A cutting tool with a rolling device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cutting tool with a rolling device, comprising a rotating cutter body, multiple cutting devices and multiple rolling devices, the rotating cutter body comprising an upper end face and a lower end face, both of which are perpendicular to the rotation center axis of the rotating cutter body, multiple cutting devices are arranged on the lower end face and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating cutter body, multiple rolling devices are arranged on the lower end face and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating cutter body, in the radial direction of the rotating cutter body, the distance between the rolling device and the rotation center axis is smaller than the distance between the cutting device and the rotation center axis, the present invention has the advantages of stable structure, convenient operation, high processing surface quality, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the field of metal cutting, and in particular to a cutting tool with a rolling device. Background Art

[0002] Rolling is a chipless processing method, which uses high-hardness rollers to apply high pressure to the metal surface, flattening the micro-peaks on the metal surface, causing elastic-plastic deformation of the material surface, and forming a strengthening layer of a certain thickness on the surface, thereby improving the wear resistance of the metal surface and reducing the surface roughness.

[0003] Metal rolling is a process of using rollers to flatten the microscopic peaks of the machined surface into microscopic pits. Therefore, there are strict requirements for the rolling allowance: if the allowance is small, the rolling effect cannot be achieved; if the allowance is large, the rolling resistance is too great, implementation is difficult, and the surface quality will be damaged. To address this problem, the following solution is usually adopted in the prior art: a separate cutting disc is used to cut the machined surface in order to make the machined surface clean and smooth. The cutting disc is then removed from the machine tool spindle and replaced with a rolling disc. In order to ensure the appropriate amount of rolling, the distance between the roller of the rolling disc and the machined surface needs to be measured, and then the appropriate feed amount is determined based on the measurement results. Since the appropriate amount of rolling is generally very small, the value of the distance to be measured needs to be very accurate, which makes the work very tedious and prone to errors.

[0004] To solve the above problems, Chinese patent document CN201510693100 provides a milling and rolling integrated tool, in which two spindles for driving the cutter discs are installed on the machine tool at the same time, one spindle is equipped with a cutting cutter disc, and the other spindle is equipped with a rolling cutter disc. By measuring the heights of the two cutter discs in advance, the rolling allowance is input into the machine tool parameters, thereby avoiding the problem of measuring the distance each time; Chinese patent document CN205237433U provides a flat rolling tool for constant distance rolling, that is, a special measuring device is installed next to the rolling cutter disc, and the distance between the rolling cutter disc and the machined surface is automatically measured each time, thereby avoiding tedious labor; the essence of the above two technical solutions is the same, that is, the rolling allowance is kept constant, thereby ensuring the roughness of the machined surface. However, both of the above technical solutions have requirements for processing equipment: CN201510693100 fixes the milling cutter and the rolling cutter on the same machine tool spindle; CN205237433U adds a module for measuring the gap; the implementation of these two solutions requires the use of special machine tools and is not easy to promote.

[0005] Furthermore, in the prior art, the rollers of typical rolling tools are available in cylindrical or conical shapes, with the generatrix of the cylinder or cone being a straight line. In theory, when the tool is in use, the generatrix of the roller is perpendicular to the normal of the workpiece. As the tool advances relative to the workpiece, the workpiece is rolled around the generatrix of the roller. Because the generatrix is ​​straight and perpendicular to the workpiece surface, an absolutely flat surface is produced. In practice, however, due to limitations in manufacturing precision, the generatrix of the roller cannot be absolutely perpendicular to the normal of the workpiece surface. This results in different rolling allowances at each end of the roller, with one end having a larger rolling allowance than the other. Consequently, the resulting surface differences are reflected in noticeable graining on the workpiece surface. The fundamental cause of these graining is that, due to the limited manufacturing precision of the tool, rollers with straight generatrixes have inconsistent rolling allowances at both ends of the roller generatrix, resulting in surface graining.

[0006] In contrast, using balls instead of rollers to roll the surface is not affected by the cutterhead manufacturing precision because the ball's generatrix is ​​an arc, which keeps the rolling amount at both ends of the generatrix involved in rolling consistent, thus forming a good rolling pattern. However, the ball's radius is limited. A small ball radius can only enhance the surface properties of the processed material, but cannot reduce roughness, which also limits processing efficiency. Using large-diameter balls can reduce roughness, but large-diameter balls require larger tools to install, which is inconvenient to implement. In other words, because the rolled surface is composed of arc grooves formed by ball rolling, excessively large feed parameters will result in excessive distance between the arc grooves, resulting in a rough processed surface. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a cutting tool with a rolling device which has a stable structure, is easy to operate and has high processing surface quality.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A cutting tool with a rolling device comprises a rotating cutter body, multiple cutting devices and multiple rolling devices, the rotating cutter body comprises an upper end face and a lower end face, both of which are perpendicular to the rotation center axis of the rotating cutter body, multiple cutting devices are arranged on the lower end face and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating cutter body, multiple rolling devices are arranged on the lower end face and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating cutter body, and in the radial direction of the rotating cutter body, the distance between the rolling device and the rotation center axis is smaller than the distance between the cutting device and the rotation center axis.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0011] The rotation axis of the roller of the rolling device is located on the radial cross section of the rotating cutter body.

[0012] On a radial section of the rotating cutter body passing through the rotating axis, an angle α between the rotating axis and the lower end surface is equal to the taper of the roller and satisfies: 1°≤α≤15°.

[0013] The roller includes an inner end face, an outer end face and a rolled side face connecting the inner end face and the outer end face. The rolled side face is a drum-shaped structure. The inner end face and the outer end face are both perpendicular to the rotation axis. The diameter of the inner end face is smaller than the diameter of the outer end face.

[0014] On the cross section passing through the rotation axis, the contour line of the rolled side surface is an arc, and the radius of the arc is R, which should satisfy: 100mm≤R≤500mm.

[0015] On the cross section passing through the rotation axis, the maximum distance between the chord AB corresponding to the arc contour line of the rolled side surface and the arc contour line is H, which should satisfy: H ≥ 0.05 mm.

[0016] The taper of the roller is β, the radius of the inner end surface is RA, and the maximum distance between the inner end surface and the rotation center axis in the radial direction of the rotating cutter body is LA, which should satisfy: RA / LA=SINβ.

[0017] A mounting groove is provided on the lower end surface, and the rolling device also includes a fixed pressure plate with a fixing hole provided on the fixed pressure plate. The roller is installed in the mounting groove and is limited by the fixing hole of the fixed pressure plate so as to rotate freely around the rotation axis in the mounting groove.

[0018] The cutting device includes a cutting blade, a pressing block and a stud screw. The pressing block fixes the cutting blade in the knife groove on the lower end surface and moves the pressing block forward and backward along the screw axis by rotating the stud screw to achieve compression and relaxation of the cutting blade.

[0019] In the direction of the rotation center axis, the lower side of the rolled side surface is located below the main cutting edge of the cutting insert, and the distance between the two is S, which should satisfy: 0.01mm≤S≤0.4mm.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0021] The cutting tool with a rolling device of the present invention comprises a rotating cutter body, a plurality of cutting devices and a plurality of rolling devices. The rotating cutter body comprises an upper end face and a lower end face, both of which are perpendicular to the rotation center axis of the rotating cutter body. A plurality of cutting devices are arranged on the lower end face along the rotating cutter body and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating cutter body. A plurality of rolling devices are arranged on the lower end face and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating cutter body. In the radial direction of the rotating cutter body, the distance between the rolling device and the rotation center axis is smaller than the distance between the cutting device and the rotation center axis. The plurality of cutting devices and the plurality of rolling devices are simultaneously arranged on the rotating cutter body and are evenly distributed. The cloth, and the cutting device is at a position with a larger radius relative to the rolling device. The rotating cutter body rotates around the central axis of rotation. As the rotating cutter body rotates and feeds, the cutting device first participates in the processing to cut the surface of the workpiece, and then the rolling device rolls the cut surface. In the present invention, the cutting device and the rolling device are simultaneously arranged on a rotating cutter body. The rolling allowance is the height difference between the two, and the height can be accurately set on the rotating cutter body when the tool is manufactured. Therefore, it is accurate and fixed, and the tedious measurement process is avoided during use. It is not only stable in structure and easy to operate, but also has high processing surface quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cutting tool with a rolling device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a top view of the cutting tool with rolling device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a front view of the cutting tool with rolling device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cutting tool with a rolling device from another perspective of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cutting tool with a rolling device from another perspective of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a front view of the roller of the cutting tool with rolling device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 It is a side view of the roller of the cutting tool with rolling device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 CC view in .

[0032] Figure 11 yes Figure 2 DD view in .

[0033] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 Enlarged view of point E in .

[0034] The numbers in the figure represent:

[0035] 1. Rotating cutter body; 10. Rotating center axis; 11. Upper end face; 12. Lower end face; 121. Mounting slot; 2. Cutting device; 21. Cutting blade; 22. Pressure block; 23. Stud screw; 3. Rolling device; 31. Roller; 311. Rotating axis; 312. Inner end face; 313. Outer end face; 314. Rolling side face; 32. Fixed pressure plate; 321. Fixing hole; 4. Mounting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that terms such as "center", "up", "down", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", "top", and "bottom" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0038] Figures 1 to 12An embodiment of a cutting tool with a rolling device of the present invention is shown. The cutting tool with a rolling device of this embodiment includes a rotating cutter body 1, multiple cutting devices 2 and multiple rolling devices 3. The rotating cutter body 1 includes an upper end face 11 and a lower end face 12. The upper end face 11 and the lower end face 12 are both perpendicular to the rotation center axis 10 of the rotating cutter body 1. Multiple cutting devices 2 are arranged on the lower end face 12 and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating cutter body 1. Multiple rolling devices 3 are arranged on the lower end face 12 and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating cutter body 1. In the radial direction of the rotating cutter body 1, the distance between the rolling device 3 and the rotation center axis 10 is smaller than the distance between the cutting device 2 and the rotation center axis 10. The multiple cutting devices 2 and the multiple rolling devices 3 are arranged on the lower end face 12 and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating cutter body 1. The rolling devices 3 are simultaneously arranged on the rotating cutter body 1 and are evenly distributed, and the cutting device 2 is at a position with a larger radius relative to the rolling device 3. The rotating cutter body 1 rotates around the central axis of rotation 11. As the rotating cutter body 1 rotates and feeds, the cutting device 2 first participates in the processing and cuts the surface of the workpiece, and then the rolling device 3 rolls the cut surface. The cutting device 2 and the rolling device 3 are simultaneously arranged on a rotating cutter body 1, and the rolling allowance S is the height difference between the two. The height can be accurately set on the rotating cutter body 1 when the tool is manufactured, so it is accurate and fixed, avoiding the tedious measurement process during use. It is not only structurally stable and easy to operate, but also has high processing surface quality.

[0039] In this embodiment, the rotation axis 311 of the roller 31 of the rolling device 3 is located on the radial cross section of the rotating blade body 1, ensuring that the angular velocity of the roller 31 is consistent at all locations.

[0040] In this embodiment, on the radial section of the rotating cutter body 1 passing through the rotating axis 311, the angle α between the rotating axis 311 and the lower end surface 12 is equal to the taper of the roller 31 and satisfies: 1°≤α≤15°. In this embodiment, α=10°.

[0041] In this embodiment, the roller 31 includes an inner end face 312, an outer end face 313, and a rolling side face 314 connecting the inner end face 312 and the outer end face 313. The rolling side face 314 is a drum-shaped structure. The inner end face 312 and the outer end face 313 are both perpendicular to the rotation axis 311. The diameter of the inner end face 312 is smaller than the diameter of the outer end face 313. On the cross section of the rotation axis 311, the contour line of the rolling side face 314 is an arc with a radius of R. In order to ensure that the speed difference between each point on the roller 31 and the machined surface is very small and to improve the surface quality of the machined surface compared to the cylindrical roller, the following should be met: 100mm ≤R≤500mm, the maximum distance between the chord AB corresponding to the arc contour line of the rolled side surface 314 and the arc contour line is H, which should satisfy: H≥0.05mm, that is, this embodiment adopts a drum-shaped roller 31, and the busbar of the roller 31 is a large arc, which not only ensures the consistency of the rolling amount at both ends of the rolling busbar, but also does not increase the volume of the roller 31. The distance H between the chord AB and the busbar ensures that this embodiment can be implemented under the existing manufacturing accuracy. The smaller the H value, the closer the busbar is to the chord, that is, the closer the busbar is to a straight line, the higher the processing accuracy requirement for the cutter head. In this embodiment, R=420mm, H=0.06mm.

[0042] In this embodiment, the taper of the roller 31 is β, the radius of the inner end surface 312 is RA, and the maximum distance between the inner end surface 312 and the rotation center axis 10 in the radial direction of the rotating blade 1 is LA, which should satisfy: RA / LA=SINβ.

[0043] The distance between point A and the rotation center axis 10 is LA, and the distance between point B and the rotation center axis 10 is LB. When the tool rotates along the rotation center axis 10, with the rotation center axis 10 as the reference, the speed of point A VA1 = 3.14*2*LA*N1, and the speed of point B VB1 = 3.14*2*LB*N1, where N1 is the rotation speed of the rotating cutter body 1. Since LB = LA+L / COSβ, VB1 = 3.14*2*(LA+L / COSβ)*N1. At the same time, since points A and B are on the same roller 31, the speed around the roller 31 is 3.14*2*(LA+L / COSβ)*N1. The rotation axis 311 rotates. With the rotation axis 311 as a reference, the velocity of point A is VA2 = 3.14*2*RA*N2, and the velocity of point B is VB2 = 3.14*2*RB*N2, where RA is the distance between point A and the rotation axis 311, i.e., the radius of the inner end surface 312; RB is the distance between point B and the rotation axis 311, i.e., the radius of the outer end surface 313; N2 is the rotation speed of the roller. If the roller is tapered with a taper of β, then RB = RA + tanβ*L.

[0044] It is concluded that: VB2=3.14*2*(RA+tanβ*L)*N2;

[0045] In existing technology, the roller is cylindrical. Since RA = RB, with the roller axis as the reference, points A and B on the roller have the same speed, i.e., VA2 = VB2. However, points A and B are located at different radii on the cutterhead, so VA1 ≠ VB1. Consequently, one end of the roller has the same speed as the workpiece surface, resulting in pure rolling, while the other end experiences a speed difference, leading to sliding between the two. Alternatively, all points on the roller experience sliding with the workpiece. Compared to pure rolling, sliding damages the machined surface, resulting in a decrease in surface quality.

[0046] If a cone is used as a roller, if pure rolling between the roller and the machined surface is to be achieved, the speeds of points A and B at both ends of the roller must be the same as the speeds of the corresponding points on the machined surface.

[0047] That is: VB1=VB2 and VA1=VA2.

[0048] 3.14*2*LA*N1=VA1=VA2=3.14*2*RA*N2→LA*N1=RA*N2;

[0049] 3.14*2*(LA+L / COSβ)*N1=VB1=VB2=3.14*2*(RA+tanβ*L)*N2→(LA+L / cosβ)*N1=(RA+tanβ*L)*N2;

[0050] That is: (LA+L / cosβ) / LA=(RA+tanβ*L) / RA→RA / LA=SINβ;

[0051] From the above analysis, it can be seen that the tapered roller can achieve pure rolling with the machined surface. However, the above formula needs to be satisfied, that is, the roller needs to be installed at a specific position of the tool, and this position is related to the structural dimensions of the tapered roller.

[0052] In this embodiment, the installation position of the roller 31 on the lower end surface 12 is determined according to the formula RA / LA=SINβ. However, since the roller busbar of the present invention is a circular arc, it cannot strictly conform to the above formula, that is, the two points on the end surface of the roller 31 realize pure rolling, but the point in the middle of the busbar still has a speed difference with the workpiece being processed, and its size is related to the size of the arc. Since the present embodiment adopts a large arc busbar, compared with the cylindrical roller, the speed difference between each point on the present invention and the processed surface is already very small. Therefore, the present invention improves the surface quality of the processed surface compared with the cylindrical roller.

[0053] In this embodiment, a mounting groove 121 is provided on the lower end surface 12, and the rolling device 3 also includes a fixed pressure plate 32, which has a fixing hole 321. The roller 31 is installed in the mounting groove 121 and is limited by the fixing hole 321 of the fixed pressure plate 32 so that it can rotate freely around the rotation axis 311 in the mounting groove 121.

[0054] In this embodiment, the cutting device 2 includes a cutting blade 21, a pressure block 22 and a stud screw 23. The pressure block 22 fixes the cutting blade 21 in the tool groove on the lower end surface 12 and moves the pressure block 22 back and forth along the screw axis by rotating the stud screw 23 to achieve tightening and loosening of the cutting blade 21.

[0055] In the direction of the rotation center axis 10, the lower side of the rolled side surface 314 is located below the main cutting edge of the cutting blade 21, and the distance between the two is the rolling allowance S, which should satisfy: 0.01mm≤S≤0.4mm. In this embodiment, S=0.15mm.

[0056] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, this is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, utilize the technical content disclosed above to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutting tool with a rolling device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a rotary cutter body (1), a plurality of cutting devices (2) and a plurality of rolling devices (3), wherein the rotary cutter body (1) comprises an upper end face (11) and a lower end face (12), wherein the upper end face (11) and the lower end face (12) are both perpendicular to the rotation center axis (10) of the rotary cutter body (1), a plurality of the cutting devices (2) are arranged on the lower end face (12) and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotary cutter body (1), a plurality of the rolling devices (3) are arranged on the lower end face (12) and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotary cutter body (1), and in the radial direction of the rotary cutter body (1), the distance between the rolling devices (3) and the rotation center axis (10) is smaller than the distance between the cutting devices (2) and the rotation center axis (10), and the height difference between the working surfaces of the cutting devices (2) and the rolling devices (3) in the axial direction of the rotary cutter body (1) is constant.

2. The cutting tool with a rolling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation axis (311) of the roller (31) of the rolling device (3) is located on the radial cross section of the rotating blade (1).

3. The cutting tool with a rolling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: On a radial section of the rotating blade (1) passing through the rotating shaft (311), an angle α between the rotating shaft (311) and the lower end surface (12) is equal to the taper of the roller (31), and satisfies the following conditions: 1°≤α≤15°.

4. The cutting tool with a rolling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The roller (31) comprises an inner end surface (312), an outer end surface (313), and a rolling side surface (314) connecting the inner end surface (312) and the outer end surface (313); the rolling side surface (314) is a drum-shaped structure; the inner end surface (312) and the outer end surface (313) are both perpendicular to the rotation axis (311); and the diameter of the inner end surface (312) is smaller than the diameter of the outer end surface (313).

5. The cutting tool with a rolling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: On a cross section passing through the rotation axis (311), the contour line of the rolled side surface (314) is an arc, and the radius of the arc is R, which should satisfy: 100mm≤R≤500mm.

6. The cutting tool with a rolling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: On a cross section passing through the rotation axis (311), the maximum distance between the chord AB corresponding to the arc contour line of the rolled side surface (314) and the arc contour line is H, which should satisfy: H ≥ 0.05 mm.

7. The cutting tool with a rolling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The taper of the roller (31) is β, the radius of the inner end surface (312) is RA, and the maximum distance between the inner end surface (312) and the rotation center axis (10) in the radial direction of the rotating blade (1) is LA, which should satisfy: RA / LA=SINβ.

8. The cutting tool with a rolling device according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The lower end surface (12) is provided with a mounting groove (121), and the rolling device (3) further comprises a fixed pressing plate (32), wherein the fixed pressing plate (32) is provided with a fixing hole (321), and the roller (31) is mounted in the mounting groove (121) and is limited by the fixing hole (321) of the fixed pressing plate (32) so as to freely rotate around the rotation axis (311) in the mounting groove (121).

9. The cutting tool with a rolling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cutting device (2) comprises a cutting blade (21), a pressing block (22) and a stud screw (23); the pressing block (22) fixes the cutting blade (21) in a knife groove on the lower end surface (12); and by rotating the stud screw (23), the pressing block (22) moves forward and backward along the screw axis to achieve compression and loosening of the cutting blade (21).

10. The cutting tool with a rolling device according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the direction of the rotation center axis (10), the lower side of the rolled side surface (314) is located below the main cutting edge of the cutting blade (21), and the distance between the two is S, which should satisfy: 0.01mm≤S≤0.4mm.

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