Cross-shaped five-way valve core structure and water valve

Abstract

The application discloses a cross-shaped five-way valve core structure and a water valve, which comprises a valve body, five flow-through holes arranged in a cross shape at the bottom end of the valve body, wherein the flow-through holes comprise a fifth flow-through hole in the middle and first, second, third and fourth flow-through holes arranged around the fifth flow-through hole; a valve seat arranged in the interior of the valve body and closely attached to the bottom of the valve body, wherein the valve seat is provided with through holes corresponding to the flow-through holes; a sealing gasket closely arranged between the valve body and the valve seat, wherein the sealing gasket is matched with the valve seat in shape; a valve core arranged in the interior of the valve body and closely attached to the valve seat, wherein the center of the valve core is coincident with the center of the valve body, and the end face of the valve core towards the valve seat is divided into a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity by a flow baffle, the first cavity is always connected with the fifth flow-through hole, and the second cavity and the third cavity are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the first cavity. The application has the advantages of simple structure and can solve the problems of large volume and large fluid resistance of the existing electronic water valve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water valves, specifically to a lightweight, intelligent, low-energy-consumption, fast-response, and high-precision cross-shaped five-way valve core structure and water valve. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, its thermal management system has become increasingly integrated and intelligent. Compared with traditional fuel vehicles, new energy vehicles have significantly different thermal management systems due to differences in drive type and energy architecture. New energy vehicle drive motors require high power and high speed, generating a large amount of heat during high-speed driving. If this heat is not dissipated in time, it will seriously affect the motor's performance and lifespan. To improve range, automakers often choose power batteries with high energy density and high discharge rate. However, excessively high energy density and discharge rate inevitably cause the battery to generate a large amount of heat during use. Overheating not only affects battery life but also easily leads to safety accidents. The thermal management system of new energy vehicles is relatively complex. Different operating systems have different temperature control requirements, resulting in varying coolant flow rates to each system. Therefore, new energy vehicles require an efficient thermal management system to ensure stable vehicle operation, and temperature control faces significant challenges. With increasingly stringent energy conservation and emission reduction policies, traditional automotive thermostats suffer from drawbacks such as "response delay" and "hysteresis characteristics," resulting in poor flowability and difficulty in accurately controlling flow rate, leading to low thermal management efficiency and failing to meet the high temperature control requirements of new energy vehicles. Therefore, the thermal management system of traditional cars is also being optimized. Some models now use electronic water valves to replace traditional thermostats for coolant regulation.

[0003] Electronic water valves are a new type of coolant flow regulating valve in the thermal management system of new energy vehicles. Their function and working principle are similar to the thermostat in traditional fuel vehicles. Their main function is to adaptively adjust the flow rate of coolant in each pipeline according to temperature changes in different operating parts, ensuring that the battery, motor, and other components operate at the optimal temperature environment, thereby achieving energy conservation, emission reduction, and improved energy utilization.

[0004] Currently, the structural design of electronic five-way water valves typically employs a column valve structure. The inlet and outlet channels are distributed on the sidewalls, and the valve core itself also has a flow channel. Rotating the valve core allows switching the flow channel, changing the flow direction, and adjusting the flow rate, thus achieving different valve modes. By designing the valve core and seat structure, proportional flow regulation can be achieved. However, because the outer flow channels are distributed on the sidewalls, and the inlet and outlet directions are vertical, the fluid needs to undergo multiple reversals when flowing through the valve core. This significantly increases the pressure drop, wastes energy, severely impacts the lifespan of the thermal management system and other components, and can even lead to safety accidents. Furthermore, the sidewall flow channels make the entire valve body bulky, hindering the miniaturization and weight reduction of the thermal management system and affecting the arrangement of other components and flow channels within the system. The large size also further affects the response time and adjustment accuracy of the flow regulation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a lightweight, intelligent, low-energy-consumption, fast-response, and high-precision cross-shaped five-way valve core structure and water valve. The structure is simple and can solve the problems of large size and high fluid resistance of existing electronic water valves.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a cross-shaped five-way valve core structure, comprising a valve body, wherein the bottom end of the valve body is provided with five flow holes arranged in a cross shape, the flow holes including a fifth flow hole located in the middle and a first flow hole, a second flow hole, a third flow hole, and a fourth flow hole arranged around the perimeter; a valve seat, disposed inside the valve body and tightly attached to the bottom of the valve body, the valve seat having through holes corresponding to the flow holes; a sealing gasket, the sealing gasket being tightly attached between the valve body and the valve seat, the shape of which matches the valve seat; and a valve core, disposed inside the valve body and tightly attached to the valve seat, the center of the valve core being aligned with the valve seat. The valve core is divided into a first cavity, a second cavity, and a third cavity by a baffle plate on its end face facing the valve seat. The flow between the flow holes is switched by rotating the valve core. The first cavity is always connected to the fifth flow hole. The second and third cavities are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first cavity. The second and third cavities are used to connect specific adjacent flow holes distributed circumferentially. The baffle plate at the junction of the second and third cavities can proportionally divide the flow of a specific channel at a specific angle. Due to the simple cavity structure, the pressure drop and flow loss of the fluid can be greatly reduced, the performance of the water valve can be improved, energy consumption can be reduced, and accuracy can be improved.

[0007] Preferably, the first central angle θ of the flow hole at the bottom of the valve body is 45°, the diameter of the flow hole is φ, the distance X between the center of the valve body and the center of the flow hole, and the thickness of the baffle plate is t, X = 1.3(φ+t). Under this condition, the volume of the entire valve body can be minimized.

[0008] Preferably, the first cavity is gourd-shaped, and the second and third cavities are fan-shaped. The fan-shaped second and third cavities can have a sufficiently large area and central angle. The gourd-shaped first cavity has smooth sidewalls and low flow resistance, ensuring that the valve core can keep the fifth flow hole and another specific flow hole connected in proportional mode.

[0009] Preferably, the second central angle α1 of the first cavity is 90°, and the third central angle α2 of the second cavity B and the fourth central angle α3 of the third cavity are both 135°.

[0010] Preferably, the fifth flow hole is set as a normally open hole, and the top of the first cavity is provided with a balance hole that communicates with the inner cavity of the valve body on the upper side of the valve core. When the water valve is working, the fluid will flow upward out of the balance hole under the action of hydraulic pressure and fill the interior of the valve body. This allows the upper and lower hydraulic pressure of the valve core to remain balanced when the water valve is working stably, ensuring that the valve core can fit tightly against the valve seat, thereby effectively preventing fluid leakage.

[0011] Preferably, the side wall corners of the first cavity, the second cavity, and the third cavity are all rounded corners, which can greatly reduce the pressure drop and flow loss of the fluid, improve the performance of the water valve, and reduce energy consumption.

[0012] Preferably, the corners where the top surface and sidewall of the first cavity, second cavity and third cavity meet are all rounded corners, which can greatly reduce the pressure drop and flow loss of the fluid, improve the performance of the water valve and reduce energy consumption.

[0013] Preferably, the valve seat has at least one limiting groove on its edge, which matches the corresponding protrusion inside the valve body, effectively preventing the valve seat from rotating and preventing misalignment between the valve seat and the flow hole of the valve body.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a water valve, including the cross-shaped five-way valve core structure as described in the first aspect.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The outer flow channels are arranged in a cross shape at the bottom of the valve body, reducing the valve body volume and achieving overall lightweighting of the water valve. This allows for more flexible arrangement of other components and flow channels in the thermal management system. The valve core and valve seat are more miniaturized, enabling switching between multiple different modes, which is beneficial for the integration of the thermal management system and facilitates the placement and installation of the water valve within it. Six different modes can be switched at specific angles, which is beneficial for the integration of the thermal management system and facilitates the placement and installation of the water valve within it. The valve has fewer bends in the internal flow channels, resulting in less fluid backflow, lower flow resistance and flow loss, lower pressure drop, and less energy loss. This leads to a faster response, quicker cooling, and improved vehicle safety. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is an exploded perspective view of the valve core structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the valve core of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the flow holes in this invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the parameters of the valve core and valve seat of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first working mode of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second working mode of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the third working mode of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth working mode of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth working mode of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth working mode of the present invention.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 1. Valve body, 2. Valve seat, 3. Valve core, a. First flow hole, b. Second flow hole, c. Third flow hole, d. Fourth flow hole, e. Fifth flow hole, f. Limiting groove, g. Baffle plate, A. First cavity, B. Second cavity, C. Third cavity, h. Balance hole, θ. First central angle, α1. Second central angle, α2. Third central angle, α3. Fourth central angle. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 1-10 As shown, this invention addresses the problems of large size and high fluid resistance in existing electronic water valves by providing the following technical solution: a cross-shaped five-way valve core structure, comprising a valve body 1, wherein the bottom end of the valve body 1 has five flow holes arranged in a cross shape, including a fifth flow hole e located in the middle and first flow holes a, second flow holes b, third flow holes c, and fourth flow holes d arranged around the perimeter; a valve seat 2, disposed inside the valve body 1 and tightly against the bottom of the valve body 1, the valve seat 2 having through holes corresponding to the flow holes; a sealing gasket 4, the sealing gasket 4 being tightly located between the valve body 1 and the valve seat 2, the shape of which matches the valve seat 2; and a valve core 3, disposed inside the valve body 1 and tightly against the valve seat 2. The center of the valve core 3 coincides with the center of the valve body 1. The end face of the valve core 3 facing the valve seat 2 is divided into a first cavity A, a second cavity B, and a third cavity C by a baffle plate g. The flow between the flow holes is switched by the rotation of the valve core 3. The first cavity A is always connected to the fifth flow hole e. The second cavity B and the third cavity C are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first cavity A. The second cavity B and the third cavity C are used to connect specific adjacent flow holes distributed in a circumferential direction. The baffle plate g at the junction of the second cavity B and the third cavity C can proportionally divide the flow of a specific flow channel at a specific angle. Due to the simple cavity structure, the pressure drop and flow loss of the fluid can be greatly reduced, the performance of the water valve can be improved, energy consumption can be reduced, and accuracy can be improved.

[0031] Specifically, the first cavity A is always connected to the fifth flow hole e, which is set as a normally open hole. The top of the first cavity A is provided with a balance hole h that communicates with the inner cavity of the valve body 1 on the upper side of the valve core 3. When the water valve is working, the fluid will flow upward out of the balance hole h under the action of hydraulic pressure, filling the interior of the valve body 1. This allows the upper and lower hydraulic pressure of the valve core 3 to remain balanced when the water valve is working stably, ensuring that the valve core 3 can fit tightly against the valve seat 2, thereby effectively preventing fluid leakage. The first cavity A is gourd-shaped, and the second cavity B and the third cavity C are both fan-shaped. The fan-shaped second cavity B and the third cavity C can have a sufficiently large area and central angle. The gourd-shaped first cavity A has smooth side walls and low flow resistance, ensuring that the valve core 3 can keep the fifth flow hole e and another specific flow hole connected in proportional mode.

[0032] The corners of the side walls of the first cavity A, the second cavity B, and the third cavity C are all rounded. Similarly, the corners between the top surface and the side wall of the first cavity A, the second cavity B, and the third cavity C are all rounded. When fluid enters the first cavity A, the second cavity B, and the third cavity C, it first impacts the top surface. The rounded corner transitions provide sufficient guidance and buffering, greatly reducing pressure drop and flow loss, improving the performance of the water valve, and reducing energy consumption.

[0033] According to the preset mode requirements, while meeting the requirements for flow orifice diameter and valve core thickness, the flow orifice has the most compact distribution, such as... Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the fifth flow hole e is located at the center of the valve seat 2, and the other four holes are evenly distributed in four orthogonal directions. Under the constraints of the preset mode, the central angle θ occupied by each flow hole satisfies θ≤45°. If the diameter of each flow hole is φ, then the distance x between the side flow hole and the center can be calculated as x≥(φ / 2) / sin(45° / 2)≈1.3φ. Under this condition, the volume of the entire valve body can be minimized. If the thickness t of the baffle plate of the valve core 3 is considered, then x≥1.3(φ+t). When x=1.3(φ+t), the volume of the entire valve body can be minimized.

[0034] Under the requirements of the preset mode, such as Figure 4 As shown, the second central angle α1 of the first cavity A is 90°, and the third central angle α2 of the second cavity B and the fourth central angle α3 of the third cavity C are both 135°.

[0035] The valve seat 2 is provided with at least one limiting groove f on its edge. The limiting groove f matches the corresponding protrusion structure inside the valve body 1, which can effectively prevent the valve seat 2 from rotating and prevent the valve seat 2 from being misaligned with the flow hole of the valve body 1.

[0036] This embodiment also includes a water valve, which uses the cross-shaped five-way valve core structure described above. In this embodiment, it has 6 modes, and the rotation angle of the valve core 3 is 0° to 235°. Initially, the valve core angle is at the 0° position, such as... Figure 5-10 As shown in Table 1 below:

[0037] Table 1: Working Mode Diagram

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] In the table, ce, de, ac, and bc mean that different flow holes are connected. For example, ce means that the third flow hole c and the fifth flow hole e are connected. Operating modes one to six correspond to the attached... Figure 5-10 .

[0041] When the water valve starts working, the valve core 3 rotates under the drive of the motor, connecting different flow channels to achieve the preset mode. The flowing medium flows in through the preset inlet flow channel. The flow direction and flow rate of different flow channels are adjusted by switching the flow channel mode of the valve core, and then flows out through the outlet flow channel, ultimately achieving the function of temperature regulation of the thermal management system.

[0042] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0043] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly and specifically defined.

[0044] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A cross-shaped five-way valve core structure, characterized in that, include: The valve body (1) has five flow holes arranged in a cross shape at the bottom end. The flow holes include the fifth flow hole (e) located in the middle and the first flow hole (a), second flow hole (b), third flow hole (c), and fourth flow hole (d) arranged around the perimeter. A valve seat (2) is disposed inside the valve body (1) and closely attached to the bottom of the valve body (1). The valve seat (2) is provided with a through hole corresponding to the flow hole. A sealing gasket (4) is located close to the valve body (1) and the valve seat (2), and its shape matches the valve seat (2). The valve core (3) is disposed inside the valve body (1) and closely attached to the valve seat (2). The center of the valve core (3) coincides with the center of the valve body (1). The end face of the valve core (3) facing the valve seat (2) is divided into a first cavity (A), a second cavity (B) and a third cavity (C) by a baffle plate (g). The flow between the flow holes is switched by the rotation of the valve core (3). The first cavity (A) is always connected to the fifth flow hole (e). The second cavity (B) and the third cavity (C) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first cavity (A). The first central angle θ of the flow hole occupying the bottom position of the valve body (1) is 45°, the diameter of the flow hole is φ, the distance X between the center of the valve body (1) and the center of the flow hole, and the thickness of the baffle plate (g) is t, X = 1.3(φ+t); The first cavity (A) is gourd-shaped, and the second cavity (B) and the third cavity (C) are both fan-shaped. The second central angle α1 of the first cavity (A) is 90°, and the third central angle α2 of the second cavity (B) and the fourth central angle α3 of the third cavity (C) are both 135°.

2. The cross-shaped five-way valve core structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fifth flow hole (e) is set as a normally open hole, and the top of the first cavity (A) is provided with a balance hole (h) that communicates with the inner cavity of the valve body (1) on the upper side of the valve core (3).

3. The cross-shaped five-way valve core structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall corners of the first cavity (A), the second cavity (B), and the third cavity (C) are all rounded corner transitions.

4. The cross-shaped five-way valve core structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corners of the top surface and sidewalls of the first cavity (A), the second cavity (B), and the third cavity (C) are all rounded corner transitions.

5. The cross-shaped five-way valve core structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve seat (2) is provided with at least one limiting groove (f) on its edge, and the limiting groove (f) matches the corresponding protrusion structure inside the valve body (1).

6. A water valve, characterized in that, Includes the cross-shaped five-way valve core structure as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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