobile 1, that is, the high power output required for deceleration and braking of the automobile 1 is completely dependent on the third sub-package 123 and the fourth sub-package 124, and does not involve other sub-packages. How to allocate the electric energy output of each sub-package in a specific task mode can be determined according to the power demand of the automobile 1, and this application does not limit it.

[0064] In an exemplary embodiment, the task manager 20 is also used to perform one or more of the following functions: a function of opening or cutting off the connection between each sub-pack in the first battery cell 11 and the second battery cell 12; a function of automatic balancing of mutual charging and discharging between each sub-pack in the first battery cell 11 and the second battery cell 12; a function of dynamically and quickly (response time <1s) switching and adjusting the output current of each sub-pack in the first battery cell 11 and the second battery cell 12; a function of dynamically adjusting the load and input and output current of each sub-pack in the first battery cell 11 and the second battery cell 12 according to working conditions, such as acceleration, power recovery, smooth driving, etc.; when charging, controlling the charging order of each sub-pack in the first battery cell 11 and the second battery cell 12, and the current is supplemented to different sub-packs according to a certain proportion.

[0065] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the vehicle controller 200 is specifically electrically connected to the DC converter 21, BMS22 and electronic control 23 to realize signal transmission, and is used to collect signals from the DC converter 21, BMS22, electronic control 23 and other components of the vehicle, and then the vehicle controller 200 performs comprehensive calculations and judgments, and issues corresponding instructions to the DC converter 21, BMS22 and electronic control 23. The operating power of the motor 300 is adjusted by controlling the DC converter 21, BMS22 and electronic control 23, and controlling the charging and discharging of the battery unit 10, so that the DC converter 21, BMS22, electronic control 23 and other components of the vehicle 1 are coordinated and adjusted to adjust the operating status of the vehicle 1, so that the vehicle 1 reaches a good operating state.

[0066] Under the control of the task manager 20, the power output of the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 is accurately controlled. According to the power demand of the current load, the task manager 20 can quickly and flexibly adjust the power output of the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 to meet the power demand of the current load.

[0067] The battery management system 20 can effectively monitor the power level and operating status of the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 in real time, and control the power range of the input and output power of the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 accordingly to maintain a good output state and continuously output power.

[0068] The task manager 20 is electrically connected to the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 via the task bus 13, so that the control instructions of the task manager 20 can be quickly transmitted to the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12, effectively shortening the response time of the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12, so that the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 can provide the required electrical energy for the current load at an extremely fast speed.

[0069] For different power supply modes formed by the cooperation between the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12, the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 have appropriate power output control, and the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 can achieve different power output coordination through the setting of the power threshold, so that the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 can achieve high-efficiency coordination for loads in different cars 1 under the control of the task manager 20.

[0070] In the battery unit 10, the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 are placed in a position that follows the placement of the battery pack with high power density close to the motor 300, and the placement of the sub-pack with low power density is farther from the motor 300 than the battery pack with high power density. In this embodiment, the first battery unit 11 is spaced a first distance D1 from the motor 300, and the second battery unit 12 is spaced a second distance D2 from the motor 300, wherein D1 is greater than D2, so the second battery unit 12 is placed closer to the motor 300 than the first battery unit 11, so that the second battery unit 12 has a shorter current transmission path to the motor 300.

[0071] See also Figure 3 , which is as follows Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the operation process of the battery pack 100 in the automobile 1 is shown. Figure 3 As shown, the working steps are as follows:

[0072] Step S101, the working condition of the automobile 1 is detected and the current working condition status is output, wherein the working condition detection of the automobile 1 includes instructions input by the user and autonomous detection by detection devices such as sensors, and the relevant instructions input by the user include operation instructions, such as braking, acceleration, turning on and off the air conditioner, etc.

[0073] Step S102: The task manager outputs a control instruction according to the current working state. Specifically, after the task manager 20 receives the current working state of the automobile 1, the BMS 22 processes and judges the working state, and then sends the processing result to the DC converter 21 and the electronic control 23 inside the task manager 20. The DC converter 21 converts the high-voltage direct current output by the battery unit 10 into low-voltage direct current according to the processing result to supply the low-voltage electrical appliances of the whole vehicle, and the electronic control 23 controls the operation of the motor 300 according to the instruction.

[0074] In step S103 , the task bus 13 transmits the control instruction to the battery pack 10 . After the task manager 20 issues the control instruction, the task bus 13 transmits the control instruction to the first battery cell 11 and the second battery cell 12 of the battery cell 10 in the battery pack 100 .

[0075] Step S104: the battery unit 10 selects the first battery unit 11 or the second battery unit 12 to input or output electric energy according to the control instruction. Specifically, the first battery unit 11 or the second battery unit 12 in the battery unit 10 is activated by the control instruction and cooperates with the DC converter 21 to perform corresponding power input or output.

[0076] Step S105 , the motor 300 performs corresponding power output according to the electric energy provided by the battery unit 10 , and the motor 300 is driven to operate according to the control instruction and the electric energy output of the corresponding power of the battery unit 10 by the electronic control 23 in the task manager 20 .

[0077] like Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown, in the battery pack 100, by accurately identifying the current working condition of the automobile 1, the BMS 22 can accurately control the current input and output states of the first sub-main pack 111, the second sub-main pack 112 in the first battery unit 11, and the first sub-auxiliary pack 121, the second sub-auxiliary pack 122, the third sub-auxiliary pack 123 and the fourth sub-auxiliary pack 124 in the second battery unit 12 through the DC converter 21 and the task bus 13, that is, it can accurately activate and select the first battery unit 11 or the second battery unit 12 according to the current working condition to provide electric energy in different power ranges, and at the same time enable the battery pack 10 to achieve self-balancing, self-heating and other functions. And by identifying the current high-power working condition of the automobile 1, it can accurately control the combination of different sub-auxiliary packs in the second battery unit to meet the current different high-power electric energy output requirements of the automobile 1. In addition, BMS22 monitors the charge state, current, voltage, temperature, etc. of the first sub-main pack 111, the second sub-main pack 112 in the first battery cell 11 and the first sub-auxiliary pack 121, the second sub-auxiliary pack 122, the third sub-auxiliary pack 123 and the fourth sub-auxiliary pack 124 in the second battery cell 12 in real time, and communicates with the electronic control 23 and the vehicle controller 200 in real time, and can transmit the status of the battery cell 10 to the electronic control 23 and the vehicle controller 200 in the form of signals.

[0078] Furthermore, after receiving the signal transmitted by BMS22, the electronic control 23 performs analysis and judgment, and then performs corresponding control on the motor 300. After the vehicle controller 200 collects the relevant parameter signals of BMS22, electronic control 23 and other components of the automobile 1, it performs comprehensive calculation and judgment processing, and issues corresponding adjustment and control instructions to BMS22, electronic control 23 and other components of the automobile 1, so that the automobile 1 runs in a good state.

[0079] In an exemplary embodiment, the battery pack 100 can be used for both pure electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles. The battery pack architecture for pure electric vehicles can be as follows: Figure 2 The structure shown in the figure can be adaptively adjusted for the battery pack used in hybrid vehicles, but its internal control principle remains unchanged.

[0080] See also Figure 4 , which is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the battery pack 100' in the second embodiment of the present application, as shown Figure 4 As shown, it is Figure 2 The battery cell 10 shown is similar, and the only difference is the layout of the first battery cell 11 and the second battery cell 12 in the battery cell 10 ′.

[0081] Specifically, in this embodiment, when N is 2 and M is 2, the first battery unit 11 includes a first sub-main package 111 and a second sub-main package 112, the first sub-main package 111 and the second sub-main package 112 respectively include a first battery cell 11A, the first battery cell 11A has a first energy density and a first power density, the first energy density belongs to a first energy range, and the first power density belongs to a first power range. With the X-axis direction as the first direction and the Y-axis direction as the second direction, the first sub-main package 111 and the second sub-main package 112 are adjacently arranged side by side in the middle of the battery unit 10 along the second direction.

[0082] The second battery unit 12 includes a first sub-package 121 and a second sub-package 122, each of which includes two second battery cells 12A, and each of which is composed of two second battery cells 12A connected in series. The second battery cell 12A has a second energy density and a second power density, and the second energy density belongs to the second energy range, and the second power density belongs to the second power range. The first sub-package 121 and the second sub-package 122 are arranged side by side on both sides of the first battery unit at a preset distance from the first battery unit 11 along the second direction. In other words, the two sub-packages are arranged adjacent to each other on the outside of the two sub-packages along the second direction, and the first battery unit 11 and the second battery unit 12 are connected in parallel to the task bus 13.

[0083] When the hybrid vehicle 1 is running low on fuel or switched to the power supply mode, the battery unit 10' provides sufficient power to the motor 300, saving energy for the vehicle and ensuring normal driving of the vehicle. Figures 1-2 The working method of the battery unit 10 shown is the same and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0084] In an exemplary embodiment, the battery unit 10 designed in the present application is composed of a combination of a few types of battery cells, and the combination arrangement can be adaptively adjusted according to the spatial layout, which can greatly save the space occupancy rate of the battery pack. Moreover, the battery cells in the battery pack of the present application no longer require dozens of product models. Only a few types can meet most of the battery pack energy and power sequence requirements, which significantly increases the continuous production capacity of the battery cell manufacturing production line and reduces production costs.

[0085] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For ordinary technicians in this field, improvements or changes can be made based on the above description. All these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that: The system comprises a task manager, a first battery unit and a second battery unit, wherein the first battery unit is used to output electric energy in a first power range, and the second battery unit is used to output electric energy in a second power range, the second power range being higher than the first power range, and the first battery unit and the second battery unit respectively correspond to different operating states of a load under the control of the task manager and provide the load with required electric energy, the operating state comprising a vehicle being in a stable driving state, and the first battery unit is used to provide the load with required electric energy together with the second battery unit when the vehicle is in a stable driving state; The second battery unit includes at least one sub-package, the at least one sub-package includes a first sub-package, a second sub-package, a third sub-package and a fourth sub-package, the sub-package includes at least one second battery cell, the second battery cell has a second power density, the second power density belongs to the second power range, and at least two sub-packages in the second battery unit output electric energy of different powers within the second power range; When the vehicle is in the acceleration task mode, the task manager outputs a control instruction for activating the first sub-auxiliary package and the second sub-auxiliary package to output electric energy of corresponding power to the motor, so as to provide electric energy for the vehicle in the acceleration task mode; When the vehicle is in the deceleration and braking task mode, the task manager outputs a control instruction for activating the third sub-auxiliary package and the fourth sub-auxiliary package to output electric energy of corresponding power to the motor, so as to provide electric energy for the vehicle in the deceleration and braking task mode.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The task manager includes a battery management system, which is electrically connected to the first battery cell and the second battery cell, and is used to detect state parameters of the first battery cell and the second battery cell, and control the power range of input and output electrical energy of the first battery cell and the second battery cell according to the state parameters.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The battery pack also includes a task bus, the first battery cell and the second battery cell are connected in parallel to the task bus, the task bus is used to receive control instructions from the task manager and transmit them to the first battery cell and the second battery cell, the control instructions are used to selectively activate the first battery cell or the second battery cell to output electrical energy within the first power range or the second power range, and the control instructions correspond to different operating states of the load.

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the power level of the first battery unit is greater than a first threshold, the task manager is used to output the control instruction, where the control instruction is used to activate the first battery unit to provide power to the load.

5. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the power level of the first battery unit is lower than a second threshold, the task manager is used to output the control instruction, and the control instruction is used to shut down the first battery unit to stop outputting power, and activate the second battery unit to provide power for the current load.

6. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the power level of the first battery cell is less than a first threshold and greater than a second threshold, the task manager is used to output the control instruction, and the control instruction is used to activate the first battery cell and the second battery cell, and the first battery cell and the second battery cell simultaneously provide electrical energy to the load, and the first threshold is greater than the second threshold.

7. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The first battery unit includes at least one sub-main package, the sub-main package includes at least one first battery cell, the first battery cell has a first energy density and a first power density, the second battery cell has a second energy density, the first energy density is greater than the second energy density, and the first power density is less than the second power density.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first power range is 10-20KW, the second power range is 50-100KW, or, The first energy range is 50-100 KWh, and the second energy range is 10-30 KWh.

9. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The capacity of the second battery cell in the second battery unit is 30% of the capacity of the first battery cell in the first battery unit, The specific power of the second battery cell is 1.5 times the specific power of the first battery cell.

10. An automobile, characterized in that: The automobile comprises a battery pack as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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