Non-stick cookware and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

Provided is a non-stick cookware and a manufacturing method thereof, the non-stick cookware comprising: a substrate; a metal fatty acid salt layer arranged on the substrate layer. While depositing metal by PVD, fatty acid vapor is introduced, thereby forming a metal fatty acid salt layer on the substrate. On the one hand, metal atoms are excited and activated during the PVD coating process, which facilitates chemical bonding with fatty acids. On the other hand, the PVD film has high purity and good density, and the precipitation of heavy metal elements such as cobalt, chromium, and nickel is small, which expands the use category of surface modification elements that are more easily combined with fatty acids.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of non-stick technology, and more specifically, relates to a non-stick cooker and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] There are three main directions for the realization of non-stick technology: 1) low surface energy of the surface itself; 2) forming a hydrophobic and oleophobic surface similar to the surface of a lotus leaf through a microscopic concave-convex structure; 3) porous oil storage to form a stable oil film, using oil as a medium to achieve non-stick.

[0003] At present, the main non-stick materials for cookware are fluorine coating, ceramic coating and silicone resin. These three non-stick materials are mainly formed on the inner surface of the cookware by spraying to form a non-stick coating to achieve the purpose of non-stick when heating food. Fluorine coatings mainly include PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PFOA (perfluorooctanoic acid ammonium), PFA (copolymer of perfluoropropyl perfluorovinyl ether and polytetrafluoroethylene), FEP (polyperfluoroethylene propylene copolymer), ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer), etc. The non-stick principle is mainly that fluorine-containing polymers have extremely low surface free energy. Ceramic coatings are mainly coatings with inorganic silicon with a silicon-oxygen bond structure as the main component. It mainly achieves the non-stick effect by forming a nanostructure on the surface of the cookware. Silicone resin mainly uses its low surface energy to achieve the non-stick effect. Although these three types of coatings have non-stick effects, they all have obvious defects: the fluorine coating non-stick coating is not resistant to wear, so you cannot use a shovel when cooking, and you cannot use a steel wool or scouring pad to clean it. Decomposition at high temperatures may produce harmful substances, and the non-stick properties decrease after wear; the non-stick effect of ceramic coatings is worse than that of fluorine coatings. It mainly uses the silicone oil in the coating system to achieve non-stickness, but its long-term non-stickness is not good. Generally, the coating will fall off easily after 3 to 6 months of use; the non-stick effect of silicone coatings is also worse than that of fluorine coatings. After contact with high temperature or open flame, its color tends to turn yellow or gray, and its hardness decreases at high temperature, which easily produces "re-sticking" phenomenon.

[0004] It can be seen from this that non-stick materials generally have the problem of poor long-term non-stick properties and are not resistant to high-temperature stir-frying. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve at least one of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a non-stick cookware and a method for preparing the same. The present invention is conceived to treat the surface of the cookware substrate with PVD and simultaneously add fatty acid vapor to deposit a metal fatty acid salt layer. On the one hand, the metal atoms are excited and activated during the PVD coating process, which facilitates chemical bonding with fatty acid. On the other hand, the PVD film has high purity and good density, and the precipitation of heavy metal elements such as cobalt, chromium, and nickel is small, which expands the use category of surface modification elements that are more easily combined with organic acids.

[0006] According to an aspect of the present invention, a non-stick cookware may include: a base; and a metal fatty acid salt layer formed on the base, wherein the metal fatty acid salt layer is a layer formed using metal and fatty acid.

[0007] In an embodiment, the metal may include at least one of Mg, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Al, Sn, and Ti.

[0008] In an embodiment, the fatty acid may include at least one of stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, lauric acid, and linolenic acid.

[0009] In an embodiment, the thickness of the metal fatty acid salt layer may be 0.5 μm-2 μm.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a non-stick cookware may include: providing a substrate; and applying a metal fatty acid salt layer on the substrate, wherein the metal fatty acid salt layer is a layer formed using metal and fatty acid.

[0011] In an embodiment, the metal may include at least one of Mg, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Al, Sn, and Ti.

[0012] In an embodiment, the fatty acid may include at least one of stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, lauric acid, and linolenic acid.

[0013] In an embodiment, the metal fatty acid salt layer may be applied on the substrate by spraying.

[0014] In an embodiment, the spraying method may be arc spraying.

[0015] In an embodiment, the step of applying the metal fatty acid salt layer may include: introducing fatty acid vapor while spraying the metal to form the metal fatty acid salt layer.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the inventive concept, the surface of the cookware substrate is subjected to PVD treatment and fatty acid vapor is added to deposit a layer of metal fatty acid salt. On the one hand, the metal atoms are stimulated and activated during the PVD coating process, which facilitates chemical bonding with fatty acids. On the other hand, the PVD film has high purity and good density, and the amount of heavy metal elements such as cobalt, chromium, and nickel precipitated is small, which expands the use category of surface modification elements that are more easily combined with fatty acids. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Now, the present invention will be more fully described below in conjunction with exemplary embodiments shown therein, however, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0018] It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being “on” another element, the element can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may be present therebetween. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on” another element, there are no intervening elements present.

[0019] Now, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail hereinafter.

[0020] When using cookware to cook food, the phenomenon of food sticking to the cookware often occurs. The foods that stick are mainly starch and protein. Specifically, during the cooking process, starch undergoes a series of processes such as water absorption, swelling, gelatinization, and finally carbonization, while protein undergoes a series of processes such as peptide chain dissociation and denaturation, hydrolysis and inactivation, and finally dehydration and carbonization. In this series of processes, starch gel and protein gel will combine with the surface of the cookware, thereby starting to stick to the cookware (stick to the pot), and the bonding force reaches its peak after the food contact surface is carbonized. Based on the above aspects, the bonding mechanism mainly includes the following theories:

[0021] 1) Mechanical bonding theory: The bonding force comes from the mechanical interlocking of the two surfaces, which are connected together by anchoring, hooking, wedging, etc. In fact, this force does not play a major role;

[0022] 2) Adsorption theory: caused by molecular contact and interfacial force between two materials. The main source of adhesion is the intermolecular force including hydrogen bonding force and van der Waals force, which plays a dominant role in the gelation process.

[0023] 3) Chemical bond theory: The atoms between two materials form chemical bonds. The bond energy of chemical bonds is much greater than that between molecules, and the adhesion is stronger. This force plays a dominant role in the process of food burning.

[0024] In the above theory, mechanical bonding can be solved by improving the surface roughness of cookware, and surface adsorption and chemical bonds can be solved by grease. That is to say, by forming a strong oil film on the surface of cookware, the bonding and adhesion between food and metal atoms can be transformed into non-stick contact between food and grease, thereby achieving the purpose of non-stick without coating.

[0025] In addition, since the formation of a firm oil film requires increasing the lipophilic effect of the metal surface, the metal surface can be grafted and modified by using fatty acids to achieve the lipophilicity of the metal surface. Here, fatty acids are the products of normal hydrolysis in natural oils and fats, which are dissolved in oils and fats. They can form fatty acid salts with metal atoms, so that on the one hand, the surface fatty acid anhydride can isolate the microscopic contact between food and pots, and on the other hand, fatty acid anhydride can firmly lock the edible oil as a lipophilic group to form an oil film, thereby preventing food from sticking to the pot. Specifically, a metal layer can be deposited on a substrate by a physical vapor deposition (PVD) process, and then the metal layer is modified by fatty acids. It is difficult for metals to bond directly with fatty acids, the metal activity is insufficient, the fatty acid acidity is weak, and it is difficult to oxidize metal atoms in a 0-valent state into metal ions in a high-valent state, and a long-term processing activation is required. In addition, the existing cookware has less substrates available, and processing the existing cookware greatly limits the types and effects of the materials.

[0026] Therefore, the present inventive concept provides a metal fatty acid non-stick layer capable of forming a metal and fatty acid on a base of a cookware having excellent non-stick properties.

[0027] The inventive concept will be described in detail below in conjunction with exemplary embodiments. Non-stick cookware according to exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept.

[0028] The non-stick cookware according to the present inventive concept may include a substrate, and a metal fatty acid salt layer formed on the substrate.

[0029] The substrate is used to provide a storage space for operations such as cooking of the cooker. Therefore, the substrate can be manufactured into various shapes using metal materials. For example, according to an exemplary embodiment, the substrate may include stainless steel, cast iron, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, copper alloy, magnesium alloy, or a composite material composed of two or more of them, and may have a single-layer or multi-layer structure, but the inventive concept is not limited thereto. In addition, the substrate may be formed into an angled shape and / or a rounded shape according to the process, aesthetic appearance, and specific needs.

[0030] The metal fatty acid salt layer can be conformally formed on at least part or all of the inner surface of the substrate, and the metal fatty acid salt layer can be a layer formed using metal and fatty acid. According to an example, the metal fatty acid salt layer can be formed on part or all of the inner surface of the substrate by reacting the above-mentioned metal target with fatty acid vapor through a spraying method.

[0031] According to an exemplary embodiment, the metal target material can be a single element metal target material, or a binary alloy target material, or a ternary alloy target material. For example, the metal target material can be five single element targets or a combination of a single target material, a binary target material, or a ternary target material. A single element metal target material is preferred because of its low cost. For example, the metal can include at least one of Mg, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Al, Sn, and Ti.

[0032] According to an exemplary embodiment, the fatty acid may include at least one of stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, lauric acid and linolenic acid. Fatty acids are products of normal hydrolysis in natural oils and fats, dissolved in oils and fats, and chemically bonded with metal atoms to form fatty acid salts. On the one hand, the fatty acid anhydride on the surface can isolate the microscopic contact between food and the cookware, and on the other hand, the fatty acid anhydride is a lipophilic group that can firmly lock the edible oil to form an oil film to prevent food from sticking to the pan, thereby improving the non-stick effect of the cookware.

[0033] According to an exemplary embodiment, the thickness of the metal fatty acid salt layer may be 0.5 μm-2 μm, for example, 0.7 μm-1.8 μm, 0.9 μm-1.6 μm, 1.1 μm-1.4 μm, 1.2 μm-1.3 μm. When the thickness of the metal fatty acid salt layer is too thin, for example, less than 0.5 μm, the non-stick effect is reduced. If the thickness of the metal fatty acid salt layer is too thick, for example, greater than 2 μm, the user's cooking experience is poor and causes cost waste.

[0034] Above, the non-stick cookware with a double-layer structure according to the present inventive concept is described in detail in conjunction with exemplary embodiments. Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing the non-stick cookware according to the present inventive concept will be described in detail in conjunction with exemplary embodiments.

[0035] First, a substrate can be provided.

[0036] The base is used to provide a holding space for operations such as cooking of the cooker. Therefore, the base can be manufactured into various shapes using suitable metal materials. The base has been described in detail above, so in order to avoid redundancy, the base is not described in detail here.

[0037] After the substrate is provided, the substrate may be pre-treated.

[0038] The step of pre-treating the substrate may include the steps of ultrasonic cleaning, pickling and rinsing the substrate in sequence. For example, first, a metal cleaning agent prepared according to the use requirements can be placed in the ultrasonic cleaning tank, and ultrasonic degreasing and cleaning can be performed; after the ultrasonic cleaning is completed, the substrate can be pickled with a mixture of sulfuric acid, nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. After the pickling process, the residual alkali solution during ultrasonic cleaning can be neutralized, and the substrate can also be activated; after the pickling is completed, the substrate can be rinsed with deionized water to completely remove the acid solution. Deionized pure water or distilled water must be used for rinsing; after the above three cleaning processes, the substrate is dried immediately or can be dried by wind and then placed in a drying furnace for drying. Here, the drying temperature can be controlled within the range of 100°C-120°C, and the time can be controlled within the range of 1h-1.5h. After three cleanings, the oil stains and residual cleaning liquid on the surface of the substrate can be removed, so that the subsequent process of forming a high entropy ceramic layer to be described later can be better performed. However, the exemplary embodiment is not limited to this, that is, the pre-treatment step can be omitted.

[0039] After that, the step of laying the metal fatty acid salt layer can be carried out sequentially. According to an exemplary embodiment, a PVD multi-arc ion plating process can be used as a laying process to form the metal fatty acid salt layer on the substrate. In the following, a method of forming the metal fatty acid salt layer of the present invention is described in detail by taking PVD multi-arc ion plating as a specific example of a process for forming the metal fatty acid salt layer.

[0040] Before applying the metal fatty acid salt layer, some preparation work can be done, such as cleaning the vacuum coating chamber, checking the arc evaporation source, checking the insulation of the workpiece holder, etc. After completing the above preparation work, the substrate can be placed in the vacuum coating chamber and vacuumized.

[0041] In the process of vacuuming, rough pumping can be performed at the beginning, from the atmosphere to about 5Pa. During the rough pumping, it can be baked and heated to 150℃, and then fine pumping can be performed using an oil diffusion pump. As the temperature of the coating chamber increases, the wall outgassing will reduce the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber, and then it will rise again. When the vacuum degree rises to about 6.6×10 -3 Pa before coating work can be carried out.

[0042] Before performing the coating process on the substrate, the substrate in the vacuum chamber can be subjected to an argon ion bombardment cleaning process. Specifically, when performing the argon ion bombardment cleaning process: high-purity argon gas (99.999%) is introduced to keep the vacuum degree at 2Pa-3Pa, the bombardment voltage is 800V-1000V, and the bombardment time is 10min-15min. By performing argon ion bombardment cleaning on the substrate, dirt and impurities that may exist on the surface of the target material can be removed, and the target material can be activated, so that the subsequent coating process can be carried out stably.

[0043] Next, a metal fatty acid salt layer can be formed on the surface of the substrate after the above steps. A metal fatty acid salt layer can be formed on the inner surface of the substrate by using a metal target and a fatty acid vapor (e.g., 400°C) to react through a PVD multi-arc ion plating process. Specifically, a mixed gas of high-purity argon gas and fatty acid vapor with a volume ratio of 10-20:1 can be introduced into the vacuum coating chamber, and the volume ratio of argon gas to fatty acid vapor can be 10:1, 11:1, 12:1, 13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, 18:1, 19:1 or 20:1. If the volume ratio of argon gas to fatty acid vapor is greater than 20:1, that is, the fatty acid vapor is too little, which is not enough to react with the metal to undergo fatty acid modification, and the formed layer still contains a portion of metal atoms, and the non-stick effect is reduced. If the volume ratio of argon gas to fatty acid vapor is less than 10:1, that is, there are too many fatty acid vapors, which will cause a large amount of fatty acid to corrode the target material, causing target material poisoning and affecting the coating process. At the same time, the vacuum degree can be maintained at 2×10 -2 Pa, and then ignite all arc sources in sequence, the time is 5min-15min, the arc current is 80A-200A, the arc current of appropriate size can be selected according to the material of the target material, the pulse bias is 50V-150V, the duty cycle is 20%-40%, and the deposition temperature is 200℃-250℃. The metal target material may include at least one of Mg, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Al, Sn and Ti. However, the embodiment is not limited thereto, and the metal target material may also include other metals besides those listed here.

[0044] After the above coating process is completed, a cooling process is performed. Specifically, after the coating process is completed, the arc power supply and the bias power supply are first turned off, and then the gas source and the stop frame are turned off. When the substrate is cooled to 80°C-100°C in the vacuum coating chamber, the vacuum coating chamber is filled with air, and then the substrate is taken out.

[0045] After the coating process, a metal fatty acid salt layer with a thickness of 0.5μm-2μm can be formed on the substrate surface. This is because: multi-arc ion plating excites metal atoms through pulse arcs, and migrates to the substrate surface for deposition under the action of the electric field. As the deposition thickness increases, the resistance of the metal fatty acid salt layer on the substrate surface increases, resulting in a weakening of the electric field strength, making it difficult to continue deposition to increase the film thickness.

[0046] The above describes the non-stick cookware and its manufacturing method according to the concept of the present invention in combination with the exemplary embodiments. According to the embodiments of the present invention, by performing PVD treatment on the surface of the cookware substrate and adding fatty acid vapor to deposit a layer of metal fatty acid salt, on the one hand, the metal atoms are excited and activated during the PVD coating process, which is convenient for chemical bonding with fatty acids, and on the other hand, the PVD film has high purity and good density, and the precipitation of heavy metal elements such as cobalt, chromium, and nickel is small, which expands the use category of surface modification elements that are more easily combined with fatty acids.

[0047] In the following, the beneficial effects of the present inventive concept will be reflected by describing in detail specific examples of the present inventive concept.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] The cookware according to Example 1 was prepared according to the following method.

[0050] Prepare the stainless steel pot.

[0051] The stainless steel pot embryo is placed in an ultrasonic cleaning tank, and a commercially available metal cleaning agent is added for cleaning. Then, the stainless steel pot embryo is pickled using a mixture of 8% sulfuric acid, 25% nitric acid, and 10% hydrofluoric acid by mass fraction. After the pickling is completed, the stainless steel pot embryo is rinsed with deionized water. After the rinsing is completed, the stainless steel pot embryo is placed in a furnace and dried at 100°C.

[0052] Clean the vacuum coating chamber, check whether the arc evaporation source is normal, check whether the workpiece rack is insulated, and when ready, put the stainless steel pot embryo into the vacuum coating chamber and evacuate it. Start with rough evacuation to about 5Pa, bake and heat to 150℃ during rough evacuation, and then use an oil diffusion pump for fine evacuation. As the temperature of the coating chamber rises, the wall of the vessel releases gas, the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber decreases, and then rises again until the vacuum degree rises to about 6.6×10 -3 Pa.

[0053] Next, the stainless steel pot embryo was cleaned by argon ion bombardment. Specifically, high-purity argon gas (99.999%) was introduced to maintain the vacuum degree at 2.5 Pa, the bombardment voltage was 900 V, and the bombardment time was 12 minutes.

[0054] After that, the coating process was carried out. A mixture of high-purity argon gas and oleic acid vapor at 400°C with a volume ratio of 15:1 was introduced into the vacuum coating chamber, and the vacuum degree was maintained at 2×10 -2Pa, and then ignite all arc sources (target: metal Ni) in sequence, the time is 10min, the arc current is 100A, the pulse bias is 100V, the duty cycle is 30%, and the deposition temperature is 200℃. After that, turn off the arc power supply and bias power supply, and then turn off the gas source and stop the rotating frame. When the stainless steel pot embryo cools to 100℃, fill the vacuum coating chamber with air, and then take out the substrate.

[0055] After the coating process, a metal fatty acid salt layer with a thickness of 1 μm is formed on the surface of the stainless steel pot embryo, thus completing the manufacture of the pot according to Example 1.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] The difference from Example 1 is that MnCrNiTi alloy is used as the target material instead of metal Ni.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] The difference from Example 1 is that the volume ratio of argon gas to oleic acid vapor is 10:1.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] The difference from Example 1 is that the volume ratio of argon gas to oleic acid vapor is 20:1.

[0062] Example 5

[0063] The difference from Example 1 is that the thickness of the formed metal fatty acid salt is 0.5 μm.

[0064] Example 6

[0065] The difference from Example 1 is that the thickness of the formed metal fatty acid salt is 2 μm.

[0066] Example 7

[0067] The difference from Example 1 is that linolenic acid vapor is used instead of oleic acid vapor.

[0068] Comparative Example 1

[0069] The difference from Example 1 is that only argon gas is introduced instead of the mixed gas of argon gas and oleic acid vapor.

[0070] Comparative Example 2

[0071] The difference from Example 1 is that the mixed gas of argon and oleic acid vapor is replaced by the mixed gas of air and oleic acid vapor.

[0072] Comparison Example 3

[0073] The difference from Example 1 is that the volume ratio of argon gas to oleic acid vapor is 5:1.

[0074] Comparison Example 4

[0075] The difference from Example 1 is that the volume ratio of argon gas to oleic acid vapor is 25:1

[0076] The pans manufactured by the above-mentioned reference examples 1-7 and comparative examples 1-4 were subjected to a non-stick test.

[0077] The evaluation results are shown in Table 1. The “—” in Table 1 indicates the same data as the corresponding data in Example 1.

[0078] Table 1

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] As can be seen from Table 1, the non-stickiness test results of the pans made according to Examples 1-7 are all Grade I, while the non-stickiness test results of the pans made according to Comparative Examples 1 and 4 are Grade II, and the non-stickiness test results of the pans made according to Comparative Examples 2 and 3 are Grade III. The results show that the non-stickiness of the pans that have not been modified with fatty acids (e.g., Comparative Example 1) decreases; according to Comparative Example 2, the oxygen in the air oxidizes the fatty acids, so that the amount of fatty acids is insufficient and metals remain in the fatty acid salt layer formed, resulting in a decrease in the non-stickiness of the pans; when the volume ratio of argon gas to fatty acid vapor is within the range of 10:1-20:1 (e.g., Examples 1-7), the prepared pans have a good non-stick effect, and when the fatty acid vapor is too little or too much, for example, when the volume ratio of argon gas to fatty acid vapor is greater than 20:1 or less than 10:1 (Comparative Examples 3-4), the non-stickiness of the pans decreases.

[0082] According to the concept of the present invention, a non-stick cookware is provided, which includes a substrate and a metal fatty acid salt layer formed on the substrate. Specifically, by performing PVD treatment on the surface of the cookware substrate and adding fatty acid vapor to deposit a metal fatty acid salt layer, on the one hand, the metal atoms are excited and activated during the PVD coating process, which facilitates chemical bonding with fatty acids, and on the other hand, the PVD film has high purity and good density, and the precipitation of heavy metal elements such as cobalt, chromium, and nickel is small, which expands the use category of surface modification elements that are more easily combined with fatty acids.

[0083] Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art or those with common knowledge in the art that various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and technical field of the present invention described in the claims. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention should not be limited to the contents described in the specific embodiments of the specification, and the invention to be protected should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A non-stick cooker, characterized in that: The non-stick cookware comprises: a substrate; and A metal fatty acid salt layer is formed on the substrate. The metal fatty acid salt layer is a layer having lipophilic groups formed by reacting a metal layer formed on the substrate using a physical vapor deposition process with fatty acid vapor.

2. The non-stick cooker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal includes at least one of Mg, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Al, Sn and Ti.

3. The non-stick cookware according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fatty acid includes at least one of stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, lauric acid and linolenic acid.

4. The non-stick cooker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the metal fatty acid salt layer is 0.5 μm-2 μm.

5. A method for manufacturing non-stick cookware, characterized in that: The manufacturing method comprises: providing a substrate; and A metal fatty acid salt layer is laid on the substrate. The metal fatty acid salt layer is a layer having lipophilic groups formed by reacting a metal layer formed on the substrate using a physical vapor deposition process with fatty acid vapor.

6. The manufacturing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metal includes at least one of Mg, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Al, Sn, and Ti.

7. The manufacturing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fatty acid includes at least one of stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, lauric acid and linolenic acid.

8. The manufacturing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of applying the metal fatty acid salt layer includes: introducing fatty acid vapor while applying the metal using physical vapor deposition to form the metal fatty acid salt layer.

9. The manufacturing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The physical vapor deposition process is performed by ion plating.

10. The manufacturing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The ion plating method is a multi-arc ion plating method.

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