A safe escape system and escape method for personnel in tunnel drilling and blasting construction

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and particularly relates to a safe escape system and method for personnel used in tunnel drilling and blasting construction. A safe escape system for personnel used in tunnel drilling and blasting construction includes a protective cover, an escape assembly, and a supply pipeline. The protective cover is located behind the tunnel drilling and blasting construction surface. The escape assembly includes a sliding track arranged along the tunnel extension direction. Multiple escape capsules are movably connected to the sliding track. The escape capsules are docked on the sliding track within the protective cover. An escape pedal is provided below the escape capsules. A buffer is provided at the lower portion of the sliding track near the tunnel exit. A rescue vehicle is provided on the side of the buffer near the tunnel exit. The supply pipeline is arranged parallel to the sliding track, and its end near the tunnel drilling and blasting construction surface is located within the protective cover. Through the escape capsule and supply pipeline, the present invention ensures the personal safety of construction personnel and facilitates the smooth escape of trapped personnel in the event of an accident in front of or behind the tunnel face during tunnel drilling and blasting construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and in particular relates to a personnel safety escape system and escape method for tunnel drilling and blasting construction. Background Art

[0002] Tunnels are a common form of road traffic. During tunnel construction, landslides, water inrush, mud gushing, rock bursts and flying rocks disasters may occur occasionally, which will seriously threaten the lives and safety of on-site construction workers.

[0003] At present, during tunnel construction, only a circular steel pipe with a length of 3 to 5 meters and a diameter of about 0.8 meters is placed behind the face for a long time to assist personnel in escaping. The following problems exist during disaster escape: (1) After a landslide occurs in the area in front of the face, the construction personnel and the escape steel pipe are quickly buried at the same time, making it difficult to form an effective rescue mechanism. (2) After a collapse occurs in the area behind the face, the on-site construction personnel will be trapped and their lives will be difficult to guarantee due to a long period of lack of water, oxygen and food. (3) After a sudden water or mud burst occurs on site, the construction personnel and the escape pipe will be submerged, and the rescue effect of the escape pipe is not obvious. (4) When a rock burst and flying rock disaster occurs on the face, the personnel will be threatened by the impact of flying rocks throughout the escape process, and the escape steel pipe is difficult to quickly avoid and escape.

[0004] Chinese patent CN103867227B discloses a "Personnel Escape Passage Structure for Highway Tunnels." This invention sets a longitudinal escape passage in a shield-bored Jiangdi highway tunnel. In the event of a fire, personnel can quickly walk to the emergency exit, easily and simply open the emergency exit, slide down the sliding ramp to the bottom of the roadway, and leave the tunnel through the escape passage. Its essence is to use the space below the road surface in the tunnel to build a longitudinal escape passage. Each tunnel must be built separately, which is a large project and cannot be reused. Moreover, it is only for escape in the event of a fire in a shield-bored Jiangdi highway tunnel and cannot meet the needs of landslides, water inrush, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a safe escape system and method for personnel used in tunnel drilling and blasting construction, so as to ensure the personal safety of construction personnel and ensure the smooth escape of trapped personnel when an accident occurs in front of or behind the tunnel face during tunnel drilling and blasting construction.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a safe escape system for personnel used in tunnel drilling and blasting construction, comprising a protective cover, an escape component, and a supply pipeline. The protective cover is located behind the tunnel drilling and blasting construction surface. The escape component includes a sliding track arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel. A plurality of brackets are provided below the sliding track. The end of the sliding track close to the tunnel drilling and blasting construction is located inside the protective cover. A plurality of escape capsules are movably connected to the sliding track. The escape capsules are docked on the sliding track in the protective cover. An escape pedal is provided below the escape capsule. A buffer is provided at the lower part of the end of the sliding track close to the tunnel exit. A rescue vehicle is provided on the side of the buffer close to the tunnel exit. The supply pipeline is arranged parallel to the sliding track, and its end close to the tunnel drilling and blasting construction surface is located inside the protective cover.

[0007] The protective cover is a rectangular frame structure, including a mobile base, and multiple groups of vertical splicing rods are fixedly connected to the four corners of the mobile base. A baffle is provided on the vertical splicing rod at one end of the protective cover close to the tunnel drilling and blasting construction. The tops of the vertical splicing rods on both sides of the baffle are fixedly connected with top overlapping rods, and the baffle is fixedly connected to the vertical splicing rods by fixing pins.

[0008] Sockets are respectively provided at the four corners of the upper part of the mobile base, splicing rod fixing holes are respectively provided on the outer side of the sockets, splicing rod fixing bolts are respectively provided in the splicing rod fixing holes, and multiple groups of fixing components are provided on the frame of the mobile base, and the fixing components include a U-shaped fixing frame, a horizontal bolt hole is provided on the upper part of the U-shaped fixing frame, a horizontal fixing bolt is provided in the horizontal bolt hole, and vertical fixing holes are respectively provided on both sides of the lower part of the U-shaped fixing frame, and vertical fixing bolts are provided in the vertical fixing holes.

[0009] The sliding track is dumbbell-shaped and includes two roller grooves, pulleys are provided in the roller grooves, and a wheel axle is connected between the pulleys. A rubber brake pad is provided at the contact point between the end of the roller groove and the outer surface of the wheel axle. A fixing block is provided at the top of the roller groove, and a connecting bolt is provided between the two fixing blocks. A fixing bolt is provided at the end of the connecting bolt, and a supply pipe bracket is provided on the side of the roller groove.

[0010] The wheel axle is provided with a sleeve and a wheel axle driven gear, the lower part of the sleeve is fixedly connected to a boom, the lower part of the boom is fixedly connected to an escape capsule shell, a seat and an emergency material box are provided at the bottom of the escape capsule shell, a capsule driving gear is provided on the outside of the escape capsule shell just below the wheel axle driven gear, a transmission chain is provided between the wheel axle driven gear and the capsule driving gear, and the capsule driving gear is connected to a rocker on the inside of the escape capsule shell.

[0011] A pin hole is provided on the wheel axle, a boom fixing bolt is provided in the pin hole, a boom plug is provided at the lower part of the boom, a boom socket is provided at the top of the escape capsule shell, a boom fixing pin is provided on the side of the boom socket, the boom plug is plugged into the boom socket, and escape capsule anti-collision layers are provided on both sides of the escape capsule shell.

[0012] The escape pedal includes two side panels and multiple groups of pedals arranged between the side panels.

[0013] The bracket includes a bracket base plate, a hydraulic jack is provided on the upper part of the bracket base plate, a segmented clamp is provided on the top telescopic end of the hydraulic jack, a column segment is connected to the segmented clamp, a segmented clamping groove is provided at the bottom of the column segment, the segmented clamping groove is plugged into the segmented clamp, a plurality of track sockets are provided on the lower surface of the sliding track, the top of the column segment is plugged into the track socket, and a limit pin is provided on the side of the track socket.

[0014] A buffer base is provided at the lower part of the buffer, a buffer bracket socket is provided on the buffer base, a buffer bracket is fixedly connected to the buffer base, a bracket plug is provided at the bottom of the buffer bracket, two bracket hooks are provided on the side of the buffer bracket from top to bottom, and the bracket hook is "L"-shaped, a horizontal hanging plate is connected inside the bracket hook, the horizontal hanging plate is fixedly connected to the hydraulic shock absorber, the telescopic end of the hydraulic shock absorber is fixedly connected to the supporting plate, a buffer pad layer is provided on the outside of the supporting plate, a shock-absorbing spring is provided on the outside of the hydraulic shock absorber, one end of the shock-absorbing spring is connected to the horizontal hanging plate, and the other end is connected to the supporting plate.

[0015] A method for safe escape of personnel during tunnel drilling and blasting construction, using the above-mentioned safe escape system for personnel during tunnel drilling and blasting construction, comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: Install a drilling and blasting safety escape system on one side of the side wall behind the tunnel face. The protective cover of the drilling and blasting safety escape system is located below the primary support structure and on the upper step inside the tunnel. The buffer of the drilling and blasting safety escape system is located below the secondary lining structure and on the lower step inside the tunnel. After the installation of the drilling and blasting safety escape system, it will be debugged.

[0017] S2: During normal tunnel construction using the drilling and blasting method, the drilling and blasting personnel safety escape system moves forward in a circular motion as the tunnel face continues to extend. When collapse, water inrush, mud gushing, or rockburst occurs in front of the tunnel face, on-site construction personnel will immediately flee to the protective cover upon discovering the signs of the accident. After entering the escape capsule via the escape pedal, they will successively use the escape capsule to escape to the rear secondary lining structure area using the sliding track and be transported to the safe area outside the tunnel by a rescue vehicle. When a collapse or roof collapse accident occurs behind the tunnel face, on-site construction personnel will immediately flee to the protective cover upon discovering the signs of the accident. Rescuers in the safe area of ​​the rear secondary lining structure can deliver drinking water and fresh air to the trapped people through supply pipes. The trapped people can eat the food in the escape capsule while waiting for the rescuers to open a life passage and carry out rescue.

[0018] The technical effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention arranges a rubber brake pad at the contact position between the end of the roller groove and the wheel axle to reduce the impact energy by rubbing the wheel axle; at the same time, a buffer is arranged at the end of the sliding track, which can effectively buffer the braking process of the escape capsule and prevent personnel from being impacted during the braking process; 2. The present invention installs the supply pipe in the supply pipe bracket in parallel along the sliding track, without the need for separate installation, saving space and realizing the supply of drinking water and fresh air in the protective cover; 3. The protective cover of the present invention is located on the upper step in the tunnel and the buffer is located on the lower step in the tunnel. A height difference is formed at both ends of the sliding track installed between the protective cover and the buffer. During the movement of the escape capsule on the sliding track, the escape capsule can fully utilize the gravitational potential energy to quickly escape to the secondary lining structure area; 4. The present invention adopts the cabin driving gear and the wheel axle driven gear on the outside of the escape capsule shell to realize transmission through a transmission chain, and the escape personnel operate it through a rocker in the escape capsule shell. It is a fully mechanical structure, does not rely on electricity, minimizes the impact of disasters and accidents on the system power, and is simple and efficient.

[0019] The following is a further description with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a personnel safety escape system for tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the protective cover assembly structure of a personnel safety escape system for tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a mobile base for a personnel safety escape system for tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4The present invention is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a sliding track of a personnel safety escape system for tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of an escape capsule structure of a personnel safety escape system for tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the sleeve and axle assembly structure of a personnel safety escape system for tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of an escape capsule of a personnel safety escape system for tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic diagram of an escape pedal structure of a personnel safety escape system for tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a support base plate structure of a personnel safety escape system for tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between a bracket and a sliding track of a personnel safety escape system for tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a buffer base and bracket structure of a personnel safety escape system for tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 12 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a hydraulic shock absorber for a personnel safety escape system for tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Reference numerals: 1-protective cover; 2-sliding track; 3-escape cabin; 4-escape pedal; 5-bracket; 6-supply pipeline; 7-buffer; 8-rescue vehicle; 9-tunnel face; 10-primary support structure; 11-secondary lining structure; 12-lower step; 13-upper step; 14-tunnel; 101-vertical splicing rod; 102-mobile base; 103-baffle; 104-fixing pin; 105-top lap rod; 1021- U-shaped fixing bracket; 1022-horizontal fixing bolt; 1023-horizontal bolt hole; 1024-vertical fixing bolt; 1025-vertical fixing hole; 1026-socket; 1027-splicing rod fixing hole; 1028-splicing rod fixing bolt; 201-connecting bolt; 202-fixing block; 203-fixing nut; 204-roller groove; 205-rubber brake pad; 206-supply pipe bracket; 301-Pulley; 302-Axle; 303-Sleeve; 304-Board; 305-Axle driven gear; 306-Cabin driving gear; 307-Drive chain; 308-Rocker; 309-Escape pod shell; 3010-Seat; 3011-Emergency supply box; 3012-Board fixing bolt; 3013-Pin hole; 3014-Board plug; 3015-Board socket; 3016-Board fixing pin; 3017-Escape pod anti-collision layer; 401-Side panel; 402-pedal; 501-bracket base; 502-hydraulic jack; 503-segmented clamp; 504-column segment; 505-segmented slot; 506-track socket; 507-limiting pin; 701-buffer base; 702-buffer bracket; 703-bracket hook; 704-bracket plug; 705-horizontal hanging plate; 706-hydraulic shock absorber; 707-supporting plate; 708-buffer pad; 709-shock-absorbing spring; 710-buffer bracket socket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a safe escape system for personnel used in tunnel drilling and blasting construction includes a protective cover 1, an escape component, and a supply pipe 6. The protective cover 1 is located behind the tunnel drilling and blasting construction surface. The escape component includes a sliding track 2 arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel. A plurality of brackets 5 are provided below the sliding track 2. The end of the sliding track 2 close to the tunnel drilling and blasting construction is located inside the protective cover 1. A plurality of escape capsules 3 are movably connected to the sliding track 2. The escape capsules 3 are docked on the sliding track 2 in the protective cover 1. An escape pedal 4 is provided below the escape capsule 3. A buffer 7 is provided at the lower part of the end of the sliding track 2 close to the tunnel exit. A rescue vehicle 8 is provided on the side of the buffer 7 close to the tunnel exit. The supply pipe 6 is arranged parallel to the sliding track 2, and its end close to the tunnel drilling and blasting construction surface is located inside the protective cover 1.

[0035] During actual use, when collapse, water inrush, mud gushing, and rock burst construction disasters occur in front of the face, the on-site construction personnel will flee to the protective cover 1 as soon as they discover the signs of the accident. After entering the escape capsule 3 through the escape pedal 4, they will use the escape capsule 3 to escape to the rear secondary lining structure area with the help of the sliding track 2, and be sent to the safe area outside the tunnel by the rescue vehicle 8. A buffer 7 is set at the end of the sliding track 2, which can effectively buffer the braking process of the escape capsule and prevent personnel from being impacted during the braking process; when a collapse and roof collapse accident occurs behind the face, the on-site construction personnel will flee to the protective cover 1 as soon as they discover the signs of the accident. The rescue personnel in the safe area of ​​the rear secondary lining structure can supply drinking water and fresh air to the trapped people through the supply pipe 6. The trapped people can eat the food in the escape capsule and wait for the rescue personnel to open the life channel for rescue.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] Preferably, based on Example 1, in this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, preferably, the protective cover 1 is a rectangular frame structure, including a mobile base 102, and the four corners of the mobile base 102 are fixedly connected to multiple groups of vertical splicing rods 101. The vertical splicing rod 101 at one end of the protective cover 1 close to the tunnel drilling and blasting construction is provided with a baffle 103, and the tops of the vertical splicing rods 101 on both sides of the baffle 103 are fixedly connected with top lap rods 105, and the baffle 103 is fixedly connected to the vertical splicing rod 101 by a fixing pin 104.

[0038] During actual use, the protective cover 1 of the present invention is provided with a baffle 103 on the vertical splicing rod 101 at one end close to the tunnel drilling and blasting construction. When the on-site construction personnel first discover the signs of an accident, they escape into the protective cover 1 through the gap between the vertical splicing rods 101 on both sides of the baffle 103, which is quick and convenient. At the same time, the baffle 103 can effectively protect one end of the tunnel drilling and blasting construction.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] Preferably, based on Example 2, in this embodiment, Figure 3As shown, preferably, sockets 1026 are respectively provided at the four corners of the upper part of the mobile base 102, splicing rod fixing holes 1027 are provided on the outer side of the sockets 1026, and splicing rod fixing bolts 1028 are provided in the splicing rod fixing holes 1027. A plurality of fixing components are provided on the frame of the mobile base 102, and the fixing components include a U-shaped fixing frame 1021, a horizontal bolt hole 1023 is provided on the upper part of the U-shaped fixing frame 1021, a horizontal fixing bolt 1022 is provided in the horizontal bolt hole 1023, and vertical fixing holes 1025 are respectively provided on both sides of the lower part of the U-shaped fixing frame 1021, and vertical fixing bolts 1024 are provided in the vertical fixing holes 1025.

[0041] During actual use, the four corners of the upper part of the mobile base 102 of the present invention are respectively provided with sockets 1026, and the outside of the sockets 1026 is provided with splicing rod fixing holes 1027, and the splicing rod fixing holes 1027 are provided with splicing rod fixing bolts 1028. The vertical splicing rod 101 inserted into the socket 1026 is fixed by the splicing rod fixing bolts 1028. The present invention adopts multiple groups of fixing components to fix the mobile base 102, and the vertical fixing bolts 1024 are fastened to the ground to prevent shaking during use.

[0042] Example 4

[0043] Preferably, based on Example 1, in this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, preferably, the sliding track 2 is dumbbell-shaped, including two roller grooves 204, a pulley 301 is provided in the roller groove 204, a wheel axle 302 is connected between the pulleys 301, a rubber brake pad 205 is provided at the contact point between the end of the roller groove 204 and the outer surface of the wheel axle 302, a fixing block 202 is provided at the top of the roller groove 204, a connecting bolt 201 is provided between the two fixing blocks 202, a fixing bolt 203 is provided at the end of the connecting bolt 201, and a supply pipe bracket 206 is provided on the side of the roller groove 204.

[0044] During actual use, the present invention provides a rubber brake pad 205 at the contact point between the end of the roller groove 204 and the wheel axle 302. This reduces impact energy by rubbing against the wheel axle 302, achieving rapid braking and preventing personnel from being impacted during the braking process. A fixing block 202 is provided at the top of the roller groove 204. A connecting bolt 201 is provided between the two fixing blocks 202. A fixing bolt 203 is provided at the end of the connecting bolt 201. The connecting bolt 201 effectively controls the distance between the two roller grooves 204, ensuring that the two roller grooves 204 are installed on the same horizontal plane. The fixing bolt 203 is used to secure the two roller grooves 204 and ensure the connection stability of the sliding track 2.

[0045] Example 5

[0046] Preferably, based on Example 4, in this embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, preferably, a sleeve 303 and a wheel axle driven gear 305 are provided on the wheel axle 302, the lower part of the sleeve 303 is fixedly connected to a boom 304, the lower part of the boom 304 is fixedly connected to an escape capsule shell 309, a seat 3010 and an emergency material box 3011 are provided at the bottom of the escape capsule shell 309, a cabin driving gear 306 is provided on the outside of the escape capsule shell 309 just below the wheel axle driven gear 305, a transmission chain 307 is provided between the wheel axle driven gear 305 and the cabin driving gear 306, and the cabin driving gear 306 is connected to a rocker 308 on the inner side of the escape capsule shell 309.

[0047] In actual use, the present invention utilizes a drive gear 306 on the outside of the escape capsule shell 309 and a driven gear 305 on the axle, driven by a transmission chain 307. The escapee operates the system from within the escape capsule shell 309 using a joystick 308. This fully mechanical structure, independent of electricity, minimizes the impact of disasters on system power, resulting in a simple and efficient system. The emergency supply box 3011 contains ample food, oxygen masks, and life jackets to provide adequate support for emergency rescue efforts.

[0048] Example 6

[0049] Preferably, based on Example 1, in this embodiment, Figure 6 、 Figure 7 As shown, preferably, a pin hole 3013 is provided on the wheel axle 302, a boom fixing bolt 3012 is provided in the pin hole 3013, a boom plug 3014 is provided at the lower part of the boom 304, a boom socket 3015 is provided at the top of the escape capsule shell 309, a boom fixing pin 3016 is provided on the side of the boom socket 3015, the boom plug 3014 is plugged into the boom socket 3015, and an escape capsule anti-collision layer 3017 is provided on both sides of the escape capsule shell 309.

[0050] During actual use, the escape capsule shell 309 of the present invention is provided with an escape capsule anti-collision layer 3017 on both sides to prevent the escape capsules 3 from causing secondary collision damage between each other during the escape process.

[0051] Example 7

[0052] Preferably, based on Example 1, in this embodiment, Figure 8 As shown, preferably, the escape pedal 4 includes two side panels 401 and multiple groups of pedals 402 arranged between the side panels 401 .

[0053] During actual use, after the on-site construction personnel of the present invention find the signs of an accident for the first time and escape to the protective cover 1, they can enter the escape cabin 3 through multiple sets of pedals 402.

[0054] Example 8

[0055] Preferably, based on Example 1, in this embodiment, Figure 9 、 Figure 10 As shown, preferably, the bracket 5 includes a bracket base plate 501, a hydraulic jack 502 is provided on the upper part of the bracket base plate 501, a segmented clamp 503 is provided at the top telescopic end of the hydraulic jack 502, a column segment 504 is connected to the segmented clamp 503, a segmented clamping groove 505 is provided at the bottom of the column segment 504, the segmented clamping groove 505 is plugged into the segmented clamp 503, a plurality of track sockets 506 are provided on the lower surface of the sliding track 2, the top of the column segment 504 is plugged into the track socket 506, and a limit pin 507 is provided on the side of the track socket 506.

[0056] During actual use, the top telescopic end of the hydraulic jack 502 of the present invention is adjusted to facilitate height adjustment of the sliding track 2 , and the segmented card slot 505 is plugged into the segmented card head 503 to achieve rapid assembly of the bracket 5 .

[0057] Example 9

[0058] Preferably, based on Example 1, in this embodiment, Figure 11 、 Figure 12 As shown, preferably, a buffer base 701 is provided at the lower part of the buffer 7, a buffer bracket socket 710 is provided on the buffer base 701, a buffer bracket 702 is fixedly connected to the buffer base 701, a bracket plug 704 is provided at the bottom of the buffer bracket 702, and two bracket hooks 703 are provided on the side of the buffer bracket 702 from top to bottom, and the bracket hook 703 is "L"-shaped, and a horizontal hanging plate 705 is connected inside the bracket hook 703, and the horizontal hanging plate 705 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic shock absorber 706, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic shock absorber 706 is fixedly connected to a supporting plate 707, and a buffer pad layer 708 is provided on the outside of the supporting plate 707, and a shock-absorbing spring 709 is provided on the outside of the hydraulic shock absorber 706, and one end of the shock-absorbing spring 709 is connected to the horizontal hanging plate 705, and the other end is connected to the supporting plate 707.

[0059] During actual use, when the escape capsule 3 brakes, the escape capsule 3 contacts the supporting plate 707, the shock-absorbing spring 709 is compressed, and the hydraulic shock absorber 706 contracts at the same time, which can effectively cushion the braking process of the escape capsule 3 and prevent people from being impacted during the braking process; at the same time, a buffer pad layer 708 is provided on the outside of the supporting plate 707 to further reduce the impact between the escape capsule 3 and the supporting plate 707.

[0060] Example 10

[0061] Preferably, based on Example 1, in this embodiment, preferably, a method for safe escape of personnel for tunnel drilling and blasting construction uses the above-mentioned safe escape system for personnel for tunnel drilling and blasting construction, comprising the following steps:

[0062] S1: A drilling and blasting construction personnel safety escape system is installed on one side of the side wall behind the tunnel face 9 in the tunnel 14. The protective cover 1 of the drilling and blasting construction personnel safety escape system is located below the primary support structure 10 and on the upper step 13 in the tunnel 14. The buffer 7 of the drilling and blasting construction personnel safety escape system is located below the secondary lining structure 11 and on the lower step 12 in the tunnel 14. After the installation of the drilling and blasting construction personnel safety escape system is completed, it is debugged. The protective cover 1 is located on the upper step 13 in the tunnel 14, and the buffer 7 is located on the lower step 12 in the tunnel 14. A height difference is formed at both ends of the sliding track 2 erected between the protective cover 1 and the buffer 7. During the movement on the sliding track 2, the escape capsule 3 can fully utilize the gravitational potential energy to quickly escape to the secondary lining structure area;

[0063] S2: During normal tunnel construction using the drilling and blasting method, the drilling and blasting construction personnel safety escape system moves forward in a circular translation as the tunnel face 9 continues to extend. When a collapse, water inrush, mud gushing, or rock burst construction disaster occurs in front of the tunnel face 9, the on-site construction personnel immediately flee to the protective cover 1 upon discovering the signs of the accident, enter the escape capsule 3 through the escape pedal 4, and then use the escape capsule 3 to escape to the rear secondary lining structure 11 area with the help of the sliding track 2, and are then sent to the safe area outside the tunnel 14 by the rescue vehicle 8. When a collapse and roof fall accident occurs behind the tunnel face 9, the on-site construction personnel immediately flee to the protective cover 1 upon discovering the signs of the accident, and the rescue personnel in the safe area of ​​the rear secondary lining structure 11 can supply drinking water and fresh air to the trapped people through the supply pipe 6. The trapped people can eat the food in the escape capsule 3 and wait for the rescue personnel to open the life passage and carry out rescue.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel drilling and blasting construction personnel safety escape system, characterized by: The invention comprises a protective cover (1), an escape component, and a supply pipe (6). The protective cover (1) is located behind the tunnel drilling and blasting construction surface. The escape component comprises a sliding track (2) arranged along the tunnel extension direction. A plurality of brackets (5) are provided below the sliding track (2). An end of the sliding track (2) close to the tunnel drilling and blasting construction is located inside the protective cover (1). A plurality of escape capsules (3) are movably connected to the sliding track (2). The escape capsules (3) are docked on the sliding track (2) inside the protective cover (1). An escape pedal (4) is provided below the escape capsule (3). A buffer (7) is provided at the lower part of the end of the sliding track (2) close to the tunnel exit. The buffer (7) is close to the tunnel exit. A rescue vehicle (8) is provided on one side near the tunnel exit. The supply pipeline (6) is arranged parallel to the sliding track (2). The end thereof close to the tunnel drilling and blasting construction surface is located inside the protective cover (1). The protective cover (1) is a rectangular parallelepiped frame structure, comprising a mobile base (102). The four corners of the mobile base (102) are respectively fixedly connected to a plurality of groups of vertical splicing rods (101). A baffle (103) is provided on the vertical splicing rod (101) at the end of the protective cover (1) close to the tunnel drilling and blasting construction. The tops of the vertical splicing rods (101) on both sides of the baffle (103) are respectively fixedly connected to top lap rods (105). The baffle (103) is connected to the vertical splicing rods (101) by fixing pins (104). The splicing rod (101) is fixedly connected, and sockets (1026) are respectively provided at the four corners of the upper part of the mobile base (102), and the outer side of the socket (1026) is provided with a splicing rod fixing hole (1027), and the splicing rod fixing hole (1027) is provided with a splicing rod fixing bolt (1028), and the frame of the mobile base (102) is provided with multiple groups of fixing components, and the fixing components include a U-shaped fixing frame (1021), the upper part of the U-shaped fixing frame (1021) is provided with a horizontal bolt hole (1023), and the horizontal bolt hole (1023) is provided with a horizontal fixing bolt (1022), and the two sides of the lower part of the U-shaped fixing frame (1021) are respectively provided with vertical fixing holes (1025), and the vertical fixing holes (1026) are provided with the vertical fixing holes (1027). A vertical fixing bolt (1024) is provided in the straight fixing hole (1025). The sliding track (2) is dumbbell-shaped and includes two roller grooves (204). A pulley (301) is provided in the roller groove (204). A wheel axle (302) is connected between the pulleys (301). A rubber brake pad (205) is provided at the contact point between the end of the roller groove (204) and the outer surface of the wheel axle (302). A fixing block (202) is provided at the top of the roller groove (204). A connecting bolt (201) is provided between the two fixing blocks (202). A fixing bolt (203) is provided at the end of the connecting bolt (201). A supply pipe bracket (206) is provided on the side of the roller groove (204).

2. A tunnel drilling and blasting construction personnel safety escape system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel axle (302) is provided with a sleeve (303) and a wheel axle driven gear (305); the lower portion of the sleeve (303) is fixedly connected to a suspension rod (304); the lower portion of the suspension rod (304) is fixedly connected to an escape capsule shell (309); a seat (3010) and an emergency material box (3011) are provided at the bottom of the escape capsule shell (309); a capsule driving gear (306) is provided on the outside of the escape capsule shell (309) just below the wheel axle driven gear (305); a transmission chain (307) is provided between the wheel axle driven gear (305) and the capsule driving gear (306); and the capsule driving gear (306) is connected to a rocker (308) on the inside of the escape capsule shell (309).

3. A tunnel drilling and blasting construction personnel safety escape system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wheel axle (302) is provided with a pin hole (3013), a boom fixing bolt (3012) is provided in the pin hole (3013), a boom plug (3014) is provided at the lower portion of the boom (304), a boom socket (3015) is provided at the top of the escape capsule shell (309), a boom fixing pin (3016) is provided on the side of the boom socket (3015), the boom plug (3014) is plugged into the boom socket (3015), and escape capsule anti-collision layers (3017) are provided on both sides of the escape capsule shell (309).

4. The personnel escape system for tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The escape pedal (4) comprises two side panels (401) and a plurality of groups of pedals (402) arranged between the side panels (401).

5. The personnel escape system for tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (5) includes a bracket base plate (501), a hydraulic jack (502) is provided on the upper part of the bracket base plate (501), a segmented clamp (503) is provided at the top telescopic end of the hydraulic jack (502), a column segment (504) is connected to the segmented clamp (503), a segmented clamping groove (505) is provided at the bottom of the column segment (504), the segmented clamping groove (505) is plugged into the segmented clamp (503), a plurality of track sockets (506) are provided on the lower surface of the sliding track (2), the top of the column segment (504) is plugged into the track socket (506), and a limiting pin (507) is provided on the side of the track socket (506).

6. The personnel escape system for tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer (7) is provided with a buffer base (701) at the bottom, a buffer bracket socket (710) is provided on the buffer base (701), a buffer bracket (702) is fixedly connected to the buffer base (701), a bracket plug (704) is provided at the bottom of the buffer bracket (702), two bracket hooks (703) are provided on the side of the buffer bracket (702) from top to bottom, the bracket hook (703) is "L"-shaped, a horizontal hanging plate (705) is connected inside the bracket hook (703), the horizontal hanging plate (705) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic shock absorber (706), the telescopic end of the hydraulic shock absorber (706) is fixedly connected to a supporting plate (707), a buffer cushion layer (708) is provided on the outside of the supporting plate (707), and a shock absorbing spring (709) is provided on the outside of the hydraulic shock absorber (706), one end of the shock absorbing spring (709) is connected to the horizontal hanging plate (705), and the other end is connected to the supporting plate (707).

7. A method for safe escape of tunnel construction personnel using the tunnel drilling and blasting method, using the safe escape system for tunnel construction personnel using the tunnel drilling and blasting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: A drilling and blasting construction personnel safety escape system is installed on one side of the side wall behind the tunnel face (9) in the tunnel (14). The protective cover (1) of the drilling and blasting construction personnel safety escape system is located below the primary support structure (10) and on the upper step (13) in the tunnel (14). The buffer (7) of the drilling and blasting construction personnel safety escape system is located below the secondary lining structure (11) and on the lower step (12) in the tunnel (14). After the drilling and blasting construction personnel safety escape system is installed, it is debugged; S2: During normal tunnel construction using the drilling and blasting method, the drilling and blasting construction personnel safety escape system moves forward in a circular motion as the tunnel face (9) continues to extend. When a collapse, water inrush, mud gushing, or rock burst construction disaster occurs in front of the tunnel face (9), the on-site construction personnel immediately escape to the protective cover (1) upon discovering the signs of the accident, enter the escape capsule (3) via the escape pedal (4), and then use the escape capsule (3) to escape to the rear secondary lining structure (11) area with the help of the sliding track (2), and are then sent to the safe area outside the tunnel (14) by the rescue vehicle (8). When a collapse and roof collapse accident occurs behind the tunnel face (9), the on-site construction personnel immediately escape to the protective cover (1) upon discovering the signs of the accident, and the rescue personnel in the safe area of ​​the rear secondary lining structure (11) can deliver drinking water and fresh air to the trapped people through the supply pipe (6). The trapped people can eat the food inside the escape capsule (3) and wait for the rescue personnel to open the life passage and carry out the rescue.

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