An assemblable modular single-electrode frictional generator and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of modular single-electrode friction generators that can be assembled, comprising: textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube, metal electrode sheet, first coating, second coating layer;Wherein, metal electrode sheet clamps textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube one end partial area;First coating covers the area of metal electrode sheet and textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube not clamped by metal electrode sheet;Second coating layer completely wraps the area of textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube not clamped by metal electrode sheet and the partial area of metal electrode sheet adjacent to the area;Its preparation method is also disclosed, first using chemical plating method to prepare surface deposition nickel fabric, calcination, obtain textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube, then using metal electrode sheet clamps textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube one end partial area, then in corresponding area coating first coating material, second coating material obtains.The single-electrode friction machine has the characteristics of being assembled, stable performance, excellent electrical output performance, etc.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of friction power generation, and particularly relates to an assemblable modular single-electrode friction power generator and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Since the 21st century, based on the rapid development of mobile internet technology, the Internet of Things has become an important part of the new generation of information technology and a development stage. The Internet of Things is a technology-driven force that links the Internet and everything in the world (such as shipping objects, cargo transporters, and people, etc.), which requires a wide range of information sensing devices for health monitoring, safe home, intelligent transportation, logistics supply, environmental protection, infrastructure monitoring and safety, etc. The energy required to drive a single sensor device is tiny, and the energy supply for these hundreds of millions of sensors is a problem to be solved. Considering the limited life, high maintenance cost and environmental problems of traditional battery technology, this is not the best solution for the Internet of Things power supply.

[0003] In 2006 and 2012, Academician Wang Zhonglin invented piezoelectric nanogenerators and friction nanogenerators respectively, and first proposed that the equipment can be self-powered and continuously operated and run by collecting energy from the working environment, so as to realize a self-driven system. At present, the research is basically focused on single friction power generator, and with the gradual deepening of the research on friction power generator, it is an important problem in the industrialization process to prepare large-size friction power generator and realize large-area power generation. SUMMARY

[0004] Based on the above technical problems, the application provides an assemblable modular single-electrode friction power generator based on the modular design idea in the industry and the friction nanogenerator technology design. According to the demand, a plurality of single-electrode friction power generators are combined, large-area power generation can be realized, and the flexible regulation and control characteristics are possessed.

[0005] The specific scheme of the application is as follows

[0006] The application provides an assemblable modular single-electrode friction power generator, which comprises a textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube, a metal electrode sheet, a first coating layer and a second coating layer.

[0007] The metal electrode sheet clamps one end of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube; the first coating layer covers the metal electrode sheet and the region of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube which is not clamped by the metal electrode sheet; and the second coating layer completely wraps the region of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube which is not clamped by the metal electrode sheet and the partial region of the metal electrode sheet adjacent to the region.

[0008] The first coating layer material comprises polyvinyl alcohol solution and metal salt; and the second coating layer material comprises polydimethylsiloxane and curing agent.

[0009] In the single-electrode frictional generator, the second coating layer covers the negative electrode, and the other regions are positive electrodes. A plurality of single-electrode frictional generators are arranged on the surface of the substrate according to the needs, and the metal electrodes on the surface of the generator are combined and connected by wires according to the needs, so that the assembly of the large-size single-electrode frictional generator can be realized, and large-area power generation can be achieved.

[0010] The substrate includes but is not limited to a floor. When a pedestrian applies force to the surface of the frictional generator by walking, jumping, running, hitting a ball or a vehicle driving over the surface, power generation can be achieved. The generator works as follows: when subjected to external force, the second coating layer deforms elastically, and the stress is transmitted to the textured nickel-coated carbon tube covered by the first coating layer. The interface between the two deforms, and the friction generates electric energy.

[0011] Preferably, the textured nickel-coated carbon tube is rectangular or square.

[0012] Preferably, the metal electrode sheet is as wide as the textured nickel-coated carbon tube, and the length of the region where the textured nickel-coated carbon tube is clamped by the metal electrode is 2-30% of the length of the textured nickel-coated carbon tube.

[0013] Preferably, the metal electrode sheet is selected from any one of a copper sheet, a silver sheet and an iron sheet.

[0014] Preferably, the metal salt in the first coating layer is selected from at least one of lithium chloride, sodium chloride and zinc chloride.

[0015] Preferably, the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution in the first coating layer is 1-10%, and the concentration of the metal cation is 0.1-5.0 mol / L.

[0016] Preferably, the thickness of the second coating layer is 0.01-0.1 cm.

[0017] Preferably, the textured nickel-coated carbon tube is obtained by first preparing a fabric with nickel deposited on the surface by chemical plating, and then calcining at 300-400℃.

[0018] The application further provides a preparation method of a modular single-electrode frictional generator, which comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a fabric with nickel deposited on the surface by chemical plating, and calcining at 300-400℃ to obtain a textured nickel-coated carbon tube; S2, clamping one end of the textured nickel-coated carbon tube with a metal electrode sheet, and spraying a first coating layer material on the region of the textured nickel-coated carbon tube that is not clamped by the metal electrode sheet and the region of the metal electrode sheet adjacent to the region, and drying to obtain a workpiece; and S3, coating a second coating layer material on the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece, so that the solidified second coating layer completely covers the region of the textured nickel-coated carbon tube that is not clamped by the metal electrode sheet and the region of the metal electrode sheet adjacent to the region.

[0019] The first coating material comprises a polyvinyl alcohol solution and a metal salt; and the second coating material comprises a polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent.

[0020] Preferably, in S1, the electroless plating method specifically comprises: sequentially immersing the plant fiber fabric into a palladium chloride activation solution and an electroless nickel plating solution to obtain a fabric with a nickel-deposited surface; preferably, the mass fraction of nickel in the fabric with the nickel-deposited surface obtained in S1 is 25-45%.

[0021] For the palladium chloride activation solution in S1, no specific limitation is made, such as a mixed solution comprising palladium chloride and boric acid; and for the electroless nickel plating solution in S1, no specific limitation is made, such as a mixed solution comprising nickel sulfate, ammonium chloride, trisodium citrate and sodium hypophosphite.

[0022] The present application has the following advantages:

[0023] The present application provides a single-electrode friction generator which is assembled, stable in performance, excellent in electric output performance and high in sensitivity through the design of structure and material.

[0024] (1) Assembled and stable in performance

[0025] The single-electrode friction generator prepared in the present application is different from a conventional electrode, and is integrated into a whole planar shape, facilitating combination and forming a modular power generation unit.

[0026] The second coating material is selected to be polydimethylsiloxane, which has excellent elastic recovery performance and water resistance after curing, and the appearance of the negative friction material will not be deformed and the structure of the positive friction material will not be damaged by water molecules in the air after long-time pressing and friction power generation and environmental humidity.

[0027] (2) High sensitivity

[0028] The interface of the friction power generation in the present application is the interface between the polydimethylsiloxane in the second coating layer and the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube covered by the first coating layer, and the difference in elastic modulus between the two is large, resulting in obvious extrusion deformation between the two; in addition, the surface roughness of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube is large, so that the friction generator of the present application also has obvious electric output performance under the action of small stress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a physical diagram of the single-electrode friction generator obtained in the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the single-electrode friction generator prepared in the present application;

[0031] Figure 3Structure diagram of each link of a single-electrode friction generator prepared by the application is shown in the figure.

[0032] Figure 4 SEM image of the texture structure nickel-coated carbon tube obtained by the application is shown in the figure.

[0033] Figure 5 Voltage spectrum of the friction generator of Example 1 is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions of the application will be described in detail below through specific examples, but it should be explicitly stated that these examples are used for illustration, but not to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the application.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] A modular single-electrode friction generator that can be assembled comprises a texture structure nickel-coated carbon tube, a metal copper sheet, a first coating layer, and a second coating layer, wherein the metal copper sheet clamps a partial area of one end of the texture structure nickel-coated carbon tube; the first coating layer covers the metal copper sheet and the area of the texture structure nickel-coated carbon tube that is not clamped by the metal copper sheet; and the second coating layer completely wraps the area of the texture structure nickel-coated carbon tube that is not clamped by the metal copper sheet and a partial area of the metal copper sheet adjacent to the area; the texture structure nickel-coated carbon tube is rectangular, the metal copper sheet has the same width as the texture structure nickel-coated carbon tube, and the length of the area of the texture structure nickel-coated carbon tube clamped by the metal copper sheet is 10% of the length of the texture structure nickel-coated carbon tube; and the thickness of the second coating layer is 0.1 cm.

[0037] The first coating layer material comprises polyvinyl alcohol solution and lithium chloride; and the second coating layer material comprises polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent.

[0038] The actual diagram of the modular single-electrode friction generator that can be assembled is shown in the figure. Figure 1

[0039] The preparation of the modular single-electrode friction generator that can be assembled comprises the following steps:

[0040] S1, a fabric with a surface deposited with nickel having a mass fraction of 33% is prepared by a chemical plating method, is calcined at 300 DEG C for 1 h in an air atmosphere, is cooled down with the furnace, and a texture structure nickel-coated carbon tube is obtained;

[0041] The chemical plating method specifically comprises: a long rectangular woven cotton cloth cleaned of oil is sequentially immersed in a palladium chloride activation solution (comprising 0.05-0.6 g / L of palladium chloride and 5-30 g / L of boric acid, and the pH is adjusted to 1-3 with hydrochloric acid), a chemical nickel plating solution (comprising nickel sulfate, ammonium chloride, trisodium citrate, and sodium hypophosphite, and the pH is adjusted to 9-12 with sodium hydroxide) for 0.5 h, and a fabric with a surface deposited with nickel having a mass fraction of 33% is obtained; ​

[0042] During calcination, in order to prevent the occurrence of warping in the carbonization process of the woven cotton cloth, a high-melting-point ceramic plate can be placed on the surface of the fabric deposited with nickel;

[0043] S2, a piece of metal copper sheet (with the same width as the structured nickel-coated carbon tube) is attached to one end of the structured nickel-coated carbon tube as an electrode, the metal copper sheet clamps a partial region of one end of the structured nickel-coated carbon tube (the length of the region clamped by the metal copper sheet is 10% of the length of the structured nickel-coated carbon tube), a first coating material is sprayed on the metal copper sheet and the region of the structured nickel-coated carbon tube not clamped by the metal copper sheet, and then dried to obtain a workpiece to be processed;

[0044] The first coating material comprises a mixed solution of a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a mass fraction of 2.6% and lithium chloride with a metal cation concentration of 0.2 mol / L;

[0045] S3, a second coating layer material is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece to be processed, so that the thickness of the solidified second coating layer is 0.1 cm, and the structured nickel-coated carbon tube region not clamped by the metal copper sheet and the partial region of the metal copper sheet adjacent to the region are completely wrapped, and the single-electrode friction generator is obtained.

[0046] The second coating layer material comprises polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent, and the curing agent accounts for 9.09% of the mass of the second coating layer material; during coating, the coating area is 0.02 cm longer than the structured nickel-coated carbon tube except in the direction of the metal electrode, so that the target region is wrapped after solidification.

[0047] The flow chart for preparing the modular single-electrode friction generator according to the present application is shown in Figure 2 ;

[0048] The schematic diagram of the structure of each link of the single-electrode friction generator according to the present application is shown in Figure 3 ;

[0049] The SEM image of the structured nickel-coated carbon tube prepared in the S1 step of the present application is shown in Figure 4 ; it can be seen that the structured nickel-coated carbon tube has a hollow structure, which can increase the deformation amount during extrusion and thus improve the output voltage.

[0050] The performance of the single-electrode friction generator described in Example 1 was tested:

[0051] A plurality of single-electrode friction generators were placed on the surface of the floor (covering a floor of 20x200 cm), and all the friction generators were connected in series by wires to realize the modular single-electrode friction generator, when pedestrians and electric vehicles passed above, the instantaneous output voltages were 125.7V and 183.3V, respectively, as shown in Figure 5 .

[0052] Embodiment 2

[0053] An assemblable modular single-electrode frictional generator comprises a textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube, a metal iron sheet, a first coating layer, and a second coating layer, wherein the metal iron sheet clamps a partial area of one end of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube; the first coating layer covers the metal iron sheet and the area of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube that is not clamped by the metal iron sheet; and the second coating layer completely covers the area of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube that is not clamped by the metal iron sheet and a partial area of the metal iron sheet adjacent to the area; the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube is rectangular, the metal iron sheet has the same width as the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube, and the length of the area of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube clamped by the metal iron sheet is 26% of the length of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube; and the thickness of the second coating layer is 0.09 cm.

[0054] The first coating layer material comprises polyvinyl alcohol solution and sodium chloride; and the second coating layer material comprises polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent.

[0055] The preparation of the assemblable modular single-electrode frictional generator comprises the following steps:

[0056] S1. A nickel-coated fabric with a mass fraction of 30% of nickel is prepared by a chemical plating method, calcined at 400 DEG C for 1 h in an air atmosphere, and cooled in the furnace to obtain a textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube;

[0057] The chemical plating method specifically comprises the following steps: a rectangular woven fabric (composed of 70% plant fibers and 30% polymer fibers) that is cleaned and free of oil is sequentially immersed in a palladium chloride activation solution (containing 0.2 g / L of palladium chloride and 10 g / L of boric acid, and adjusted to a pH of 3 with hydrochloric acid) and a chemical nickel plating solution (containing nickel sulfate, ammonium chloride, trisodium citrate, and sodium hypophosphite, and adjusted to a pH of 10 with sodium hydroxide) for 0.5 h to obtain a nickel-coated fabric with a mass fraction of 30% of nickel on the surface;

[0058] S2. A metal iron sheet (with the same width as the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube) is attached to one end of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube as an electrode, so that the metal iron sheet clamps a partial area of one end of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube (the length of the area of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube clamped by the metal iron sheet is 26% of the length of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube), and a first coating material is sprayed on the metal iron sheet and the area of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube that is not clamped by the metal iron sheet, and then dried to obtain a workpiece to be processed;

[0059] The first coating material comprises a mixed solution of polyvinyl alcohol solution with a mass fraction of 2% and sodium chloride with a metal cation concentration of 1 mol / L;

[0060] S3, coating the second cladding layer material on the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece to be processed, so that the thickness of the solidified second cladding layer is 0.09 cm, and the area of the structured nickel-coated carbon tube not clamped by the metal copper sheet and the partial area of the metal copper sheet adjacent to the area are completely wrapped.

[0061] The second cladding layer material comprises polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent, and the curing agent accounts for 4% of the mass of the second cladding layer material; during coating, the coating area is 0.04 cm longer than the structured nickel-coated carbon tube except in the direction of the metal electrode, so that the target area is wrapped after solidification.

[0062] The performance of the single-electrode friction generator described in Example 2 is tested.

[0063] A plurality of single-electrode friction generators are placed on the floor surface (covering a 15*250 cm floor), and all the friction generators are connected in series by wires to realize the assembly of the modular single-electrode friction generator. When a pedestrian slowly walks and jumps on the floor, the output voltages are 99.1 V and 166.2 V, respectively.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] A kind of assembly modular single-electrode friction generator, comprising: structured nickel-coated carbon tube, metal silver sheet, first coating, second cladding layer;Wherein, the metal silver sheet clamps the partial area of one end of the structured nickel-coated carbon tube;The first coating covers the area of the structured nickel-coated carbon tube not clamped by the metal silver sheet and the metal silver sheet;The second cladding layer completely wraps the area of the structured nickel-coated carbon tube not clamped by the metal silver sheet and the partial area of the metal silver sheet adjacent to the area;The structured nickel-coated carbon tube is rectangular, the metal silver sheet is equal in width to the structured nickel-coated carbon tube, and the length of the area of the structured nickel-coated carbon tube clamped by the metal silver sheet is 8% of the length of the structured nickel-coated carbon tube;The thickness of the second cladding layer is 0.08 cm.

[0066] The first coating material comprises polyvinyl alcohol solution and zinc chloride;The second cladding layer material comprises polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent.

[0067] The preparation of the assembly modular single-electrode friction generator described in the application comprises the following steps:

[0068] S1, a fabric with a mass fraction of 35% of nickel deposited on the surface is prepared by chemical plating, calcined at 380 DEG C for 5 h in air atmosphere, and cooled in the furnace to obtain a structured nickel-coated carbon tube;

[0069] The chemical plating method specifically comprises: sequentially immersing the long rectangular woven cotton cloth cleaned and degreased into a palladium chloride activation solution (comprising 0.6 g / L of palladium chloride and 30 g / L of boric acid, and the pH is adjusted to 1 by hydrochloric acid), and a chemical nickel plating solution (comprising nickel sulfate, ammonium chloride, trisodium citrate and sodium hypophosphite, and the pH is adjusted to 11 by sodium hydroxide) for 0.5 h to obtain the fabric with a surface deposited nickel with a mass fraction of 35% of nickel;

[0070] S2, a metal silver sheet (with the same width as the structured nickel-coated carbon tube) is attached to one end of the structured nickel-coated carbon tube as an electrode, the metal silver sheet clamps a partial region of one end of the structured nickel-coated carbon tube (the length of the region clamped by the metal silver sheet is 8% of the length of the structured nickel-coated carbon tube), a first coating material is sprayed on the metal copper sheet and the region of the structured nickel-coated carbon tube not clamped by the metal silver sheet, and dried to obtain a workpiece to be processed;

[0071] The first coating material comprises a mixed solution of a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a mass fraction of 8% and zinc chloride with a metal cation concentration of 4 mol / L;

[0072] S3, a second coating layer material is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece to be processed, so that the thickness of the solidified second coating layer is 0.08 cm, completely wrapping the region of the structured nickel-coated carbon tube not clamped by the metal silver sheet and the partial region of the metal silver sheet adjacent to the region, and thus the single-electrode friction generator is obtained.

[0073] The second coating layer material comprises polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent, the curing agent accounts for 9% of the mass of the second coating layer material; during coating, the coating region is 0.02 cm longer than the structured nickel-coated carbon tube except in the direction of the metal electrode, so that the target region is wrapped after solidification.

[0074] The performance of the single-electrode friction generator described in Example 3 is tested:

[0075] A plurality of single-electrode friction generators are placed on the floor surface (covering a 100*100 cm floor), and all the friction generators are connected in series by wires to realize the assembly of the modular single-electrode friction generator, and when a basketball is hit on it, the output voltage is 46 V.

[0076] The above only describes the preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacements or changes to the technical solutions and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An assemblable modular single-electrode tribogenerator, characterized by, The single-electrode friction generator comprises: a textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube, a metal electrode sheet, a first coating layer, and a second coating layer; wherein the metal electrode sheet clamps a partial region of one end of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube; the first coating layer covers the metal electrode sheet and a region of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube that is not clamped by the metal electrode sheet; and the second coating layer completely covers the region of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube that is not clamped by the metal electrode sheet and a partial region of the metal electrode sheet adjacent to the region. The first coating layer material comprises a polyvinyl alcohol solution and a metal salt; and the second coating layer material comprises a polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent. The preparation method of the single-electrode friction generator comprises the following steps: S1. A nickel-deposited fabric is prepared by a chemical plating method and is calcined at 300-400°C to obtain a textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube; in S1, the chemical plating method specifically comprises: a plant fiber fabric is sequentially immersed in a palladium chloride activation solution and a chemical nickel plating solution to obtain a nickel-deposited fabric; the mass fraction of nickel in the nickel-deposited fabric obtained in S1 is 25-45%; S2. A metal electrode sheet is used to clamp a partial region of one end of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube, a first coating layer material is sprayed on the metal electrode sheet and a region of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube that is not clamped by the metal electrode sheet, and the first coating layer material is dried to obtain a workpiece; S3. A second coating layer material is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece, so that the second coating layer completely covers the region of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube that is not clamped by the metal electrode sheet and a partial region of the metal electrode sheet adjacent to the region after curing. The first coating layer material comprises a polyvinyl alcohol solution and a metal salt; and the second coating layer material comprises a polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent.

2. The assemblable modular single-electrode tribogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube is rectangular or square.

3. The assemblable modular single-electrode tribogenerator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The metal electrode sheet has the same width as the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube; and the length of the region of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube clamped by the metal electrode sheet is 2-30% of the length of the textured structure nickel-coated carbon tube.

4. The assemblable modular single-electrode tribogenerator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The metal electrode sheet is selected from any one of a copper sheet, a silver sheet, and an iron sheet.

5. The assemblable modular single-electrode tribogenerator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The metal salt in the first coating layer material is selected from at least one of lithium chloride, sodium chloride, and zinc chloride.

6. The assemblable modular single-electrode tribogenerator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution in the first coating layer material is 1-10%; and the concentration of the metal cation is 0.1-5.0 mol / L.

7. The assemblable modular single-electrode tribogenerator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the second coating layer is 0.01-0.1 cm.

8. The assemblable modular single-electrode tribogenerator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In S1, the calcination temperature is 300°C.

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