Reflective antenna structure

Abstract

A reflective antenna structure includes a penetrating antenna and a magnetically guided reflective module. The magnetically guided reflective module is disposed next to the penetrating antenna, and the orthographic projection of the penetrating antenna onto the plane containing the magnetically guided reflective module overlaps with the magnetically guided reflective module, wherein the reflection phase difference of the magnetically guided reflective module is between -90 degrees and +90 degrees.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to an antenna structure, and more particularly to a reflector antenna structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to the beam concentration and poor diffraction efficiency at high frequency, the signal coverage range of the fifth generation millimeter wave mobile communication is easily attenuated by the shielding of urban buildings, resulting in poor reception for users. In order to increase the coverage area without increasing the base station, a signal relay station or a movable platform composed of a reflector antenna structure is used to reflect the received millimeter wave signal to the signal blind area, thereby improving the communication quality.

[0003] In the known reflector antenna structure composed of a penetrating antenna and a metal plate, the metal plate is used to reflect the electromagnetic waves passing through the penetrating antenna. Part of the electromagnetic waves will be reflected by the metal plate after passing through the penetrating antenna, and part of the electromagnetic waves will be directly reflected by the metal of the penetrating antenna without passing through the penetrating antenna. In order to make the electromagnetic waves reflected by the reflector antenna structure have greater radiation intensity, the electromagnetic waves reflected by the metal plate and the electromagnetic waves reflected by the metal of the penetrating antenna should not destructively interfere with each other due to the opposite phase. In other words, if the electromagnetic waves reflected by the metal plate and the electromagnetic waves reflected by the penetrating antenna can constructively interfere (that is, the reflection phase difference is preferably controlled to be an integer multiple of 360 degrees, that is, an integer multiple of wavelength difference. The lowest constructive phase difference is 360 degrees, one wavelength), a better radiation intensity can be provided.

[0004] Since the reflection phase difference of the metal plate itself is about 180 degrees (that is, the phase difference of the electromagnetic waves before and after reflection is 0.5 times the wavelength), if the distance between the penetrating antenna and the metal plate is controlled to be 0.25 times the wavelength, the distance traveled back and forth between the penetrating antenna and the metal plate by the electromagnetic waves reflected by the metal plate will be twice the distance between the penetrating antenna and the metal plate, that is, 0.5 times the wavelength. In this way, the sum of the reflection phase difference of the metal plate itself (0.5 times the wavelength) and the phase difference of the electromagnetic waves caused by the distance between the penetrating antenna and the metal plate (0.5 times the wavelength) can reach 360 degrees (1 times the wavelength), so that the electromagnetic waves reflected by the metal plate and the electromagnetic waves reflected by the penetrating antenna can form constructive interference.

[0005] However, such an approach makes the distance between the known penetrating antenna and the metal plate larger, and in the case of oblique incidence of electromagnetic waves, it is difficult to achieve constructive interference, resulting in smaller radiation intensity of the reflection. SUMMARY

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a reflector antenna structure with a smaller overall thickness and better radiation intensity under both perpendicular incidence and oblique incidence.

[0007] A reflective antenna structure includes a penetrating antenna and a magnetic conducting reflective module. The magnetic conducting reflective module is disposed beside the penetrating antenna, and a normal projection of the penetrating antenna on a plane where the magnetic conducting reflective module is located overlaps the magnetic conducting reflective module, wherein a reflection phase difference of the magnetic conducting reflective module is between -90 degrees and +90 degrees.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present application, the magnetic conducting reflective module includes a first substrate, a plurality of first metal patches, a first ground layer, and a plurality of first vias. The first substrate includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The first surface faces the penetrating antenna. The first metal patches are arranged on the first surface. The first ground layer is disposed on the second surface. The first vias are disposed between the first metal patches and the first ground layer, and connect the first metal patches to the first ground layer.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present application, a diameter of each of the first metal patches is between 1 mm and 2 mm. A distance between two adjacent first metal patches is between 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present application, a length of each of the first vias is between 0.5 mm and 1 mm. A diameter of each of the first vias is between 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, a shape of each of the first metal patches is polygonal or circular.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, a distance between the magnetic conducting reflective module and the penetrating antenna is between 0.6 mm and 1.2 mm.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present application, the reflective antenna structure is used to reflect electromagnetic waves of a frequency band. The distance between the magnetic conducting reflective module and the penetrating antenna is between 0.05 times and 0.1 times of a wavelength of the frequency band.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present application, the penetrating antenna includes a second substrate, a third substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the second substrate and the third substrate, a first electrode layer disposed on the second substrate, and a second electrode layer disposed on the third substrate.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned penetrating antenna further comprises a fourth substrate, a fifth substrate, a second ground layer, a second metal patch, and a third metal patch. The fourth substrate comprises a third surface and a fourth surface opposite to each other. The fifth substrate comprises a fifth surface and a sixth surface opposite to each other. The fourth surface faces the fifth surface. The second ground layer is disposed between the fourth surface and the fifth surface. The second metal patch is disposed on the third surface. The third metal patch is disposed on the sixth surface. The second ground layer comprises a hole corresponding to the second metal patch and the third metal patch.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned penetrating antenna further comprises a second via hole penetrating through the fourth substrate and the fifth substrate to connect the second metal patch and the third metal patch. The second via hole is separated from the second ground layer by the hole.

[0017] Based on the above, the magnetic permeable reflection module of the above-mentioned reflective antenna structure is disposed beside the penetrating antenna. The normal projection of the penetrating antenna on the plane where the magnetic permeable reflection module is located overlaps the magnetic permeable reflection module. Since the ideal resonance reflection phase difference of the magnetic permeable reflection module is 0 degree. The reflection phase difference between the electromagnetic wave reflected by the magnetic permeable reflection module and the electromagnetic wave reflected by the penetrating antenna is small. Compared with the prior art using a metal plate (phase difference of 180 degrees) for reflection, the reflective antenna structure of the present application uses a magnetic permeable reflection module, which does not need to consider the distance between the penetrating antenna and the magnetic permeable reflection module for phase compensation, so that the distance between the penetrating antenna and the magnetic permeable reflection module can be greatly shortened. Therefore, the overall thickness of the reflective antenna structure is reduced. In addition, since the distance between the penetrating antenna and the magnetic permeable reflection module is relatively small, even if the electromagnetic wave is obliquely incident, the travel distance between the penetrating antenna and the magnetic permeable reflection module will be small, and the influence on the overall constructive interference will be small, and the oblique incidence can have better performance. The magnetic permeable reflection module actually used can not be limited to selecting a reflection phase difference of 0 degree at the resonance frequency. The reflection phase difference can be between -90 degrees and +90 degrees. The reflected beam and the incident beam can still effectively constructively interfere. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a reflective antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view along the A-A line of Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 3 is a field pattern diagram of the beam intensity of the reflective antenna structure of Figure 1 and a prior art reflective antenna structure.

[0021] Figure 4is a cross-sectional schematic view of a reflective antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a reflective antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Reference signs are as follows:

[0024] D1, D2: diameter

[0025] L: length

[0026] X1, X2: distance

[0027] 100, 100a, 100b: reflective antenna structure

[0028] 110, 110a, 110b: penetrating antenna

[0029] 111: second substrate

[0030] 112: first electrode layer

[0031] 113: third substrate

[0032] 114: second electrode layer

[0033] 115: liquid crystal layer

[0034] 117: fourth substrate

[0035] 118: third surface

[0036] 119: fourth surface

[0037] 120: fifth substrate

[0038] 121: fifth surface

[0039] 122: sixth surface

[0040] 123: second ground layer

[0041] 124: hole

[0042] 125: second metal patch

[0043] 126: third metal patch

[0044] 127: second via hole

[0045] 130: magnetic conductive reflective module

[0046] 131: first substrate

[0047] 132: first surface

[0048] 133: second surface

[0049] 134: first metal patch

[0050] 135: first ground layer

[0051] 136: first via hole DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a reflective antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view along the A-A line of Figure 1 . It is noted that in Figure 1 , the first substrate 131 of the magnetically permeable reflective module 130 is shown in dashed lines in order to show the metal portion of the magnetically permeable reflective module 130.

[0053] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the reflective antenna structure 100 of the present embodiment is used to reflect electromagnetic waves from a signal transmitting source (not shown, for example, a 5G antenna) to a user (not shown). The reflective antenna structure 100 of the present embodiment includes a penetrating antenna 110 and a magnetically permeable reflective module 130. The magnetically permeable reflective module 130 is disposed beside the penetrating antenna 110, and the penetrating antenna 110 overlaps the magnetically permeable reflective module 130 in the normal projection of the plane where the magnetically permeable reflective module 130 is located.

[0054] Electromagnetic waves will be emitted from Figure 1 and Figure 2 the right side of the reflective antenna structure 100, part of the electromagnetic waves will first pass through the penetrating antenna 110 and then be reflected by the magnetically permeable reflective module 130, and then pass through the penetrating antenna 110 and exit the reflective antenna structure 100. Another part of the electromagnetic waves will be directly reflected by the metal portion of the penetrating antenna 110 without passing through the penetrating antenna 110. This part of the electromagnetic waves directly reflected by the metal portion of the penetrating antenna 110 does not have the effect of angle adjustment because it does not pass through the modulation of the liquid crystal layer 115. Figure 2 The following will mainly be described with respect to the electromagnetic waves that pass through the penetrating antenna 110, are modulated by the liquid crystal layer 115, and are reflected by the magnetically permeable reflective module 130.

[0055] The reflective antenna structure 100 of the present embodiment uses the magnetically permeable reflective module 130 to reflect electromagnetic waves. Because the operable reflection phase difference of the magnetically permeable reflective module 130 is between -90 degrees and +90 degrees (the ideal value is 0 degrees), compared with the conventional reflection using a metal plate (the reflection phase difference is about 180 degrees), the reflective antenna structure 100 of the present embodiment can have better reflection performance and smaller overall thickness, which will be described below.

[0056] In this embodiment, the magnetically conductive reflective module 130 is, for example, an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC). Specifically, the magnetically conductive reflective module 130 includes a first substrate 131, a plurality of first metal patches 134, a first ground layer 135, and a plurality of first vias 136.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, the first substrate 131 includes a first surface 132 and a second surface 133 facing each other. The first surface 132 faces the penetrating antenna 110, and the first metal patches 134 are arrayed on the first surface 132. The shape of the first metal patches 134 is, for example, circular, but in other embodiments, the shape of the first metal patches 134 is, for example, polygonal. A first ground layer 135 is disposed on the second surface 133, and the first vias 136 are located between the metal patches and the ground plane, and conduct the first metal patches 134 to the first ground layer 135.

[0058] The magnetically guided reflector module 130, through the aforementioned structure, can form an equivalent capacitance and inductance resonance within a specific frequency range. In this embodiment, the phase value of the magnetically guided reflector module 130 at the resonant frequency is 0, meaning the phase difference of the reflected wave is 0 degrees. In other words, the magnetically guided reflector module 130 of this embodiment has the characteristic of zero reflection phase at the resonant frequency. The phase of the reflected wave after the electromagnetic wave is reflected by the magnetically guided reflector module 130 remains unchanged. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave reflected by the magnetically guided reflector module 130 and then passing through the penetrating antenna 110, and the electromagnetic wave directly reflected by the penetrating antenna 110 without passing through it, can maintain the same phase and form constructive interference with each other.

[0059] Therefore, in this embodiment, the distance between the magnetic reflective module 130 and the penetrating antenna 110 does not need to take phase compensation into account, which allows the distance between the magnetic reflective module 130 and the penetrating antenna 110 to be greatly shortened, thereby reducing the overall thickness of the reflective antenna structure 100.

[0060] The reflective antenna structure 100 is used to reflect electromagnetic waves in a frequency band. The distance X1 between the magnetic conductive reflecting module 130 and the penetrating antenna 110 is, for example, between 0.05 times and 0.1 times the wavelength of the frequency band. In the present embodiment, the frequency band is, for example, 24 GHz to 28 GHz, but the frequency band range is not limited thereto. In the frequency band, the distance X1 between the magnetic conductive reflecting module 130 and the penetrating antenna 110 is between 0.6 mm and 1.2 mm. Compared with the distance between a known metal plate and a penetrating antenna, which is 0.25 times the wavelength of the corresponding frequency band, the distance X1 between the magnetic conductive reflecting module 130 and the penetrating antenna 110 in the present embodiment is considerably small.

[0061] Therefore, even if the electromagnetic waves are obliquely incident (i.e., not vertically incident on the penetrating antenna 110), since the distance between the magnetic conductive reflecting module 130 and the penetrating antenna 110 can be considerably small, even if the obliquely incident electromagnetic waves travel a longer path between the magnetic conductive reflecting module 130 and the penetrating antenna 110 than the vertically incident electromagnetic waves, the travel path of the obliquely incident electromagnetic waves between the magnetic conductive reflecting module 130 and the penetrating antenna 110 is still small, and the overall constructive interference is not greatly affected.

[0062] For example, if the distance X1 between the magnetic conductive reflecting module 130 and the penetrating antenna 110 is 0.1 times the wavelength, in the case of 60-degree oblique incidence, the total path traveled by the obliquely incident electromagnetic waves between the magnetic conductive reflecting module 130 and the penetrating antenna 110 is 0.2 times the wavelength. That is, the phase difference between the electromagnetic waves that pass through the penetrating antenna 110 after being reflected by the magnetic conductive reflecting module 130 and the electromagnetic waves that are directly reflected by the penetrating antenna 110 without passing through the penetrating antenna 110 is about 72 degrees, and partial constructive interference can still be achieved. In contrast, if a metal plate is used for reflection in this case, the phase difference between the two electromagnetic waves is about 180 degrees, and destructive interference is formed. The reflective antenna structure 100 of the present embodiment still has the characteristic of partial constructive interference in the case of oblique incidence of electromagnetic waves, and thus the reflective antenna structure 100 of the present embodiment still has a better reflection intensity for obliquely incident electromagnetic waves.

[0063] In addition, in the present embodiment, if the frequency band reflected by the reflective antenna structure 100 is between 24 GHz and 28 GHz, the diameter D1 of each first metal patch 134 is between 1 mm and 2 mm, and the distance X2 between adjacent two of the first metal patches 134 is between 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm. The length L of each first through hole 136 is between 0.5 mm and 1 mm, and the diameter D2 of each first through hole 136 is between 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm. Of course, the above parameters are not limited to the above ranges.

[0064] It is to be noted that the magnetic conductive reflecting module 130 in the present embodiment is only one of the ways to reflect the phase difference between -90 degrees and +90 degrees (for example, the reflected phase difference is 0). The form of the magnetic conductive reflecting module 130 is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the reflected phase of the magnetic conductive reflecting module 130 can also be 10 degrees or -10 degrees, or other degrees, as long as it is between -90 degrees and +90 degrees.

[0065] In addition, in the present embodiment, the penetrating antenna 110 is a liquid crystal antenna in an array form. As shown in Figure 2 The penetrating antenna 110 includes a second substrate 111, a third substrate 113, a liquid crystal layer 115 disposed between the second substrate 111 and the third substrate 113, a first electrode layer 112 disposed on the second substrate 111, and a second electrode layer 114 disposed on the third substrate 113.

[0066] The penetrating antenna 110 in the present embodiment can form an equivalent capacitance and inductance resonance loop by using the liquid crystal layer 115 and the electrode patterns of the first electrode layer 112 and the second electrode layer 114 between the second substrate 111 and the third substrate 113. By changing the bias voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 115 to change the dielectric value of the liquid crystal layer 115, the equivalent capacitance value is affected to change the resonance frequency and the radiation intensity at a specific operating frequency. Since the penetrating antenna 110 in the present embodiment is in an array form, each of the array can individually control the switch to apply the bias voltage, thereby forming different interference fringes, changing the overall beam angle, and achieving the modulation of the radiation intensity of the electromagnetic wave.

[0067] Therefore, the reflecting antenna structure 100 in the present embodiment, in combination with the penetrating antenna 110 formed by the liquid crystal antenna in an array form and the magnetic conductive reflecting module 130 with a reflected phase difference between -90 degrees and +90 degrees, can have good and better reflecting performance and smaller overall thickness.

[0068] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the reflecting antenna structure and the beam intensity field pattern of the known reflecting antenna structure. Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 is the electromagnetic wave obliquely incident at 60 degrees Figure 1 The simulation field pattern of the reflecting antenna structure 100 and the known reflecting antenna structure, which refers to the structure using a metal plate to reflect. In Figure 3 It is clear that the energy intensity of the electromagnetic wave reflected by the reflecting antenna structure 100 in the present embodiment is significantly better than that of the electromagnetic wave reflected by the known reflecting antenna structure.

[0069] Table 1 below is the electromagnetic wave obliquely incident at 60 degreesFigure 1 The simulation results of the reflective antenna structure 100 and a known reflective antenna structure are shown. The energy intensity of the electromagnetic wave beam (scanning beam) reflected by the known reflective antenna structure is about 32 nW / m2, while the energy intensity of the electromagnetic wave beam (scanning beam) reflected by the reflective antenna structure 100 of this embodiment is about 77 nW / m2, which is twice that of the present embodiment, thus exhibiting good performance.

[0070] Furthermore, in known reflective antenna structures, due to the large distance between the penetrating antenna and the metal plate, electromagnetic waves passing through the penetrating antenna are easily reflected multiple times between the penetrating antenna and the metal plate before exiting the penetrating antenna. This portion of energy cannot contribute to the scanning beam (the beam that is reflected by the metal plate and directly exits the penetrating antenna 110). In this embodiment, the distance between the penetrating antenna 110 and the magnetically guided reflective module 130 in the reflective antenna structure 100 is quite small. Therefore, electromagnetic waves passing through the penetrating antenna 110 are easily reflected by the magnetically guided reflective module 130 and exit the penetrating antenna 110, becoming the scanning beam.

[0071] therefore, Figure 1 The sum of the energy intensity of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the penetrating antenna 110 after multiple reflections between the penetrating antenna 110 and the magnetically conductive reflective module 130 is smaller than the sum of the energy intensity of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the penetrating antenna after direct reflection by the penetrating antenna and after multiple reflections between the penetrating antenna and the metal plate in a known reflective antenna structure. In other words, Figure 1 The reflective antenna structure 100 has a small amount of energy that cannot be contributed to the scanning beam, thus exhibiting better performance.

[0072] Furthermore, the reflective antenna structure 100 of this embodiment also exhibits superior signal-to-noise ratio performance. Additionally, because the distance between the penetrating antenna 110 and the magnetically conductive reflective module 130 in the reflective antenna structure 100 of this embodiment is quite small, the accuracy of the angle controlled by the electromagnetic wave is excellent, the angle error is small, and the overall thickness is relatively small.

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] Table 1

[0076] It is worth mentioning that the types of penetrating antennas with reflective antenna structures are not limited to beam-scanning array liquid crystal antennas. Other types of penetrating antennas with reflective antenna structures are introduced below.

[0077] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a reflective antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to...Figure 4 , Figure 4 The main difference between the reflective antenna structure 100a of Figure 2 The main difference between the reflective antenna structure 100a of In this embodiment, the penetrating antenna 110a is an array patch antenna. Specifically, the penetrating antenna 110a includes a fourth substrate 117, a fifth substrate 120, a second ground layer 123, a second metal patch 125, and a third metal patch 126. The fourth substrate 117 includes a third face 118 and a fourth face 119 opposite to each other, the fifth substrate 120 includes a fifth face 121 and a sixth face 122 opposite to each other, and the fourth face 119 faces the fifth face 121. The second ground layer 123 is disposed between the fourth face 119 and the fifth face 121, the second metal patch 125 is disposed on the third face 118, and the third metal patch 126 is disposed on the sixth face 122. The second ground layer 123 includes a hole 124 corresponding to the second metal patch 125 and the third metal patch 126.

[0078] In this embodiment, the penetrating antenna 110a is an array patch antenna. Specifically, the penetrating antenna 110a includes a fourth substrate 117, a fifth substrate 120, a second ground layer 123, a second metal patch 125, and a third metal patch 126. The fourth substrate 117 includes a third face 118 and a fourth face 119 opposite to each other, the fifth substrate 120 includes a fifth face 121 and a sixth face 122 opposite to each other, and the fourth face 119 faces the fifth face 121. The second ground layer 123 is disposed between the fourth face 119 and the fifth face 121, the second metal patch 125 is disposed on the third face 118, and the third metal patch 126 is disposed on the sixth face 122. The second ground layer 123 includes a hole 124 corresponding to the second metal patch 125 and the third metal patch 126.

[0079] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a reflective antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present application. Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The main difference between the penetrating antenna 110b of the reflective antenna structure 100b of Figure 4 The main difference between the penetrating antenna 110b of the reflective antenna structure 100b of In this embodiment, the penetrating antenna 110b further includes a second through hole 127 connecting the second metal patch 125 and the third metal patch 126 through the fourth substrate 117 and the fifth substrate 120, and the second through hole 127 is separated from the second ground layer 123 by the hole 124. That is, the second metal patch 125 and the third metal patch 126 on the two outer sides of the fourth substrate 117 and the fifth substrate 120 are coupled and energy is transferred through the second through hole 127.

[0080] In summary, the magnetic conducting type reflecting module of the reflecting antenna structure of the present application is arranged beside the penetrating antenna, and the normal projection of the penetrating antenna to the plane where the magnetic conducting type reflecting module is located overlaps the magnetic conducting type reflecting module. Since the ideal reflecting phase difference of the magnetic conducting type reflecting module is 0 degree, the operable phase difference range is between -90 degrees and +90 degrees, so that the reflecting phase difference of the electromagnetic wave reflected by the magnetic conducting type reflecting module and the electromagnetic wave of the penetrating antenna is smaller. Compared with the prior art using metal plate to reflect, the reflecting antenna structure of the present application uses the magnetic conducting type reflecting module, so that the distance between the penetrating antenna and the magnetic conducting type reflecting module can be greatly shortened without considering the phase compensation. Therefore, the overall thickness of the reflecting antenna structure is reduced. Furthermore, since the distance between the penetrating antenna and the magnetic conducting type reflecting module is relatively small, even if the electromagnetic wave is obliquely incident, the travel distance and the wave path difference between the penetrating antenna and the magnetic conducting type reflecting module are also small, so that the influence on the overall constructive interference is small, and the performance of oblique incidence is better.

Claims

1.A reflector antenna structure, comprising: a penetrating antenna; and a magnetic conducting reflector module disposed beside the penetrating antenna, a normal projection of the penetrating antenna to a plane where the magnetic conducting reflector module is located overlaps the magnetic conducting reflector module, wherein a reflection phase difference of the magnetic conducting reflector module is between -90 degrees and +90 degrees; wherein the penetrating antenna comprises a fourth substrate, a fifth substrate, a second ground layer, a second metal patch, and a third metal patch, the fourth substrate comprises a third face and a fourth face opposite to each other, the fifth substrate comprises a fifth face and a sixth face opposite to each other, the fourth face faces the fifth face, the second ground layer is disposed between the fourth face and the fifth face, the second metal patch is disposed on the third face, the third metal patch is disposed on the sixth face, and the second ground layer comprises a hole corresponding to the second metal patch and the third metal patch. 2.The reflector antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the magnetic conducting reflector module comprises a first substrate, a plurality of first metal patches, a first ground layer, and a plurality of first vias, the first substrate comprises a first face and a second face opposite to each other, the first face faces the penetrating antenna, the plurality of first metal patches are arrayed on the first face, the first ground layer is disposed on the second face, the plurality of first vias are between the plurality of first metal patches and the first ground layer, and the plurality of first vias conduct the plurality of first metal patches to the first ground layer. 3.The reflector antenna structure of claim 2, wherein a diameter of each of the first metal patches is between 1 mm and 2 mm, and a distance between two adjacent first metal patches is between 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm. 4.The reflector antenna structure of claim 2, wherein a length of each of the first vias is between 0.5 mm and 1 mm, and a diameter of each of the first vias is between 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm. 5.The reflector antenna structure of claim 2, wherein a shape of each of the first metal patches is polygonal or circular. 6.The reflector antenna structure of claim 1, wherein a distance between the magnetic conducting reflector module and the penetrating antenna is between 0.6 mm and 1.2 mm. 7.The reflector antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the reflector antenna structure is used to reflect electromagnetic waves of a frequency band, and the distance between the magnetic conducting reflector module and the penetrating antenna is between 0.05 times and 0.1 times of a wavelength of the frequency band. 8.The reflector antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the penetrating antenna comprises a second substrate, a third substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the second substrate and the third substrate, a first electrode layer disposed on the second substrate, and a second electrode layer disposed on the third substrate. 9.The reflector antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the penetrating antenna further comprises a second via penetrating through the fourth substrate and the fifth substrate to connect the second metal patch and the third metal patch, and the second via is separated from the second ground layer by the hole. ​

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