A tunnel lining structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel lining structure. Two hydrophobic chambers are spaced and collinearly distributed, and are both embedded and fixed in bedrock. At the same time, the top ends of the hydrophobic chambers extend to the outer ends of the bedrock, and are penetrated with a plurality of water leakage holes, and the hydrophobic chambers are connected to drain pipes; the bottom ends of two isolation arch walls are correspondingly connected to the top ends of the two hydrophobic chambers one by one, and the top ends are correspondingly connected to the two ends of the primary support arch. At the same time, the lining arch is cast on the concave surface of the primary support arch, and the two bottom ends of the lining arch are correspondingly connected to the top ends of the two hydrophobic chambers one by one; the inverted arch is cast between the two bottom ends of the lining arch, and the two ends of the inverted arch are correspondingly connected to the two bottom ends of the lining arch one by one. The present invention discloses a tunnel lining structure, which can reduce the risk of settlement and collapse in areas with more rainwater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnels, and more specifically, to a tunnel lining structure. Background Art

[0002] A tunnel refers to an engineering structure buried in the stratum and is a form of human utilization of underground space. The structure of a tunnel includes two parts: the main building and the auxiliary equipment. The main building consists of the tunnel body and the portal. The auxiliary equipment includes: refuge bays, fire protection facilities, emergency communication, and drainage facilities. Long tunnels also have special ventilation and lighting equipment.

[0003] Currently, the general tunnel lining structure is that a lining arch is cast on the inner side surface of the primary support arch. And in order to delay the deformation of the primary support arch and the lining arch, an inverted arch is cast at the bottom end of the lining arch. However, when constructing the primary support arch and the lining arch, the bottom ends of both the primary support arch and the lining arch are directly cast in the excavated tunnel contour. In areas with more rainfall, it not only causes the stratum where the tunnel is built to become soft easily, but also after the rainwater penetrates into the primary support and the lining arch and reaches the bottom ends of the primary support and the lining arch along their arches, it is easy to cause the bottom ends of the primary support and the lining arch to be soaked in accumulated water for a long time, resulting in the softening of the arch bottom, and further easily causing problems such as the settlement and collapse of the entire tunnel lining structure.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a tunnel lining structure that can reduce the risk of settlement and collapse in areas with more rainfall is a technical problem that those skilled in the art urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a tunnel lining structure, aiming to solve at least some of the above technical problems.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A tunnel lining structure includes: a primary support arch, a lining arch, an inverted arch, two hydrophobic chambers, and two isolation arch walls;

[0008] The two hydrophobic chambers are spaced and collinearly distributed, and are both embedded and fixed in the bedrock. At the same time, the top end of the hydrophobic chamber extends to the outer end of the bedrock and is penetrated with a plurality of water leakage holes, and the hydrophobic chamber is connected to a drain pipe;

[0009] The bottom ends of the two isolation arch walls are respectively connected to the top ends of the two hydrophobic chambers, and the top ends are respectively connected to the two ends of the primary support arch. At the same time, the lining arch is cast on the concave surface of the primary support arch, and the two bottom ends of the lining arch are respectively connected to the top ends of the two hydrophobic chambers;

[0010] The invert is cast between the two bottom ends of the lining arch, and the two ends of the invert are respectively and correspondingly connected to the two bottom ends of the lining arch.

[0011] Preferably, the primary support arch includes: a primary primary support arch and a secondary primary support arch;

[0012] The secondary primary support arch is cast on the primary primary support arch, and the two ends of the primary primary support arch are respectively and correspondingly connected to the tops of the two isolation arch walls. Meanwhile, the lining arch is cast on the concave surface of the secondary primary support arch.

[0013] Preferably, the isolation arch wall includes: an isolation support plate and a concrete filling wall;

[0014] The bottom end of each isolation support plate is connected to the top of the corresponding hydrophobic chamber, and the top end of each isolation support plate is connected to the corresponding end of the primary primary support arch;

[0015] The concrete filling wall is respectively cast and connected to the top of the corresponding hydrophobic chamber, the corresponding isolation support plate, one end of the corresponding primary primary support arch and one end of the corresponding secondary primary support arch.

[0016] Preferably, the top end of each isolation support plate and the corresponding end of the primary primary support arch are connected by bolts.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of waterproof layers are connected between the secondary primary support arch and the lining arch.

[0018] Preferably, the invert is connected to the bedrock by a plurality of anchor bolts.

[0019] According to the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a tunnel lining structure, which can achieve the following technical effects:

[0020] In this application, by embedding and fixing the two hydrophobic chambers in the bedrock, since the bedrock is a place with relatively hard and high-strength geology in the stratum, in areas with more rain, the bedrock is not easy to soften. Therefore, the primary support arch, the lining arch, the invert, and the isolation arch wall can be stably connected to the bedrock through the hydrophobic chambers, thereby reducing the risk of tunnel settlement;

[0021] Moreover, the rainwater permeating into the primary support arch, the isolation arch wall and the lining arch can all flow down into the hydrophobic chamber and be discharged through the drain pipe connected to the hydrophobic chamber, so that the bottom end of the tunnel lining structure of this application is not easily soaked by accumulated water and softened, thereby further reducing problems such as settlement and collapse of the entire tunnel lining structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tunnel lining structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a top view of the hydrophobic chamber of the present invention.

[0025] Among them, 1 - primary support arch; 2 - lining arch; 3 - invert; 4 - hydrophobic chamber; 5 - isolation arch wall; 6 - bedrock; 40 - leakage hole; 11 - primary primary support arch; 12 - secondary primary support arch; 51 - isolation support plate; 52 - concrete filling wall; 7 - bolt; 8 - waterproof layer; 9 - anchor bolt. Specific embodiments

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0029] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a tunnel lining structure, including: an initial support arch 1, a lining arch 2, an invert 3, two hydrophobic chambers 4, and two isolation arch walls 5;

[0030] The two hydrophobic chambers 4 are spaced and collinearly distributed, and are both embedded and fixed in the bedrock 6. At the same time, the top end of the hydrophobic chamber 4 extends to the outer end of the bedrock 6, and is penetrated with a plurality of water leakage holes 40, and the hydrophobic chamber 4 is connected to a drain pipe;

[0031] The bottom ends of the two isolation arch walls 5 are respectively connected to the top ends of the two hydrophobic chambers 4, and the top ends are respectively connected to the two ends of the initial support arch 1. At the same time, the lining arch 2 is cast on the concave surface of the initial support arch 1, and the two bottom ends of the lining arch 2 are respectively connected to the top ends of the two hydrophobic chambers 4;

[0032] The invert 3 is cast between the two bottom ends of the lining arch 2, and the two ends of the invert 3 are respectively connected to the two bottom ends of the lining arch 2.

[0033] During the construction of the present invention, after a tunnel contour is excavated in the formation, first installation pits are excavated on both sides along the width direction of the cross-section of the tunnel contour at the bottom end of the tunnel contour. Then, the first installation pits on both sides are spaced apart, and the connection line of the first installation pits on both sides extends along the width direction of the cross-section of the tunnel contour. Then, two hydrophobic chambers 4 are respectively cast in the first installation pits on both sides, and the top end of each hydrophobic chamber 4 appropriately protrudes out of the corresponding first installation pit, and the bottom end of each hydrophobic chamber 4 extends to the bedrock 6 (the bedrock 6 is a place in the formation with relatively hard geology and greater strength), so that the bedrock 6 can provide a greater frictional force for the hydrophobic chamber 4, so that the hydrophobic chamber 4 can be fixed more firmly;

[0034] In addition, second installation pits are excavated on both sides of the tunnel contour (both sides along the width direction of the cross-section of the tunnel contour) to build the isolation arch walls 5 in the second installation pits. At the same time, the bottom ends of the isolation arch walls 5 are connected to the top ends of the corresponding hydrophobic chambers 4, so that the rainwater penetrating into the isolation arch walls 5 can flow into the corresponding hydrophobic chambers 4 through the corresponding plurality of water leakage holes 40 under the action of gravity, and the water in the hydrophobic chambers 4 can finally be output through the corresponding drain pipes (one end of the water pipe is connected to the hydrophobic chamber 4 and the other end is led out to lead out the water in the hydrophobic chamber 4);

[0035] Then, steel arch frames are erected along the inner wall contour of the tunnel contour, and concrete is sprayed to fill the steel arch frames to build the initial support arch 1, and the two ends of the initial support arch 1 are respectively integrated with the two isolation arch walls 5 by casting. Then, the rainwater penetrating into the initial support arch 1 can penetrate along the curve of the initial support arch 1 into the isolation arch walls 5 and then flow into the hydrophobic chambers 4 under the action of gravity;

[0036] After the initial support arch 1 converges and stabilizes, a formwork trolley is used to construct the lining arch 2, and both ends of the lining arch 2 are extended to be correspondingly connected to two hydrophobic chambers 4 one by one, and the inverted arch 3 is constructed, and both ends of the inverted arch 3 are integrally connected to both ends of the lining arch 2 one by one, so as to improve the support capacity of the tunnel through the combined action of the lining arch 2 and the inverted arch 3, thereby reducing the risk of tunnel settlement and deformation.

[0037] In this application, the above technical solution is adopted. By embedding and fixing both hydrophobic chambers 4 in the bedrock 6, since the bedrock 6 is a place with relatively hard and strong geology in the formation, in areas with more rain, the bedrock 6 is not easily softened. Therefore, the initial support arch 1, the lining arch 2, the inverted arch 3, and the isolation arch wall 5 can all be stably connected to the bedrock 6 through the hydrophobic chambers 4, thereby reducing the risk of tunnel settlement.

[0038] Moreover, the rainwater infiltrating into the initial support arch 1, the isolation arch wall 5, and the lining arch 2 can all flow down into the hydrophobic chamber 4 and be discharged through the drain pipe connected to the hydrophobic chamber 4, so that the bottom end of the tunnel lining structure of this application is not easily soaked by accumulated water and softened, thereby further reducing problems such as settlement and collapse of the entire tunnel lining structure.

[0039] To further optimize the above technical solution, the initial support arch 1 includes: a primary initial support arch 11 and a secondary initial support arch 12;

[0040] The secondary initial support arch 12 is cast on the primary initial support arch 11, and both ends of the primary initial support arch 11 are correspondingly connected to the tops of two isolation arch walls 5 one by one. At the same time, the lining arch 2 is cast on the concave surface of the secondary initial support arch 12.

[0041] After the isolation arch wall 5 is built in this application, first, the first steel arch is erected along the inner wall contour of the tunnel contour, and the first concrete is sprayed to level the first steel arch to form the primary initial support arch 11. And both ends of the primary initial support arch 11 are integrally cast with two isolation arch walls 5 one by one, and the remaining soil inside the tunnel is excavated by the bench method. When the deformation of the primary initial support arch 11 reaches its deformation limit value, the secondary initial support arch 12 is constructed in the same way, that is: the second steel arch is erected along the contour on the inner side of the primary initial support arch 11, and the second concrete is sprayed to level the second steel arch to form the secondary initial support arch 12, and both ends of the secondary initial support arch 12 are integrally cast with two isolation arch walls 5 one by one.

[0042] In this application, the above technical solution is adopted. By restricting the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock step by step with the primary initial support arch 11 and the secondary initial support arch 12, and both ends of the primary initial support arch 11 and the secondary initial support arch 12 are integrally cast on the corresponding isolation arch walls 5, the support capacity of this application can be improved, and the tunnel is not easily deformed.

[0043] To further optimize the above technical solution, the isolation arch wall 5 includes: an isolation support plate 51 and a concrete filling wall 52;

[0044] The bottom end of each isolation support plate 51 is connected to the top end of the corresponding hydrophobic chamber 4, and at the same time, the top end of each isolation support plate 51 is connected to the corresponding end of the primary initial support arch 11;

[0045] The concrete filling wall 52 is respectively cast and connected to the top end of the corresponding hydrophobic chamber 4, the corresponding isolation support plate 51, one end of the corresponding primary initial support arch 11, and one end of the corresponding secondary initial support arch 12.

[0046] When constructing the isolation arch wall 5, first attach the corresponding isolation support plate 51 to the inner wall of the second installation pit, and connect the isolation support plate 51 to the corresponding end of the primary initial support arch 11. Then pour concrete in each second installation pit, and respectively pour and integrally connect the corresponding ends of the primary initial support arch 11 and the secondary initial support arch 12. This can not only make the isolation arch wall 5 itself have greater hardness and strength to isolate the inside of the tunnel from the softer stratum caused by frequent rainfall, but also make the connection between the isolation arch wall 5 and the primary initial support arch 11 and the secondary initial support arch 12 have stronger stability. Therefore, it is not easy for the tunnel to sink, deform, collapse, etc.

[0047] To further optimize the above technical solution, the top end of each isolation support plate 51 is connected to the corresponding end of the primary initial support arch 11 by bolts 7.

[0048] Among them, a counterbore is provided at the corresponding end of the primary initial support arch 11, so that the head of the corresponding bolt 7 can be embedded in the corresponding counterbore, thereby avoiding the head of the bolt 7 protruding on the inner side of the primary initial support arch 11, which is beneficial to the close combination between the secondary initial support arch 12 and the primary initial support arch 11;

[0049] In addition, in the present application, the top end of each isolation support plate 51 is connected to the corresponding end of the primary initial support arch 11 by bolts 7, so the operation is convenient.

[0050] To further optimize the above technical solution, a plurality of waterproof layers 8 are connected between the secondary initial support arch 12 and the lining arch 2.

[0051] After the construction of the secondary initial support arch 12 is completed in the present application and before the construction of the lining arch 2, first sequentially attach a plurality of waterproof layers 8 to the inner side of the secondary initial support arch 12, and then construct the lining arch 2 on the waterproof layers 8. Then the permeating moisture can be isolated by the plurality of waterproof layers 8, so that the lining arch 2 is not easy to get wet, thereby increasing the service life of the lining arch 2 and facilitating the maintenance of a relatively dry environment inside the tunnel.

[0052] To further optimize the above technical solution, the inverted arch 3 is connected to the bedrock 6 through a plurality of anchor bolts 9.

[0053] Before constructing the inverted arch 3 in this application, a plurality of anchor bolts 9 are inserted into the bedrock 6 at the location where the inverted arch 3 needs to be constructed. Then, when constructing the inverted arch 3, the plurality of anchor bolts 9 are all poured inside the inverted arch 3 to connect the inverted arch 3 and the bedrock 6 through the plurality of anchor bolts 9, so as to provide tensile force for the inverted arch 3 through the plurality of anchor bolts 9, thereby reducing the risk of the inverted arch 3 arching up, and thus it is not easy to cause the tunnel to deform.

[0054] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple. For the relevant parts, reference can be made to the description in the method part.

[0055] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A tunnel lining structure, characterized in that, Comprising: Initial support arch (1), lining arch (2), invert arch (3), two hydrophobic chambers (4) and two isolation arch walls (5); The two hydrophobic chambers (4) are spaced and collinearly distributed, and are both embedded and fixed in the bedrock (6). At the same time, the top end of the hydrophobic chamber (4) extends outside the bedrock (6), and is penetrated with a plurality of water leakage holes (40), and the hydrophobic chamber (4) is connected to a drain pipe; The bottom ends of the two isolation arch walls (5) are respectively connected to the top ends of the two hydrophobic chambers (4), and the top ends are respectively connected to the two ends of the initial support arch (1). At the same time, the lining arch (2) is poured on the concave surface of the initial support arch (1), and the two bottom ends of the lining arch (2) are respectively connected to the top ends of the two hydrophobic chambers (4); The invert arch (3) is poured between the two bottom ends of the lining arch (2), and the two ends of the invert arch (3) are respectively connected to the two bottom ends of the lining arch (2); The initial support arch (1) includes: a primary initial support arch (11) and a secondary initial support arch (12); The secondary initial support arch (12) is poured on the primary initial support arch (11), and the two ends of the primary initial support arch (11) are respectively connected to the top ends of the two isolation arch walls (5). At the same time, the lining arch (2) is poured on the concave surface of the secondary initial support arch (12); The isolation arch wall (5) includes: an isolation support plate (51) and a concrete filling wall (52); The bottom end of each isolation support plate (51) is connected to the top end of the corresponding hydrophobic chamber (4), and at the same time, the top end of each isolation support plate (51) is connected to the corresponding end of the primary initial support arch (11); The concrete filling wall (52) is respectively poured and connected to the top end of the corresponding hydrophobic chamber (4), the corresponding isolation support plate (51), one end of the corresponding primary initial support arch (11) and one end of the corresponding secondary initial support arch (12).

2. The tunnel lining structure according to claim 1, wherein The top end of each isolation support plate (51) is connected to the corresponding end of the primary initial support arch (11) by bolts (7).

3. A tunnel lining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of waterproof layers (8) are connected between the secondary initial support arch (12) and the lining arch (2).

4. A tunnel lining structure according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The invert arch (3) is connected to the bedrock (6) by a plurality of anchor bolts (9).

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