A single-sided full penetration welding method for medium-thick plate assembly in marine engineering

Abstract

The present invention discloses a single-sided full penetration welding method for medium-thick plate splices in marine engineering. By adopting special welding wire, gasket and welding equipment, comprehensively applying special welding production procedures, and adaptive control of process parameters, single-sided welding and double-sided one-time forming are achieved. The front and back side forming effects of the weld after the splicing are excellent, the turning process of the splicing components is avoided, the production process and procedures of the prior art are simplified, a large amount of auxiliary welding man-hours are reduced, and the welding production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of marine engineering ship and platform construction, and in particular relates to a single-sided full penetration welding method for thick plate panels in marine engineering. Background Art

[0002] The construction of offshore engineering vessels and platforms mainly adopts a modular production model with segmented structures as intermediate products. As a key production process for the assembly and manufacturing of segmented structures, the efficient production method of panel welding plays an important role in improving the efficiency of segmented structure construction. The efficient welding process technology of panel structures has also always occupied a pivotal position in the field of offshore engineering platform construction.

[0003] For the welding of 6mm to 12mm thick panels, the industry generally adopts single-wire submerged arc welding technology. Due to the weak back-forming control capability of this welding technology, double-sided welding procedures are usually used in production applications. First, the front welding of the panel components is carried out, and then the panel components are turned over as a whole, and finally the back of the panel components are cleaned and welded. However, the current welding process technology has obvious limitations. On the one hand, the production process needs to rely on large equipment such as cranes to turn over the panel structure, and the construction cost of production supporting equipment and facilities is high. On the other hand, the welding production process is complicated and it is difficult to improve production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a single-sided full penetration welding method for medium and thick plate panels in marine engineering, which solves the control technology problem of one-time forming of medium and thick plates by single-sided welding, simplifies the panel welding production process, and improves efficiency.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a method for single-sided full penetration welding of thick plate panels in marine engineering, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, a single-sided V-shaped groove is formed on the edge of the steel plate to be welded;

[0007] Step 2, assembling the steel plates to be welded;

[0008] Step 3, check the groove specifications at a fixed distance and compare them with the standard values;

[0009] Step 4, affix a special gasket to the back of the welding groove to assist in the formation of the back weld;

[0010] Step 5, select the standard value of welding process parameters according to the thickness of the steel plate to be welded and adjust the welding equipment. After adjusting the welding process parameters, start arc welding on the arc starting plate, and then weld along the groove of the steel plate to be welded;

[0011] Step 6, adaptively controlling and adjusting the welding process;

[0012] Step 7: Finish welding.

[0013] Preferably, in step 1, a groove surface with an inclination angle of 25° is provided at the edge of the first steel plate to be welded, and no inclined groove surface is provided at the edge of the second steel plate to be welded.

[0014] Preferably, in step 2, when assembling the steel plates to be welded, first, the edge to be welded of the first steel plate to be welded is placed close to the edge to be welded of the second steel plate to be welded, and the allowable root gap is ≤2mm; secondly, a tack weld is welded inside the welding groove, the length of the tack weld is 30mm~50mm, the spacing of the tack welds is 300mm~500mm, and the welding sequence of the tack welds is from the terminal end to the starting end of the welding groove, that is, the welding direction of the tack weld is opposite to the formal welding direction; thirdly, an arc-starting plate and an arc-extinguishing plate are respectively installed at the starting end and the terminal end of the welding groove, and the material and thickness of the arc-starting plate and the arc-extinguishing plate are consistent with the material and thickness of the steel plates to be welded, and the length×width dimensions of the arc-starting plate are 100mm×100mm, and the length×width dimensions of the arc-extinguishing plate are 200mm×200mm.

[0015] Preferably, in step 3, starting from the beginning of the welding groove, the welding groove surface width and root gap are detected every 0.5m, and the comparison results of the groove surface width and root gap measured values ​​with the standard values ​​are recorded.

[0016] Preferably, in step 4, a special gasket is pasted on the back of the welding groove by placing the glass fiber material in the ceramic matrix forming groove, and then fixing the glass fiber material and the ceramic matrix closely to the back of the groove with aluminum foil tape.

[0017] Preferably, in step 5, the standard values ​​of welding process parameters for each plate thickness are:

[0018] The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 6 mm are: welding current 430 A, arc voltage 40 V, welding speed 55 cm / min;

[0019] The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 7 mm are: welding current 440 A, arc voltage 40 V, welding speed 49 cm / min;

[0020] The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 8 mm are: welding current 450 A, arc voltage 40 V, welding speed 40 cm / min;

[0021] The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 9 mm are: welding current 520 A, arc voltage 40 V, welding speed 31 cm / min;

[0022] The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 10 mm are: welding current 550 A, arc voltage 43 V, welding speed 27 cm / min;

[0023] The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 11 mm are: welding current 560 A, arc voltage 45 V, welding speed 27 cm / min;

[0024] The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 12 mm are: welding current 570 A, arc voltage 47 V, welding speed 27 cm / min;

[0025] During welding, the welding wire is kept at a forward tilt angle of 15° in the welding direction, and the distance from the conductive nozzle to the workpiece is controlled to be 20mm to 25mm.

[0026] Preferably, in step 6, when welding to the groove deviation value detection point, the welding process parameters are adjusted according to the comparison results of the welding groove surface width and the root gap measured value and the standard value.

[0027] Furthermore, in step 6, the welding process is adaptively controlled and regulated:

[0028] (1) According to the comparison between the actual measured value of the groove width and the standard value, the welding speed is adjusted as follows:

[0029] If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.5mm to 2.0mm larger than the standard value, the welding speed shall be reduced by 4cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0030] If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.0mm to 1.5mm larger than the standard value, the welding speed shall be reduced by 2cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0031] If the actual measured value of groove width is 0.5mm to 1.0mm larger than the standard value, the welding speed shall be reduced by 1cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0032] If the measured value of groove width differs from the standard value by 0mm to 0.5mm, welding shall be performed at the welding speed according to the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0033] If the actual measured value of groove width is 0.5mm~1.0mm smaller than the standard value, the welding speed shall be increased by 1cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0034] If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.0mm to 1.5mm smaller than the standard value, the welding speed shall be increased by 2cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0035] If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.5mm to 2.0mm smaller than the standard value, the welding speed shall be increased by 4cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0036] (2) According to the comparison between the test value of the groove root gap and the standard value, the welding current is adjusted as follows:

[0037] If the measured value of the groove root gap is 1.5mm to 2.0mm larger than the standard value, reduce the welding current by 50A based on the standard value of the welding process parameters;

[0038] If the measured value of the groove root gap is 1.0mm to 1.5mm larger than the standard value, reduce the welding current by 20A based on the standard value of the welding process parameters;

[0039] If the measured value of the groove root gap is 0.5mm to 1.0mm larger than the standard value, reduce the welding current by 10A based on the standard value of the welding process parameters;

[0040] If the actual measured value of the groove root gap differs from the standard value by 0mm to 0.5mm, welding shall be carried out according to the welding current of the standard value of the welding process parameters.

[0041] Preferably, in step 7, the specific method of ending welding is: after welding the welding gun to the arc extinguishing plate, the welding is ended at a position 100 mm away from the groove terminal. After the weld is cooled, the back gasket is removed, and the arc starting plate and the arc extinguishing plate are cut off.

[0042] Preferably, in a single-sided full penetration welding method for thick plate panels in marine engineering, the welding material used is solid welding wire, wherein the welding wire diameter specification is 1.6mm, and the welding wire composition is: carbon content 0.06%~0.10%, manganese content 1.40%~1.50%, silicon content 0.80%~0.90%, copper content 0.10%~0.15%, nickel and chromium content are both ≤0.05%, molybdenum and vanadium content are both ≤0.01%, and the rest is iron. The shielding gas used for welding is CO2 gas. The welding equipment used is gas shielded welding equipment, and its welding power supply has a rated current of 650A, a rated load voltage of 55V, a temporary load rate of 100% under rated current load conditions, and a rated wire feeding speed of 22m / min for its wire feeding mechanism. When the wire feeding speed of the gas shielded welding equipment is 11cm / min~22cm / min, the welding current output and wire feeding speed satisfy the following control formula:

[0043]

[0044] Where I is the welding current in amperes; V f is the wire feeding speed in meters per minute.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0046] The present invention provides a single-sided full penetration welding method for medium-thick plate splices in marine engineering, which realizes one-time forming of two sides by single-sided welding, and has excellent forming control effects on the front and back sides of the weld, avoids the turning over process of the spliced ​​plate components, simplifies the production flow and process of the prior art, reduces the investment of a large number of auxiliary welding man-hours, and realizes the improvement of welding production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 A flow chart of a single-sided full penetration welding method for thick and medium plate panels in marine engineering according to the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a single-sided V-shaped groove provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of panels in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gasket pasting in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the relative states of the welding wire and the conductive tip in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the technical solution of the present invention provides a method for single-sided full penetration welding of thick plate panels for marine engineering, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Make a single-sided V-shaped groove on the edge of the steel plate to be welded.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, a groove surface with an inclination angle of 25° is provided at the edge of the first steel plate to be welded, and an inclined groove surface is not provided at the edge of the second steel plate to be welded. The groove surface with a small inclination angle is provided at the edge of the first steel plate mainly to ensure the penetration of the welding arc; the inclined groove surface is not provided at the edge of the second steel plate mainly to reduce the processing amount of the welding groove. Compared with the conventional CO2 gas shielded welding groove, the welding groove design of this patent can reduce the groove processing amount by about 50%, and can match the subsequent welding process to achieve full penetration welding.

[0056] Step 2: Assemble the steel plates to be welded.

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, when assembling the steel plates to be welded, firstly, the edge to be welded of the first steel plate to be welded is placed close to the edge to be welded of the second steel plate to be welded, and the allowable root gap is ≤2mm; secondly, the positioning weld is welded inside the welding groove, the length of the positioning weld is 30mm~50mm, the spacing of the positioning weld is 300mm~500mm, and the welding sequence of the positioning weld is from the terminal end to the starting end of the welding groove, that is, the welding direction of the positioning weld is opposite to the formal welding direction, so as to reduce the internal stress of the terminal and prevent the subsequent terminal cracks; thirdly, the positioning weld is welded at the starting and terminal ends of the welding groove. Do not install welding arc-starting plates and arc-extinguishing plates. The material and thickness of the arc-starting plates and arc-extinguishing plates should be consistent with the material and thickness of the steel plates to be welded. The length × width of the arc-starting plate is 100mm × 100mm, and it mainly plays the role of arc-starting to avoid poor welding caused by direct arc-starting in the formal welding groove. The length × width of the arc-extinguishing plate is 200mm × 200mm. On the one hand, it plays the role of arc-extinguishing to avoid poor welding caused by direct arc-extinguishing in the formal welding groove. On the other hand, it also plays a restraining role to prevent terminal cracking, so the size of the arc-extinguishing plate is relatively large.

[0058] Step 3: Check the groove specifications at a fixed distance and compare them with the standard value.

[0059] Starting from the beginning of the welding groove, the welding groove surface width and root gap are tested every 0.5m, and the comparison results of the groove surface width and root gap measured values ​​and the standard values ​​are recorded. Among them, the standard value of the groove surface width of the plate thickness of 6mm is 2.8mm, the standard value of the groove surface width of the plate thickness of 7mm is 3.3mm, the standard value of the groove surface width of the plate thickness of 8mm is 3.7mm, the standard value of the groove surface width of the plate thickness of 9mm is 4.2mm, the standard value of the groove surface width of the plate thickness of 10mm is 4.7mm, the standard value of the groove surface width of the plate thickness of 11mm is 5.1mm, and the standard value of the groove surface width of the plate thickness of 12mm is 5.6mm; the standard value of the root gap is 0mm.

[0060] Step 4: Paste a special pad on the back of the welding groove to assist in the formation of the back weld.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, a special gasket is pasted on the back of the welding groove. The method is as follows: the glass fiber material is placed in the ceramic matrix forming groove, the glass fiber material and the ceramic matrix are pressed against the back of the groove and then fixed with aluminum foil tape.

[0062] Step 5, select the standard value of welding process parameters and adjust the welding equipment according to the thickness of the steel plate to be welded. After adjusting the welding process parameters, start arc welding on the arc starting plate, and then weld along the groove of the steel plate to be welded.

[0063] The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for each plate thickness are:

[0064] The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 6 mm are: welding current 430 A, arc voltage 40 V, welding speed 55 cm / min;

[0065] The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 7 mm are: welding current 440 A, arc voltage 40 V, welding speed 49 cm / min;

[0066] The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 8 mm are: welding current 450 A, arc voltage 40 V, welding speed 40 cm / min;

[0067] The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 9 mm are: welding current 520 A, arc voltage 40 V, welding speed 31 cm / min;

[0068] The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 10 mm are: welding current 550 A, arc voltage 43 V, welding speed 27 cm / min;

[0069] The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 11 mm are: welding current 560 A, arc voltage 45 V, welding speed 27 cm / min;

[0070] The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 12 mm are: welding current 570 A, arc voltage 47 V, welding speed 27 cm / min;

[0071] like Figure 5 As shown, during the welding process, the welding wire is kept at a forward tilt angle of 15° in the welding direction, and the distance from the conductive nozzle to the workpiece is controlled to be 20 mm to 25 mm.

[0072] Step 6: adaptively control and adjust the welding process.

[0073] When welding to the groove deviation value detection point, the welding process parameters are adjusted according to the comparison results of the welding groove surface width and root gap measured values ​​and the standard values.

[0074] (1) According to the comparison between the actual measured value of the groove width and the standard value, the welding speed is adjusted as follows:

[0075] If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.5mm to 2.0mm larger than the standard value, the welding speed shall be reduced by 4cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0076] If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.0mm to 1.5mm larger than the standard value, the welding speed shall be reduced by 2cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0077] If the actual measured value of groove width is 0.5mm to 1.0mm larger than the standard value, the welding speed shall be reduced by 1cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0078] If the measured value of groove width differs from the standard value by 0mm to 0.5mm, welding shall be performed at the welding speed according to the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0079] If the actual measured value of groove width is 0.5mm~1.0mm smaller than the standard value, the welding speed shall be increased by 1cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0080] If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.0mm to 1.5mm smaller than the standard value, the welding speed shall be increased by 2cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0081] If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.5mm to 2.0mm smaller than the standard value, the welding speed shall be increased by 4cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0082] (2) According to the comparison between the test value of the groove root gap and the standard value, the welding current is adjusted as follows:

[0083] If the measured value of the groove root gap is 1.5mm to 2.0mm larger than the standard value, reduce the welding current by 50A based on the standard value of the welding process parameters;

[0084] If the measured value of the groove root gap is 1.0mm to 1.5mm larger than the standard value, reduce the welding current by 20A based on the standard value of the welding process parameters;

[0085] If the measured value of the groove root gap is 0.5mm to 1.0mm larger than the standard value, reduce the welding current by 10A based on the standard value of the welding process parameters;

[0086] If the actual measured value of the groove root gap differs from the standard value by 0mm to 0.5mm, welding shall be carried out according to the welding current of the standard value of the welding process parameters.

[0087] Step 7: Finish welding.

[0088] After welding the welding gun to the arc extinguishing plate, end the welding at a position 100mm away from the end of the groove. After the weld is cooled, remove the backing pad and cut off the arc starting plate and arc extinguishing plate.

[0089] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for single-sided full penetration welding of thick plate panels in marine engineering specifically comprises the following steps:

[0090] In this embodiment, the welding material used is a solid welding wire, wherein the welding wire diameter specification is 1.6 mm, and the welding wire composition is: carbon content 0.10%, manganese content 1.50%, silicon content 0.90%, copper content 0.15%, nickel and chromium content 0.03%, molybdenum and vanadium content 0.01%, and the rest is iron. The shielding gas used for welding is CO2 gas. The welding equipment used is a gas shielded welding equipment, the rated current of the welding power supply is 650A, the rated load voltage is 55V, the temporary load rate under the rated current load condition is 100%, and the rated wire feeding speed of the wire feeding mechanism is 22m / min.

[0091] Step 1: Make a single-sided V-shaped groove on the edge of the steel plate to be welded.

[0092] like Figure 2 As shown, a groove surface with an inclination angle of 25° is provided at the edge of the first steel plate to be welded, and an inclined groove surface is not provided at the edge of the second steel plate to be welded.

[0093] Step 2: Assemble the steel plates to be welded.

[0094] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, when assembling the steel plates to be welded, firstly, the edge to be welded of the first steel plate to be welded is placed close to the edge to be welded of the second steel plate to be welded, and the allowable root gap is ≤2mm; secondly, the positioning weld is welded inside the welding groove, the length of the positioning weld is 50mm, the spacing between the positioning welds is 500mm, and the welding sequence of the positioning welds is from the terminal end to the starting end of the welding groove, that is, the welding direction of the positioning weld is opposite to the formal welding direction; thirdly, the arc starting plate and the arc extinguishing plate are respectively installed at the starting end and the terminal end of the welding groove, and the material and thickness of the arc starting plate and the arc extinguishing plate are consistent with the material and thickness of the steel plates to be welded, the length × width of the arc starting plate is 100mm × 100mm, and the length × width of the arc extinguishing plate is 200mm × 200mm.

[0095] Step 3: Check the groove specifications at a fixed distance and compare them with the standard value.

[0096] Starting from the beginning of the welding groove, the welding groove face width and root gap are tested every 0.5m, and the comparison results of the groove face width and root gap measured value and the standard value are recorded. In this embodiment, the plate thickness is 12mm, the groove face width standard value is 5.6mm, and the root gap standard value is 0mm.

[0097] Step 4: Paste a special pad on the back of the welding groove to assist in the formation of the back weld.

[0098] like Figure 4As shown, a special gasket is pasted on the back of the welding groove, and the method is as follows: the glass fiber material is placed in the ceramic matrix forming groove, the glass fiber material and the ceramic matrix are closely attached to the back of the groove, and then fixed with aluminum foil tape. In this embodiment, the pasting of the special gasket can better assist the back of the weld to be formed.

[0099] Step 5, select the standard value of welding process parameters and adjust the welding equipment according to the thickness of the steel plate to be welded. After adjusting the welding process parameters, start arc welding on the arc starting plate, and then weld along the groove of the steel plate to be welded.

[0100] In this embodiment, the standard values ​​of the welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 12 mm are: welding current 570 A, arc voltage 47 V, and welding speed 27 cm / min.

[0101] like Figure 5 As shown, during the welding process, the welding wire is kept at a forward tilt angle of 15° in the welding direction, and the distance from the conductive nozzle to the workpiece is controlled to be 25 mm.

[0102] Step 6: adaptively control and adjust the welding process.

[0103] When welding to the groove deviation value detection point, the welding process parameters are adjusted according to the comparison results of the welding groove surface width and root gap measured values ​​and the standard values.

[0104] (1) According to the comparison between the actual measured value of the groove width and the standard value, the welding speed is adjusted as follows:

[0105] If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.5mm to 2.0mm larger than the standard value, the welding speed shall be reduced by 4cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0106] If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.0mm to 1.5mm larger than the standard value, the welding speed shall be reduced by 2cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0107] If the actual measured value of groove width is 0.5mm to 1.0mm larger than the standard value, the welding speed shall be reduced by 1cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0108] If the measured value of groove width differs from the standard value by 0mm to 0.5mm, welding shall be performed at the welding speed according to the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0109] If the actual measured value of groove width is 0.5mm~1.0mm smaller than the standard value, the welding speed shall be increased by 1cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0110] If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.0mm to 1.5mm smaller than the standard value, the welding speed shall be increased by 2cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0111] If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.5mm to 2.0mm smaller than the standard value, the welding speed shall be increased by 4cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0112] (2) According to the comparison between the test value of the groove root gap and the standard value, the welding current is adjusted as follows:

[0113] If the measured value of the groove root gap is 1.5mm to 2.0mm larger than the standard value, reduce the welding current by 50A based on the standard value of the welding process parameters;

[0114] If the measured value of the groove root gap is 1.0mm to 1.5mm larger than the standard value, reduce the welding current by 20A based on the standard value of the welding process parameters;

[0115] If the measured value of the groove root gap is 0.5mm to 1.0mm larger than the standard value, reduce the welding current by 10A based on the standard value of the welding process parameters;

[0116] If the actual measured value of the groove root gap differs from the standard value by 0mm to 0.5mm, welding shall be carried out according to the welding current of the standard value of the welding process parameters.

[0117] Step 7: Finish welding.

[0118] After welding the welding gun to the arc extinguishing plate, end the welding at a position 100mm away from the end of the groove. After the weld is cooled, remove the backing pad and cut off the arc starting plate and arc extinguishing plate.

[0119] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for single-sided full penetration welding of thick plate panels in marine engineering specifically comprises the following steps:

[0120] In this embodiment, the welding material used is a solid welding wire, wherein the welding wire diameter specification is 1.6 mm, and the welding wire composition is: carbon content 0.08%, manganese content 1.45%, silicon content 0.85%, copper content 0.13%, nickel and chromium content 0.04%, molybdenum and vanadium content 0.01%, and the rest is iron. The shielding gas used for welding is CO2 gas. The welding equipment used is a gas shielded welding equipment, the rated current of the welding power supply is 650A, the rated load voltage is 55V, the temporary load rate under the rated current load condition is 100%, and the rated wire feeding speed of the wire feeding mechanism is 22m / min.

[0121] Step 1: Make a single-sided V-shaped groove on the edge of the steel plate to be welded.

[0122] like Figure 2As shown, a groove surface with an inclination angle of 25° is provided at the edge of the first steel plate to be welded, and an inclined groove surface is not provided at the edge of the second steel plate to be welded.

[0123] Step 2: Assemble the steel plates to be welded.

[0124] like Figure 3 As shown, when assembling the steel plates to be welded, first, the edge to be welded of the first steel plate to be welded is placed close to the edge to be welded of the second steel plate to be welded, and the allowable root gap is ≤2mm; secondly, the positioning weld is welded inside the welding groove, the length of the positioning weld is 40mm, the spacing between the positioning welds is 400mm, and the welding sequence of the positioning welds is from the terminal end to the starting end of the welding groove, that is, the welding direction of the positioning weld is opposite to the formal welding direction; thirdly, the arc starting plate and the arc extinguishing plate are respectively installed at the starting end and the terminal end of the welding groove, and the material and thickness of the arc starting plate and the arc extinguishing plate are consistent with the material and thickness of the steel plates to be welded, the length × width of the arc starting plate is 100mm × 100mm, and the length × width of the arc extinguishing plate is 200mm × 200mm.

[0125] Step 3: Check the groove specifications at a fixed distance and compare them with the standard value.

[0126] Starting from the beginning of the welding groove, the welding groove face width and root gap are detected every 0.5m, and the comparison results of the groove face width and root gap measured value and the standard value are recorded. In this embodiment, the plate thickness is 8mm, the groove face width standard value is 3.7mm, and the root gap standard value is 0mm.

[0127] Step 4: Paste a special pad on the back of the welding groove to assist in the formation of the back weld.

[0128] like Figure 4 As shown, a special gasket is pasted on the back of the welding groove. The method is as follows: the glass fiber material is placed in the ceramic matrix forming groove, the glass fiber material and the ceramic matrix are pressed against the back of the groove and then fixed with aluminum foil tape.

[0129] Step 5, select the standard value of welding process parameters and adjust the welding equipment according to the thickness of the steel plate to be welded. After adjusting the welding process parameters, start arc welding on the arc starting plate, and then weld along the groove of the steel plate to be welded.

[0130] In this embodiment, the standard values ​​of the welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 8 mm are: welding current 450 A, arc voltage 40 V, and welding speed 40 cm / min.

[0131] like Figure 5 As shown, during the welding process, the welding wire is maintained at a forward tilt angle of 15° in the welding direction, and the distance from the conductive nozzle to the workpiece is controlled to be 23 mm.

[0132] Step 6: adaptively control and adjust the welding process.

[0133] When welding to the groove deviation value detection point, the welding process parameters are adjusted according to the comparison results of the welding groove surface width and root gap measured values ​​and the standard values.

[0134] (1) According to the comparison between the actual measured value of the groove width and the standard value, the welding speed is adjusted as follows:

[0135] If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.5mm to 2.0mm larger than the standard value, the welding speed shall be reduced by 4cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0136] If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.0mm to 1.5mm larger than the standard value, the welding speed shall be reduced by 2cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0137] If the actual measured value of groove width is 0.5mm to 1.0mm larger than the standard value, the welding speed shall be reduced by 1cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0138] If the measured value of groove width differs from the standard value by 0mm to 0.5mm, welding shall be performed at the welding speed according to the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0139] If the actual measured value of groove width is 0.5mm~1.0mm smaller than the standard value, the welding speed shall be increased by 1cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0140] If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.0mm to 1.5mm smaller than the standard value, the welding speed shall be increased by 2cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0141] If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.5mm to 2.0mm smaller than the standard value, the welding speed shall be increased by 4cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters;

[0142] (2) According to the comparison between the test value of the groove root gap and the standard value, the welding current is adjusted as follows:

[0143] If the measured value of the groove root gap is 1.5mm to 2.0mm larger than the standard value, reduce the welding current by 50A based on the standard value of the welding process parameters;

[0144] If the measured value of the groove root gap is 1.0mm to 1.5mm larger than the standard value, reduce the welding current by 20A based on the standard value of the welding process parameters;

[0145] If the measured value of the groove root gap is 0.5mm to 1.0mm larger than the standard value, reduce the welding current by 10A based on the standard value of the welding process parameters;

[0146] If the actual measured value of the groove root gap differs from the standard value by 0mm to 0.5mm, welding shall be carried out according to the welding current of the standard value of the welding process parameters.

[0147] Step 7: Finish welding.

[0148] After welding the welding gun to the arc extinguishing plate, end the welding at a position 100mm away from the end of the groove. After the weld is cooled, remove the backing pad and cut off the arc starting plate and arc extinguishing plate.

[0149] It should be noted that all the terms used in the present invention for directional and positional indications, such as: "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", "top", "low", "tail end", "head end", "center", etc., are only used to explain the relative position relationship, connection status, etc. between the components in a certain state, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than requiring the present invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme in which both A and B are satisfied.

[0150] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0151] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for full penetration welding of thick plate panels on one side for marine engineering, characterized in that: The method specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1, a single-sided V-shaped groove is formed on the edge of the steel plate to be welded; Step 2, assembling the steel plates to be welded; Step 3, check the groove specifications at a fixed distance and compare them with the standard values; Step 4, affix a special gasket to the back of the welding groove to assist in the formation of the back weld; Step 5, select the standard value of welding process parameters according to the thickness of the steel plate to be welded and adjust the welding equipment. After adjusting the welding process parameters, start arc welding on the arc starting plate, and then weld along the groove of the steel plate to be welded; Step 6, adaptively controlling and adjusting the welding process; Step 7, end welding; In the step 2, when assembling the steel plates to be welded, firstly, the edge to be welded of the first steel plate to be welded is closely attached to the edge to be welded of the second steel plate to be welded, and the allowed root gap is ≤2mm; secondly, a tack weld is welded inside the welding groove, the length of the tack weld is 30mm~50mm, the spacing of the tack welds is 300mm~500mm, and the welding sequence of the tack welds is from the terminal end to the starting end of the welding groove, that is, the welding direction of the tack weld is opposite to the formal welding direction; In step 3, starting from the beginning of the welding groove, the welding groove surface width and root gap are detected every 0.5m, and the comparison results of the groove surface width and root gap measured values ​​with the standard values ​​are recorded; In step 5, the standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 6 mm are: welding current 430 A, arc voltage 40 V, welding speed 55 cm / min; The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 7 mm are: welding current 440 A, arc voltage 40 V, welding speed 49 cm / min; The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 8 mm are: welding current 450 A, arc voltage 40 V, welding speed 40 cm / min; The standard values ​​of welding process parameters for a plate thickness of 9 mm are: welding current 520 A, arc voltage 40 V, welding speed 31 cm / min; In step 6: when welding to the groove deviation value detection point, the welding process parameters are adjusted according to the comparison results of the welding groove surface width and the root gap measured value and the standard value, including: (1) Adjust the welding speed according to the comparison between the actual measured value of the groove width and the standard value: (2) Adjust the welding current based on the comparison between the groove root gap test value and the standard value.

2. A method for single-sided full penetration welding of thick plate panels for marine engineering as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, a groove surface with an inclination angle of 25° is provided at the edge of the first steel plate to be welded, and no inclined groove surface is provided at the edge of the second steel plate to be welded.

3. A method for single-sided full penetration welding of thick plate panels for marine engineering as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, arc-starting plates and arc-extinguishing plates are installed at the beginning and end of the welding groove respectively. The materials and thicknesses of the arc-starting plates and arc-extinguishing plates are consistent with the materials and thicknesses of the steel plates to be welded. The length × width dimensions of the arc-starting plates are 100 mm × 100 mm, and the length × width dimensions of the arc-extinguishing plates are 200 mm × 200 mm.

4. A method for single-sided full penetration welding of thick plate panels for marine engineering as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, a special gasket is pasted on the back of the welding groove by placing the glass fiber material in the ceramic matrix forming groove, and then fixing the glass fiber material and the ceramic matrix closely to the back of the groove with aluminum foil tape.

5. A method for single-sided full penetration welding of thick plate panels for marine engineering as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6, the welding process is adaptively controlled and regulated: (1) According to the comparison between the actual measured value of the groove width and the standard value, the welding speed is adjusted as follows: If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.5mm~2.0mm larger than the standard value, the welding speed shall be reduced by 4cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters; If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.0mm~1.5mm larger than the standard value, the welding speed shall be reduced by 2cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters; If the actual measured value of groove width is 0.5mm~1.0mm larger than the standard value, the welding speed shall be reduced by 1cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters; If the measured value of groove width differs from the standard value by 0mm~0.5mm, welding shall be performed at the welding speed according to the standard value of welding process parameters; If the actual measured value of groove width is 0.5mm~1.0mm smaller than the standard value, the welding speed shall be increased by 1cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters; If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.0mm~1.5mm smaller than the standard value, the welding speed shall be increased by 2cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters; If the actual measured value of groove width is 1.5mm~2.0mm smaller than the standard value, the welding speed shall be increased by 4cm / min based on the standard value of welding process parameters; (2) According to the comparison between the test value of the groove root gap and the standard value, the welding current is adjusted as follows: If the measured value of the groove root gap is 1.5mm~2.0mm larger than the standard value, reduce the welding current by 50A based on the standard value of the welding process parameters; If the measured value of the groove root gap is 1.0mm~1.5mm larger than the standard value, reduce the welding current by 20A based on the standard value of the welding process parameters; If the measured value of the groove root gap is 0.5mm~1.0mm larger than the standard value, reduce the welding current by 10A based on the standard value of the welding process parameters; If the actual measured value of the groove root gap differs from the standard value by 0mm~0.5mm, welding shall be carried out according to the welding current of the standard value of the welding process parameters.

6. A method for single-sided full penetration welding of thick plate panels for marine engineering as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step 7, the specific method for ending welding is: after welding the welding gun to the arc extinguishing plate, end the welding at a position 100 mm away from the end of the groove, remove the back gasket after the weld is cooled, and cut off the arc starting plate and the arc extinguishing plate.

7. A method for single-sided full penetration welding of thick plate panels for marine engineering as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The welding material used is solid welding wire, wherein the welding wire diameter specification is 1.6mm, and the welding wire composition is: carbon content 0.06%~0.10%, manganese content 1.40%~1.50%, silicon content 0.80%~0.90%, copper content 0.10%~0.15%, nickel and chromium content are both ≤0.05%, molybdenum and vanadium content are both ≤0.01%, and the rest is iron element. The shielding gas used for welding is CO2 gas, and the welding equipment used is gas shielded welding equipment. The rated current of the welding power supply is 650A, the rated load voltage is 55V, and the temporary load rate under the rated current load condition is 100%. The rated wire feeding speed of the wire feeding mechanism is 22m / min. When the wire feeding speed of the gas shielded welding equipment is 11cm / min~22cm / min, the welding current output and wire feeding speed meet the following control formula: in, I is the welding current in amperes; V f is the wire feeding speed in meters per minute.

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