An assembly laser wireless energy transmission photovoltaic receiving power generation system

Abstract

The application designs a laser wireless energy transmission photovoltaic receiving and generating system which can be assembled, comprising a laser emitting system and a laser receiving system; the application uses a double positioning system, and the precision is higher than that of a single positioning system; the laser detector can screen and identify the light intensity of the laser to protect the internal circuit; the laser collector improves the energy utilization rate to improve the system conversion efficiency; under the tracking of the MPPT maximum power tracking circuit, the system efficiency is maximized; under the DC-DC exchange circuit, voltage stabilization and rectification are realized; under the feedback of the detection and protection output current and voltage system, the charging time is shortened, and the function of adjusting the working distance and the output power in real time according to the needs is completed; with the help of the feedback signal of the detection and protection output current and voltage system, the charging process is more accurate, efficient and intelligent; the application can be applied to unmanned aerial vehicles and various spacecrafts, and effectively solves the problems of short endurance and the need to return to the base for energy supply.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of energy transmission, and particularly relates to a laser wireless energy transmission photovoltaic receiving power generation system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Wireless energy transmission was first proposed by Nikola Tesla, which breaks away from the traditional power line constraints. Laser wireless energy transmission is one of the important means of long-distance wireless energy transmission, which can meet the wireless charging needs of various unmanned aerial vehicles, spacecraft, space stations, spaceborne wireless sensor networks, and various harsh extreme conditions, and can be directly applied to wireless power supply for disaster relief, special regions, mobile equipment, military satellites, and space weapons. The constraints of this technology are the electro-optical conversion efficiency of laser and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of laser battery. With the gradual progress of technology and the development of new materials and new processes, the theoretical and technical breakthroughs of semiconductor devices have been greatly promoted. Scientists and researchers in various countries have made outstanding contributions in the field of semiconductors and new materials, and have achieved remarkable results. For example, the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency of the current laser battery is close to 70%. This ultra-high conversion efficiency makes this system have great development prospects.

[0003] Other wireless energy transmission methods include electromagnetic coupling induction type wireless energy transmission, which realizes wireless energy transmission through the interaction of primary and secondary coils based on electromagnetic induction effect principle; magnetic field resonance type wireless energy transmission, which realizes wireless energy transmission by using non-radiative electric field or magnetic field coupling electromagnetic resonance principle. These two methods are suitable for short-distance energy transmission, and the transmission distance is in centimeter level. Microwave wireless transmission utilizes the related characteristics of electromagnetic waves, which has far-field radiation properties. However, the transmitting device and the receiving device are too large, and there is also the possibility of interfering with normal communication, which has potential problems and cannot complete the task of long-distance wireless energy transmission. Therefore, laser wireless energy transmission technology plays an important role in long-distance energy transmission in space.

[0004] The patent number CN114285185A realizes only that the laser supplies power to the unmanned aerial vehicle and aims, the generated electric energy is directly used for the unmanned aerial vehicle to be charged, and whether the subsequent electric energy is suitable, whether the charging voltage meets the demand and the like are not considered. The patent number CN112260417A does not collect the laser, and the laser loss is very serious after long-distance transmission, so it is very necessary to collect the laser and improve the overall conversion efficiency of the system. The traditional laser wireless energy transmission device does not add a laser collector, resulting in great energy waste, and also cannot realize adaptive charging speed, and the greater the power, the greater the current, weak laser may not charge the storage battery, and strong laser may burn the battery and cause irreversible damage. The adaptive intelligent charging method of the patent application has strong practicability. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a laser wireless energy transmission photovoltaic receiving power generation system.

[0006] The purpose of the present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0007] A laser wireless energy transmission photovoltaic receiving power generation system, comprising a laser transmitting system and a laser receiving system, the laser transmitting system comprising a transmitting end GPS positioning tracking system, a transmitting end control center, a 360-degree servo turntable system, an optical valve and its detection circuit and a continuous laser 5; the laser receiving system comprising a receiving end GPS positioning tracking system, a receiving end control center, a laser collector, a coated anti-reflection optical system, a laser cell and its heat dissipation device, an MPPT maximum power tracking circuit, a DC-DC exchange circuit, a detection and protection output current and voltage system, a storage battery and its power management system, a laser detector and its control circuit, an optical valve, an acceleration sensor and a pose detection sensor; the laser transmitting system transmits laser to the laser receiving system, realizing conversion from light energy to electric energy, and the laser receiving system is assembled on an unmanned aerial vehicle or an object to be charged under extreme conditions to realize wireless charging.

[0008] Further, the transmitting end GPS positioning tracking system and the receiving end GPS positioning tracking system complete the first positioning, the optical valve and its detection circuit detect whether the optical path is blocked by unknown objects, if blocked, the optical valve and its detection circuit immediately send instructions to the transmitting end control center to request closing the transmitting system optical valve; the laser transmitting system transmits a self-adaptive low-power laser to the laser collector and the detector of the laser receiving system; the laser detector is uniformly arranged at the circumferential edge of the laser collector; whether the laser is accurately irradiated is judged according to the size difference of the current voltage generated by the laser irradiation on the detector, and then the information is fed back to the transmitting end control center through the detector and its control circuit, and the transmitting system control center receives the feedback and makes accurate adjustment to realize secondary accurate positioning; the laser transmitting system optical valve and its detection circuit are used to detect whether the optical path is blocked by other objects, and if blocked, immediately send instructions to the transmitting end control center to request closing the transmitting system optical valve.

[0009] Further, the laser detector and its control circuit identify whether the laser is within the set threshold range, and decide the opening and closing of the laser receiving end optical valve. When the laser intensity is too large, the entire receiving end internal system will be burned out, so the corresponding current voltage threshold is set for the detector and its control circuit. When the current voltage is large to a certain extent, the detector and its control circuit send instructions to the receiving end control center to request closing the optical valve.

[0010] Further, after the laser cell and its heat dissipation device generate electric energy, the electric energy enters the MPPT maximum power tracking circuit, which can maintain the voltage generated by the laser cell at the voltage point of the maximum power of the P-V curve; by introducing the DC-DC exchange circuit, the circuit adjusts and rectifies the current and voltage values generated by the laser photovoltaic cell.

[0011] Further, the detection and protection output current voltage system is electrically connected with the receiving end control center; the detection and protection output current voltage system analyzes the current and voltage output by the DC-DC circuit, and when the output current voltage is less than the set threshold, the circuit system sends a signal to the transmitting end control center through the receiving end control center to transmit information to the transmitting end control center, and the transmitting end control center receives the information and quickly makes adjustment and self-adapts the output laser power to realize real-time adjustment of the output power to reach the adaptive state; the detection and protection output current voltage system has the function of detecting whether the output current voltage is abnormal, and when the output current voltage is detected to be abnormal, the laser receiving system has a fault, the circuit sends instructions to the receiving end control center to request closing the receiving end optical valve.

[0012] Further, the battery and its power management system can realize the function of charging and discharging simultaneously with the peripheral circuit, the charging speed must be greater than the power consumption speed, and the upper limit of the charging speed is determined by the detection and protection output current and voltage system; the battery is provided with a power detection circuit, when the power is full, the detection circuit transmits information to the receiving end control center and then to the transmitting end control center, so as to realize self-adjusting reduction of the output laser power to zero.

[0013] The present application has the advantages of:

[0014] 1. The twice alignment system ensures the positioning accuracy of the system, and the laser detector and its control circuit as a key part play three roles: ① determining the on-off state of the receiving end optical valve; ② realizing secondary accurate positioning by feedback signal; ③ cutting off the receiving end optical valve when the laser intensity is too large to prevent burn.

[0015] 2. The output power and output angle setting control feedback system of the continuous laser realizes self-adaptive function without manual operation.

[0016] 3. The edge laser energy is collected by using the laser collector.

[0017] 4. The detection and protection output current and voltage system plays two roles: ① determining the on-off of the receiving end optical valve by comparing whether the output current and voltage is in the appropriate range; ② judging whether the output current and voltage reaches the set optimal working state, and interacting with the transmitting end control center to achieve the optimal working state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the laser wireless energy transmission photovoltaic receiving and generating system of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 is a working flow chart of the laser wireless energy transmission photovoltaic receiving and generating system of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings.

[0021] The present application provides a self-adaptive charging speed laser wireless energy transmission photovoltaic receiving and generating system, the laser transmitting system can be fixed on the ground structure, or assembled on the movable structure, to realize the networking of large-scale wireless energy transmission such as air-to-ground. The laser receiving system as an integrated device can be assembled on the object to be charged to realize working and charging simultaneously, or placed in a fixed position to realize wireless charging, and the user can select different installation locations according to needs, which is very flexible.

[0022] When the mobile object equipped with the laser receiving system is running out of power, the battery and its power management system 14 sends a prompt to the receiving end control center 7 to turn on the GPS positioning and tracking system 6 to capture the signal of the nearest laser emitting end GPS positioning and tracking system 1. The laser receiving system and the laser emitting system are preliminarily positioned according to the GPS positioning and tracking systems of both, and the laser receiving system is locked in the conical range opposite to the point, with the rotation and aiming of the 360-degree servo turntable system 3 of the laser emitting system, and the acceleration sensor and pose detection sensor 17 to complete the first positioning.

[0023] After the first positioning is completed, the optical valve and its detection circuit 4 of the laser emitting system starts to work, which aims to detect whether there is an unknown object in the conical range to cause obstruction. If an unknown object appears in the light path to cause obstruction, the detection circuit will detect the obstruction and immediately send an instruction to the emitting end control center 2 to request to close the optical valve of the laser emitting system. This function is real-time opened, which aims to ensure that the outgoing laser does not cause laser damage to the unknown object and also ensures the transmission efficiency of the system. The laser detector has the function of detecting whether the incoming laser is within its set threshold range, that is, only the laser of a specific waveband can be charged, and not all incoming laser can enter the internal of the laser receiving system, which has a certain selectivity. Only when the laser within the threshold range shines, the laser detector can detect the corresponding signal and feedback to the receiving end control center 7. Under the control of the receiving end control center 7, the optical valve 16 of the laser receiving system will be opened. When the incoming laser is not within the set threshold, the detector cannot detect the corresponding signal, and the valve 16 of the laser receiving system is always in the closed state. At the same time, when the laser intensity is too large to exceed the threshold set by the laser detector, the laser will cause damage to the internal circuit of the receiving system, and the valve will always not be opened. The laser detector plays a screening and protection function.

[0024] The laser detector and its control circuit 15 also has other functions, which undertakes the function of the second accurate alignment. When the low-power adaptive laser irradiates on each detector, each detector will generate current and voltage. Because the detectors are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the laser collector 8, the current and voltage generated by each detector are approximately equal, which also indicates that the second accurate alignment is completed. When the irradiation position of the laser is left, because the left detector is closer to the center of the Gaussian beam, the current and voltage generated by the left detector are larger, and the light intensity received by the right detector is relatively weak, and the current and voltage generated by the right detector are smaller. The detector and its control circuit 15 transmit the current and voltage signals of the different detectors to the receiving end control center 7. After the receiving system control center decodes and processes the corresponding information, the corresponding information is transmitted to the transmitting end control center 2. The transmitting end control center 2 drives the 360-degree servo turntable system 3 to adjust the angle of the laser emission to realize the second accurate alignment.

[0025] Because the laser itself has Gaussian and divergence, when the laser is transmitted for a certain distance, it will inevitably become a large spot, and the light energy density will also be reduced. Low light energy density is not conducive to improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency, so it is necessary to collect the laser to improve the energy utilization rate. The laser collector 8 also undertakes the function of changing the spot radius.

[0026] At this point, the laser collected by the laser collector 8 enters the coated antireflection optical system 9. Because of the Gaussian nature of the laser itself, that is, the center energy density of the spot is high and the edge energy density is low, which is not conducive to the improvement of the photoelectric conversion rate. When the center energy density is too high, it will cause laser damage to the laser cell, and when the edge energy density is too low, it will affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency. The coated antireflection optical system 9 not only expands and collimates the spot, but also has a certain degree of relief function for the Gaussian nature of the laser, that is, within a certain range, it reduces the center energy density of the laser spot and increases the edge energy density of the spot.

[0027] The laser is collimated after expansion and irradiates the laser cell and its heat dissipation device 10, which formally realizes the conversion from light energy to electric energy. The generated electric energy flows into the MPPT maximum power tracking circuit 11 after the laser cell array is connected in a special way. Because of the uncertainty of transmission distance and some external uncertain factors, the power and light energy density of the laser reaching the laser receiving end are bound to be different, and the generated current and voltage are not constant values, but real-time fluctuating values within a certain range affected by the outside world. This circuit can maintain the voltage generated by the laser photovoltaic cell at the voltage point of the maximum power on the P-V curve. When the output voltage is higher than the set threshold, the MPPT maximum power tracking circuit 11 can automatically increase the current to lower the output voltage; when the output voltage is lower than the set threshold, the MPPT maximum power tracking circuit 11 can automatically reduce the current to increase the output voltage; so that the output voltage of the laser cell is always at the maximum power voltage point, maximizing the power generation efficiency of the system.

[0028] Affected by the arrangement of the laser cell, the voltage value generated by a single laser cell remains basically unchanged when the laser power increases to a fixed value, and the current changes greatly with the increase of the laser power density. In order to maximize the photoelectric conversion efficiency, the arrangement of the laser cell is arranged according to the laser power density, and the output current and voltage of the laser cell are not necessarily the ideal current and voltage, so we introduce the DC-DC exchange circuit 12, which can step up, step down and rectify the current and voltage values generated by the laser photovoltaic cell to obtain the ideal voltage value for subsequent operation and processing.

[0029] After the current of the ideal voltage value is obtained, instead of directly storing the electric energy into the battery and the power management system 14, the electric energy is input into the detection and protection output current and voltage system, which is electrically connected with the receiving end control center 7. The system bears important functions and is the core part of the laser wireless energy transmission photovoltaic receiving and power generation system. The functions are as follows: ①It analyzes and compares the size of the current and voltage output by the DC-DC step-up and step-down voltage stabilizing rectifier circuit and judges, and transmits corresponding information to the receiving end control center 7. When the output current and voltage are less than the set threshold, the circuit system transmits a signal to the receiving end control center 7, and the receiving end control center 7 interacts the information to the transmitting end control center 2. After receiving the information, the transmitting end control center 2 quickly adjusts and changes the size of the output laser power, so as to achieve the optimal working state set by the detection and protection output current and voltage system 13 in the appropriate range, realize fast charging, and realize real-time adjustment of the output power to achieve the adaptive state. This function can effectively improve the overall conversion efficiency of the system and realize intelligentization. ②The detection and protection output current and voltage system 13 has the function of detecting whether the current and voltage are abnormal. When the abnormal condition of the output current and voltage is detected, it means that the internal failure of the receiving end occurs. The circuit sends a command to the receiving end control center 7 to request to close the receiving end optical valve 16 to protect the internal structure of the receiving end.

[0030] The battery and the power management system 14, and the functions of all the above-mentioned systems are to store the electric energy into the battery for use by the electric appliance. The battery and the power management system 14 matched with the peripheral circuit can realize the function of charging and discharging at the same time, but the charging speed must be greater than the power consumption speed, and the upper limit of the charging speed is determined by the detection and protection output current and voltage system. The battery is equipped with a power detection circuit. When the power is full, the detection circuit transmits information to the receiving end control center 7, and then the receiving end control center 7 transmits the information to the transmitting end control center 2, so as to realize self-adjustment of the output laser power and reduce the power to 0, thus ending the charging.

[0031] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An assemblable laser wireless energy transfer photovoltaic receiving power generation system, characterized by: The application relates to a laser charging system for unmanned aerial vehicles and objects under extreme conditions, which comprises a laser emitting system and a laser receiving system, wherein the laser emitting system comprises an emitting-end GPS positioning and tracking system (1), an emitting-end control center (2), a 360-degree servo turntable system (3), an optical valve and a detection circuit (4) and a continuous laser (5); the laser receiving system comprises a receiving-end GPS positioning and tracking system (6), a receiving-end control center (7), a laser collector (8), a coated and anti-reflection optical system (9), a laser cell and a heat dissipation device (10), an MPPT maximum power tracking circuit (11), a DC-DC exchange circuit (12), a detection and protection output current and voltage system (13), a storage battery and a power management system (14), a laser detector and a control circuit (15), an optical valve (16), an acceleration sensor and a position detection sensor (17); the laser emitting system emits laser to the laser receiving system to realize conversion from light energy to electric energy, the laser receiving system is arranged on an unmanned aerial vehicle or an object under extreme conditions to realize wireless charging; the emitting-end GPS positioning and tracking system (1) and the receiving-end GPS positioning and tracking system (6) complete first positioning, the optical valve and the detection circuit (4) detect whether the light path is blocked by unknown objects, if the light path is blocked, the optical valve and the detection circuit (4) immediately send an instruction to the emitting-end control center (2) to request to close the optical valve of the emitting system; the laser emitting system emits a self-adaptive low-power laser to the laser collector (8) and the detector of the laser receiving system; the laser detector is arranged at the circumferential edge of the laser collector (8) and is uniformly arranged; whether the laser is accurately irradiated is judged according to the size difference of the current voltage generated by the laser irradiation on the detector, then information is fed back to the emitting-end control center (2) through the detector and the control circuit (15), the emitting system control center (2) receives the feedback and makes accurate adjustment to realize second accurate positioning; the optical valve and the detection circuit (5) of the laser emitting system are used to detect whether the light path is blocked by other objects, if the light path is blocked, the optical valve and the detection circuit (5) immediately send an instruction to the emitting-end control center (2) to request to close the optical valve of the emitting system.

2. An assemblable laser wireless energy transfer photovoltaic receiving power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser detector and the control circuit (15) identify whether the laser is within a set threshold range, and determine the opening and closing of the optical valve (16) of the laser receiving end; when the laser intensity is too large, the whole internal system of the receiving end will be burnt, therefore corresponding current voltage thresholds are set for the detector and the control circuit (15), when the current voltage is large to a certain extent, the detector and the control circuit (15) send an instruction to the receiving-end control center (7) to request to close the optical valve (16).

3. An assemblable laser wireless energy transfer photovoltaic receiving power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the electric energy of the laser cell and the heat dissipation device (10) is generated, the electric energy enters the MPPT maximum power tracking circuit (11), the circuit can maintain the voltage generated by the laser cell at the voltage point of the maximum power on the P-V curve; the DC-DC exchange circuit (12) is introduced, the circuit adjusts and rectifies the current and voltage values generated by the laser photovoltaic cell.

4. An assemblable laser wireless power transmission photovoltaic receiving power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection and protection output current and voltage system [13] is electrically connected with the receiving end control center (7). The detection and protection output current and voltage system [13] analyzes the current and voltage output by the DC-DC circuit [12], and when the output current and voltage are less than the set threshold, the circuit system sends a signal to transmit information to the transmitting end control center (2) through the receiving end control center (7). After receiving the information, the transmitting end control center (2) quickly makes an adjustment and adaptively outputs the size of the laser power, realizing real-time adjustment of the output power to achieve an adaptive state. The detection and protection output current and voltage system (13) has the function of detecting whether the current and voltage are abnormal. When the output current and voltage are detected to be abnormal, a fault occurs in the laser receiving system. The circuit sends an instruction to the receiving end control center (7) to request to close the receiving end optical valve (16).

5. An assemblable laser wireless energy transfer photovoltaic receiving power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery and its power management system (14) can realize the function of charging and discharging at the same time with the peripheral circuit. The charging speed must be greater than the power consumption speed, and the upper limit of the charging speed is determined by the detection and protection output current and voltage system (13). The battery is equipped with a power detection circuit. When the power is full, the detection circuit transmits information to the receiving end control center (7) and then to the transmitting end control center (2), realizing self-adjustment of the output laser power to reduce to zero.

Images