Disassembling tool and disassembling process for traction body on subway vehicle

Abstract

This invention provides a disassembly fixture and process for the upper traction body of a subway vehicle. The disassembly fixture includes a rotating fixture and a hydraulic lifting vehicle. The rotating fixture is placed on the lifting platform of the hydraulic lifting vehicle and is located on the outer periphery of the upper traction body. By rotating the rotating fixture, the upper traction body rotates relative to the underframe and is vertically displaced downwards by its own weight until the upper traction body is completely detached from the underframe. The advantages of this invention are that it significantly improves disassembly efficiency, greatly reduces labor intensity, is simple to operate, avoids repetitive labor, eliminates personal safety risks, and fully utilizes the large weight of the upper traction body. Through rotation, it allows the body to fall freely during movement and detach from the vehicle underframe, truly achieving fast, labor-saving, and safe disassembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of auxiliary tooling technology for rail vehicle equipment, and specifically relates to a tooling and disassembly process for disassembling the traction body on a subway vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] After prolonged operation, urban rail vehicles experience wheel wear due to friction between the wheel and rail, leading to a reduction in wheel diameter. Alternatively, irregular wheel-rail wear may cause the wheel tread shape to no longer meet wheel-rail contact requirements, necessitating wheel turning, which further reduces wheel diameter. To prevent the vehicle floor from lowering due to the reduced wheel diameter, the height of the upper traction body needs to be increased. During vehicle design, the upper traction body is bolted to the underframe. When wheel wear occurs, the thickness of the adjusting shims between the upper traction body and the underframe needs to be increased to compensate for the height loss caused by wheel wear.

[0003] like Figure 1 As shown, the upper traction body is a crucial connecting component between the subway car and the bogie, serving to transmit longitudinal traction force and vertical gravity. During vehicle design, considering that the upper traction body provides the transmission of longitudinal traction force and vertical gravity during vehicle operation, the upper traction body and the vehicle underframe are connected not only by bolts but also by a pin-fitting interlocking structure, with grease and locking adhesive applied to the mating surfaces. After wheel wear, it is necessary to separate the upper traction body from the underframe's lower surface and add an adjusting shim between them. To achieve this, the problem of friction in the mating surface locking adhesive and the transition fit of the pin hole must be solved. The current process involves removing the connecting bolts between the upper traction body and the underframe, then manually shaking the upper traction body to allow it to fall under its own weight; or using tools such as chisels, hammers, and pry bars to pry open the gap between the upper traction body and the underframe until the upper traction body pin is completely detached from the underframe. However, this method has the following drawbacks: Drawback 1: Separation is difficult. The upper traction body weighs approximately 200 kg, and its mass and size make it difficult to operate manually and shake. Disadvantage 2: The upper traction body and the underframe are in close contact, making it difficult for the flat chisel to penetrate initially. The clearance between the upper pin of the upper traction body and the underframe is very small, leaving almost no room for lateral movement. Forced hammering will damage both the upper traction body and the underframe. Disadvantage 3: High risk. Due to its high rigidity, the flat chisel is prone to flying off when hammering. When separating the upper traction body, if it suddenly detaches, it will fall directly, threatening the personal safety of the workers. Disadvantage 4: Low efficiency. Due to the high difficulty of operation and the excessive weight of the upper traction body, manual methods are difficult to achieve effective operation. It generally takes 2-4 hours or even longer to disassemble one upper traction body. Based on 12 upper traction bodies in a six-car train, it would take 3-5 working days to complete the disassembly of one train, which cannot meet the construction requirements and seriously affects the construction progress. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a disassembly fixture and process for the upper traction body of a subway vehicle. Through unique technical processes and related tooling, the upper traction body can be quickly separated from the underframe, overcoming the adhesive force of the locking glue and the friction of the transition fit of the pin hole. This solves the problems of high difficulty, easy damage, high danger, and low efficiency in separating the upper traction body from the vehicle underframe.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a disassembly fixture for a traction body on a subway vehicle, comprising a rotating fixture and a hydraulic lifting vehicle. The rotating fixture is placed on the lifting platform of the hydraulic lifting vehicle. The rotating fixture includes a base plate, a first side plate, and a second side plate. The base plate is a rectangular panel with a central circular hole. The first and second side plates are fixedly connected to the four sides of the base plate to form a groove structure. There are two first side plates, fixed to two parallel sides of the base plate. There are two second side plates, fixed to the other two sides of the base plate. The height of the first side plate is higher than that of the second side plate. The distance between the two first side plates is greater than the distance between the two side plates of the upper traction body. Connecting columns are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the first and second side plates. The connecting columns are inserted into extension rods. The lifting platform has through holes of the same diameter at the corresponding positions of the circular hole on the base plate.

[0006] Preferably, the first and second side plates are joined at right angles, and a triangular reinforcing rib is fixedly connected at the joint to improve the overall strength of the rotating fixture and prevent the first and second side plates from separating under force during rotation, which could cause danger.

[0007] Preferably, the diameter of the circular hole is larger than the diameter of the center pin, so that the center pin can be fully inserted into the circular hole, which improves the fit between the first side plate and the upper traction body side plate and facilitates the transmission of force when rotating the extension rod.

[0008] This invention also includes a process for disassembling the traction body on a subway vehicle, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Move the hydraulic lifting vehicle directly below the upper traction body, raise the lifting platform of the hydraulic lifting vehicle, and let the lower center pin of the upper traction body pass through the round hole of the rotating fixture and the through hole of the lifting platform until the two first side upright plates of the rotating fixture are in contact with the side plates of the upper traction body. The purpose is to support the upper traction body and ensure that the upper traction body can rotate.

[0010] Step 2: Secure the four wheels of the hydraulic lift truck to ensure that the lift truck is in a stable state;

[0011] Step 3: Remove all the connecting bolts between the upper traction body and the base frame, and insert the extension rod into the connecting column for installation;

[0012] Step 4: Four operators hold the extension rods and push them in the same direction, either clockwise or counterclockwise, perpendicular to the axis of the extension rods, so that the four extension rods rotate around the pin and generate displacement.

[0013] Step 5: The rotating fixture rotates first, and the first side plate first makes rigid contact with the side plate of the upper traction body. Then the second side plate makes contact with the stiffener of the upper traction body, transmitting torque and causing the upper traction body to rotate, causing the upper traction body to move relative to the lower plane of the base frame.

[0014] Step 6: After rotating one revolution, repeat the rotation operation in the opposite direction. Since the adhesive force between the upper traction body and the base frame has been broken at this time, the pin of the upper traction body and the pin hole of the base frame have also slid relative to each other. Therefore, with the help of the weight of the upper traction body itself, the joint surface between it and the base frame will be displaced downward.

[0015] Step 7: Lower the height of the hydraulic lift vehicle. The lowering height should be the same as the displacement of the upper traction body after it detaches, to prevent the upper traction body from suddenly falling and damaging the hydraulic lift vehicle or the upper traction body.

[0016] Step 8: Rotate alternately in both forward and reverse directions to increase the separation distance between the upper traction body and the base frame;

[0017] Step 9: After the upper traction body separates from the base frame, the central pin at the bottom of the upper traction body will be fully inserted into the through hole of the lifting platform and the round hole of the rotating tool due to gravity, achieving a stable state without manual operation, thus completing the disassembly operation.

[0018] Step 10: Lower the lifting platform of the hydraulic lifting vehicle. After installing the adjusting pad on the mounting surface of the upper traction body, raise the lifting platform again to complete the subsequent installation operations. The installation operation involves rotating the upper traction body to the corresponding position with the base frame using a rotating tool, applying locking adhesive to the mating surface, and aligning and connecting the upper traction body to the base frame using connecting bolts.

[0019] Preferably, in step 3, four extension rods are simultaneously connected to the connecting column in four directions to improve work efficiency and ensure uniform force distribution in four directions.

[0020] Preferably, in step 4, the displacement applied each time is controlled within the range of 200-300mm to prevent people from falling due to excessive instantaneous displacement.

[0021] Preferably, during step 8, a loosening agent is sprayed onto the pin that has not yet completely detached to accelerate the separation of the upper traction body from the base frame.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are: significantly improved disassembly efficiency, requiring only about 20 minutes to disassemble a single upper traction body, increasing efficiency by more than 10 times; operators only need to operate the extension rod and rotating fixture, greatly reducing labor intensity, and the operation is simple, avoiding repetitive labor and eliminating personal safety risks; using a hydraulic lifting vehicle to support the upper traction body not only enables the circular motion of the rotating fixture but also supports the upper traction body to prevent it from falling, while dynamically adjusting the vertical displacement to adapt to the disassembly of the upper traction body; the use of the rotating fixture fully utilizes the structure of the side plates and stiffeners of the upper traction body, and utilizes the principle of reaction force to increase the rotational torque through the extension rod, which can amplify the rotational force by 5-10 times or more, overcoming the adhesion force between the upper traction body and the base frame, and achieving rapid disassembly; fully utilizing the large weight of the upper traction body, it is allowed to fall freely during the movement through rotation, detaching from the vehicle base frame, truly achieving fast, labor-saving, and safe disassembly. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the upper traction body structure;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the upper traction body and the base frame;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the disassembly tooling structure for the traction body of a subway vehicle;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a rotating tooling structure.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1-Upper traction body, 2-Connecting bolt, 3-Base frame, 4-Pin, 5-Center pin, 6-Hydraulic lifting vehicle, 7-Rotating fixture, 101-Side plate, 102-Reinforcing rib, 103-Upper plane of upper traction body, 601-Lifting platform, 701-First side upright plate, 702-Second side upright plate, 703-Base plate, 704-Round hole, 705-Reinforcing rib, 706-Connecting column, 707-Extending rod. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in the vehicle design, the upper traction body 1 and the chassis 3 are connected by connecting bolts 3. Considering that the upper traction body 1 provides longitudinal traction and vertical gravity transmission during vehicle operation, in addition to the connecting bolts 2, a pin-shaft engagement structure is also designed between the upper traction body 1 and the chassis 3. Lubricating grease and locking adhesive are applied to the mating surface between the upper traction body and the chassis, i.e., the upper plane 103 of the upper traction body. When wheel wear occurs, the thickness of the adjusting shim between the upper traction body 1 and the chassis 3 is increased to compensate for the height of wheel wear.

[0030] Separating the upper traction body 1 and the base frame 3 requires overcoming the adhesive force of the locking glue and the frictional force of the pin hole transition fit. To ensure the non-destructive separation of the upper traction body 1 and the base frame 3, this invention designs a disassembly fixture. For example... Figure 3 As shown, it includes a rotating fixture 7 and a hydraulic lifting vehicle 6. The rotating fixture 7 is placed on the lifting platform 601 of the hydraulic lifting vehicle 6. The hydraulic lifting vehicle 6 supports the upper traction body 1, which can realize the circular motion of the rotating fixture 7 and support the upper traction body 1 to prevent it from falling. At the same time, the vertical displacement can be dynamically adjusted during disassembly to adapt to the disassembly of the upper traction body 1.

[0031] like Figure 4As shown, the rotating fixture 7 includes a base plate 703, a first side plate 701, and a second side plate 702. The base plate 703 is a rectangular panel with a central circular hole 704. The lifting platform 601 has through holes of the same diameter at the corresponding positions of the circular hole 704 in the base plate 703. The diameters of the circular hole 704 and the through holes are larger than the diameter of the central pin 5, so that the central pin 5 can be fully inserted into the circular hole 704. A trough structure is formed by fixing first side plates 701 and second side plates 702 to the four sides of the base plate 703. The first side plates 701 and second side plates 702 are joined at right angles, and triangular reinforcing ribs 705 are fixedly connected at the joint. There are two first side plates 701, which are fixed to the two parallel sides of the base plate 703, and two second side plates 702, which are fixed to the other two sides of the base plate 703. Since the first side plates 701 are in contact with the side plates 101, and the second side plates 702 are in contact with the reinforcing ribs 102, according to the structural characteristics of the upper traction body 1, the side plates 101 are located on both sides of the upper traction body 1, and the reinforcing ribs 102 are arranged between the side plates 101 on both sides of the upper traction body 1, with the top of the reinforcing ribs 102 being the upper plane of the upper traction body. 103. Therefore, in order to avoid interference and to maximize the contact area between the rotating tooling 7 and the upper traction body 1, the height of the first side plate 701 is higher than that of the second side plate 702, and the distance between the two first side plates 701 is greater than the distance between the two side plates 101 of the upper traction body 1. A connecting column 706 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the first side plate 701 and the second side plate 702. The connecting column 706 is a cylinder and is fixedly welded to the center of the first side plate 701 and the second side plate 702. The connecting column 706 is inserted into the extension rod 707. The extension rod 707 is a cylindrical long rod, and a cylindrical groove is machined at the connection with the connecting column 706. The extension rod 707 can be inserted into the outside of the connecting column 706. The use of the rotating fixture 7 makes full use of the structure of the side plate 101 and the stiffening plate 102 of the upper traction body 1. By utilizing the principle of reaction force, the rotational torque is increased by the extension rod 707, which can amplify the rotational force by 5-10 times or more, overcome the adhesion force between the upper traction body 1 and the base frame 3, and achieve rapid disassembly.

[0032] This invention also includes a process for disassembling the traction body on a subway vehicle, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: Move the hydraulic lifting vehicle 6 directly below the upper traction body 1, raise the lifting platform 601 of the hydraulic lifting vehicle 6, so that the lower center pin 5 of the upper traction body 1 passes through the round hole 704 of the rotating fixture 7 and the through hole of the lifting platform 601, until the two first side upright plates 701 of the rotating fixture 7 are in contact with the side plates 101 of the upper traction body 1. The purpose is to support the upper traction body 1 and ensure that the upper traction body 1 can rotate.

[0034] Step 2: Secure the four wheels of the hydraulic lifting vehicle 6 to ensure that the hydraulic lifting vehicle 6 is in a stable state;

[0035] Step 3: Remove all the connecting bolts 2 between the upper traction body 1 and the base frame 3, and insert the extension rods 707 and the connecting columns 706 into the connection. The four extension rods 707 are connected to the connecting columns 706 simultaneously in four directions.

[0036] Step 4: Four operators hold the extension rod 707 and simultaneously push the extension rod 707 in the same direction, perpendicular to the axis of the extension rod 707, in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. This causes the four extension rods 707 to rotate around the pin 4, generating displacement. The displacement amount applied each time is controlled within the range of 200-300mm to prevent personnel from falling due to excessive instantaneous displacement.

[0037] Step 5: The rotating fixture 7 rotates first, and the first side plate 701 first makes rigid contact with the side plate 101 of the upper traction body 1. Then the second side plate 702 contacts the stiffener 102 of the upper traction body 1, transmitting torque and causing the upper traction body 1 to rotate, so that the upper traction body 1 and the lower plane of the base frame 3 rotate and displace.

[0038] Step 6: After rotating one revolution, repeat the rotation operation in the opposite direction. Since the adhesive force between the upper traction body 1 and the base frame 3 has been broken at this time, the pin 4 of the upper traction body 1 and the pin hole of the base frame 3 have also slid relative to each other. Therefore, with the help of the weight of the upper traction body 1 itself, the joint surface between it and the base frame 3 will be displaced downward.

[0039] Step 7: Lower the height of the hydraulic lifting vehicle 6. The lowering height is the same as the displacement of the upper traction body 1 as it slides off the base frame 3, to prevent the upper traction body 1 from suddenly falling and damaging the hydraulic lifting vehicle 6 or the upper traction body 1.

[0040] Step 8: Rotate clockwise and counterclockwise alternately to increase the separation gap between the upper traction body 1 and the base frame 3. During the process, spray a loosening agent onto the pin 4 that has not yet completely separated to accelerate the separation of the upper traction body 1 and the base frame 3.

[0041] Step 9: After the upper traction body 1 separates from the base frame 3, the central pin 5 at the lower part of the upper traction body 1 will be fully inserted into the through hole of the lifting platform 601 and the round hole 704 of the rotating tool 7 due to gravity, achieving a stable state without manual operation, and completing the disassembly operation.

[0042] Step 10: Lower the lifting platform 601 of the hydraulic lifting vehicle 6. After installing the adjusting pad on the horizontal plane 103 of the upper traction body 1, raise the lifting platform 601 again to complete the subsequent installation operation. The installation operation is to rotate the upper traction body 1 to the corresponding position with the base frame 3 using the rotating tool 6, apply locking glue to the mating surface, and align and connect the upper traction body 1 and the base frame 3 using the connecting bolts 2.

[0043] The disassembly process of this invention makes full use of the large weight of the upper traction body 1. By rotating it, it falls freely during the movement and detaches from the vehicle chassis 3, truly achieving fast, labor-saving and safe disassembly.

[0044] The above describes specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Any modifications or equivalent transformations based on the technical solutions of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tooling for disassembling the traction body of a subway vehicle, characterized in that: The device includes a rotating fixture and a hydraulic lifting vehicle. The rotating fixture is placed on the lifting platform of the hydraulic lifting vehicle. The rotating fixture includes a base plate, a first side plate, and a second side plate. The base plate is a rectangular panel with a central hole. The first and second side plates are fixedly connected to the four sides of the base plate to form a groove structure. There are two first side plates, fixed to two parallel sides of the base plate, and two second side plates, fixed to the other two sides of the base plate. The height of the first side plates is higher than that of the second side plates. The distance between the two first side plates is greater than the distance between the two side plates of the upper traction body. The first side plates are in rigid contact with the side plates of the upper traction body, and the second side plates are in contact with the stiffeners of the upper traction body to transmit torque and drive the upper traction body to rotate. Connecting columns are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the first and second side plates. The connecting columns are inserted into extension rods. The connecting columns are symmetrically distributed on the outer surfaces of the four side plates and are used to insert four extension rods to achieve synchronous force application. The lifting platform has through holes of the same diameter machined at the corresponding positions of the central hole in the base plate.

2. The disassembly fixture for the traction body of a subway vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first and second side panels are joined at right angles, and triangular reinforcing ribs are fixedly connected at the joint.

3. The disassembly fixture for the traction body of a subway vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the circular hole is larger than the diameter of the center pin.

4. The disassembly process of the traction body disassembly fixture for subway vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Move the hydraulic lifting vehicle directly below the upper traction body, raise the lifting platform of the hydraulic lifting vehicle, and let the lower center pin of the upper traction body pass through the round hole of the rotating fixture and the through hole of the lifting platform until the two first side uprights of the rotating fixture are in contact with the side plates of the upper traction body. Step 2: Secure the four wheels of the hydraulic lift vehicle; Step 3: Remove all the connecting bolts between the upper traction body and the base frame, and insert the extension rod into the connecting column for installation; Step 4: Four operators hold the extension rods and push them simultaneously in the same direction, either clockwise or counterclockwise, perpendicular to the axis of the extension rods. This causes the four extension rods to rotate around the pins, creating displacement. Each displacement should be controlled within the range of 200-300mm. Step 5: The rotating fixture rotates first, and the first side plate first makes rigid contact with the side plate of the upper traction body. Then the second side plate makes contact with the stiffener of the upper traction body, transmitting torque and causing the upper traction body to rotate, causing the upper traction body to move relative to the lower plane of the base frame. Step 6: After rotating one revolution, repeat the rotation operation in the opposite direction. Since the adhesive force between the upper traction body and the base frame has been broken at this time, the pin of the upper traction body and the pin hole of the base frame have also slid relative to each other. Therefore, with the help of the weight of the upper traction body itself, the joint surface between it and the base frame will be displaced downward. Step 7: Lower the height of the hydraulic lifting vehicle, the lowering height being the same as the displacement of the upper traction body after it disengages; Step 8: Rotate alternately in both forward and reverse directions to increase the separation distance between the upper traction body and the base frame; Step 9: After the upper traction body separates from the base frame, the central pin at the bottom of the upper traction body will be fully inserted into the through hole of the lifting platform and the round hole of the rotating tool due to gravity, thus completing the disassembly operation. Step 10: Lower the lifting platform of the hydraulic lifting vehicle, install the adjustment pad on the upper traction body mounting surface, and then raise the lifting platform again to complete the subsequent installation operations.

5. The process for dismantling the traction body on a subway vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 3, four extension rods are simultaneously connected to the connecting column in four directions.

6. The process for dismantling the traction body on a subway vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: During step 8, a loosening agent is sprayed onto the pin that has not yet completely detached.

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