Soft Rock Cutting Steel Tooth Hob

Abstract

The present invention relates to a steel-tooth hob for cutting soft rock. At least two rows of tooth rows are provided on the outer periphery of the roller body. The steel teeth on each row of tooth rows are arranged obliquely. At least one tooth row is distributed with half teeth. The teeth between the tooth rows are staggered. The half teeth and full teeth on the tooth row are arranged alternately; the tooth rows are arranged in an interleaved manner to form a self-cleaning structure. The tooth grooves between the tooth bodies in the same row, the spacing grooves between the tooth rows, and the half-tooth reserved space together form a directional S-shaped guiding slag discharge channel. The steel tooth rows are staggered, and the half teeth and full teeth are arranged alternately, avoiding the overlap of the rock-breaking trajectories of the tooth bodies and repeated crushing at the bottom of the well, achieving full coverage of the bottom of the well, and ensuring that the hob has a high mechanical drilling speed and efficiency; the grooves and half teeth together form a smooth slag discharge channel. During raise boring, with the drive of the drill pipe, the mud and mud bolls attached to the wheel body flow quickly under the action of centrifugal force and are quickly discharged through the complete guiding slag discharge channel, improving the slag discharge efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a soft rock cutting steel tooth hob, belonging to the technical field of raise boring cutters. Background Art

[0002] As an important construction equipment for ore bins, ventilation holes, pressure pipelines of hydropower systems, cable equipment wells, etc., raise boring machines are widely used in the construction of coal mines, metal mines, water conservancy and hydropower projects, etc. It mainly drives a hydraulic motor through the motor of the boring machine, the hydraulic motor drives the swivel, and uses hydraulic power to transmit torque to the drill string system, driving the drill pipe and the drill bit to rotate. The hob on the pilot hole drill bit or the reaming drill bit makes pure rolling or micro-slip along the working surface of the bottom rock under the action of the drilling pressure. At the same time, the axial pulling and pressing forces generated by the main engine cylinder also act on the pilot hole drill bit or the reaming drill bit through the power head and the drill pipe, so that the hob of the pilot hole drill bit rolls under the action of the drilling pressure, generating an impact load, causing the hob teeth to impact, extrude and shear the rock, and break the rock. As an important rock-breaking tool for mechanical excavation, how to improve the rock-breaking efficiency of raise boring cutters, especially the rock-breaking efficiency of hobs for soft rock strata, is very important for reducing the construction cost of mining equipment and hydropower stations and shortening the construction period.

[0003] For the soft rock strata of the raise boring process, as the diameter of the formed hole increases, the volume of the broken rock strata increases and deposits at the bottom of the hole, which is extremely easy to form mud packs. Therefore, how to improve the cutting efficiency and quickly discharge the slag becomes particularly important. At present, in order to facilitate processing, each steel tooth manufacturer adopts an integral tooth arrangement structure for the steel teeth, that is: each row of teeth is arranged side by side in the same direction. In this tooth arrangement, the overlapping of each row of teeth is serious, the tooth bodies of the steel teeth are repeatedly broken at the bottom of the well, and the efficiency is extremely low. At the same time, it is not conducive to guiding the slag discharge. The mud packs adhere to the outer surfaces of the wheel body and the tooth body for a long time, which is easy to cause early wear and failure of the tooth body. Therefore, how to improve the rock-breaking efficiency and is conducive to guiding the slag discharge is particularly important. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a soft rock cutting steel tooth hob.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The soft rock cutting steel tooth hob is characterized in that: it includes a roller body and a mandrel integrally connected thereto. At least two rows of tooth rows are arranged on the outer periphery of the roller body. The steel teeth on each row of tooth rows are arranged obliquely. At least one row of tooth rows is distributed with half teeth. The teeth between the tooth rows are arranged staggeredly. The half teeth and full teeth on the tooth rows are arranged alternately; the teeth between the tooth rows are arranged staggeredly; the tooth rows are arranged in a staggered and interlaced manner to form a self-cleaning structure. The tooth grooves between the tooth bodies in the same row, the spacing grooves between the tooth rows, and the half tooth reserved spaces together form a directional S-shaped slag guiding flow channel.

[0007] Further, in the above soft rock cutting steel tooth hob, one or more open U-shaped grooves are provided on the teeth of the tooth row.

[0008] Further, in the above soft rock cutting steel tooth hob, the teeth of the tooth row are inclined steel teeth, and the inclination angle is 10° to 45°.

[0009] Further, in the above soft rock cutting steel tooth hob, a wear-resistant surfacing layer is provided on the U-shaped groove, and the wear-resistant surfacing layer is a full-wrap wear-resistant surfacing layer or a semi-wrap wear-resistant surfacing layer.

[0010] Further, in the above soft rock cutting steel tooth hob, a wear-resistant surfacing layer is provided on the surface of the steel tooth, and the wear-resistant surfacing layer is a full-wrap wear-resistant surfacing layer or a semi-wrap wear-resistant surfacing layer.

[0011] Further, in the above soft rock cutting steel tooth hob, the distance △L between the guiding slag-discharging flow channels of adjacent tooth rows is 15 to 30 mm.

[0012] Further, in the above soft rock cutting steel tooth hob, the material of the roller body is low-carbon alloy steel 15MnNi4Mo, 15CrNiMo, 42CrMo or 20CrNiMo.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has remarkable advantages and beneficial effects, which are specifically embodied in the following aspects:

[0014] ① The tooth arrangement structure of the present invention is novel. The steel tooth rows are staggered, and half teeth and full teeth are alternately arranged, avoiding the overlap of the rock-breaking trajectories of the tooth bodies and repeated crushing at the bottom of the well. The relatively high exposure height of the steel teeth not only achieves full coverage at the bottom of the well, but also ensures that the hob has a relatively high mechanical drilling rate, improving the drilling efficiency.

[0015] ② The staggered arrangement of each tooth row forms a self-cleaning structure. The tooth grooves between the tooth bodies in the same row, the spacing grooves between the tooth rows, and the reserved space for half teeth together form a directional S-shaped guiding slag-discharging flow channel. During raise boring, with the drive of the drill pipe, the mud and mud bales attached to the wheel body flow rapidly under the action of centrifugal force and are finally discharged quickly through the complete guiding slag-discharging flow channel, effectively improving the slag-discharging efficiency and avoiding the abrasion of the tooth body by the mud and mud bales.

[0016] ③ It solves the problems of low rock-breaking efficiency of the raise boring steel tooth hob, being not conducive to guiding slag discharge and easily causing early wear and failure of the wheel body and tooth ring, improves the service life of the hob, shortens the construction period, and effectively reduces the production cost.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the specific embodiments of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] To clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and thus should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0019] Figure 1 : Structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 : Structural schematic diagram of the guiding slag discharge channel;

[0021] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the inclination angle of the inclined steel teeth;

[0022] Figure 4 : Structural schematic diagram of the full teeth;

[0023] Figure 5 : Structural schematic diagram of the half teeth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention usually described and illustrated in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of the present invention, orientation terms and order terms are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] Such as Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown in the figure, a soft rock cutting steel tooth hob includes a roller body 2 and a mandrel 1 integrally connected thereto. There are three rows of tooth rows arranged on the outer periphery of the roller body 2. The outermost tooth row at the large end is the outer row of teeth 3, the innermost tooth row is the top row of teeth 5, and the middle is the inner row of teeth 4. The steel teeth on each row of tooth rows are arranged obliquely, and the teeth are inclined steel teeth with an inclination angle of 10° to 45°. The teeth between the tooth rows are staggered, and half teeth and full teeth are arranged alternately; there are half teeth 7 distributed on at least one tooth row. For example, there are both half teeth 7 and full teeth 8 on the outer row of teeth 3. The surface of the teeth is provided with a wear-resistant surfacing layer, and the wear-resistant surfacing layer is a full-wrap wear-resistant surfacing layer or a semi-wrap wear-resistant surfacing layer; the tooth rows are arranged in an interleaved and interpenetrated manner to form a self-cleaning structure. The tooth grooves between the teeth in the same row, the spacing grooves between the tooth rows, and the half-tooth reserved spaces together form a directional S-shaped guiding slag discharge channel 9. The spacing △L between the guiding slag discharge channels of adjacent tooth rows is 15 to 30 mm. The guiding slag discharge channel 9 has a directionality. The interleaved arrangement of the tooth rows and the shaved half teeth with directionality form a smooth channel for guiding slag discharge.

[0027] One or more open U-shaped grooves 6 are provided on the full teeth 8 of the tooth row, such as Figure 4 ; one or more open U-shaped grooves 6 are also provided on the half teeth 7, such as Figure 5 ; the U-shaped groove 6 is provided with a wear-resistant surfacing layer, and the wear-resistant surfacing layer is a full-wrap wear-resistant surfacing layer or a semi-wrap wear-resistant surfacing layer.

[0028] The material of the roller body 2 is low-carbon alloy steel 15MnNi4Mo, 15CrNiMo, 42CrMo or 20CrNiMo.

[0029] The steel teeth adopt an inclined steel tooth structure form. According to the directionality of raise boring (the drill rotates clockwise), the inclined steel teeth form an inclination angle of α, β, γ with the cone axis, such as Figure 3 , the included angle α between each tooth row of the inclined steel teeth and the central axis of the roller matrix is 20°, β is 20°, and γ is 20°.

[0030] The steel tooth rows are staggered, and half teeth and full teeth are arranged alternately, avoiding the overlap of the rock-breaking trajectories of the tooth bodies and repeated crushing at the bottom of the well. The relatively high exposed height of the steel teeth not only achieves full coverage of the bottom of the well, but also ensures that the hob has a high mechanical drilling speed and improves the drilling efficiency.

[0031] Guiding slag discharge channels are provided between the steel tooth rows. Each groove and the shaved half teeth together form a smooth channel. During raise boring, with the drive of the drill pipe, the mud and mud bales attached to the wheel body flow quickly under the action of centrifugal force and are finally quickly discharged through the complete guiding slag discharge channel, effectively improving the slag discharge efficiency. At the same time, it avoids the abrasion of the tooth body by the mud and mud bales, thereby improving the service life of the hob, shortening the construction period, effectively reducing the production cost, and having an ideal actual use effect.

[0032] In summary, the cutter layout structure of the present invention is novel in design, solving the problems of low rock-breaking efficiency of reverse shaft steel-tooth hob, being not conducive to guiding slag discharge and easily causing early wear and failure of the wheel body and gear ring, etc.

[0033] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0034] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or replacements, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the said element.

Claims

1. Soft rock cutting steel tooth hob, characterized in that: It includes a roller body (2) and a mandrel (1) integrally connected thereto. At least three rows of tooth rows are provided on the outer periphery of the roller body (2). The steel teeth on each row of tooth rows are arranged obliquely. At least one tooth row is distributed with half teeth (7). The teeth between the tooth rows are arranged staggeredly. The half teeth and full teeth on the tooth row are arranged alternately; one or more open U-shaped grooves (6) are formed on the teeth of the tooth row; the tooth rows are arranged in an interleaved manner to form a self-cleaning structure. The tooth grooves between the teeth of the same row, the spacing grooves between the tooth rows, and the reserved space for the half teeth together form a directional S-shaped slag guiding flow channel (9).

2. The steel-tooth hob for cutting soft rock according to claim 1, wherein: The teeth of the tooth row are inclined steel teeth, and the inclination angle is 10° to 45°.

3. The steel-tooth hob for cutting soft rock according to claim 1, wherein: A wear-resistant surfacing layer is provided on the U-shaped groove (6), and the wear-resistant surfacing layer is a full-pack wear-resistant surfacing layer or a half-pack wear-resistant surfacing layer.

4. The soft rock cutting steel tooth hob according to claim 1, wherein: A wear-resistant surfacing layer is provided on the surface of the steel teeth, and the wear-resistant surfacing layer is a full-pack wear-resistant surfacing layer or a half-pack wear-resistant surfacing layer.

5. The soft rock cutting steel tooth hob according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing △L between the slag guiding flow channels of adjacent tooth rows is 15 to 30 mm.

6. The steel-tooth hob for cutting soft rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the roller body (2) is low-carbon alloy steel 15MnNi4Mo, 15CrNiMo, 42CrMo or 20CrNiMo.

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