Non-explosive excavation method for deep-buried central water ditch of large-section tunnel

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a non-explosive excavation method for a large-section tunnel deep-buried central water ditch, which comprises a cover plate body, an upper cover plate arranged in the cover plate body, a lower cover plate arranged in the cover plate body below the upper cover plate, arc-shaped plates fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, and a reinforcing plate slidingly connected to the inside of the cover plate body; the reinforcing plate is in a number of two and is arranged in an up-down symmetry; the method has good central water ditch forming effect, small backfilling amount, and reduced construction cost; the method overcomes the problem of narrow working face of single-line tunnel construction causing difficulty in construction of a deep-buried central water ditch, greatly improves the safety of tunnel excavation, improves construction quality, shortens the construction period, and reduces the waste of manpower and material resources; and the method solves the problem of small water ditch section, complex shape, and large blasting difficulty.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a non-explosive excavation method for a large-section tunnel deep-buried center ditch. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, many railways in severe cold or cold regions have been built and planned in China, and deep-buried center ditches are mostly used in cold region railway tunnels to reduce the risk of frost damage; the heat preservation and cold prevention measures of the tunnel waterproof and drainage system in severe cold regions are the key to the design of the tunnel waterproof and drainage system in severe cold regions, and directly affect the rationality and reliability and the use function of the tunnel waterproof and drainage system.

[0003] In the use process of the tunnel deep-buried center ditch, due to the small section and complex shape of the tunnel deep-buried center ditch, it is difficult to blast at present, and the safety is also low, which affects the excavation of the tunnel deep-buried center ditch.

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a non-explosive excavation method for a large-section tunnel deep-buried center ditch. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve at least one technical problem raised in the background art.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is: the non-explosive excavation method for a large-section tunnel deep-buried center ditch, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, calculate the upper opening width, lower bottom length, ditch depth and slope gradient of the center deep-buried ditch according to the excavation center line and the blasting excavation height of the tunnel excavated section, determine the specific position of the center deep-buried ditch, and mark it; then excavate the marked excavation center line and the working face with a small excavator;

[0008] S2, clean the ditch water and virtual slag with a slag car: use a high-power water pump to quickly pump out the accumulated water in the excavated ditch; clean the virtual slag manually;

[0009] S3, construct a concrete base: the pipe seat is made of C20 concrete and can be prefabricated outside the hole; after the pipe seat is installed, the surrounding gap is filled with 4% cement graded gravel to prevent the pipe seat from moving;

[0010] S4, after the C20 concrete base is poured, use a loader to transport a top-loaded precast reinforced concrete drainage pipe with a water permeable hole with a wall thickness of 80 mm to the buried area, manually install the drainage pipe with the excavator, wrap the pipe with geotextile, and ensure that the hoisted drainage pipe is inserted into the installed drainage pipe of the upper section; and hoist the center deep-buried ditch drainage pipe; the drainage pipes are connected in a tongue-and-groove rigid joint form;

[0011] S5, polyurethane insulation board and insulation concrete are applied between the concrete top and the inverted arch primary support, with a width of 48-52m; and an inspection well 1 is arranged every 48-52m in the water channel section; after the first ring deep buried central water channel is constructed, the first step to the sixth step are repeated until the whole tunnel construction is completed.

[0012] The method has good center drain forming effect, less backfilling amount, and reduces construction cost; overcomes the problem of narrow working face of single-line tunnel construction causing difficulty in center deep buried water channel construction, greatly improves the safety of tunnel excavation, improves construction quality, shortens construction period, and reduces waste of manpower and material resources; solves the problem of small water channel section, complex shape, and large blasting difficulty; at the same time, the C30 sand-free concrete is changed to 4% cement graded gravel, which is mixed on site and used immediately, which reduces the investment in mechanical equipment and greatly improves the construction efficiency.

[0013] Preferably, in step S4, the concrete pad is used to control the direction of the drain pipe during installation, so that the drain pipe remains stationary, and then the chute is used to send the good-permeability, non-weathering, well-graded aggregate to the lower half of both sides of the drain pipe and backfill and compact, with a backfill height of not less than 22cm, to ensure the stability of the drain pipe; in this step, the drain pipe can be better filled; which is conducive to the use of the drain pipe afterwards.

[0014] Preferably, after the first ring deep buried central water channel is constructed, the first step to the sixth step are repeated until the whole tunnel construction is completed; this method overcomes the problem of narrow working face of single-line tunnel construction causing difficulty in center deep buried water channel construction; and is safer and more convenient to use.

[0015] Preferably, the inspection well comprises a cover plate body, the inside of the cover plate body is provided with an upper cover plate, the inside of the cover plate body below the upper cover plate is provided with a lower cover plate, the opposite surfaces of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are fixedly connected with arc-shaped plates, the inside of the cover plate body is slidably connected with reinforcing plates; the number of the reinforcing plates is two and they are symmetrically arranged; the opposite surfaces of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are fixedly connected with clamping teeth, the clamping teeth are arranged on the surfaces of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate in multiple and are equidistantly arranged on the surfaces of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate; the clamping teeth on the upper cover plate and the clamping teeth on the lower cover plate are correspondingly arranged; when assembling the inspection well cover, the staff manually moves the reinforcing plates in the cover plate body so that the reinforcing plates move towards the side close to the arc-shaped plates, then the reinforcing plates are in contact with the upper surfaces of the arc-shaped plates and press the arc-shaped plates, then the arc-shaped plates on the upper side and the lower side drive the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate to move, then the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate on the upper side and the lower side abut against each other, and the clamping teeth on the surfaces of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are engaged with each other, so that the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate can be quickly assembled and assembled with each other, the strength between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate can be improved under the engagement of the clamping teeth, the use of the inspection well is convenient, and the maintenance of the inspection well is facilitated.

[0016] Preferably, the surfaces of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are provided with through grooves; the inside of the cover plate body in the through grooves is fixedly connected with reinforcing rods; during the movement of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate move along the reinforcing rods according to the through grooves, so that the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are always on the same vertical line, the phenomenon of deviation after long-term use is avoided, and the setting of the reinforcing rods is favorable for reducing the phenomenon of deformation.

[0017] Preferably, the surfaces of the two reinforcing plates are provided with clamping grooves; the opposite surfaces of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are fixedly connected with elastic seats; the inside of the elastic seat is fixedly connected with a limiting spring, one side of the limiting spring close to the reinforcing plate is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped clamping block; the shape of the arc-shaped clamping block is matched with the shape of the clamping groove; during the movement of the reinforcing plate along the arc-shaped plate, the arc-shaped clamping block on the surface of the elastic seat is tightly attached to the surface of the reinforcing plate and the limiting spring is in a pressed state; when the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are assembled, the arc-shaped clamping block is clamped in the clamping groove under the action of the limiting spring, so that the connection between the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the reinforcing plate is completed, the strength between the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the reinforcing plate is further improved, a high supporting capacity is improved, and the phenomenon of cracking is reduced.

[0018] Preferably, the surface of the arc-shaped clamping block is provided with an embedded groove; the inside of the clamping groove is fixedly connected with a protruding rod; the shape of the embedded groove is matched with the shape of the protruding rod; during operation, when the arc-shaped clamping block is clamped in the inside of the clamping groove, the protruding rod on the surface of the clamping groove will be clamped in the embedded groove on the surface of the arc-shaped clamping block at the same time, thereby further improving the strength of the cover plate body.

[0019] Preferably, the surface of the upper cover plate is fixedly connected with a first L-shaped protruding column, the surface of the lower cover plate is fixedly connected with a second L-shaped protruding column, and the surfaces of the first L-shaped protruding column and the second L-shaped protruding column are both fixedly connected with a sealing rubber sleeve; during operation, the first L-shaped protruding column and the second L-shaped protruding column will be moved at the same time during the movement of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, then the protrusions on the surfaces of the first L-shaped protruding column and the second L-shaped protruding column will contact and extrude each other, so that the second L-shaped protruding column moves towards the connecting part of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, at this time, the sealing rubber sleeve on the surface of the second L-shaped protruding column will be attached to the connecting part of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate; the sealing property of the connecting part of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate is improved; the heat preservation performance inside the inspection well is improved; the heat exchange is facilitated.

[0020] Preferably, the inside of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate is both provided with a heat preservation plate; the inside of the heat preservation plate is provided with a polyurethane heat preservation layer; a plurality of polyurethane heat preservation layers are arranged in the inside of the heat preservation plate at equal distances; during operation, when the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate contact each other, the polyurethane heat preservation layers of the heat preservation plates in the inside of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate will extrude each other, so as to be filled in the inside of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate; the heat preservation effect of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate is improved.

[0021] Preferably, the inside of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate is both provided with a sliding groove matched with the heat preservation plate; the sliding groove is arranged, so that the heat preservation plate has a certain movement allowance, thereby facilitating the movement of the heat preservation plate.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0023] 1. The method for non-explosive excavation of a deep-buried center ditch in a large-section tunnel, which has good center drainage ditch forming effect, less backfilling amount, and reduced construction cost; overcomes the problem of narrow working face of single-line tunnel construction, greatly improves the safety of tunnel excavation, improves the construction quality, shortens the construction period, and reduces the waste of manpower and material resources; solves the problems of small water ditch section, complex shape, and large blasting difficulty; simultaneously, the C30 sand-free concrete is changed into 4% cement graded gravel, which is mixed on site and used immediately, thereby reducing the investment in mechanical equipment and greatly improving the construction efficiency.

[0024] 2. The method of the present application, the large-section tunnel deep buried center water ditch non-explosive excavation method, through the interlocking of the clamping teeth on the surfaces of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate can be quickly assembled; and under the interlocking of the clamping teeth, the strength between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate is improved, which brings convenience for the use of the inspection well and is beneficial to the maintenance of the inspection well.

[0025] 3. The method of the present application, the large-section tunnel deep buried center water ditch non-explosive excavation method, through the movement of the second L-shaped convex column to the connection between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, the sealing rubber sleeve on the surface of the second L-shaped convex column can be attached to the connection between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate; the sealing property of the connection between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate is improved; the heat preservation property inside the inspection well is improved; and the heat exchange is facilitated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] The present application will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 is a method flow chart of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the cover plate body of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 is a sectional view of the cover plate body in the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the cover plate body in the present application Figure 3 is an enlarged view of part A in the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 is an enlarged view of part B in the present application; Figure 3

[0032] Figure 6 is a sectional view of the polyurethane heat preservation layer of the second embodiment of the present application.

[0033] In the drawings: 1, inspection well; 2, cover plate body; 21, upper cover plate; 22, lower cover plate; 23, through groove; 24, reinforcing rod; 3, arc-shaped plate; 4, reinforcing plate; 41, clamping groove; 411, convex rod; 5, clamping tooth; 6, elastic seat; 61, limiting spring; 62, arc-shaped clamping block; 621, embedded groove; 7, first L-shaped convex column; 71, second L-shaped convex column; 72, sealing rubber sleeve; 8, heat preservation plate; 81, sliding groove; 9, polyurethane heat preservation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects of the present application easy to understand, the present application will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0035] ​Embodiment one

[0036] As shown in the figure, the method for non-explosive excavation of a deep-buried central water ditch of a large-section tunnel according to the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps: Figure 1

[0037] S1. The upper opening width, lower bottom length, water ditch depth and slope gradient of the central deep-buried water ditch are calculated according to the excavation centerline and the blasting excavation height of the tunnel excavated section, the specific position of the central deep-buried water ditch is determined, and the central deep-buried water ditch is marked; then a small excavator is used to excavate the marked excavation centerline and the working face.

[0038] S2. The water ditch accumulated water is cleaned by a slag car: the accumulated water in the excavated ditch is quickly pumped dry by a high-power water pump; the virtual slag is cleaned by manual work.

[0039] S3. The concrete base is constructed: the pipe base is poured with C20 concrete, which can be prefabricated outside the hole, and the surrounding gap is filled with 4% cement graded gravel after the pipe base is installed to prevent the pipe base from moving.

[0040] S4. After the C20 concrete base is poured, a loader is used to transport a top socket type prefabricated reinforced concrete drainage pipe with a water permeable hole with a wall thickness of 80 mm to the buried area, a worker installs the drainage pipe with the help of an excavator, the pipe is wrapped with geotextile, and it is ensured that the hoisted drainage pipe is inserted into the already installed drainage pipe of the upper section; and the central deep-buried water ditch drainage pipe is hoisted; the drainage pipes are connected by a tongue and groove rigid joint.

[0041] S5. Polyurethane insulation boards and insulation concrete are applied between the concrete top and the inverted arch primary support with a width of 48-52 m; and an inspection well 1 is arranged every 48-52 m in the water ditch section; after the construction of the first ring deep-buried central water ditch is completed, the first step to the sixth step are repeated until the entire tunnel construction is completed.

[0042] The method has good central drainage ditch forming effect, less backfilling, and reduces construction cost; overcomes the problem of narrow working face of single-line tunnel construction causing difficulty in construction of central deep-buried water ditch, greatly improves the safety of tunnel excavation, improves construction quality, shortens construction period, and reduces waste of manpower and material resources; solves the problem of small water ditch section, complex shape and difficult blasting; at the same time, the C30 sand-free concrete is changed to 4% cement graded gravel, which is mixed on site and used immediately, which reduces the investment in mechanical equipment and greatly improves the construction efficiency.

[0043] ​In step S4, the concrete cushion is used to control the direction of the drain pipe during installation, so that the drain pipe is kept from moving left and right, and then the chute is used to send the aggregate with good permeability, not easy to weather, and good gradation to the lower half on both sides of the drain pipe and backfill tightly; in this step, the drain pipe can be better filled; it is conducive to the use of the drain pipe later.

[0044] The backfill height of the aggregate is not less than 22 cm to ensure that the drain pipe is stable and does not move; this method overcomes the problem of difficult construction of the center deep ditch caused by the narrow working face of the single-line tunnel; it is safer and more convenient to use.

[0045] As shown in Figures 2-3 The inspection well 1 includes a cover body 2, the inside of the cover body 2 is provided with an upper cover plate 21, the inside of the cover body 2 below the upper cover plate 21 is provided with a lower cover plate 22, the opposite surfaces of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 are fixedly connected with arc-shaped plates 3, and the inside of the cover body 2 is slidably connected with reinforcing plates 4; the number of the reinforcing plates 4 is two and they are symmetrically arranged above and below; the opposite surfaces of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 are fixedly connected with clamping teeth 5, the surfaces of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 are provided with a plurality of clamping teeth 5 respectively, and the clamping teeth 5 are equidistantly arranged on the surfaces of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22; the upper and lower clamping teeth 5 are correspondingly arranged; when assembling the cover of the inspection well 1, the staff manually moves the reinforcing plates 4 in the cover body 2 to move the reinforcing plates 4 to the side close to the arc-shaped plates 3, then the reinforcing plates 4 will be in contact with the upper surfaces of the arc-shaped plates 3 and press the arc-shaped plates 3, then the arc-shaped plates 3 on the upper and lower sides will drive the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 to move, then the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 on the upper and lower sides will abut against each other; and the clamping teeth 5 on the surfaces of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 will mesh with each other, which not only enables the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 to be quickly assembled and assembled with each other, but also improves the strength between the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 under the meshing of the clamping teeth 5, which brings convenience for the use of the inspection well 1 later and is conducive to the maintenance of the inspection well 1 later.

[0046] The surfaces of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 are both provided with through grooves 23; the inside of the cover body 2 and in the through grooves 23 are fixedly connected with reinforcing rods 24; in the process of moving the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22, the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 will move along the reinforcing rods 24 according to the through grooves 23, which can keep the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 on the same vertical line all the time, avoiding the phenomenon of deviation after long-term use, and the arrangement of the reinforcing rods 24 is conducive to reducing the deformation phenomenon.

[0047] As shown in Figures 3-4As shown, the surface of the two reinforcing plates 4 is provided with a clamping groove 41; the opposite surface of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 is fixedly connected with an elastic seat 6; the inside of the elastic seat 6 is fixedly connected with a limiting spring 61, and the side of the limiting spring 61 close to the reinforcing plate 4 is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped clamping block 62; the shape of the arc-shaped clamping block 62 is matched with the shape of the clamping groove 41; during the movement of the reinforcing plate 4 along the arc-shaped plate 3, the arc-shaped clamping block 62 on the surface of the elastic seat 6 is tightly attached to the surface of the reinforcing plate 4, and the limiting spring 61 is in a squeezed state; when the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 are assembled, the arc-shaped clamping block 62 is clamped in the clamping groove 41 under the action of the limiting spring 61, thereby achieving the connection between the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 and the reinforcing plate 4, further improving the strength between the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 and the reinforcing plate 4, improving the supporting capacity, and reducing the cracking phenomenon.

[0048] The surface of the arc-shaped clamping block 62 is provided with an embedded groove 621; the inside of the clamping groove 41 is fixedly connected with a protruding rod 411; the shape of the embedded groove 621 is matched with the shape of the protruding rod 411; when the arc-shaped clamping block 62 is clamped in the clamping groove 41, the protruding rod 411 on the surface of the clamping groove 41 is clamped in the embedded groove 621 on the surface of the arc-shaped clamping block 62, further improving the strength of the cover plate body 2.

[0049] Figures 3-5 As shown, the surface of the upper cover plate 21 is fixedly connected with a first L-shaped protruding column 7, the surface of the lower cover plate 22 is fixedly connected with a second L-shaped protruding column 71, and the surface of the first L-shaped protruding column 7 and the second L-shaped protruding column 71 is fixedly connected with a sealing rubber sleeve 72; during the movement of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22, the first L-shaped protruding column 7 and the second L-shaped protruding column 71 are moved at the same time, and then the protrusions on the surface of the first L-shaped protruding column 7 and the second L-shaped protruding column 71 are in contact and extruded with each other, so that the second L-shaped protruding column 71 moves towards the connection between the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22, and the sealing rubber sleeve 72 on the surface of the second L-shaped protruding column 71 is attached to the connection between the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22; the sealing property of the connection between the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 is improved, the heat preservation performance in the inspection well 1 is improved, and the heat exchange is facilitated.

[0050] Embodiment two

[0051] As Figure 6As shown, the comparative example one, wherein another embodiment of the present application is: the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 are provided with the heat preservation plate 8; the heat preservation plate 8 is provided with the polyurethane heat preservation layer 9; the polyurethane heat preservation layer 9 is provided with a plurality of, and is equidistantly arranged in the heat preservation plate 8; when the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 are close to each other, the polyurethane heat preservation layer 9 of the heat preservation plate 8 in the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 is extruded, thereby filling in the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22; the heat preservation effect of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 is improved.

[0052] The upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 are provided with the sliding groove 81 matched with the heat preservation plate 8; the sliding groove 81 is provided, giving the heat preservation plate 8 a certain movement allowance, thereby facilitating the movement of the heat preservation plate 8.

[0053] When assembling the inspection well 1 cover plate, the staff manually moves the reinforcing plate 4 in the cover plate body 2, moves the reinforcing plate 4 to the side close to the arc-shaped plate 3, and then the reinforcing plate 4 is in contact with the upper surface of the arc-shaped plate 3 and extrudes the arc-shaped plate 3, and then the upper and lower arc-shaped plates 3 drive the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 to move, and then the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 are in contact with each other; and the clamping teeth 5 on the surfaces of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 are engaged with each other, which can not only quickly assemble the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22, but also improve the strength between the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22, which is convenient for the use of the inspection well 1 and facilitates the maintenance of the inspection well 1; during the movement of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22, the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 move along the reinforcing rod 24 according to the through groove 23, so that the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 are always on the same vertical line, avoiding the phenomenon of deviation after long-term use, and the setting of the reinforcing rod 24 is conducive to reducing the deformation phenomenon.

[0054] During the movement of the reinforcing plate 4 along the arc-shaped plate 3, the arc-shaped clamping block 62 on the surface of the elastic seat 6 is tightly attached to the surface of the reinforcing plate 4, and the limiting spring 61 is in an extruded state; when the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 are assembled, the arc-shaped clamping block 62 is clamped in the clamping groove 41 under the action of the limiting spring 61, which can complete the connection between the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 and the reinforcing plate 4, further improving the strength between the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 and the reinforcing plate 4; improve the high supporting capacity; and reduce the cracking phenomenon; when the arc-shaped clamping block 62 is clamped in the clamping groove 41, the protruding rod 411 on the surface of the clamping groove 41 is clamped in the embedding groove 621 on the surface of the arc-shaped clamping block 62, further improving the strength of the cover plate body 2.

[0055] In the moving process of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22, the first L-shaped convex column 7 and the second L-shaped convex column 71 are moved simultaneously, and then the convexes on the surfaces of the first L-shaped convex column 7 and the second L-shaped convex column 71 are in contact and extruded with each other, so that the second L-shaped convex column 71 is moved to the connecting position of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22, and at this time, the sealing rubber sleeve 72 on the surface of the second L-shaped convex column 71 is attached to the connecting position of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22, so as to improve the sealing performance of the connecting position of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22, and to improve the heat preservation performance in the inspection well 1, and to facilitate the heat exchange, and when the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 are in contact with each other, the polyurethane heat preservation layer 9 of the heat preservation plate 8 in the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 is extruded, so as to be filled in the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22, and the heat preservation effect of the upper cover plate 21 and the lower cover plate 22 is improved, and the sliding groove 81 is arranged, so as to give a certain moving allowance to the heat preservation plate 8, and to facilitate the movement of the heat preservation plate 8.

[0056] The above-mentioned front, rear, left, right, top and bottom are based on the drawings of the specification Figure 1 As a standard, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and the like.

[0057] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0058] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application, and various changes and improvements can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A non-explosive excavation method for deep-buried central drainage ditches in large-section tunnels, characterized in that: It comprises the following steps: S1. According to the excavation center line of the tunnel and the blasting excavation height of the tunnel face, the upper width, the lower length, the depth of the center deep buried ditch and the slope gradient of the center deep buried ditch are calculated, the specific position of the center deep buried ditch is determined, and the center deep buried ditch is marked; then a small excavator is used to excavate the marked excavation center line and the tunnel face; S2. The accumulated water in the ditch is cleaned by using a slag car: the accumulated water in the excavated ditch is quickly pumped out by using a high-power water pump; the virtual slag is cleaned by using manual labor; S3. Construction of concrete base: the pipe base is poured with C20 concrete, which can be prefabricated outside the hole. After the pipe base is installed, the surrounding gap needs to be filled with 4% cement graded gravel to prevent the pipe base from moving; S4. After the C20 concrete base is poured, the top of the wall thickness of 80mm is transported to the buried area with the precast reinforced concrete drainage pipe with a penetrating hole, the drainage pipe is installed by manual labor and excavator, the geotextile is wrapped outside the pipe, and the lifting of the drainage pipe is ensured to be inserted into the installed drainage pipe of the upper section; and the center deep buried ditch drainage pipe is lifted; the drainage pipes are connected by a tongue and groove rigid joint; S5. Polyurethane insulation board and thermal insulation concrete are applied between the top of the concrete and the inverted arch initial support; and an inspection well (1) is set every 48-52m in the water buried section; after the construction of the first ring deep buried center ditch is completed, the first step to the sixth step is repeated until the entire tunnel construction is completed; The inspection well (1) comprises a cover body (2), the inside of the cover body (2) is provided with an upper cover plate (21), the inside of the cover body (2) and below the upper cover plate (21) is provided with a lower cover plate (22), the opposite surfaces of the upper cover plate (21) and the lower cover plate (22) are fixedly connected with arc-shaped plates (3), and the inside of the cover body (2) is slidably connected with reinforcing plates (4); the number of the reinforcing plates (4) is two and they are symmetrically arranged above and below; the opposite surfaces of the upper cover plate (21) and the lower cover plate (22) are fixedly connected with clamping teeth (5), a plurality of clamping teeth (5) are arranged on the surfaces of the upper cover plate (21) and the lower cover plate (22) respectively, and they are equidistantly arranged on the surfaces of the upper cover plate (21) and the lower cover plate (22); the clamping teeth (5) above and below are arranged in one-to-one correspondence; The surfaces of the two reinforcing plates (4) are provided with clamping grooves (41); the opposite surfaces of the upper cover plate (21) and the lower cover plate (22) are fixedly connected with elastic seats (6); the inside of the elastic seat (6) is fixedly connected with a limiting spring (61), one side of the limiting spring (61) close to the reinforcing plate (4) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped clamping block (62); the shape of the arc-shaped clamping block (62) is matched with the shape of the clamping groove (41).

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by: In step S4, the direction of the drainage pipe is controlled by using a concrete cushion during installation, so that the drainage pipe remains stationary left and right, and then the aggregate with good permeability, not easy to weather, and good gradation is sent to the lower half on both sides of the drainage pipe through a chute and backfilled tightly.

3. The non-explosive excavating method of a deep-buried central water channel of a large-section tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The backfill height of the aggregate is not less than 22cm to ensure that the drainage pipe is stable and does not move.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by: The surface of the upper cover plate (21) and the lower cover plate (22) is provided with a through groove (23); the inside of the cover plate body (2) and in the through groove (23) are fixedly connected with a reinforcing rod (24).

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the method is characterized by: The surface of the arc-shaped clamping block (62) is provided with an embedding groove (621); the inside of the clamping groove (41) is fixedly connected with a convex rod (411); the shape of the embedding groove (621) and the shape of the convex rod (411) are matched.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the method is characterized by: The surface of the upper cover plate (21) is fixedly connected with a first L-shaped convex column (7), the surface of the lower cover plate (22) is fixedly connected with a second L-shaped convex column (71), and the surface of the first L-shaped convex column (7) and the second L-shaped convex column (71) is fixedly connected with a sealing rubber sleeve (72).

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the method is characterized by: The inside of the upper cover plate (21) and the lower cover plate (22) is provided with a heat preservation plate (8); the inside of the heat preservation plate (8) is provided with a polyurethane heat preservation layer (9); the polyurethane heat preservation layer (9) is provided with a plurality of polyurethane heat preservation layers (9) and is provided at equal distances in the inside of the heat preservation plate (8).

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the method is characterized by: The inside of the upper cover plate (21) and the lower cover plate (22) is provided with a sliding groove (81) matched with the heat preservation plate (8).

Images