Hybrid electric vehicle thermal management architecture and hybrid electric vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of hybrid electric vehicle's heat management architecture and hybrid electric vehicle, including air conditioning system, low temperature cooling system and battery cooling and charger cooling system;Air conditioning system includes compressor, condenser, expansion valve and Chiller heat exchanger, the Chiller heat exchanger, compressor, condenser and expansion valve are sequentially communicated;Low temperature cooling system includes water bottle, radiator, water temperature sensor B, water pump B and low temperature cooling system cooling object, water bottle, radiator, water temperature sensor B, water pump B and low temperature cooling system cooling object are sequentially communicated;Battery cooling and charger cooling system includes water pump A, water temperature sensor A, battery pack, charger, three-way proportional valve, one-way valve A, water pump A, Chiller heat exchanger, water temperature sensor A, battery pack, charger and three-way proportional valve A mouth sequentially communicate.The application reduces high voltage power consumption and cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle thermal management systems, specifically relating to a thermal management architecture for hybrid electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, hybrid vehicles have more components requiring cooling, resulting in a more complex layout and increased difficulty in adding antifreeze compared to traditional gasoline vehicles. Electric power consumption is a key control target for hybrid vehicles, and cooling system solutions need to balance energy consumption, NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness), and layout.

[0003] For vehicles where the charger is located at the rear, it is often placed within the battery cooling circuit to facilitate piping layout and save on costs. The battery circuit is indirectly cooled by refrigerant in a chiller heat exchanger. During charging, the charger generates heat, and the increased temperature of the antifreeze in the cooling circuit further raises the battery temperature. When the battery temperature reaches its maximum allowable limit, the compressor and fan need to be activated for cooling, resulting in energy waste and noise issues.

[0004] Because the battery cooling temperature differs from that of the drive motor, PEU, etc., in order to avoid temperature interference, the cooling system is generally designed as multiple independent loops, each of which requires a separate water storage bottle, resulting in increased costs.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new thermal management architecture for hybrid electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles in general. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a thermal management architecture for hybrid electric vehicles and a hybrid electric vehicle that can reduce high-voltage power consumption and reduce costs.

[0007] In a first aspect, the thermal management architecture of a hybrid electric vehicle according to the present invention includes an air conditioning system, a low-temperature cooling system, and a battery cooling and charger cooling system;

[0008] The air conditioning system includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and a Chiller heat exchanger, which are connected in sequence.

[0009] The low-temperature cooling system includes a water storage bottle, a radiator, a water temperature sensor B, a water pump B, and the object to be cooled by the low-temperature cooling system. The water storage bottle, the radiator, the water temperature sensor B, the water pump B, and the object to be cooled by the low-temperature cooling system are connected in sequence.

[0010] The battery cooling and charger cooling system includes a water pump A, a water temperature sensor A, a battery pack, a charger, a three-way proportional valve, and a one-way valve A. The water pump A, the Chiller heat exchanger, the water temperature sensor A, the battery pack, the charger, and the A port of the three-way proportional valve are connected in sequence, and the B port of the three-way proportional valve is also connected to the water pump A; the C port of the three-way proportional valve is also connected to the water storage bottle via the one-way valve A.

[0011] Optionally, a one-way valve B is also provided between the water storage bottle and the object being cooled by the cryogenic cooling system. The function of the one-way valve B is to prevent antifreeze from flowing back from the object being cooled by the cryogenic cooling system, thus avoiding waste of flow.

[0012] Optionally, when the vehicle enters charging mode, the thermal management controller controls the connection between port A and port C of the three-way proportional valve, and the water pump A operates at the lowest speed. At this time, the antifreeze flows from the water pump A to the Chiller heat exchanger, battery pack, charger, three-way proportional valve, check valve A, water tank, radiator, and water temperature sensor B in sequence. When the thermal management controller detects through the water temperature sensor A that the antifreeze temperature is higher than the allowable entry temperature of the battery pack, the thermal management controller controls the water pump A to increase its speed and starts the cooling fan to dissipate heat through the radiator, so that the temperature of the entire circuit does not exceed the target limit.

[0013] Optionally, when the vehicle enters battery cooling mode, if the thermal management controller detects through water temperature sensor B that the radiator outlet temperature is less than or equal to the battery cooling requirement temperature, then it will operate in charging mode; if the thermal management controller detects through water temperature sensor B that the radiator outlet temperature is greater than the battery cooling requirement temperature, then the thermal management controller will connect port A and port B of the three-way proportional valve and start the compressor and water pump A; after water pump A starts, antifreeze flows from water pump A sequentially to the Chiller heat exchanger, battery pack, charger, and port A to port B of the three-way proportional valve, and the antifreeze carries the heat generated by the battery pack to the Chiller heat exchanger; after the compressor starts, the refrigerant in the air conditioning system circulates from the compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and Chiller heat exchanger, absorbing heat from the battery circuit at the Chiller heat exchanger during the circulation process, and then dissipating the heat into the air through the condenser.

[0014] Optionally, when the vehicle enters factory mode, the thermal management controller connects ports A and C of the three-way proportional valve and controls the operation of water pumps A and B. Antifreeze added from the reservoir flows through the radiator to water pumps A and B. Antifreeze flowing into water pump A passes through the Chiller heat exchanger, battery pack, charger, three-way proportional valve, and check valve A before returning to the reservoir. Antifreeze flowing into water pump B is cooled by the cryogenic cooling system before returning to the reservoir. This allows for faster antifreeze filling to the designed level, and air can be purged from the system without starting the vehicle.

[0015] Secondly, the hybrid electric vehicle described in this invention employs the thermal management architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle as described in this invention.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] (1) The compressor does not need to be started during the charging process, which can effectively reduce high voltage power consumption.

[0018] (2) When the outlet water temperature is lower than the battery cooling water temperature, the compressor does not need to be started and the heat is dissipated directly through the radiator, which can effectively reduce the high voltage power consumption.

[0019] (3) The charger and battery are in the same circuit, the pipeline can be shared, the overall vehicle layout is simpler, and the pipeline cost is reduced.

[0020] (4) The entire system uses a single water storage bottle, which helps to reduce costs and simplify the layout.

[0021] (5) The control system has added a factory mode, which can control the proportional valve to a specific position and control the water pump to run when adding antifreeze on the production line or after-sales service, so as to facilitate system venting and filling. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal management architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle described in this embodiment;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antifreeze flow and heat exchange direction in the charging mode of this embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow direction of antifreeze and the heat exchange direction when the battery is cooled by Chiller in this embodiment;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the antifreeze flow in factory mode in this embodiment;

[0026] In the diagram: 1-Compressor, 2-Chiller heat exchanger, 3-Expansion valve, 4-Condenser, 5-Water pump A, 6-Water temperature sensor A, 7-Battery pack, 8-Charger, 9-Three-way proportional valve, 10-Check valve A, 11-Water storage bottle, 12-Radiator, 13-Water temperature sensor B, 14-Water pump B, 15-Cryogenic cooling system cooling object, 16-Check valve B. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown in this embodiment, a thermal management architecture for a hybrid electric vehicle includes an air conditioning system, a cryogenic cooling system, and a battery cooling and charger cooling system. The air conditioning system includes a compressor 1, a condenser 4, an expansion valve 3, and a Chiller heat exchanger 2, which are connected sequentially. The cryogenic cooling system includes a water tank 11, a radiator 12, a water temperature sensor B13, a water pump B14, a cryogenic cooling system cooling object 15, and a one-way valve B16, which are also connected sequentially. The battery cooling and charger cooling system includes a water pump A5, a water temperature sensor A6, a battery pack 7, a charger 8, a three-way proportional valve 9, and a one-way valve A10. The A ports of the water pump A5, the Chiller heat exchanger 2, the water temperature sensor A6, the battery pack 7, the charger 8, and the three-way proportional valve 9 are connected in sequence, and the B port of the three-way proportional valve 9 is also connected to the water pump A5. The C port of the three-way proportional valve 9 is also connected to the water storage bottle 11 via the one-way valve A10.

[0029] In this embodiment, the low-temperature cooling system has one cycle, and the battery cooling and charger cooling system has one cycle. The two cooling cycles share a radiator 12 and a water storage bottle 11.

[0030] In this embodiment, the cryogenic cooling system primarily cools the drive motor, PEU, engine water-cooled intercooler, and DC-DC converter, etc. The specific components may vary depending on the hybrid vehicle model. This cryogenic cooling system uses an independent water pump B14 to drive the antifreeze circulation, which carries away heat through the radiator 12. A one-way valve B16 is installed in the cooling pipes to ensure the correct coolant circulation direction.

[0031] In this embodiment, the battery cooling and charger cooling system has two cooling methods. The first method involves adjusting the three-way proportional valve 9 so that the antifreeze does not pass through the radiator 12, and starting the air conditioning system compressor 1 to remove the heat generated by the battery pack 7 and charger 8 through the Chiller heat exchanger 2. The second method involves adjusting the three-way proportional valve 9 so that the antifreeze passes through the shared radiator 12, and the heat generated by the battery pack 7 and charger 8 is removed through the radiator 12. Different cooling methods are selected by adjusting the three-way proportional valve 9 under different operating conditions, ultimately achieving the goals of reducing energy consumption and optimizing noise.

[0032] In this embodiment, the thermal management architecture of the hybrid vehicle operates under different modes, including charging mode, battery cooling mode, and factory mode. The following provides a detailed description of each mode:

[0033] (1) Charging mode

[0034] like Figure 2As shown, the thermal management controller enters charging mode after receiving a signal from the charger under certain conditions. The controller connects ports A and C of the three-way proportional valve 9, and the water pump A5 operates at its lowest speed. At this time, antifreeze flows from the water pump A5 sequentially to the Chiller heat exchanger 2, water temperature sensor A6, battery pack 7, charger 8, three-way proportional valve 9, check valve A10, water tank 11, radiator 12, and water temperature sensor B13. The check valve B16 prevents antifreeze from flowing backwards from the object being cooled in the low-temperature cooling system 15, thus avoiding wasted flow. When the thermal management controller detects through water temperature sensor A6 that the antifreeze temperature is higher than the allowable entry temperature of the battery pack 7, it controls the water pump A5 to increase its speed and starts the cooling fan to dissipate heat through the radiator 12, ensuring the overall circuit temperature does not exceed the target limit. In this mode, since the compressor is not activated, energy consumption and noise reduction are achieved.

[0035] (2) Battery cooling mode

[0036] When the battery requires cooling, the thermal management controller detects through water temperature sensor B13 that the outlet water temperature of radiator 12 is lower than the required battery cooling temperature. Battery cooling can then be initiated accordingly. Figure 2 The system operates in the mode shown. In this mode, the compressor is not activated, thus saving energy and reducing noise.

[0037] When the battery requires cooling, the thermal management controller detects through water temperature sensor B13 that the outlet water temperature of radiator 12 is higher than the required battery cooling temperature. Figure 3 As shown, the thermal management controller connects ports A and B of the three-way proportional valve 9 and starts compressor 1 and water pump A5. Water pump A5 operates at its designed speed. During this time, antifreeze flows sequentially from water pump A5 to the Chiller heat exchanger 2, water temperature sensor A6, battery pack 7, charger 8, and ports A and B of the three-way proportional valve 9. The antifreeze carries the heat generated by battery pack 7 to the Chiller heat exchanger 2. After compressor 1 starts, the refrigerant in the air conditioning system circulates from compressor 1, condenser 4, expansion valve 3, and Chiller heat exchanger 2. During this circulation, it absorbs heat from the battery circuit at the Chiller heat exchanger 2 and then dissipates the heat into the air through condenser 4. The battery cooling circuit exchanges heat with the air conditioning system through the Chiller heat exchanger 2.

[0038] (3) Factory Pattern

[0039] like Figure 4As shown, when adding antifreeze to a vehicle during production or after-sales maintenance, a diagnostic tool can send a signal to the thermal management controller, allowing the system to enter factory mode. The thermal management controller controls the connection between port A and port C of the three-way proportional valve 9, and controls water pumps A5 and B14 to operate at a certain speed. The antifreeze added from the reservoir 11 enters the radiator 12 and then flows to water pumps A5 and B14 respectively. The two pumps, when running, push the antifreeze to flow through two separate loops, and then return to the reservoir 11. This cycle allows the antifreeze to be added to the designed level more quickly, and air can be purged from the system without starting the vehicle.

[0040] Although the charger 8 of this invention is arranged in the battery circuit, the compressor 1 does not need to be started during the charging process, which reduces high-voltage energy consumption and optimizes charging noise. It effectively solves the problems of difficult pipeline layout, high charging energy consumption, and loud charging noise in hybrid vehicles caused by arranging the charger 8 at the rear of the vehicle. This invention optimizes the cooling circuit, enabling two cooling cycles to share a single radiator 12 and water tank 11, reducing costs and simplifying the layout.

[0041] In this embodiment, a hybrid electric vehicle adopts the thermal management architecture of a hybrid electric vehicle as described in this embodiment.

[0042] In this embodiment, the objects cooled by the low-temperature cooling system 15 include the drive motor, PEU, engine water-cooled intercooler, DC-DC converter, etc. The objects included may vary depending on the hybrid vehicle model.

[0043] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal management architecture for a hybrid electric vehicle, characterized in that: This includes air conditioning systems, low-temperature cooling systems, and battery and charger cooling systems; The air conditioning system includes a compressor (1), a condenser (4), an expansion valve (3), and a Chiller heat exchanger (2), which are connected in sequence. The low-temperature cooling system includes a water storage bottle (11), a radiator (12), a water temperature sensor B (13), a water pump B (14), and a cooling object (15) of the low-temperature cooling system. The water storage bottle (11), the radiator (12), the water temperature sensor B (13), the water pump B (14), and the cooling object (15) of the low-temperature cooling system are connected in sequence. The battery cooling and charger cooling system includes a water pump A (5), a water temperature sensor A (6), a battery pack (7), a charger (8), a three-way proportional valve (9), and a one-way valve A (10). The A ports of the water pump A (5), the Chiller heat exchanger (2), the water temperature sensor A (6), the battery pack (7), the charger (8), and the three-way proportional valve (9) are connected in sequence, and the B port of the three-way proportional valve (9) is also connected to the water pump A (5); the C port of the three-way proportional valve (9) is also connected to the water storage bottle (11) via the one-way valve A (10). When the vehicle enters charging mode, the thermal management controller controls the connection between port A and port C of the three-way proportional valve (9), and the water pump A (5) runs at the lowest speed. At this time, the antifreeze flows from the water pump A (5) to the Chiller heat exchanger (2), battery pack (7), charger (8), three-way proportional valve (9), one-way valve A (10), water tank (11), radiator (12), and water temperature sensor B (13) in sequence. When the thermal management controller detects through the water temperature sensor A (6) that the antifreeze temperature is higher than the allowable entry temperature of the battery pack (7), the thermal management controller controls the water pump A (5) to increase its speed and starts the cooling fan to dissipate heat through the radiator (12) so that the temperature of the entire circuit does not exceed the target limit. When the vehicle enters battery cooling mode, if the thermal management controller detects through the water temperature sensor B (13) that the outlet water temperature of the radiator (12) is less than or equal to the required battery cooling temperature, the charging mode is executed. A one-way valve B (16) is also provided between the water storage bottle (11) and the object being cooled by the low-temperature cooling system (15). If the thermal management controller detects through the water temperature sensor B (13) that the outlet water temperature of the radiator (12) is greater than the required cooling temperature of the battery, the thermal management controller controls the A port and B port of the three-way proportional valve (9) to connect and starts the compressor (1) and the water pump A (5). After the water pump A (5) starts, the antifreeze flows from the water pump A (5) to the Chiller heat exchanger (2), the battery pack (7), the charger (8), and the A port to the B port of the three-way proportional valve (9) in sequence. The antifreeze carries the heat generated by the battery pack (7) to the Chiller heat exchanger (2). After the compressor (1) starts, the refrigerant in the air conditioning system circulates from the compressor (1), the condenser (4), the expansion valve (3), and the Chiller heat exchanger (2). During the circulation process, the heat of the battery circuit is absorbed at the Chiller heat exchanger (2), and then the heat is dissipated into the air through the condenser (4).

2. The thermal management architecture for a hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the vehicle enters the factory mode, the thermal management controller controls the three-way proportional valve (9) to connect port A and port C, and controls the operation of water pump A (5) and water pump B (14). The antifreeze added from the water tank (11) flows through the radiator (12) to water pump A (5) and water pump B (14) respectively. The antifreeze flowing into water pump A (5) flows through the Chiller heat exchanger (2), battery pack (7), charger (8), three-way proportional valve (9), and one-way valve A (10) in sequence and then flows back to the water tank (11). The antifreeze flowing into water pump B (14) flows back to the water tank (11) after cooling the object (15) of the low temperature cooling system.

3. A hybrid electric vehicle, characterized in that: The thermal management architecture of the hybrid vehicle as described in claim 1 or 2 is adopted.

Images