A herbicide synergistic safety composition and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention provides a herbicide synergistic safety composition, its preparation method, and application, relating to the technical field of herbicides. The herbicide synergistic safety composition of the present invention comprises, by mass percentage, 1-5% p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide, 1-5% synergist, 10-20% emulsifier, 1-5% dispersant, 0.5-2% suspending agent, with the remainder being supplemented by methylated soybean oil. The herbicide synergistic safety composition prepared by the present invention can alleviate herbicide damage to corn through the action of p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide; through the action of the synergist, it can improve the herbicide's weed control effect and simultaneously enhance the phytotoxicity mitigation effect of p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide. When the synergistic safety composition is mixed with a herbicide and applied, it can achieve the dual effects of increasing the herbicide's weed control effect and reducing herbicide damage to corn.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of herbicides, and in particular to a herbicide synergistic and safe composition, a preparation method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The occurrence of weeds in farmland has seriously impacted agricultural production and development. Chemical control using herbicides is currently the most time-saving, labor-saving, and effective weed control method. In current agricultural production, the increasing frequency of extreme climate events such as high temperatures, droughts, and low rainfall, as well as the succession of weed communities in farmland, have led to a decrease in the effectiveness of herbicides against weeds, and crop damage has become more frequent. Cyprosulfamide, a new herbicide safener with the CAS number 221667-31-8, can be used to mitigate the damage to crops caused by herbicide inhibitors of acetolactate synthase (ALS) and para-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD). However, while safeners enhance crop metabolism of herbicides and mitigate their adverse effects, they also reduce the effectiveness of herbicides against weeds (Lin Ruichang et al., Effects of Mixed Herbicide and Safener Use on Weed Control Efficacy and Safety of Broomcorn Millet. Journal of Pesticide Science, 2022). Synergists can increase the deposition, spreading, resistance to rainwater erosion, resistance to evaporation, wax layer penetration, and absorption and conduction capacity of foliar herbicides, ultimately improving the target deposition efficiency of the herbicide and increasing its weed control efficacy while also increasing the risk of herbicide damage to crops. To address these two issues, the herbicide synergistic safener composition of the present invention selectively protects crops from herbicide damage while enhancing herbicide activity against target weeds, achieving both increased control efficacy and reduced herbicide damage. Currently, there are no reports of synergistic safener compositions that can both enhance herbicide control efficacy against weeds and mitigate herbicide damage to crops. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a herbicide synergistic safety composition, which can enhance the weed control effect of the herbicide while alleviating the herbicide's damage to crops.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The invention discloses a herbicide synergistic safety composition, which comprises the following components, calculated by mass percentage: 1-5% of p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide, 1-5% of a synergist, 10-20% of an emulsifier, 1-5% of a dispersant, 0.5-2% of a suspending agent, and the balance is supplemented by methylated soybean oil; the mass ratio of the p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide to the synergist is 5:1-1:5.

[0006] Preferably, the total mass of the p-isopropyltoluenesulfonamide and the synergist is 2-10% of the total mass of the composition.

[0007] Preferably, the synergist comprises one or more of anisyl acetate, sodium diisooctyl sulfomalate, and isomeric alcohol ethers.

[0008] Preferably, the emulsifier includes one or more of sorbitol trioleate, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, styrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, potassium sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether.

[0009] Preferably, the dispersant includes one or more of polycarboxylates, lignin sulfonates, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates and alkyl aryl polyoxyethylene ether phosphates; and the suspending agent includes one or more of white carbon black, organic bentonite, diatomaceous earth, talc and light calcium carbonate.

[0010] The present invention also discloses a preparation method of the herbicide synergistic and safening composition, comprising the following steps: weighing p-isopropyltoluenesulfonamide, a synergist, an emulsifier, a dispersant, a suspending agent and methylated soybean oil according to a ratio, sequentially adding them into a feeding kettle, stirring them thoroughly and evenly, grinding them with a colloid mill for 2 to 3 times, and then sand-milling and shearing them evenly to obtain the composition.

[0011] Preferably, the stirring speed is 800-1200 rpm, and the stirring time is 30-90 min.

[0012] The invention also discloses an application of the herbicide synergistic safety composition in increasing the herbicide efficacy and alleviating the herbicide damage to corn.

[0013] Preferably, the herbicide synergistic and safener composition is mixed with a herbicide and then used for weeding in corn fields.

[0014] More preferably, the herbicide includes nicosulfuron, tembotrione, and sulfasulfuron-methyl.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0016] The herbicide synergistic and safening composition provided by the present invention not only reduces the surface tension of the herbicide solution, increasing its adhesion and retention on weed leaf surfaces, but also dissolves plant epidermal wax, promoting the penetration of the herbicide through the epidermis and its movement to target sites. This significantly enhances the herbicide's control efficacy against monocotyledonous weeds such as crabgrass and goosegrass, as well as dicotyledonous weeds such as Amaranthus retroflexus and Abutilon. Furthermore, because the synergistic and safening composition contains p-isopropyltoluenesulfonamide, it significantly mitigates herbicide damage to crops and increases the safety of the herbicide for corn. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention discloses a herbicide synergistic safety composition, which preferably comprises the following components, calculated by mass percentage: 1-5% p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide, 1-5% synergist, 10-20% emulsifier, 1-5% dispersant, 0.5-2% suspending agent, and the balance is methylated soybean oil; the mass ratio of the p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide to the synergist is 5:1 to 1:5. More preferably, the herbicide synergistic safety composition comprises the following components: 2-4% p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide, 2-4% synergist, 12-15% emulsifier, 2-4% dispersant, 1-1.5% suspending agent, and the balance is methylated soybean oil; the mass ratio of the p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide to the synergist is 3:1 to 1:3. By adjusting the dosage and ratio of p-isopropyltoluenesulfonamide and a synergist, the present invention significantly alters the plant's absorption, transfer, and metabolism of the herbicide, improving weed control efficacy while also increasing the herbicide's safety for corn. The synergistic safety composition prepared by mixing p-isopropyltoluenesulfonamide with a synergist in the present invention effectively improves the herbicide's control efficacy and reduces its phytotoxicity to corn.

[0018] In the present invention, the total mass of the p-isopropyl toluene sulfonamide and the synergist is 2-10% of the total mass of the composition. Preferably, the total mass of the p-isopropyl toluene sulfonamide and the synergist is 4-8% of the total mass of the composition; more preferably, the total mass of the p-isopropyl toluene sulfonamide and the synergist is 5-6% of the total mass of the composition.

[0019] In the present invention, the synergist includes one or more of anisyl acetate, sodium diisooctyl sulfomalate, and isomeric alcohol ethers.

[0020] In the present invention, the emulsifier includes one or more of sorbitol trioleate, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, styrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, potassium sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether.

[0021] In the present invention, the dispersant comprises one or more of polycarboxylates, lignin sulfonates, alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, and alkylaryl polyoxyethylene ether phosphates; the suspending agent comprises one or more of white carbon black, organobentonite, diatomaceous earth, talc, and light calcium carbonate. The addition of p-isopropyl toluene sulfonamide in the present invention significantly mitigates herbicide damage to corn. The addition of a synergist improves the distribution and adhesion of the herbicide on plant leaf surfaces, increasing its retention, extending its retention time, and enhancing its ability to penetrate the plant epidermis. This enhances the herbicide's biological activity and the phytotoxicity mitigation effect of p-isopropyl toluene sulfonamide. The addition of an emulsifier stabilizes the herbicide, preventing stratification and precipitation during storage. The addition of a dispersant improves the herbicide's dispersibility, while the addition of a suspending agent increases herbicide adsorption and improves its utilization. In the present invention, methylated soybean oil is used as the main raw material, and p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide, a synergist, an emulsifier, a dispersant, and a suspending agent can be fully mixed. In the present invention, the sources of the emulsifier, dispersant, and suspending agent are not particularly limited and can be selected from conventional commercial products.

[0022] The present invention also discloses a method for preparing the herbicide synergistic and safener composition, comprising the following steps: weighing p-isopropyltoluenesulfonamide, a synergist, an emulsifier, a dispersant, and a suspending agent according to a certain ratio, sequentially placing them into a feeding kettle, stirring them thoroughly, grinding them 2-3 times in a colloid mill, and then sand-milling and shearing them until uniform. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the composition is subjected to three-stage sand milling, grinding for 10-20 minutes, and shearing for 20-30 minutes in a shearing machine. Three-stage sand milling refers to sand milling in series with a primary, secondary, and tertiary sand mills.

[0023] In the present invention, the stirring speed is 800-1200 rpm, and the stirring time is 30-90 min. Preferably, the stirring speed is 900-1000 rpm, and the stirring time is 50-60 min.

[0024] The invention also discloses an application of the herbicide synergistic safety composition in increasing the herbicide efficacy and alleviating the herbicide damage to corn.

[0025] In the present invention, the herbicide synergistic and safener composition is mixed with a herbicide and then used for weeding in corn fields.

[0026] In the present invention, the herbicides include nicosulfuron, tembotrione and sulfasulfuron-methyl.

[0027] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A herbicide synergistic safety composition comprises the following components, calculated by mass percentage: 1% p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide, 5% anisyl acetate, 15% calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 4% alkylaryl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 1% magnesium aluminum silicate, and 74% methylated soybean oil.

[0030] The preparation method of the herbicide synergistic and safe composition comprises the following steps: adding the components into a feeding kettle in sequence according to a proportion, stirring at a speed of 1000 rpm for 60 minutes, and fully stirring; after stirring and mixing, grinding the mixture three times in a colloid mill, then grinding the mixture in a three-stage sand mill for 20 minutes, and finally shearing the mixture in a shearing machine for 30 minutes. After uniform shearing, the herbicide synergistic and safe composition is obtained.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] A herbicide synergistic and safening composition comprises the following components, calculated by mass percentage: 4% p-isopropyl toluene sulfonamide, 1% isomeric alcohol ether, 20% styrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 5% lignosulfonate, 2% organobentonite, and 68% methylated soybean oil. The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] A herbicide synergistic and safening composition comprises the following components, calculated by mass percentage: 5% p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide, 1% sodium diisooctyl maleate sulfonate, 10% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 3% alkylaryl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 2% magnesium aluminum silicate, and 79% methylated soybean oil. The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0035] Comparative Example 1

[0036] The specific embodiment is the same as Example 1, except that p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide is not included and is supplemented with methylated soybean oil.

[0037] Comparative Example 2

[0038] The specific embodiment is the same as Example 1, except that anisyl acetate is not included and is supplemented with methylated soybean oil.

[0039] Comparative Example 3

[0040] The specific embodiment is the same as Example 2, except that p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide is not included and is supplemented with methylated soybean oil.

[0041] Comparative Example 4

[0042] The specific implementation method is the same as Example 2, except that the isomeric alcohol ether is not included and is supplemented with methylated soybean oil.

[0043] Comparative Example 5

[0044] The specific embodiment is the same as Example 3, except that p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide is not included and is supplemented with methylated soybean oil.

[0045] Comparative Example 6

[0046] The specific embodiment is the same as Example 3, except that sodium diisooctyl sulfomalate is not included and is supplemented with methylated soybean oil.

[0047] Test Example 1 Effect of the Synergistic and Safener Composition on the Physical Properties of Herbicide Solution

[0048] The effect of the synergistic combination on the surface tension of the nicosulfuron solution was determined using a fully automatic interfacial tension meter. Referring to the methods of Zhang Zhongliang, Lu Mei, Yuan Huizhu, etc., the effects of the synergistic combination on the expanded diameter, maximum liquid holding capacity, drying time and other properties of the nicosulfuron solution were determined. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0049] Table 1 Effects of the synergistic and safening composition on the physical properties of herbicide solutions

[0050]

[0051] As shown in Table 1, the synergistic and safener composition of the present invention significantly reduces the surface tension of the herbicide nicosulfuron solution, increases its expansion diameter, improves the maximum liquid retention of the solution on plant leaves, and prolongs the drying time of the solution. Compared with Comparative Examples 1, 3, and 5, the synergistic and safener composition has roughly the same effect on the nicosulfuron solution. Comparative Examples 2, 4, and 6 have significantly less effect on the nicosulfuron solution than the synergistic and safener composition of the present invention.

[0052] Test Example 2 Field Test on the Effect of Synergistic and Safener Composition on the Weed Control Effect of Herbicides

[0053] In 2021, a field plot trial was conducted using nicosulfuron in combination with nicosulfuron, with four replicates per treatment and an area of ​​20 m2 per plot. 2The synergistic and safe composition was provided by the Weed Research Laboratory of the Institute of Cereals and Oils Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, and 4% nicosulfuron dispersible oil suspension (commercially available). The test site was located in Dishang Village, Gaocheng District, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province. When corn seedlings were 3 to 5 leaves old, the stems and leaves were sprayed with 30L of water per mu according to the test volume. 28 days after application, 1m3 of the solution was weighed from each plot. 2 The fresh weight of the aboveground part of the weeds in the sample plot is used to calculate the fresh weight control effect of weeds. The calculation formula of fresh weight control effect is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] Table 2 Effect of synergistic safening combination on fresh weight control effect of herbicides against weeds

[0056]

[0057] As shown in Table 2, the synergistic safener composition significantly increases the control efficacy of nicosulfuron against goosegrass, crabgrass, Amaranthus retroflexus, and velvetleaf, while reducing the amount of herbicide used. Compared with Comparative Examples 2, 4, and 6, the synergistic safener composition of the present invention, due to the inclusion of a synergist, significantly enhances the weed control efficacy of the herbicide, achieving comparable synergistic effects to those of Comparative Examples 1, 3, and 5.

[0058] Test Example 3 Field Test on the Effect of Synergistic Safety Composition on the Safety of Herbicides to Crops

[0059] The safety test results of corn after the synergistic safety composition was mixed with nicosulfuron herbicide are shown in Table 3. The test site and application time were as described above. The phytotoxicity was graded according to the following standards:

[0060] Level 1: Crops grow normally without any damage symptoms;

[0061] Level 2: The crops are slightly damaged by pesticides, with the damage rate less than 10%;

[0062] Level 3: The crop is moderately damaged by the pesticide, but can recover later and the yield is not affected;

[0063] Level 4: The crop is severely damaged by pesticides and is difficult to recover, resulting in a reduction in yield;

[0064] Level 5: Crops are severely damaged by pesticides and cannot recover, resulting in serious yield reduction or even total loss.

[0065] Table 3 Effect of synergistic safening composition on the safety of herbicides to corn

[0066]

[0067] As shown in Table 3, treatment with nicosulfuron alone at 90 g ai / ha poses a risk of phytotoxicity to corn. However, the addition of the combination significantly mitigates phytotoxicity to corn. Comparative Examples 1, 3, and 5, which do not contain p-isopropyltoluenesulfonamide and only possess a synergistic effect, exhibit significantly greater corn damage after admixture with the herbicide than treatment with the enhanced and safened combination of the present invention and nicosulfuron. The synergist in the enhanced and safened combination of the present invention has a synergistic effect with p-isopropyltoluenesulfonamide, significantly mitigating phytotoxicity to nicosulfuron compared to Comparative Examples 2, 4, and 6.

[0068] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A herbicide synergistic safening composition for use in increasing the efficacy of herbicides and alleviating their phytotoxicity to corn, characterized in that: The herbicide synergistic and safening composition is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 1% p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide, 5% anisyl acetate, 15% calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 4% alkylaryl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 1% magnesium aluminum silicate, 74% methylated soybean oil; or, 4% p-isopropyl toluene sulfonamide, 1% isomeric alcohol ether, 20% styrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 5% wood sulfonate, 2% organic bentonite, 68% methylated soybean oil; or, 5% p-isopropyl toluene sulfonamide, 1% sodium dioctyl maleate sulfonate, 10% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 3% alkyl aryl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 2% magnesium aluminum silicate, 79% methylated soybean oil; The herbicide synergistic and safener composition is mixed with a herbicide and then used for weeding in a corn field; The herbicide is nicosulfuron.

2. A herbicide synergistic and safening composition, characterized in that: In terms of mass percentage, it is composed of the following components: 1% p-isopropyl toluenesulfonamide, 5% anisyl acetate, 15% calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 4% alkylaryl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 1% magnesium aluminum silicate, 74% methylated soybean oil; or, 4% p-isopropyl toluene sulfonamide, 1% isomeric alcohol ether, 20% styrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 5% wood sulfonate, 2% organic bentonite, 68% methylated soybean oil; or, 5% p-isopropyl toluene sulfonamide, 1% sodium dioctyl maleate sulfonate, 10% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 3% alkyl aryl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 2% magnesium aluminum silicate, 79% methylated soybean oil.

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