Variable resistance buffer tank and rocket engine delivery system

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of aerospace technology, and in particular to a variable flow resistance buffer tank and a rocket engine delivery system. The variable flow resistance buffer tank includes a tank body and a first throttling component; one end of the tank body is an open end and the other end is a sealed end, and an air cushion cavity is formed near the sealed end; the throttling component is arranged in the tank body; the throttling component includes a first throttle plate and a first throttle hole surrounded by the first throttle plate; the first throttle plate has a gradually expanding structure along the direction from the open end to the sealed end. When pressure shock occurs, liquid enters the tank body, and the liquid flowing along the inner wall of the tank body suddenly changes direction when it reaches the first throttle plate, forming a backflow. When the backflow meets the central mainstream, it slows down the central mainstream and increases the flow resistance of the inflowing liquid; when the shock ends, the gas in the air cushion cavity expands, and under the action of the gas pressure, the liquid will be squeezed back into the delivery system. When it passes through the first throttle hole in the reverse direction, there is no backflow interference, and the flow resistance is significantly reduced compared to the inflowing liquid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of aerospace technology, and in particular to a variable flow resistance buffer tank and a rocket engine delivery system. Background Art

[0002] Pressure pulsation and water hammer from valves are common in rocket engine delivery systems, requiring the use of buffer tanks to eliminate or mitigate pressure surges. By converting the pulsation and shock energy in the liquid delivery system into other energies, such as elastic potential energy or gas internal energy, buffer tanks can store and release energy, thereby mitigating or eliminating pressure surges to a certain extent and ensuring reliable system operation.

[0003] Rocket engine system buffer tanks are typically pneumatic, and are categorized by structural type into direct gas-liquid contact, piston, and diaphragm types. Direct gas-liquid contact buffer tanks are widely adopted due to their simple structure and high reliability. However, since the flow resistance and response time of direct gas-liquid contact buffer tanks cannot be adjusted, their response time cannot be adjusted. Reducing the response time can cause significant system pressure overshoot, while increasing it can increase system recovery time.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a variable flow resistance buffer tank and a rocket engine delivery system to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art to a certain extent. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a variable flow resistance buffer tank and a rocket engine delivery system, so as to solve the technical problem of the variable flow resistance buffer tank in the prior art that the flow resistance cannot be adjusted to a certain extent.

[0006] The present application provides a variable flow resistance buffer tank, which is applied to a rocket engine delivery system that generates a liquid pressure peak due to liquid pressure shock; the variable flow resistance buffer tank includes a tank body and a first throttling component;

[0007] One end of the tank body is an open end and the other end is a sealed end, and an air cushion cavity is formed near the sealed end; the throttle component is arranged on the tank body; the throttle component includes a first throttle plate and a first throttle hole surrounded by the first throttle plate; the first throttle plate has a gradually expanding structure along the direction from the open end to the sealed end;

[0008] When the liquid pressure surges, the first portion of the liquid flows into the tank body through the first throttle hole; the second portion of the liquid flows along the inner wall of the tank body, and when the second portion of the liquid reaches the first throttle plate, the second portion of the liquid flows back and merges with the first portion of the liquid to increase the inflow resistance of the liquid;

[0009] When the liquid pressure impacts, the liquid flows into the tank body and compresses the air in the tank body in the air cushion cavity. When the pressure impact ends, the gas in the air cushion cavity expands and acts on the liquid, so that the liquid flows out of the tank body.

[0010] In the above technical solution, further, the number of the first throttle plate is at least 1;

[0011] When there are multiple first throttle plates, the multiple first throttle plates are sequentially spaced from the opening end to the sealing end;

[0012] A throttling channel is formed between adjacent throttling plates.

[0013] Also included is a second throttle member disposed between the first throttle member and the air cushion chamber;

[0014] The second throttle component includes a second throttle plate and a second throttle hole surrounded by the second throttle plate;

[0015] The second throttle plate is in a gradually expanding structure along a direction from the opening end to the sealing end.

[0016] In the above technical solution, further, the number of the second throttle plate is at least 1;

[0017] When there are multiple second throttle plates, the multiple second throttle plates are sequentially spaced apart from each other along the direction from the opening end to the sealing end, and second throttling channels are formed between adjacent second throttle plates.

[0018] In the above technical solution, further, the size of the first throttle hole is smaller than the size of the second throttle hole.

[0019] In the above technical solution, further, the first throttle plate and the second throttle plate are both in any one of a cone-like shape, a bowl-like shape, a trumpet-like shape or a trapezoidal shape.

[0020] In the above technical solution, further, the first throttle hole and the second throttle hole are coaxial.

[0021] In the above technical solution, further, the tank body includes a first tank body and a second tank body detachably connected to the first tank body;

[0022] The first tank body has a first accommodating chamber, and the first throttle component is arranged in the first accommodating chamber; the second tank body has a second accommodating chamber, and the second throttle component is arranged in the second accommodating chamber.

[0023] In the above technical solution, further, mounting grooves are provided on the edge of the first tank body facing the second tank body and on the edge of the second tank body facing the first tank body.

[0024] The present application also provides a rocket engine delivery system, including the variable flow resistance buffer tank described above.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] The present application provides a variable flow resistance buffer tank, which is applied to a rocket engine delivery system that generates a liquid pressure peak due to liquid pressure shock; the variable flow resistance buffer tank includes a tank body and a first throttling component;

[0027] One end of the tank body is an open end and the other end is a sealed end, and an air cushion cavity is formed near the sealed end; the throttle component is arranged on the tank body; the throttle component includes a first throttle plate and a first throttle hole surrounded by the first throttle plate; the first throttle plate has a gradually expanding structure along the direction from the open end to the sealed end;

[0028] When the liquid pressure surges, the first portion of the liquid flows into the tank body through the first throttle hole; the second portion of the liquid flows along the inner wall of the tank body, and when the second portion of the liquid reaches the first throttle plate, the second portion of the liquid flows back and merges with the first portion of the liquid to increase the inflow resistance of the liquid;

[0029] When the liquid pressure impacts, the liquid flows into the tank body and compresses the air in the tank body in the air cushion cavity. When the pressure impact ends, the gas in the air cushion cavity expands and acts on the liquid, so that the liquid flows out of the tank body.

[0030] In summary, when there is pressure pulsation in the conveying system, or water hammer shock caused by the switch valve, a pressure peak will be generated and transmitted in the conveying system. When the pressure peak is transmitted to the tank body, the liquid enters the tank body through the open end under the action of pressure. The liquid flowing along the inner wall of the tank body will suddenly change direction when it reaches the first throttle plate, forming a backflow. When the backflow meets the central mainstream (liquid passing through the first throttle hole), the central mainstream will be decelerated, thereby increasing the liquid flow resistance at the inlet, thereby reducing or even eliminating the overshoot of the system. This is of great significance for weakening or eliminating the water hammer effect, and can ensure the structural integrity and working reliability of the system. In the above process, the gas in the tank body will eventually be formed in the air cushion cavity through the compression of the liquid, and the pressure shock of the liquid will eventually be converted into the internal energy of the gas, part of which will generate heat. When the impact ends, the pressure of the delivery system decreases. When it is lower than the pressure of the air cushion chamber, the gas in the air cushion chamber will expand. Under the action of the gas pressure, the liquid will be squeezed back into the delivery system. When passing through the first throttle hole in the reverse direction, due to the lack of backflow interference, the liquid outflow resistance will be significantly reduced relative to the liquid inflow resistance. This will reduce the response time of the system and restore the delivery system pressure as soon as possible, which is of great significance for ensuring the relative stability of the system pressure.

[0031] The present application also provides a rocket engine delivery system, including the above-mentioned variable flow resistance buffer tank, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the variable flow resistance buffer tank, which will not be elaborated in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a variable resistance buffer tank provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a variable resistance buffer tank provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first throttling component in the variable flow resistance buffer tank provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second throttling component in the variable flow resistance buffer tank provided in Example 1 of the present application.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 1-tank body; 3-open end; 4-sealed end; 5-air cushion chamber; 6-first throttle plate; 7-first throttle hole; 8-first throttle channel; 9-second throttle plate; 10-second throttle hole; 11-second throttle channel; 12-mounting groove; 13-clamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0040] The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application.

[0041] Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of this application and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 4 The variable resistance buffer tank provided in the first embodiment is described.

[0046] In this embodiment, combined Figure 1As shown, a variable flow resistance buffer tank is provided, which is applied to a rocket engine delivery system in which a liquid pressure peak is generated due to liquid pressure impact; specifically, the variable flow resistance buffer tank includes a tank body 1 and a first throttling component; further, the tank body 1 is cylindrical and has an installation space therein, and the first throttling component is installed in the installation space.

[0047] Specifically, one end of the tank body 1 is an open end 3 and the other end is a sealed end 4, and an air cushion cavity 5 is formed near the sealed end 4; further, the outer wall of the tank body 1 corresponding to the open end 3 is provided with a threaded structure, and the open end 3 can be connected to the pipeline in the rocket engine delivery system through this threaded structure; further, a clamp 13 is also provided on the outer wall of the tank body 1 corresponding to the open end 3, preferably, the clamp 13 is a hexagonal clamp 13, and a wrench can be used to connect the open end to the pipeline in the rocket engine delivery system through the hexagonal clamp 13.

[0048] Specifically, the throttle component includes a first throttle plate 6 and a first throttle hole 7 surrounded by the first throttle plate 6; Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the throttle plate has a gradually expanding structure along the direction from the opening end 3 to the sealing end 4. Preferably, the throttle plate is in a quasi-conical shape. The reason why the first throttle plate 6 is called a quasi-conical shape is that the cone has a tip, and the throttle plate in this embodiment does not have a tip, and the first throttle hole 7 is formed at the tip position.

[0049] Specifically, a variable flow resistance buffer tank is installed in the rocket engine liquid delivery system. When pressure pulsations or water hammer from a switching valve occur in the delivery system, a pressure spike is generated and transmitted through the delivery system. Once the pressure spike reaches the variable flow resistance buffer tank, the gas inside is compressed, converting the pressure surge of the liquid into internal energy of the gas, some of which generates heat. When the surge ends, the delivery system pressure drops, and the gas inside the variable flow resistance buffer tank expands, converting the internal energy of the gas back into liquid pressure energy, compensating for the pressure drop in the delivery system and maintaining a relatively stable pressure.

[0050] In summary, when there is pressure pulsation in the conveying system, or water hammer shock caused by the switch valve, a pressure peak will be generated and transmitted in the conveying system. When the pressure peak is transmitted to the tank body 1, the liquid enters the tank body 1 through the open end 3 under the action of pressure. The liquid flowing along the inner wall of the tank body 1 will suddenly change direction when it reaches the first throttle plate 6, forming a backflow. When the backflow meets the central mainstream (the liquid passing through the first throttle hole 7), the central mainstream will be decelerated, thereby increasing the liquid flow resistance at the inlet, thereby reducing the overshoot of the system or even eliminating it. This is of great significance for weakening or eliminating the water hammer effect, and can ensure the structural integrity and working reliability of the system. In the above process, the gas in the tank body 1 will eventually be formed in the air cushion cavity 5 after being compressed by the liquid, and the pressure shock of the liquid will eventually be converted into the internal energy of the gas, part of which will generate heat. When the impact ends, the pressure of the delivery system decreases. When it is lower than the pressure of the air cushion chamber 5, the gas in the air cushion chamber 5 will expand. Under the action of the gas pressure, the liquid will be squeezed back into the delivery system. When passing through the first throttle hole 7 in the reverse direction, due to the lack of backflow interference, the liquid outflow resistance will be significantly reduced relative to the liquid inflow resistance. This will reduce the response time of the system and restore the delivery system pressure as soon as possible, which is of great significance for ensuring the relative stability of the system pressure.

[0051] In this embodiment, the number of the first throttle plate 6 is at least one; in order to increase the flow resistance to the inlet liquid, the Figure 2 As shown, there are four first throttle plates 6, and the four first throttle plates 6 are arranged in sequence along the direction from the open end 3 to the sealed end 4 (the first throttle plates 6 arranged in sequence along the direction from the open end 3 to the sealed end 4 are respectively the first throttle plate No. 1, the first throttle plate No. 2, the first throttle plate No. 3 and the first throttle plate No. 4; the first throttle plate No. 1 is surrounded by the first throttle hole No. 1, the first throttle plate No. 2 is surrounded by the first throttle hole No. 2, the first throttle plate No. 3 is surrounded by the first throttle hole No. 3, and the first throttle plate No. 4 is surrounded by the first throttle hole No. 4); a first throttle channel 8 is formed between adjacent first throttle plates 6.

[0052] The four first throttle plates 6 increase the flow resistance of the liquid at the inlet. Specifically, when the liquid with a certain flow rate is injected into the tank body 1 through the open end 3, the first part of the liquid will pass through the first throttle hole No. 1, and the second part of the liquid will be introduced into the first throttle channel 8. In the process of being introduced into the first throttle channel 8, the second part of the liquid will first flow along the inner wall of the tank body 1 (the second part of the liquid at this time is along the inner wall of the tank body 1). Figure 3 Then, when the second part of the liquid reaches the first throttle plate No. 1, the first throttle plate No. 1 flows along the vertical upward direction. Figure 3 The vertical upward direction is a gradual expansion structure (in other words, the first throttle plate No. 1 is along the Figure 3The vertical downward direction in the flow is a tapered structure), then the second part of the liquid at this time will flow along the side wall of the first throttle plate No. 1, that is, the flow direction of the second part of the liquid will suddenly change at this time, specifically, the vertical upward flow will suddenly change to a downward flow at a preset angle to the vertical direction, and a backflow will be formed. This backflow meets the first part of the liquid, which will slow down the first part of the liquid, that is, increase the flow resistance of the inlet liquid.

[0053] Similarly, when the first portion of the liquid after deceleration passes through the No. 1 throttling hole and reaches the No. 2 first throttling channel 8, a part of the first portion of the liquid will pass through the No. 3 first throttling hole; the other part of the first portion of the liquid will flow along the side wall of the tank body 1, and when it reaches the No. 2 first throttling plate, the other part of the first portion of the liquid will also undergo a sudden change in flow direction, forming a backflow and merging with a part of the first portion of the liquid, which further increases the flow resistance of the inlet liquid.

[0054] By analogy, the methods of increasing the flow resistance of the inlet liquid of the No. 3 first throttle plate and the No. 4 first throttle plate are the same as above.

[0055] Furthermore, the plurality of first throttle plates 6 and the tank body 1 can be integrally formed by 3D printing technology, or the plurality of first throttle plates 6 can be welded layer by layer to the inner wall of the tank body 1 by welding technology.

[0056] Furthermore, the multi-layer first throttle plates 6 can significantly increase the flow resistance, which will significantly increase the system response time.

[0057] In this embodiment, in order to further increase the inlet liquid flow resistance, the variable resistance buffer tank also includes a second throttling component arranged between the first throttling component and the air cushion chamber 5; the second throttling component includes a second throttling plate 9 and a second throttling hole 10 surrounded by the second throttling plate 9; the second throttling plate 9 is a gradually expanding structure along the direction from the opening end 3 to the sealing end 4.

[0058] Specifically, when the low-speed liquid passes through the first throttle member, it will further flow to the second throttle member, and further increase the liquid resistance through the second throttle hole 10 of the second throttle member (the distance through the second throttle hole 10 is the same as the distance from the first throttle hole 7).

[0059] In this embodiment, combined Figure 4 As shown, there are two second throttle plates 9 ; the two second throttle plates 9 are arranged in sequence from the opening end 3 to the sealing end 4 , and a second throttle channel 11 is formed between adjacent second throttle plates 9 .

[0060] The working principles of the second throttle plate 9 and the second throttle hole 10 are the same as those of the first throttle component, and will not be elaborated on here.

[0061] Specifically, the size of the first throttle hole 7 is smaller than the size of the second throttle hole 10. Figure 3 As shown, the first throttle plate 6 is conical, combined with Figure 4 As shown, the second throttle plate 9 is conical in shape; the size of the first throttle hole 7 refers to the diameter of the first throttle hole 7, and the size of the second throttle hole 10 refers to the diameter of the second throttle hole 10; that is, the diameter of the second throttle hole 10 is larger than the diameter of the second throttle hole 10. Furthermore, the angle between the first throttle plate 6 and the inner sidewall of the tank body 1 is set between 30° and 60°. The angle between the second throttle plate 9 and the inner sidewall of the tank body 1 is set between 50° and 80°.

[0062] Specifically, in order to ensure the rationality of the installation of the first throttle component and the second throttle component, the first throttle hole 7 and the second throttle hole 10 are coaxial.

[0063] It is worth noting that the above embodiments and the accompanying drawings illustrate the first throttle plate 6 and the second throttle plate 9 as being quasi-conical. However, this is not limited to a quasi-conical shape and may also be a quasi-bowl, trumpet, or trapezoidal shape. A quasi-bowl shape means that the bowl has no bottom, and the bottom is the first throttle hole 7 or the second throttle hole 10.

[0064] In addition, the diameter values of the first throttle hole 7 and the second throttle hole 10 are not specifically limited.

[0065] In this embodiment, the tank body 1 includes a first tank body and a second tank body detachably connected to the first tank body; specifically, the first tank body has a first accommodating chamber, and the first throttling component is arranged in the first accommodating chamber; the second tank body has a second accommodating chamber, and the second throttling component is arranged in the second accommodating chamber.

[0066] In summary, the first tank body and the first throttle component can be integrally formed using 3D technology to form a first modular throttle body, and the second tank body and the second throttle component can be integrally formed using 3D technology to form a second modular throttle body; during the testing phase, different first modular throttle bodies (different first modular throttle bodies refer to different numbers of first throttle plates 6) and different second modular throttle bodies (different second modular throttle bodies refer to different numbers of second throttle plates 9) can be selected and tested at will, which can achieve a wide range of testing, avoid redesign and processing, and significantly improve testing efficiency.

[0067] More specifically, mounting grooves 12 are provided on the edge of the first tank body facing the second tank body and on the edge of the second tank body facing the first tank body; further, the mounting grooves 12 are used to place sealing rings; in the actual assembly process, the sealing ring is first placed in the mounting grooves 12, and then the first tank body and the second tank body are docked together, and finally the first tank body and the second tank body are connected together by welding at the gap between the two tank bodies.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] The present application also provides a rocket engine delivery system, including the above-mentioned variable flow resistance buffer tank, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the variable flow resistance buffer tank, which will not be elaborated in detail here.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A variable flow resistance buffer tank, used in a rocket engine delivery system where a liquid pressure peak is generated due to liquid pressure shock; characterized in that: The variable resistance buffer tank includes a tank body and a first throttling component; One end of the tank body is an open end and the other end is a sealed end, and an air cushion cavity is formed near the sealed end; the throttle component is arranged on the tank body; the throttle component includes a first throttle plate and a first throttle hole surrounded by the first throttle plate; the first throttle plate has a gradually expanding structure along the direction from the open end to the sealed end; When the liquid pressure surges, the first portion of the liquid flows into the tank through the first throttle hole; The second portion of the liquid flows along the inner wall of the tank body, and when the second portion of the liquid reaches the first throttle plate, the second portion of the liquid flows back and merges with the first portion of the liquid to increase the inflow resistance of the liquid; When the liquid pressure impacts, the liquid flows into the tank body and compresses the air in the tank body in the air cushion cavity. When the pressure impact ends, the gas in the air cushion cavity expands and acts on the liquid, so that the liquid flows out of the tank body.

2. The variable resistance buffer tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the first throttle plate is one.

3. The variable resistance buffer tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple first throttle plates; the multiple first throttle plates are sequentially spaced from the opening end to the sealing end; A first throttling channel is formed between adjacent throttling plates.

4. The variable resistance buffer tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a second throttle member disposed between the first throttle member and the air cushion chamber; The second throttle component includes a second throttle plate and a second throttle hole surrounded by the second throttle plate; The second throttle plate is in a gradually expanding structure along a direction from the opening end to the sealing end.

5. The variable resistance buffer tank according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the second throttle plate is one.

6. The variable resistance buffer tank according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are multiple second throttle plates; the multiple second throttle plates are arranged in sequence from the opening end to the sealing end, and second throttling channels are formed between adjacent second throttle plates.

7. The variable resistance buffer tank according to claim 4, characterized in that: The size of the first throttle hole is smaller than the size of the second throttle hole.

8. The variable resistance buffer tank according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first throttle plate and the second throttle plate are both in any one of a cone-like shape, a bowl-like shape, a trumpet-like shape or a trapezoidal shape.

9. The variable resistance buffer tank according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first throttle hole is coaxial with the second throttle hole.

10. The variable resistance buffer tank according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tank body includes a first tank body and a second tank body detachably connected to the first tank body; The first tank body has a first accommodating chamber, and the first throttle component is arranged in the first accommodating chamber; the second tank body has a second accommodating chamber, and the second throttle component is arranged in the second accommodating chamber.

11. The variable resistance buffer tank according to claim 10, characterized in that: An edge of the first tank body facing the second tank body and an edge of the second tank body facing the first tank body are both provided with mounting grooves.

12. A rocket engine delivery system, characterized in that: The invention comprises the variable resistance buffer tank as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

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